Health & Medicine 493

As seen in Chapter 11, line-angle drawings are often used to represent the struc-tural formulas for large molecules. In these illustrations, the hydrogen atoms are omit-ted for clarity; hence, it is important to remember that each carbon atom has four bonds, sharing a total of eight electrons. Table 12.2 shows various ways to represent n-butane, iso-butane, and two other simple molecules.

C C HCH

H H H H

CHH HH

C CCH H

H H H H

HCH H

H

Structural formula Ball-and-stick formula Space-filling model

Figure 12.7Three representations of the isomers of n-butane (top) and iso-butane (bottom).

Table 12.2 Molecular Representations

CompoundChemical Formula Structural Formula Line-Angle Drawing

n-butane C4H10

C C HCH

H H H H

CHH HH

iso-butane C4H10

C CCH H

H H H H

H HCHH

n-hexane C6H14

H H

CCC

CH

H H

HH

HCC

H H

HHHH

cyclohexane C6H12

C CC

HH

HH

HH

H

HH

H H

HC

C C

Your Turn 12.11 Skill Building Practice with Line-Angle Drawings

Revisit the compounds in the Your Turn 12.10. For all three, draw line-angle

representations.

acs38146_ch12_482-521.indd 493 11/24/16 8:38 PM