Your Role in Risk Assessment
Transcript of Your Role in Risk Assessment
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Jaime Limaime LimSpecialist (Risk Management)
Occupational Safety and Health Division
27 September 2006
Your Role inYour Role in
RiskRisk
AssessmentAssessment
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Outline
Workplace Safety and Health (RiskManagement) Regulations 2006
RM Regs
Risk Assessment Guidelines
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Workplace Safety and Health (RiskWorkplace Safety and Health (Risk
Management) RegulationsManagement) Regulations20062006
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Some Basics
8 regulations in RM Regs
Further divided into subsections ( )
1. Citation and commencement
1st Sept 2006
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2. Definitions
Hazard
Anything with potential to cause bodilyinjury
Includes any physical, chemical,
biological, mechanical, electrical orergonomic hazard
Risk Likelihood a hazard will cause specific
bodily injury to any person
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2. Definitions
Risk Assessment
Process of evaluating probability & consequences of
injury/illness
arising from exposure to identified hazard&
determining appropriate measures for
risk control
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3. Risk Assessment
Risk assessment to be conducted inevery workplace by
employer or
self employed person or
principal
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4. Elimination and control of risk
(1) Take all reasonably practical steps toeliminate any foreseeable risks
(2) If not possible then:
Minimise risk &
Adopt SWPs
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Regulation 4 (3)
ELIMINATIONELIMINATION
SUBSTITUTIONSUBSTITUTION
ENGINEERINGENGINEERING
CONTROLSCONTROLS
ADMINISTRATIVEADMINISTRATIVE
PPEPPESafe
Worker
SafeDesign
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4. Elimination and control of risk
(4)Roles & responsibilities to implement
controls must be clearly specified
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5. Records of risk assessment
(1a) Maintain record of riskassessments conducted & controlsimplemented
(1b) Records to be submitted toCommissioner when required
(2) Records must be kept for at least 3years
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6. Provision of information
(1) Every persons exposed to the risksmust be informed of:
Nature of risks
Controls or SWPs implemented
(2) Provide updates whenever
Risk assessment is revised
Controls or SWPs are changed
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7. Review of risk assessment
Review &, if necessary, revise riskassessment
At least once every 3 years
Upon injuries
Where there are significant changes inwork practices / procedures
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8. Offences
Contraventions to the above cancause liabilities:
Max S$10,000 (First offence)
Max S$20,000 or max 6 months
imprisonment or both (Second offenceonwards)
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MOMMOMss
Risk Assessment GuidelinesRisk Assessment Guidelines
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What is Risk?
Determining likelihood that peoplemay be exposed to
Injury, illness or disease
arising from any situation identified
during hazard identification
Risk = f (Likelihood, Severity)
Regs definition: Likelihood a hazard will cause
specify bodily injury to any person
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What is Risk Assessment?
A tool to
Identify OSH hazards
Evaluate risk
Prioritise measures / actions
Process of
evaluating probability & consequences of
injury/illness arising from exposure to identified hazard &
determining appropriate measures for risk
control
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Types of Risk Assessment
Quantitative
QRA
Qualitative
Risk Matrix
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Why Risk Assessment?
Reduce significant # serious accidents
Protect Safety & Health of employees
Legal obligation
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How to Assess Risk?
CONTROLCONTROLFix itFix it
EVALUATEEVALUATEAssess itAssess it
IDENTIFYIDENTIFYFind itFind it
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Find it
Hazard Identification
What can happen, why & how
Approach
Trade basedActivity based
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Find it: Hazard Types
Physical
Working at height; Moving vehicle;Pressurised systems; Noise; ManualLifting
Chemical Solvents, Asbestos, Cadmium, Welding
fumes
Biological Legionella, HIV, Fungi
Machine
- Injury
Chemicals -
Health problem
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Find it: Hazard Identification
Consider
Tasks
Location
Divide tasks into sequential steps Preparation Operation Recovery
Maintenance
Electricity -
Burns
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Assess it
Risk Evaluation
Determining risk level
Risk = f (Likelihood, Severity)
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Assess it: Likelihood
Analyse LIKELIHOOD Usually underestimated
Consider existing controls
Work conditions & procedures
Common or repeating occurrenceFrequent
Possible or known to occurOccasional
Not likely to occurRemote
DescriptionLikelihood
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Assess it: Severity
Be realistic
# people affected Individuals at risk
Injury requiring medical treatment or ill-health leading to
disability
includes lacerations, burns, sprains, minor fractures, dermatitis,deafness, work-related upper limb disorders
Moderate
No injury, injury or ill -health requiring first aid treatment onlyincludes minor cuts & bruises, irritation, ill-health with temporarydiscomfort
Minor
DescriptionSeverity
Fatal, serious injury or life-threatening occupational disease
includes amputations, major fractures, multiple injuries, occupationalcancer & acute poisoning & fatal diseases
Major
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Assess it: MOM Risk Matrix
Medium riskLow riskLow riskMinor
High riskMedium riskLow riskModerate
High riskHigh riskMedium riskMajor
FrequentOccasionalRemote
Likelihood
Severity
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Assess it: Risk Level
Carry out careful hazard evaluation to ensure risk levelis reduced to as low are reasonably possible within adefined time period.
Interim risk control measures, such as admin controls,may be implemented.
Management attention is required.
ModeratelyacceptableMediumRisk
No additional risk control measures may be needed.
May need frequent review to ensure risk level is
accurate & does not increase over time.Acceptable
Low
Risk
Recommended actionsRisk
acceptability
Risk
Level
High Risk level must be reduced to min. Medium Riskbefore work commences.There should be no interim risk control measuresRisk controls not be too dependent on PPE.Hazard should be eliminated before work commences.
Immediate management intervention is required beforework commences.
Not
acceptable
High
Risk
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Fix it
Risk Control
Reasonably practicable measures toeliminate or reduce risks
Engineering controlsEngineering controls
e.ge.g machine guarding,machine guarding,
noise enclosurenoise enclosure
Administrative controlAdministrative control
e.ge.g SWPsSWPs
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Fix it: Hierarchy of Control
SUBSTITUTIONSUBSTITUTION
ENGINEERINGENGINEERING
CONTROLSCONTROLS
ELIMINATIONELIMINATION
ADMINISTRATIVEADMINISTRATIVE
SafeDesign
SafeWorkerPPEPPE
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Safe Design
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Safe Worker
Variation in perception of risks
Supervision required
SWPs
Warning signs
PPE
Personal protectivePersonal protective
equipmentequipment
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Depth of Assessment
How much to assess?
Must sufficiently address allforeseeable risk
Customised to suit your work
processes
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MOM Risk Assessment Method
PlantManager(Dec
2006)
Provideenclosure ofstamping
work station
MedRe-mote
Mode-rate
Conductregularmaintenance
programme ofmachine
Displaywarning signs
Implementhearing
conservationprogramme
Noiseinduceddeafness
Excessivenoise
PlantManager(Imme-diate)
Providephoto-electricsensor/double handcontrol
HighOccasional
Mode-rate
Conductregularmaintenance ofexistinginterlockingdevices
Ampu-tation,perma-nentdisability
Caught inbetweenobjects
Stampingoperation
6
Action
Officer
(Follow-update)
Risk Control
Measure
Risk
LevelLLHSEV
Existing Risk
Control
Possible
Accident /
Ill Health &
Persons-
at-Risk
HazardActivi ty#
Risk ControlRisk EvaluationHazard Identification
Find itFind it Assess itAssess it Fix itFix it
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Key Outcomes
Assess & evaluate risks
Implement Risk Controls
Inform persons-at-risk
Implement effective SWPs
Regular review
!! No fixed template required !!
Form risk assessment team
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Preparation
Work
HazardHazard
IdentificationIdentification
RiskRisk
EvaluationEvaluation
Risk ControlRisk Control
Form risk assessment team
Gather relevant information
Identify existing control
measures
Evaluate severity of the
hazard & type of
accident/incident
Determine likelihood ofoccurrenceDetermine additionalcontrol measures required
to reduce the riskAssess risk level based on
severity & likelihood
Identify task for each
process
Identi fy hazards associatedwith the activity of each
process & the type of
potential
accidents/incidents
Assign action officer &
follow-up date
Management to approve &
endorse risk assessment
Record keeping
Implementation
& regular review
Audit to ensure control
measures are in place &
working
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Put simply
HazardHazardIdentificationIdentification
RiskRiskControlControl
Implement &Implement &Regular ReviewRegular Review
RiskRiskEvaluationEvaluation
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http://www.mom.gov.sg/OSHD/Resources/Guides
/Guidelines/index.htm
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RMAF
Risk Management Assistance Fund
$5 mil Fund to help SMEs defray costof engaging consultants
to conduct risk assessments
to build in-house capability co-fund up to 70% of consultancy cost
cap of $7,500
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RMAF Eligibility
Workplaces covered under WSHA 1stSchedule with 100 or less employees(including administrative and managerial staff)
Not have received any funding for riskassessment previously.
Min 2 managerial or supervisory staffswho have attended a recognised Risk
Management course conducted by anAccredited Training Provider.
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RMAF: How to apply?
Approach any 1 of 7 RMAF Agents
Association of Singapore Marine Industries
EDC@ASME EDC@SCCCI
EDC@SMA
Singapore Business Federation Singapore Contractors Association Limited
Singapore National Employers Federation
http://www.mom.gov.sg/OSHD/EventsAwardsNIncentives/Risk+Management+Assistance+Fund.htm
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http://www.mom.gov.sg/oshd