Youth Coaching Interventions To Achieve The UN MDGs Through Sport And Physical Activity: A Proposed...

Youth Coaching Interventions To Achieve The UN MDGs Through

Sport And Physical Activity: A Proposed Study

William Falcão William Falcão & Gordon Bloom& Gordon Bloom

Department of Kinesiology andDepartment of Kinesiology andPhysical EducationPhysical Education

McGill UniversityMcGill University

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

Literature ReviewLiterature Review Coaching ScienceCoaching Science Positive Youth DevelopmentPositive Youth Development United Nations Millennium Development GoalsUnited Nations Millennium Development Goals

Purpose of the StudyPurpose of the Study Proposed MethodsProposed Methods

ParticipantsParticipants WorkshopWorkshop Principles of Community Based ResearchPrinciples of Community Based Research AssessmentAssessment

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Literature ReviewLiterature ReviewCoaching ScienceCoaching Science

Coach EducationCoach Education Coaches serve as role models to athletesCoaches serve as role models to athletes Experience is essential, and many volunteer with youth Experience is essential, and many volunteer with youth

athletesathletes Coaches are useful messengers to convey the lessons of Coaches are useful messengers to convey the lessons of

the MDGs to childrenthe MDGs to children Youth CoachingYouth Coaching

The role of the coach has developmental implicationsThe role of the coach has developmental implications The experience of the participants should be enjoyableThe experience of the participants should be enjoyable

(Lyle, 2002)(Lyle, 2002)3

Literature ReviewLiterature ReviewCoaching ScienceCoaching Science

Expected Behaviors of Youth CoachesExpected Behaviors of Youth Coaches Promotion of a healthy climate of enjoymentPromotion of a healthy climate of enjoyment Provision of positive reinforcement and encouragementProvision of positive reinforcement and encouragement Establishment of supportive norms and commitmentEstablishment of supportive norms and commitment Inclusion of athletes in team decisionsInclusion of athletes in team decisions Focus on positive coaching behaviorsFocus on positive coaching behaviors

(Bloom, 2007)(Bloom, 2007)

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Literature ReviewLiterature ReviewPositive Youth DevelopmentPositive Youth Development

Is the “engagement in prosocial behaviors and Is the “engagement in prosocial behaviors and avoidance of health-compromising and future-avoidance of health-compromising and future-jeopardizing behaviors.” (Roth et al., 1998, p. 426)jeopardizing behaviors.” (Roth et al., 1998, p. 426)

It “enables individuals to lead a healthy, satisfying, It “enables individuals to lead a healthy, satisfying, and productive life as youth, and later as adults, and productive life as youth, and later as adults, because they gain the competence to earn a living, because they gain the competence to earn a living, to engage in civic activities, to nurture others, and to engage in civic activities, to nurture others, and to participate in social relations and cultural to participate in social relations and cultural activities.” (Hamilton et al., 2004, p. 3)activities.” (Hamilton et al., 2004, p. 3)

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40 developmental assets40 developmental assets External: support, empowerment, boundaries and External: support, empowerment, boundaries and

expectations, constructive use of timeexpectations, constructive use of time Internal: commitment to learning, positive values, social Internal: commitment to learning, positive values, social

competencies, positive identitycompetencies, positive identity

(Benson, 1997)(Benson, 1997) Five ‘C’sFive ‘C’s

CompetenceCompetence CharacterCharacter ConnectionConnection

ConfidenceConfidence Caring and CompassionCaring and Compassion

(Lerner et al., 2000)(Lerner et al., 2000)6


Sport-programming model of PYDSport-programming model of PYD Consider youth’s physical, psychological, social, and Consider youth’s physical, psychological, social, and

intellectual stages of developmentintellectual stages of development Be conducted in appropriate settingBe conducted in appropriate setting Foster developmental assets in youthFoster developmental assets in youth

(Fraser-Thomas et al., 2005)(Fraser-Thomas et al., 2005) Coach education in PYD programsCoach education in PYD programs

Strong mentor-participant relationshipStrong mentor-participant relationship Emphasis on developing life-skillsEmphasis on developing life-skills

(Petitpas et al., 2007)(Petitpas et al., 2007)7

Literature ReviewLiterature ReviewUnited Nations Millennium Development GoalsUnited Nations Millennium Development Goals

Goal 1: Eradicate extreme hunger and povertyGoal 1: Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty Goal 2: Achieve universal primary educationGoal 2: Achieve universal primary education Goal 3: Promote gender equalityGoal 3: Promote gender equality Goal 4: Reduce child mortalityGoal 4: Reduce child mortality Goal 5: Improve maternal healthGoal 5: Improve maternal health Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS and other diseasesGoal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS and other diseases Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainabilityGoal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for

developmentdevelopment (UN, 2006)(UN, 2006)

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Office of Sport for Development and PeaceOffice of Sport for Development and Peace Potential contributions of sport for the MDGsPotential contributions of sport for the MDGs

(UN, 2003)(UN, 2003)

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UN Millennium Development Goals Potential contribution of sport

Goal 1: Eradicate hunger and poverty- Create employment opportunities - Provide productive life-skills

Goal 2: Achieve primary education- Promote positive values and skills- Make school more attractive

Goal 3: Promote gender equality - Build confidence and social integration

Goal 4: Reduce child mortalityGoal 5: Improve maternal health

- Provide healthy life-style- Convey important messages

Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS and other diseases

- Reach out to inaccessible populations- Assist overcoming prejudice

Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

- Encourage environment protection through outdoor sports practice

Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development

- Offer opportunities for financial agreements in sport events

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Purpose of the StudyPurpose of the Study

To develop a coach education program to To develop a coach education program to achieve some of the United Nations achieve some of the United Nations

Millennium Development Goals that mostly Millennium Development Goals that mostly apply to the participating communities through apply to the participating communities through

sport and physical activity.sport and physical activity.

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Proposed MethodsProposed Methods

Participants: Peewee-level team sport coachesParticipants: Peewee-level team sport coaches WorkshopWorkshop

Raise awareness for the UN MDGsRaise awareness for the UN MDGs Identify the UN MDGs that relate to the needs of Identify the UN MDGs that relate to the needs of

the communitythe community Build interventions from collaborative effortBuild interventions from collaborative effort

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Proposed MethodsProposed MethodsPrinciples of Community-based ResearchPrinciples of Community-based Research

Perceive community as a unit of identityPerceive community as a unit of identity Builds on resources of the communityBuilds on resources of the community Facilitate collaborative partnershipFacilitate collaborative partnership Integrates knowledge and action for mutual benefitIntegrates knowledge and action for mutual benefit Promotes co-learning and empoweringPromotes co-learning and empowering Cyclical and iterative processCyclical and iterative process Addresses positive and ecological perspectivesAddresses positive and ecological perspectives Disseminates findings and knowledgeDisseminates findings and knowledge

(Israel et al., (Israel et al., 1998)1998) 13

Proposed MethodsProposed MethodsAssessmentAssessment

Observations of interventionsObservations of interventions Open-ended interviewsOpen-ended interviews

CoachesCoaches Community membersCommunity members

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Thank you.Thank you.

William FalcãoWilliam Falcão

[email protected]

Youth Coaching Interventions To Achieve The UN MDGs Through Sport And Physical Activity: A Proposed...

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