Yuh SHIOHARA - SUNJET II - Shiohara.pdf · Superconductivity Research Laboratory (SRL),...
Transcript of Yuh SHIOHARA - SUNJET II - Shiohara.pdf · Superconductivity Research Laboratory (SRL),...
Superconductivity Research Laboratory (SRL),
International Superconductivity Technology Center (ISTEC),
Director General , Emeritus
Yuh SHIOHARA
March 26 th~ March 27 th, 2015 @ Tokyo , Japan
“Current Status of R&D on
REBCO Coated Conductors in Japan”
-for the Aviation of the Future-
1/19
Europe- Japan Symposium Electrical Technologies for the Aviation of the Future
’86 ’87 ’91 ’98 ’03 ’08 ’13 ’16
Disc
ove
ry o
f L
a-S
r-C
a-C
u-O
Disc
ove
ry o
f Y
BC
O
Drs. J.R.Bednorz
& K.A.Muller
Prof. Paul Chu
National
Project
FTSA–(I)
CC:
IBAD-PLD
ISD-PLD
MOCVD
MOD
LPE
RABiTS etc.
Bulk Flywheel Current Lead
National
Project
FTSA–(II)
CC:
IBAD-PLD
IBAD-MOD
IBAD -MOCVD
RABiTS-PLD
etc.
AC cable Transformer
FCL Ship Propulsion
Motor Refrigerator (Turbo Brayton)
55mx40A
(IBAD-PLD)
50mx104A/cm
2
(ISD-PLD)
National
Project
M-PACC
CC:
IBAD-PLD
IBAD-MOD
IBAD -MOCVD
RABiTS-PLD
etc.
SMES Transformer
AC cable Refrigerator (Turbo Brayton)
504mx350A
(IBAD-PLD)
250mx310A
(IBAD-MOD)
FTSA : Fundamental Technologies for Superconductivity Applications
M-PACC : Materials & Power Applications of Coated Conductors
FT-Coils : Development of Fundamental Technologies for HTS Coils
National Project
Fundamental
Materials Science&
Engineering
Physics &Chemistry
HTS Mechanism
Search for new HTS
Single X’tal Growth
Bulk HTS Processing
Thin Film Processing
NEDO Project NEDO Project NEDO Project
National
Project
FT-Coils
(Medical Appl.)
CC:
IBAD-PLD
IBAD-MOD
MRI (3T & 10T)
Medical Accelerator
Gantry
METI Project
816mx572A
(IBAD-PLD)
500mx310A
(IBAD-MOD)
1mx37A
(IBAD-PLD)
History of R&D for Coated Conductors in Japan
Hastelloy C-276
IBAD-GZO/MgO
PLD-CeO2
(Y or Gd)123
Ag/Cu
2/19
Year
I c (
A/m
m2
@77K
) x
L (
km
)
Paul Chu
350A/504m Fujikura
(2008.06)
600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
572A/816m Fujikura (2011.02)
176A/2084m Sumitomo
(2009)
153A/1311m SuperPower
(2008.08)
173A/595m SuperPower
(2007.01)
213A/245m SRL-ISTEC (2005.08)
BSCCO
580A/1040m Fujikura (2012)
466A/540m AMSC
(2010.10)
282A/1065m
SuperPower
(2009.08)
422 A/1000 m SuNAM (2012.1)
579 A/978 m SuNAM (2014.4)
310A/500m SWCC
(2008.05)
YBCO
J.R.Bednorz
& K.A.Muller
YBCO
Discovery of HTS
BSCCO
H.Maeda
R&D Competition of Coated Conductors in the World
Hastelloy C-276
IBAD-GZO/MgO
PLD-CeO2
(Y or Gd)123
Ag/Cu
BSCCO YBCO
3/19
Wire A Wire B Wire C
1. Piece length 621 m 700 m 587 m
2. Ic (max.)** 700 A 590 A 562 A
3. Ic (min.)** 649 A 555 A 533 A
4. Ic (avg.)** 677 A 575 A 550 A
5. Uniformity* 7.5 % 6.1 % 5.2 %
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 7000
200
400
600
800
I c(7
7 K
) (A
)
Position (m)
Wire A
Wire B
Wire C
*Uniformity : {Ic (max.) - Ic (min.)} / Ic (avg.) x 100
Measured every 4.7 m
Ic criterion : 1 mV/cm
**10 mm-W
Current-transport measurements at every 4.7m long
800
600
400
200
0
500
I c
(A
/cm
-w@
77K
, s.
f.)
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Wire A
Wire B
Wire C
Commercially Available 2G-Coated Conductors by Fujikura
IBAD
PLD
Position (m)
4/19
Thickness of EuBCO+BHO Layer (m m)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 1 2 3 4
I c(A
/cm
-w)
EuBCO with BHO thickness (mm)
77 K, 3 T
EuBCO with BHO (◇)(low depo. rate)
EuBCO with BHO (●)(high depo. rate)
Thickness of EuBCO+BHO Layer (m m)
0 1 2 3 4
(PLD) Low Deposition Rate : ~ 10m m/h
High Deposition Rate: ~ 40m m/h
Angle of Applied Magnetic Field, q (°)
High Self-Field & In-Field Ic with High Deposition Rate
@77K, 3T
@77K, s.f.
@77K, 3T
5/19
Ic (A/cm-w)
T, B
EuBCO +
BHO
Commercial
Based C.C.
77K 3T 141 26
65K 3T 616 149
50K 3T 1400 395
50K10T 500 124
30K 3T 2730 830
30K10T 1180 372
20K10T 1630 516
EuBCO+BHO
141A/cm-w
GdBCO+BHO 85A/cm-w
Commercially available
BHO BSO BZO pure
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 Thickness of SC Layer (mm)
@77K, 3T 160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0 Cri
tica
l C
urr
ent,
Ic (
A/c
m-w
@77k
,3T
) Extremely High In-Field Ic of 3G - C.C.
Hastelloy C-276
IBAD-MgO
PLD-CeO2
(Y or Gd)123
Ag/Cu
100~120 m m
Ic (A /cm-w) ≒ Je (A/mm2)
PLD
6/19
@77 K, Self-Field
Thickness (m m)
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Cri
tical
Cu
rren
t,
I c(A
/cm
-w)
Y-TFA, Gd-TFA, Ba-TFA, Cu-Oct + Zr-Oct
(0.77 : 0.23 : 1.6 : 3.0 : 0.1)
Dependence of HTS Layer Thickness on Critical Currents of CCs Fabricated by TFA-MOD Process
TFA-MOD
500m Batch type Furnace for 123 phase Crystallization
MO Solution
Multi-Turn
RTR Coating & Calcination
7/19
@65 K, 3 T
Jc(min.) = 1.63 MA/cm2
Jc(min.) = 1.14 MA/cm2
Jc(min.) = 0.82 MA/cm2
MOD (conventional) 2. 6m mt
PLD 3.6m mt
MOD (New) 0.56m mt
Angle of Applied Magnetic Field, q (°)
Cri
tical
Cu
rren
t D
ensi
ty, J
c
(MA
/cm
2)
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220
2.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0
Improvement of In-Field Critical Currents of CCs Fabricated by Low Cost TFA-MOD Process
in Comparison with PLD Process
50nm
BHO
BZO
TFA-MOD
PLD
8/19
Long Length CCs (Ic x L)
Fujikura 603 kAm > SuNAM
566 kAm > SuperPower 300 kAm
in-Field Ic and Length (Vapor Phase Deposition) (Ic x L)
ISTEC 200m x 54A @77K,3T
94m x 108A @77K,3T
SuperPower 50m x 14A @77K,3T
43A(Commercial) @77K,3T
Long C.C.
ISTEC, SWCC 124mx 50A @77K,3T
ISTEC
55A @77K,3T > amsc
10A @77K,1T
ISTEC
141A @77K,3T
2730A @50K,3T
> SuperPower
86A @77K,3T B//c
2742A @50K,3T B//c
SuNAM
30A @77K,3T
~ ~
Comparison of Performance of C.C. in the World
Short C.C.
in-Field Ic and Length (Liquid Solution Process) (Ic x L)
Short C.C.
Long C.C.
> ~
9/19
“Development of HTS Coiling Technology” Realization of He-less Medical Magnets
1. HTS Coils for 3T & 10T MRI
· 10ppm in 40cmf
with 1 ppm/h @ 3, 10T
2. HTS Coils for Medical Accelerator & Gantry
· 100ppm Deviation of B in 10cmf
under Pattern Excitation to 3T
3. Common Core Technologies for HTS Coils
“Coil operated with He-free” and “Low Loss Coil”
“Long CC with High Ic(B)” and “Ultra-low Loss CC”
Current National Project (METI) in JAPAN
10/19
Theme of R&D Expected Goals
Coated
Conductors
Long Coated Conductor(CC) with High in-field Ic
Reduction of Heat Generation for Long CC
(Uniform Ic, Filamentation, Joints with low resistivity)
200m long C.C. with Ic: 600A/cm-w@65K,3T Ic:1000A/cm-w@35K,10T
Filament width < 500mm DIc/Ic (ave) < 0.05
Joint Resistance < 3nW
New Evaluation Technique
Coiling with Cryo-cooling Technology
Fundamental Evaluation of CCs & Coils (Flux Creep, AC loss etc.)
Coiling Technology Coils by 300 & 500m CCs
Fundamental data-base of Characteristics of CCs & Coils
Evaluation of 500 m CC Coil in Liquid N2
Evaluation of 500 m CC Coil with Conduction Cooling
Long wires with high in-field performance
As high in-field performance as short samples
Evaluation technology for in-field characteristics
Long wires with low heat generation (AC losses & Joule Losses)
Uniform Ic distribution (for reduction of AC losses)
Small damage due to scribing processing (for reduction of AC losses)
Small joint resistance
Core R&D for Medical Application of Coated Conductors
11/19
[email protected] Load Factor =0.77 S=4.5x0.3mm2
⇒Ic = 185/0.77x(10/4.5)= 534 A/cm-w
Can we expect the above performance in Liq. N2?
Reference “Design by Kyoto Univ.”
Specifications of HTS MRI
3 T@ Bore Center BSCCO-2223
Conduction Cooling (20 K in design)
Power Supply Drive
(≠Persistent current Mode)
What Can We Expect by High Ic(B) C.C.?
12/19
141 A/cmw@77K,3T
⇒ 527 A/cm-w
@65K,3.6T
≈ 534 A ( Design by Kyoto Univ. )
MRI in Liq.N2 Feasible !
EuBCO+BHO
141A/cm-w
GdBCO+BHO 85A/cm-w
Commercially available
BHO BSO BZO pure
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 Thickness of SC Layer (mm)
@77K, 3T 160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0 Cri
tica
l C
urr
ent,
Ic (
A/c
m-w
@77k
,3T
) Possibility of
Operation in Liq. N2 for 3T-MRI
13/19
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
100 101
10Hz20Hz30HzElectric50Hz
10Hz20Hz30HzElectric50Hz
Ac L
oss (
J/c
ycle
)
I (A)
Without Striation
5 Filaments
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
-2 -1 0 1 2
90d
45d
30d
15d
-m0M
[T]
Be [T]
Sample A at 77K
100
10-1
10-2
10-3
A
C L
oss
(J
/cy
cle)
100
I (A)
101
Solenoid coil (10 turns x 19 layers)
Multi-filamentary coated conductors are effective and
promising for reduction of AC losses in a coil form!
Reduction of AC Losses in a Coil Form of C.C.
JcB 1
Number of Filaments W
Bm wn
Bm: Magnetic Field Amplitude
14/19
Reduction of AC Loss by filamentation (relative factor : vs without scribing)
Filamentation & Low AC Loss (Vapor Phase Deposition)
>> SuperPower
No Report
ISTEC
5mm-w 10Filaments-100m
AC-Loss: 1/10
ISTEC 5mm-w
10Filaments-100m
AC-Loss: 1/10 >>
amsc
No Report
ISTEC 5mm-w
10Filaments
AC-Loss: 1/10
ISTEC 10mm-W 20Filaments
AC Loss 1/20 >
SuperPower 12mm-w 15Filaments
AC Loss:1/15
Short C.C.
Long C.C.
Filamentation & Low AC Loss (Liquid Solution Process)
Short C.C.
Long C.C.
Comparison of Filamentation Performance of C.C. in the World
REBCO C.C. (5mm-w)
Laser scribing
5 Filaments
15/19
Commercially Available Refrigerators 2years ago
Prediction of COP of Refrigerator in the Future
Currently Commercially Available Refrigerator & Prediction of COP in the future
Turbo Brayton refrigerator was successfully developed in the M-PACC Project. 2 kW @ 65 K, COP ≥ 0.06 @ 80 K
~6 ton/2kW ⇒3 kg/W (Lighter weight could be possible)
16/19
Project title: Development of REBCO Fully Superconducting Rotating Machines
Principal investigator: Prof. M. Iwakuma, Kyushu University, Japan
Research and development of fully REBCO superconducting rotating machines
Applying our original technologies, we will first
develop superconducting armature windings with low
ac loss characteristics and a large current capacity.
Combination with rotating REBCO superconducting
field windings makes it possible to install the both
windings into the same casing resulting in reduction of
the gap distance and constitute it as a compact
superconducting synchronous rotating machine of
high output power density and the high efficiency.
This rotating machine will bring us the realization of the
“low-carbon society” through effective energy savings.
Purpose
Brief Summary
GNe or GHe
Slip ring
Back iron
Heat insulating axis
Magnetic fluid seal
Vacuum He
Development of REBCO Fully Superconducting Rotating Machines
17/19
Proposed R&D for Coated Conductors
Development of REBCO Coated Conductors (3G-CC) High Critical current:Ic (Je) e.g. 2,000A/cm-w , e.g. 2mm in thickness
Jc >10MA/cm2
High In-Field Critical Current:Ic, min - B e.g. Ic: > 600A/cm-w@65K,3T Ic:> 1000A/cm-w@35K,10T Low AC (hysteresis)Loss: Uniformity of Ic &Jc in width and length directions of CC Multi Filamentation (Laser Scribing) < 500mm Low Resistance Joint (incl. persistent joint): High Mechanical Strength: Delamination, Tensile, Bending Low Cost Process: High Production Rate, High Ic , High Production Yields Development of Coiling (Winding) Technology Pancake (Race-track), Solenoid, Uniform & High Magnetic Field Generation Development of Cryo-cooling Technology Compact, Light weight, Efficient (high COP) Refrigerator, He-free Demonstration of Feasibility of HTS Power Devices Electric Power Devices (incl. Magnets), Rotating Machines (Motor, Generator (incl. Wind Power))
18/19