PowerPoint-Prsentation

Zero Emissions Leading To Sustainable Devolpment

Ankur Dhir Lead Auditor QMS, EMS, OHSAS Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

ContentDefinition of Zero EmissionsExisting MethodsInteraction of MethodsLiterature ReviewCase StudyZero Energy an IntroConclusion

Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Three ways to define ZeroAbsolute ZeroAnalytical ZeroZero Impact the strictest definition of Zero!no wasteno sewage waterno polluted air and no energy loss Every substance has a detection sensitivity limit. If the concentration of a substance in a stream is below this limit, it will not be detected by analytical methods. No Emission

In nature substances are subject to natural fluctuations.By this definition Zero means: No impact on the environmentZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Three ways to define ZeroAbsolute ZeroAnalytical ZeroZero Impact Problems:- New detection systems are invented every year.- Permanent adoption of environmental protection plants is required.- ExpensiveProblems:- Hard to convince companies of the need- Hard to implement- Expensive- Much easier to convince companies from implementing!- No negative effect on environment Implementation possible

The way we define Zero!Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

It can be seen that Lean principles and ISO 14001 standards have a lot of common ground and both aim at reducing waste. Lean focuses on delivering the maximum value to the customer using the required resources at minimizing waste. When an organisation implements Lean, there are significant cost savings. There is optimum utilization of resources and wastage is reduced. This has a positive impact on the environmental performance of the company. When a company is implementing Lean principles into EMS, it must clearly set forth the objectives of such an initiative (Mc Donald, 2005). The senior management must play an important and visible role in implementing the Lean and green initiatives. The procedures and measures for attaining the goals must be clearly communicated to the employees at all levels. There must be cross functional cooperation in the organisation to learn and benefit from mutual experience. There should be a process of acknowledging the best practices of each unit and introducing the same at the company level.4Emissions = Input - ProductINPUTPRODUCTfluidic EMISSIONSsolid EMISSIONSgaseous EMISSIONSZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

A company can benefit tremendously from combining the Lean and green efforts. The company will be seen as contributing to protecting the environment and preserving it for future generations. It will result in reduced cost of operations, optimum utilization of resources, reduction in wastage and better profitability for the organisation.5Definition of Zero EmissionsEmissions that pass the defined system boundary in a Zero Emissions system must neither interfere with ecological nor social requirements.The defined system boundaries can enclose a single company, a cluster of companies or a region.Zero Emission looks at problems from a holistic point of viewZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Zero Emissions is no Stand-alone MethodInstead it uses different existing methods (CP, Eco-Efficiency, IBS, Upsizing,) and combines their strenghts

Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

The main questions is:

How do these methods interact with each other???Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Zero Emissions MethodsCleaner ProductionGood HousekeepingRecyclingGreen ChemistryRenewable ResourcesRenewable EnergyIndustrial EcologyUpsizingPollution PreventionReuseRepairDesign for durabilityDemanufacturingIntegrated BiosystemsEco-efficiencyZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Zero Emissions MethodsInter-Company Level

MacroCompany Level

MesoProcess Level

MicroZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Zero Emissions NetworkSplitting in Energy and Mass EffectMacroMesoMicroZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Metal Finishing IndustryMicro LevelCleaner ProductionRecyclingMaterial EfficiencyEnergy EfficiencyGood HousekeepingNew Process/TechnologyRenewableResourcesIntegratedBiosystemsGreen Chemistry++

+Returning Destillate into Rinsing ProcessImplementation of a vacuum evaporator for closing rinsing water cycleImplementation of optimized rinsing system

+++Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Metal Finishing IndustryMicro LevelCleaner ProductionGood HousekeepingRecyclingNew Process/TechnologyMaterial EfficiencyEnergy EfficiencyRenewableResourcesIntegratedBiosystemsGreen ChemistryMeso-LevelMaterialEfficiencyMeso-LevelUpsizingMeso-LevelRenewableEnergy++++++++++++--+-+++++++Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Metal Finishing: Literature ReviewMicro LevelGoodHousekeepingCleanerProductionNew Process/TechnologyMaterialEfficiencyEnergyEfficiencyIntegratedBiosystemsGreen ChemistryRecycling+++-+++++++Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Metal Finishing: Literature ReviewMeso LevelGoodHousekeepingRecyclingCleanerProductionNew Process/TechnologyMaterialEfficiencyEnergyEfficiencyRenewableResourcesIntegratedBiosystemsUpsizing++++++++++++++Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Metal Finishing: Literature ReviewMicroGoodHousekeepingCleanerProductionNew Process/TechnologyMaterialEfficiencyEnergyEfficiencyIntegratedBiosystemsGreen Chemistry+RecyclingGoodHousekeepingRecyclingCleanerProductionNew Process/TechnologyMaterialEfficiencyEnergyEfficiencyRenewableResourcesUpsizingIndustrialEcologyRecyclingIntegratedBiosystems+-++++-MacroMesoZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Comparison of Theoretical and Implemented ActionsMost of the actions taken to Improve Material and Energy EfficiencyRenewable Resources just 1 time used on MesoIBS are becoming more interesting in the last yearsGreen Chemistry actions in the removal of hazardous heavy metals (process optimisation)Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Schematic DiagramKnowledge ofZero Emissions MethodsImplementation TimeMicroMesoMacroZero EmissionsChance to reach Zero EmissionsTime[%]Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

---Case Study: Wire drawing companyCleanerProductionGood HousekeepingNew Process/TechnologyMaterialEfficiencyEnergyEfficiencyCleanerProductionGood HousekeepingUpsizingMaterialEfficiencyEnergyEfficiencyRecyclingRecyclingIndustrialEcologyMicroMacroMeso30% less water5% less chemicals25% less energy25% less water25% less waterWaste water free plant!Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Time Scale of ImplementationGoodHousekeepingGoodHousekeeping +Cleaner Production +Eco-EfficiencyMicroMicroMesoGoodHousekeeping +Cleaner Production +Eco-EfficiencytimeMeso + MacroIE +IBS +Upsizing +Recycling +Planning startsat this point !Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

ConclusionThis Zero Emissions design can be used as aQuick Check for CompaniesComparison between common actions and new technologies/processesKnowledge, where to start with actionsZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Conclusion (Metal Finishing)In the moment there are only taken Micro and Meso Level actions in the Metal Finishing IndustryUse of Renewable Resources and Energy is rare Upsizing Heavy metal containing galvanic sludges and selling them within an Macro Level IE- or Recycling NetworkProduction of Mono Sludges, containing only 1 Heavy Metal: i.e. Zn, Ni (5-30% sellable product)Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Next StepsWeek point is the missing time scale so, Implementation of a time scaleThat it is to complicatedEnlarge to other branches: textile, food, paper/pulpZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Ankur DhirZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS- ECONOMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTSZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

24REASONS FOR CONCERNStandards of energy efficiency in almost all part of the world is extremely low.Most of the countries are heavily dependent on imported oil, a finite resource that is likely to be increasingly expensive in future; consumption also has significant environmental costs.Many of the developing countries have serious balance of payments problem.

Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Buildings are the Largest Energy Consumer Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

A net zero energy building can be defined as a building which generates as much energy through renewable sources as much as it consumes from the Grid.

During the last 20 yearsmore than 200 reputable projects claiming net zero energy balance have been realized all over the world which extensively utilise the non renewable energy sources to earn the tag of ZEB.

What is a Zero Energy Building?Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

The Sun carrier Omega)Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Bayer Material Science building in Greater NoidaZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Components of Zero Energy BuildingsBuilding's orientation on the site, window and door placement.

Wind EffectStack Effect Combustion and VentilationZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Plantations On The RoofZero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Insulation on walls and using Light colored roof)Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Various forms of renewable energySolar Energy

The photovoltaics convert the light energy directly into electric energy by photoelectric effect at the atomic level.

The solar thermal collectors chosen for this job are flat plate collectors with an efficiency factor of 0.8 and a linear heat loss coefficient factor of 3.5.Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Wind EnergyThe total kinetic energy available from wind world-wide is more than 80 times the energy that is being consumed now.

The wind turbine costs are approximately the same as coal-, natural gas-, and nuclear-based electricity.

Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Geothermal Energy

The temperature of earth varies proportionally with depth. We can utilize this temperature to produce limitless energy.

One percent of the heat contained in just the uppermost 10 kilometers of the earths crust is equivalent to 500 times the energy contained in all of the earth's oil and gas resources.

Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

BiogasIEI ppt (asif,apurva,archana,arpita)

It is the most suitable energy resource as per environmental concern.Suitable for rural areas where plenty of organic and inorganic wastes are available, no proper discharging channel is not available.Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

ComparisonIEI ppt (asif,apurva,archana,arpita)

Economical comparison shows that wind energy is most economical amongst all renewable resources mentioned in the graph.Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Conclusion Solar and Wind energy will be the major contributor of renewable energy for ZEBs owing to their widespread availability.

Biogas can also be used for our energy needs but its only constraint is that it needs huge quantity of waste and it is also not feasible everywhere.

Geothermal energy is an upcoming form of energy having great potential to generate electricity but a lot of research still has to be done to tap into its full potential.Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment

Thank you, for your attention!Zero Emissions Leading to sustainable Devolpment