Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’...

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Yumiko Nishi | Brian Hagihara | Eriko Ike University of Iowa CATJ 25 University of Findlay April 11, 2015

Transcript of Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’...

Page 1: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Yumiko  Nishi  |  Brian  Hagihara  |  Eriko  Ike  University  of  Iowa

CATJ  25  University  of  Findlay  

April    11,  2015

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¡ Major  and  Minor  programs  § Major:  30  s.h.,  currently  54  students  § Minor:  15  s.h.,  currently  34  students        

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¡  UI  Japanese  enrollments  have  been  healthy  §  Steady  increase  in  1st  year  Japanese  enrollments  §  Steady  increase  in  overall  enrollments        

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88   82  94  

115  

131   137  145  

2008   2009   2010   2011   2012   2013   2014  

1st-­‐year  Japanese  enrollments  

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2012-­‐2013   2013-­‐2014   2014-­‐2015  Fall   213   227   248  Spring   155   153   183  

0  

50  

100  

150  

200  

250  

300  

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College  of  Arts  and  Sciences  Fall  Enrollments  

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total CLAS Enrollment

16,396 16,492 15,914 15,458 15,896 16,181 16,315

Students from China

55 (0.3%)

187 (1.1%)

336 (2.1%)

612 (4.0%)

862 (5.4%)

960 (5.9%)

1212 (7.4%)

Students from S. Korea

103 (0.6%)

97 (0.6%)

107 (0.7%)

146 (0.9%)

175 (1.1%)

191 (1.2%)

208 (1.3%)

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By  demography  

0%  10%  20%  30%  40%  50%  60%  70%  80%  90%  100%  

2010   2011   2012   2013   2014  

Non-­‐East  Asian  

East  Asian  

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By  major  (business-­‐related  vs.  non-­‐business)

0%  10%  20%  30%  40%  50%  60%  70%  80%  90%  100%  

2010   2011   2012   2013   2014  

Non-­‐Business-­‐related  

Business-­‐related  

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Demography  of  business-­‐related  majors  taking  Japanese

0%  10%  20%  30%  40%  50%  60%  70%  80%  90%  100%  

2010   2011   2012   2013   2014  

Non-­‐East  Asian  Business-­‐related  Majors  

East  Asian  Business-­‐related  Majors  

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Yes  &  Maybe  82%  

Maybe  not  &  No  18%  

WOULD  YOU  LIKE  TO  FIND  A  JOB  RELATED  TO  JAPAN  IN  SOME  WAY  

AFTER  GRADUATION?    Business  

25%  

Manga  16%  

Music  7%  

Hospitality  1%  

Teaching  18%  

Translation  15%  

Reserch  9%  

Other  9%  

 IF  YOU  SAID  YES,  IN  WHAT  FIELD?  

N=240  

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Definitely;  Maybe,  

depending  on  the  

requirements  78%  

No  22%  

WOULD  YOU  CONSIDER  SIGNING  UP  FOR  THE  BUSINESS  JAPANESE  CERTIFICATE  

PROGRAM,  IF  WE  CREATED  ONE?  

N=240  

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¡ Motivations  for  building  Business  Japanese  curriculum  §  Stabilize  enrollments  §  Improve  retention  rates  (上田  2015)  §  Prepare  students  for  career  after  graduation  (田伏  2013)

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¡  Business  Japanese  I  (new)  ¡  Business  Japanese  II  (new)  ¡  Japan:  Culture  and  Communication  (existing  course  taught  in  English)  

 

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¡  Business  Japanese  I  §  Co-­‐requisite:  3rd  year  2nd  semester  Japanese  §  11  students  are  enrolled  (Spring  2015)  §  phrases/expressions  used  in  professional  settings,  manners,  and  some  cultural  knowledge  

§ 『ビジネスのための日本語』スリーエーネットワーク  

 

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¡  Business  Japanese  II  §  Pre-­‐requisite:  Business  Japanese  I  §  To  be  offered  in  Fall  2016    §  Project-­‐oriented  syllabus（近藤  2013)  

 

Page 16: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Very  much  &  

Somewhat  81%  

No  19%  

WOULD  YOU  BE  INTERSTED  IN  TAKING  BUSINESS  

JAPANESEⅠ?  

Very  much  &  

Somewhat  69%  

No  31%  

WOULD  YOU  BE  INTERESTED  IN  TAKING  BUSINESS  JAPANESE  

Ⅱ?  

N=240   N=240  

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¡  There  is  a  gap  between  the  level  that  Japanese  company  employees  and  government  officials  expect  of  students  majoring  in  Japanese  (advanced+)  and  the  level  we  hope  they  will  achieve  (intermediate  high).  (Saito  &  Tabuse  ,  2012-­‐2013)  

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¡  In  a  survey  conducted  by  JETRO  Atlanta  in  2006,  almost  all  of  the  18  Japanese  companies  commented  on  students’  behaviors,  motivations,  personalities,  and  attitudes,  but  almost  none  on  language  skills  (Matsuda  2010).    

¡  A  survey  conducted  among  Japanese-­‐owned  companies  in  the  Detroit  area  in  2005  obtained  similar  results.  Tabuse  and  Fujiwara  (2005)  reported  that  23  of  the  46  Japanese  workers  said  that  U.S.  workers  need  not  know  the  Japanese  language,  but  none  said  that  it  was  not  crucial  to  know  Japanese  culture.    

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Michigan  (2014)

Ohio    (2014)

Illinois    (2013)

Iowa    (2013)

Facilities 487 422 581 57

Total  Employees

38,339 70,985 38,190 4,970

       Local  Employees  

36,456 69,467 36,970 4,940

Japanese  Employees

1,883 1,518 1,230 30

References:  The  Consulate  General  of  Japan  in  Detroit  2014  Survey  (Michigan  and  Ohio)  The  Consulate  General  of  Japan  at  Chicago  2013  Survey  (Ilinois  and  Iowa)  

Page 20: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

What  is  needed  at  the  workplace  in  Iowa?  §  What  students  feel  they  need  –  alumni  survey  and  

follow-­‐up  interview  §  What  companies  expect  –  employee  survey  

Page 21: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments
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¡  Graduates  with  major  or  minor  in  Japanese  from  the  past  five  years  (N=39)  

¡  11  alumni  responded  

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¡  Questionnaire:  Covers  Personal  Information,  Work  History,  and  Opportunities  

¡  Interview:  Follow-­‐up  to  the  questionnaire  with  in-­‐depth  questions  regarding  Japanese  Language,  Culture,  and  Business  Etiquette

 

Page 24: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡ When  you  were  searching  for  jobs/internships,  were  you  looking  for  something  Japan-­‐related?  §  Yes......10  §  No......1  

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¡  If  you  had  taken  Business  Japanese  I,  to  what  extent  would  it  have  impacted  your  career?  §  Significant  Impact......6  § Moderate  Impact......4  § Minor  Impact......0  §  No  Impact......1  

¡  Business  Japanese  II?  §  Yielded  same  results    

Page 26: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡  6  work  or  had  worked  a  job  that  was  Japan-­‐related  

 ¡  Job  Fields  

§  Account  Executive  for  Automation  Component  Distributor  

§  Translator  for  Publishing  Company    §  Quality  Engineer  for  Medical  Treatment  Equipment  Company  

§  Freelance  Translator  §  Education:  Writing  Coordinator  for  University  §  Education:  Alternative  Language  Teacher  

Page 27: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡  Importance  of  knowing  the  language  §  Very  Important......0  §  Important......1  §  Moderately  Important......4  §  Of  Little  Importance......1  §  Unimportant......0  

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¡  Importance  of  knowing  the  Culture  §  Very  Important......2  §  Important......3  §  Moderately  Important......0  §  Of  Little  Importance......1  §  Unimportant......0  

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¡  Importance  of  Japanese  Business  Etiquette  §  Very  Important......2  §  Important......2  §  Moderately  Important......1  §  Of  Little  Importance......1  §  Unimportant......0  

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¡  Frequency  of  Communication  Problems  Occurring  §  Very  Often......0  §  Sometimes......4  §  Rarely......1  §  Never......1  

¡  The  Root  of  the  Communication  Problems  §  Language......5  §  Cultural  Differences......0  

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¡ Would  Business  Japanese  I  have  better  prepared  you  for  the  job?  §  Significant  Impact......5  §  Moderate  Impact......1  §  Minor  Impact......0  §  No  Impact......0  

¡  Business  Japanese  II?  §  Significant  Impact......5  §  Moderate  Impact......1  §  Minor  Impact......0  §  No  Impact......0  

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¡ What  are  the  most  important  aspects  of  “Japanese  Business  Culture”?    §  Respect......5  § Manners/Etiquette......5  §  Presentation......3  

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¡  How  would  you  describe  “Japanese  Business  Culture”?  §  Polite......5  §  Dedication......3  §  Punctual......3  §  Strict......3  

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Cultural  Competency  

Business  Etiquette  

Language  Proficiency  

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¡ Questions  §  Interview  questions  were  formed  based  on  Tabuse  &  Fujiwara  2005.

 

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¡  6  employees  from  6  companies  (5  Japanese,  1  US-­‐based)  

¡  All  companies  are  local  (Iowa,  western  Illinois)  

¡  Business  areas    § Manufacturing......4    §  Food  production  /  export......  1    §  Insurance......1  

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¡  Positions  § Management......4  §  Engineer......3  §  Product  support......1  §  Customer  service......1  

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¡  Ratio  of  non-­‐Japanese  speakers  §  90%<......4  §  80-­‐90%......1  §  60-­‐70%......1  

¡  Presence  of  non-­‐Japanese  employee  who  speaks  Japanese  §  Yes......2  §  No......4

Page 40: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡  How  often  is  Japanese  used  at  workplace?  §  Often......4  §  Sometimes......1  §  Never......1  

¡  In  what  situations?  §  Between  employees......4  §  In  correspondence  with  the  head  office  in  Japan......4  §  With  customers......1  §  At  meetings......1

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¡  How  often  do  you  encounter  problems  in  communication  with  non-­‐Japanese  speakers  at  workplace?  §  Often......2  §  Sometimes......4  

¡ What  causes  the  problems?  §  Language......5  §  Cultural  differences......4  

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¡  How  do  you  resolve  communication  problems?  §  Talk  out;  discuss......1  §  Prepare  materials  in  advance  to  make  directions  clear  ......2  §  Situations  can  be  improved  but  difficult  to  resolve  problems......

1  §  Other......3  ▪  Have  other  employees  to  explain  ▪  Show  models;  use  figures    ▪  U.S.  employees  usually  try  to  figure  out  what  the  interviewee  means  ▪  Have  other  employees  to  take  over  the  responsibilities  or  the  

interviewee  him/herself  does  the  job  ▪  Give  training  opportunities  

Page 43: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡  What  level  of  Japanese  proficiency  do  you  expect  your  employees  to  have?  

§  They  do  not  need  to  know  any  Japanese......4  §  Intermediate  (basic  business  Japanese)......1  §  High-­‐advanced  (can  use  Keigo)......1  

¡  What  level  of  Japanese  proficiency  do  you  expect  your  interns  to  have?    

§  They  do  not  need  to  know  any  Japanese......4    §  Elementary  (daily  conversation  level)......1    §  High-­‐advanced  (can  use  Keigo)......1    

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¡  What  level  of  Japanese  cultural  knowledge  do  you  expect  your  employees  to  have?  §  They  do  not  need  to  know  any  Japanese  culture......1  §  Be  able  to  behave  appropriately  depending  on  the  situations  (phone,  dealing  with  customers,  attire,  etc.)......3  

§  Know  basic  Japanese  business  culture  (ringisho,  nemawashi,  etc.)......2  

¡  What  level  of  Japanese  cultural  knowledge  do  you  expect  your  interns  to  have?    §  They  do  not  need  to  know  any  Japanese  culture......2  §  Be  able  to  behave  appropriately  depending  on  the  situations  (phone,  dealing  with  customers,  attire,  etc.)......4  

§  Know  basic  Japanese  business  culture  (ringisho,  nemawashi,  etc.)......0  

Page 45: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Level Japanese  Proficiency

Understanding  Japanese  Culture

Adaptability  to  Japanese  business  culture

Techinical  Knowledge  for  the  position

Knoledge  of  regional  business

Other

5  (high)

Communication;  Interests

4 ○○ ○ Communication

3 ○ ○ ○○○ ○○○ ○ Personality

2 ○○ ○ ○

1  (low)

○○○○ ○○ ○○

Page 46: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Level Japanese  Proficiency

Understanding  Japanese  Culture

Adaptability  to  Japanese  business  culture

Techinical  Knowledge  for  the  position

Knoledge  of  regional  business

Other

5  (high)

○ ○○○ ○○ Communication;  Problem  solving  ;  Imagination

4 ○ ○○ ○○ ○ ○○○ Communication;  Personality

3 ○○○ ○

2 ○○ ○○

1  (low)

○○ ○

Page 47: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Interns

Definitely 1

It  is  preferable

3

It  does  not  matter

1

It  is  not  necessary

0

Employees

Definitely 1

It  is  preferable

3

It  does  not  matter

1

It  is  not  necessary

0

Page 48: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Interns

Definitely 2

It  is  preferable

2

It  does  not  matter

0

It  is  not  necessary

0

Employees

Definitely 3

It  is  preferable

1

It  does  not  matter

0

It  is  not  necessary

0

Page 49: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Long  decision-­‐making  process

Meticulousness;  Perfectionism

Hierarchical  ranks

Long  working  hours

Long-­‐term  career  

planning  (Lifetime  

employment)

Nemawashi

Sensitivity

Multi-­‐functions

Teamwork;  group    

decision-­‐making

Compromise

Page 50: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Technical  Knowledge  

Communication  

Knowledge  of  Japanese  Business  Culture    

Socio-­‐cultural  Competence  

Language  Proficiency  

Page 51: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Technical  Knowledge  

Communication  

Knowledge  of  Japanese  Business  Culture    

Socio-­‐cultural  Competence  

Language  Proficiency  

Cross-­‐cultural  Communication  

Toyota  Way;  Kaizen  

Technical  Japanese  

Page 52: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments
Page 53: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Summer    

Workshop

BJ  Curriculum  Committee Research  

Curriculum    

development Nemawashi  

-­‐  Administrators  

-­‐  Business  School  

-­‐  Foundation  

Page 54: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡  Limited  number  of  Japan-­‐related  companies  within  Iowa  §  Need  to  expand  the  target  to  greater  Iowa  area  and  American  businesses  that  have  presence  in  Japan  

¡  No  medium  between  higher  education  and  business    §  Requires  grassroots  efforts

Page 55: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡  Local  Japanese  Community  § 日本語補習校  

¡  Local  Japan-­‐related  organizations  §  Outreach  coordinator  at  CultureAll  in  Des  Moines  

¡  Career  Center  at  University  ¡  Iowa  Economic  Development  Authority  

§  List  of  Japan-­‐related  companies  

Page 56: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments
Page 57: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Business  Japanese  Curriculum

Student  motivation  

à  Enrollment  stability,  Increase  in  retention  rate

Page 58: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Business  Japanese  Curriculum

Student  motivation  

à  Enrollment  stability,  Increase  in  retention  rate

Visibility  of  the  program

Page 59: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Business  Japanese  Curriculum

Student  motivation  

à  Enrollment  stability,  Increase  in  retention  rate

More  involvement  in  local  

community

Visibility  of  the  program

Page 60: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Business  Japanese  Curriculum

Student  motivation  

à  Enrollment  stability,  Increase  in  retention  rate

More  Career  Opportunities

More  involvement  in  local  community

Visibility  of  the  program

Page 61: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

We  thank  Kanako  Matsuo,  graduate  student  at  the  University  of  College  of  Education,  for  her  assistance  in  identifying  Japan-­‐related  companies  in  Iowa  and  developing  the  course,  Business  Japanese  I.    This  project  is  funded  by  the  Curriculum  Enhancement  Grant  from  the  Center  for  Asian  and  Pacific  Studies  at  the  University  of  Iowa.      

Special  thanks:  UI  students,  UI  Japanese  Program  Alumni,  Company  employees  

who  participated  in  the  interview      

Page 62: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡  Matsuda, Y. 2010. Japan through the eyes of American Interns: Needs analysis for business Japanese language programs. Occasional Papers. 10. Association of Teachers of Japanese.

¡  上田(2015)「日本語の履修をより長く継続させるには」AATJ Spring 2015

¡  近藤純子 (2013)「ビジネス日本語コースにおけるプロジェクト型学習の効果と教師の役割」AATJ 2013

¡  斎藤・田伏 (2013) 「キャリアに繋がる日本語専攻プログラムを目指して」 (Connecting a Japanese major program to students' careers) AATJ Spring 2013

¡  斎藤・田伏 (2014) 「社会人が期待する日本語能力に向けての新しいカリキュラムの構築」(Designing a new curriculum to achieve advanced level proficiency that professionals expect of our majors) AATJ Spring 2014

¡  田伏・藤原 (2005)「ビジネスの日本語ープロジェクト結果報告書（ミシガン州の日系企業におけるアンケート調査）」

Page 63: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

43,141  

72,359  66,740  

32,628  

53,796   51,618  

9,157  

17,900  14,562  

1,356   663   560  1998   2009   2013  

Total   four-­‐year  colleges   two-­‐year   graduate  

Page 64: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

17%  

80%  

3%  

Institutions  of  Higher  Education  offering  Japanese  Courses  

Institutions  of  Higher  Education  offering  Business  Japanese  Courses  

Institutions  of  Higher  Education  that  do  not  offer  Business  Japanese  Courses  

Instituions  of  Higher  Education  that  offer  Japanese  Business  Culture  Courses  

Page 65: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

Northeast,  8  

Southeast,  6  

Midwest,  13  Southwest,  2  

West,  15  

Page 66: Yumiko’Nishi’|’Brian’Hagihara’|’Eriko’Ike’ University’of’Iowa · 88 82’ 94’ 115 131’ 137’ 145 2008’ 2009’ 2010’ 2011’ 2012’ 2013’ 2014’ 1styearJapaneseenrollments

¡  Certificate  Program  §  Business  Japanese  I,  II,  and  Japan:  Culture  and  Communication  

¡  Field  trip  §  1-­‐day  site  visit  

¡  Internship  Opportunities  


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Unipampa | Universidade Federal do Pampa · 2019. 7. 3. · 131 132 133 135 136 137 138 139 40 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161

B MARTIN Nuclear and Particle Physics · 4.4 Particle detectors 131 4.4.1 Gas detectors 131 4.4.2 Scintillation counters 137 4.4.3 Semiconductor detectors 138 4.4.4 Particle identi

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