Your Vision Lives on! - iwra.org · 0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 0,30 0,35 0,40 1960 1970 1980...
Transcript of Your Vision Lives on! - iwra.org · 0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 0,30 0,35 0,40 1960 1970 1980...
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Your Vision
Lives on!
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Localizing Water and Food Security
Building resilience in a non-stationary world
Rabi H. Mohtar
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(IPCC, 2013)
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1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Cro
pla
nd
Ac
re p
er
Ca
pita
Year
Worldwide Cropland per Capita Has Declined
More than 41% in the Last 50 Years
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0
50
100
150
200
Rice Wheat Maize Soy Beef Poultry
% In
cre
ase
in P
ric
es
20
00
-20
50
No climate change With climate change
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Global Shifts in Risks and Security
WEF Global Risk
2015 Report Top Global Risks of
highest concerns
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Resource Interconnectedness
ENERGY +80% IN 2050
FOOD +60% IN 2050
WATER +55% IN 2050
ENERGY +80% IN 2050
WATER +55% IN 2050
FOOD +60% IN 2050
WATER +55% IN 2050
WATER +55% IN 2050
ENERGY +80% IN 2050
(IRENA, 2015)
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Water-Energy-Food Nexus
Pricing, environmental quality
Energy cost Energy
Food
Water
Political
Pressure
(Mohtar, 2011)
Interlinkages Hotspots
Trade-offs
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IWRM Framework
IWRM and Nexus
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IWRM and Nexus
Hotspots
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How to Bridge
Water Gap by 2050?
Conservation
Trade
NEW Water
Green Water
Other
–
Total net blue and green virtual water export in
major exporting countries (17 crops). Average over
1998–2002 (Liu et al., 2009)
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POPULATION
GROWTH
URBANIZATION
SOIL
is at the heart of
Water and Food Security
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Structure
[Organization]
Axis II
The Structural Representative
Elementary Volume (SREV)
+ - -
+ Evolution
Hydro-structural Properties
Axis I
Axis III
SREV
W=Mwater
/Msolids
VS = SREV / M
s
Water content
(kg/kg)
Specific
volume
(dm3/kg)
Continuity equation
[SREV]
Pedostructure, Horizon,Pedon,
Soil appi g u it…
REV
=Vwater
/REV
(m3/m3)
Reference?
Structural mass..
[Braudeau and Mohtar, 2009]
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Soil Structure Hierarchical Scaling
Primary
soil mappin
g unit Soil
type Primary soil
mapping
unit
Inter-ped
pore space
Clay pore space
Pedostructure
Primary ped
Primary
peds
Clay
particles
Horizon
Mineral
grains
Geomorphological
unit
CHALLENGE:
Crossing Scales
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Challenge: Coupling Soil Bio-geo-chemical and
Physical Models within the Organized Soil System
Spatially Distributed Soil
Maping Unit
Soil Mapping Unit
Three fundamental questions: 1. Typology representing the system?
2. Model used for these couplings?
3. The thermodynamic conditions for
this biophysical system?
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1. The Nexus platform builds on the IWRM and
invites other disciplines into water security
debate. It has the potential for achieving
integrated water, energy and food security.
2. There is a need for Quantitative approaches to
study the long term impact of any agro-
environmental practices on soil functioning.
3. Valuing Water and energy resources are vital
to the sustainability of food production system.
4. Green Water Revolution is needed for water
and food security resilience.
Concluding Remarks
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Rabi H. Mohtar TEES Endowed Professor,
Biol. Agri. Engr. and Civil Engr. Texas A&M University
Erik F. Braudeau Adj. Prof., Texas A&M
Hon. Scientist, Inst. Research & Devlpt. (IRD), France
Amjad Assi, Ph.D.
Research Associate
Texas A&M University
WEF Nexus Research Team
John Blake
M.Sc. Student
Adnan Degirmencioglu Visiting Scholar, Texas A&M Professor, Agr. Engr. Tech.,
Ege University, Turkey
Sang-Hyun Lee, Ph.D. Visiting Scholar, Texas
A&M Seoul, Korea
Hamid Shafiezadeh Ph.D. Student
Sonja Loy Undergraduate
Mary Schweitzer Program Manager
Martin Keulertz, Ph.D.
Research Associate
Bassel Daher, MSE
Research Associate
Texas A&M University
Tololupe Omotoso Ph.D. Student
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Thank You