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Transcript of Your Quest for God - Hope for Today - The Bible Teaching ... (Burmese) - Your Quest f… · Your...
Your Quest for God
(Myanmar)
Richard A. Bennett
www.ccim-media.com/resources
(1)
rmwdum
pum;csD; 4
ed'gef; 6
tcef; - 1tcef; - 1tcef; - 1tcef; - 1tcef; - 1
bk&m;ociftrSefwu,f&Sdygovm; 10
tcef; - 2tcef; - 2tcef; - 2tcef; - 2tcef; - 2
,Hkavmufaom 0dnmOfawmf\vrf;jyrIudk 20
oif&&SdNyDvm;
tcef; - 3tcef; - 3tcef; - 3tcef; - 3tcef; - 3
bk&m;ocif\toGiftjyifrnfokdY &dSoenf; 38
tcef; - 4tcef; - 4tcef; - 4tcef; - 4tcef; - 4
vlrsm;udk rnfonfht&mu ydkif;jcm;xm;ygoenf; 50
tcef; - 5tcef; - 5tcef; - 5tcef; - 5tcef; - 5
jyóemtppftrSefonf tb,ft&menf; 66
tcef; - 6tcef; - 6tcef; - 6tcef; - 6tcef; - 6
rnfonfhtaMumif;aMumifh 77
vltrsm; vrf;vGJvdkufcJh&ygovJ
tcef; - 7tcef; - 7tcef; - 7tcef; - 7tcef; - 7
bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyftm; trSefwu,fcspfygovm; 92
bk&m;ocif
azGwrf;wvsuf&Sdaom&Sm
oif
(2)
pum;csD;
uRefawmhtaeeJY ]oif &SmazGwrf;wvsuf&Sdaom bk&m;ocif}
udk vIdufvIdufvSJvSJaxmufcH&jcif;u tcsufESpfcsuf&Sdygw,f/
yxrtcsufu uRefawmf[m pma&;oleJY &if;ESD;olwpfOD;jzpfcJh
w,f/
“ig\om;orD;wdkYonf or®mw&m;ü usifvnfonfudk igMum;ig\om;orD;wdkYonf or®mw&m;ü usifvnfonfudk igMum;ig\om;orD;wdkYonf or®mw&m;ü usifvnfonfudk igMum;ig\om;orD;wdkYonf or®mw&m;ü usifvnfonfudk igMum;ig\om;orD;wdkYonf or®mw&m;ü usifvnfonfudk igMum;
í 0rf;ajrmufjcif;xuf omí0rf;ajrmufjcif;r&S dí 0rf;ajrmufjcif;xuf omí0rf;ajrmufjcif;r&S dí 0rf;ajrmufjcif;xuf omí0rf;ajrmufjcif;r&S dí 0rf;ajrmufjcif;xuf omí0rf;ajrmufjcif;r&S dí 0rf;ajrmufjcif;xuf omí0rf;ajrmufjcif;r&S d”
3a,m 4
'kwd,uawmh a'gufwm&pfcswfbm;ewfu “vlom;wpfOD; [m
bk&m;ocifeJY &if;ESD;pGm ,HkMunfqufqHrI&,lEdkifzdkY tvdktyfqHk; jzpf
w,f” qkdwmudk *CPeaoaocsmcsm tusOf;csKH;NyD; jynfhpHkatmif
a&;om;az:jyEkdifjcif;aMumifhygyJ/
or®musrf;pmu vlom;wdkY cH,lEdkifzdkY....
teEÅumvudk vlom;wdkY ESvHk;om;xJrSm xnfhoGif;xm;NyD;jzpf
vdkY tcsdefumveJY ywfoufwJh t&mcyfodrf;[m vlom;wdkYtzdkY
xm0&jynfhpHkwJh a&mifh&JrIudk b,fawmhrS ay;pGrf;EdkifpGrf;&SdrSm r[kwf
vdkY bk&m;ocifom jznhfpGufEdkifrJh [muGufjzpfaeygw,f/
4
tcef; - 8tcef; - 8tcef; - 8tcef; - 8tcef; - 8
touf\t&if;jrpfum; tb,frSmenf; 124
tcef; - 9tcef; - 9tcef; - 9tcef; - 9tcef; - 9
uRefawmfhtaeeJY bk&m;ocif&JUrdom;pk0ifwpfOD; 142
b,fvdkjzpfvmEdkifygovJ
tcef; - 10tcef; - 10tcef; - 10tcef; - 10tcef; - 10
aemufbmvmOD;rvJ 156
(3)
ed'gef;
uREfkyfESifh ZeD;onf a':&oDwdkY\ ajrmufjrm;vSpGm aom b0c&D;
pOftwGif; rdwfaqGrsm;pGmESifh BuHKawGUcJh&ygonf/ xkdrdwfaqGrsm;
onf ,Ofaus;rItaxGaxG? pD;yGm;a&;tajccH t00? ynmA[kokw
toG,foG,fwdkYESifh jynfhpHkolrsm;jzpfMuonf/
uREkfyfwdkYtaejzifh ,ckuJhodkY BuHKawGUcJh&onfrSm omrmef[lí
r,lqyg/ xkdtwl þpmtkyf oifhvuf0,fa&muf&Sdaejcif;onf
rawmfwqjzpf&yfr[kwfyg/
ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtwGif; awGUqHkcJh&aom rdwfaqGrsm;ESifh tav;
xm;um aqG;aEG;cJhMuonfhtcsufrsm;onf bk&m;ocifudk wrf;w
&SmazGrItay:üom tajcjyKygonf/ þodkY rdwfaqGrsm;ESifh awGUqHk
aqG;aEG;jcif;rS &&Sdaomtcsufrsm;onf ,ckoifzwf½Iaeaom
pmtkyfxJwGif yg0ifygonf/
yxrqHk; xkwfa0onfh ]oif wrf;w&SmazGaeaom bk&m;ocif}
ESifhtwl aemufxyfESpfBudrfjyifqifxkwfa0cJhonfh pmtkyfrsm;onf
uREfkyfwdkY\ udk,fwdkifaus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;jzifh pDrHxkwfa0cJhjcif;
jzpfygonf/
uREkfyfwkdY\ 25 ESpfajrmuf xdrf;jrm;r*FvmaeY eD;uyfvmcsdef
wGif bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfudk rnfodkYazmfjy&vQif oifhawmf
olawmfpifBuD; Mo*wfpwif;u....
“tdk xm0&bk&m;ocif udk,fawmfonf vlom;wdkYtm; udk,f
awmhftwGuf zefqif;jcif;jzpfí uREkfyfwdkY\ 0dnmOfonf udk,fawmf
ESifh qufoG,frI r&&dSorQumvywfvHk; rem;rae ½kef;uefae&yg
rnf” [k qdkcJhwJhtwdkif; 'Dpmtkyfu uRefawmfwdkY bk&m;ocifudk
&SmazG&mrSm xm0&bk&m;eJY &Sifoefaomudk,fwdkifqufqHrI&&SdzkdY b,f
enf;b,fyHk vkyfaqmif&r,fqdkwmudk ulnDvrf;ñTefygw,f/
'Dpmtkyfudk zwfolwdkif; pmrsufESmawGrSmygwJh tcsufawGudk
tav;xm;? wduspGmvdkufemNyD; udk,fawmf&JU*kPfawmfudk xGef;vif;
apum rdrdwdkYtwGuf xm0&aumif;usKd; &&SdEdkifMuygapvdkY uRefawmf
tav;teuf qkawmif;ygw,f/
a'gufwmpwDAiftufzfatmfv\zdkY'f
rJrfzpf? wifeufp D
65
(4)
rnfenf;[laom ar;cGef;udk pOf;pm;rdygonf/ 25 ESpf tdrfaxmif
oufudk &nfpl;vsuf 25000 aom vlom;wkdYtwGuf arQmfvifh
csufESifh Nidrf;csrf;om,mrI ay;Edkifrnfhoifcef;pmrsm;udk a&;om;yHk
ESdyfa0iSrnf[k qHk;jzwfvkdufygonf/ þtwdkifqdkvQif pmtkyfa&
25000 udk xkwfa0vSL'gef;&ygrnf/
bk&m;ocifaumif;BuD;ay;ojzifh þpmtkyfi,fonf urÇm
w0ef;EdkifiHaygifpHkrS vlwkdYxH a&muf&Sdygap[k qkawmif;ygonf/ þ
pmtkyfudk zwfí NyD;jynfhpHkaomtoufwmwpfckudk ajymif;vJ&&Sd
oGm;olwdkY\ cHpm;rItjynhftpHkudk az:jya&;om;xm;onfh wHkYjyef
pmrsm;udk vufcH&&Sdaomtcg uREkfyfwdkYonf twdkif;rod0rf;ajrmuf
rIudk cHpm;&ygonf/
xkdrsm;jym;vSpGmaom wHkYjyefpmwdkYwGif þpmtkyfudk bmom
pum;aygif;pHkodkY jyefqdk&efjzpfygonf/ onftaMumif;udk trSDjyKí
uREkfyfwdkY yxrqHk;tBudrfxkwfa0vdkufaom pmtkyftwGuf urÇm
ay:&Sd wdkufBuD;rsm;rS vlwkdY\ ulnDrIudk &,lvdkaMumif; qkawmif;
ygonf/ qkawmif;jcif;\ &v'frSm bmomaygif; 30 txd jyefqdk
NyD;aom ESpfoef;ausmfrQaom pmtkyfi,frsm; eD;a0;rcsef vSL'gef;
a0iScGifh&cJhjcif;yifjzpfonf/
,ck 'kwd,tBudrf rGrf;rHjyifqifxkwfa0jcif;udkvnf; yxrt
BudrfuJhodkYyif atmifjrifrI&&ef qkawmif;ygonf/ þodkY 'kwd,t
Budrfxkwfa0&mwGif yxrtBudrfu rygcJhaom pum;pkpum;ydk'f
rsm;xnfhoGif;xm;ygonf/
yxr ESpfcef;onf vlwdkif;twGufjzpfcsifrS jzpfayrnf/ tcef;
1 rSm xm0&bk&m; {uefrkcs&Sdaejcif;udk ar;cGef;xkwfvdkolrsm;
twGufjzpfonf/ tcef; 2 rSm t&m&mudk pl;prf;ar;jref;wwfol
rsm;twGuf &nf&G,fjim;aomfvnf; trSefwu,frSmrl zwf½Iolwdkif;
twGuf y"meusaom tcef;wpfckjzpfygonf/ tb,faMumifhqdk
aomf zwf½Iolwdkif;tzdkY rdrd\ ,HkMunfrIESifh &yfwnfcsuftjrifo
abmxm;udk qef;ppfEdkifaom tcef;jzpfygonf/
þaz:jycJhaomtcef;rSm t"du&nfrSef;csufjzpfaom “oif
wrf;w&SmazGvsuf&Sdaom bk&mocif”ESifhywfoufí vdktyfaom
tcsufrsm;udk wnfaqmufxm;jcif;ESif h h usefodaptyfaom
taMumif;tcsufwdkYudk taxmuftuljyKrnfjzpfygonf/ tcef; 3
rS 10 txd yg&Sdaom y"meusonfh opömw&m;rsm;rSm oif\ wrf;
wcsufudk NyD;jynfhpHkaprnfjzpfygonf/ þtaMumif;rsm;aMumifh uREkfyf
onf 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;ompGmjzifh 'kwd,tBuddrfxkwfa0aompmtkyf
udk udk,fawmf\ vufawmfjzifh xdawGUí aumif;BuD;ay;ygrnft
aMumif; qkawmif;yw¬emjyKygonf/
uREkfyfESifh a':&oDESpfOD;pvHk;wdkY\ qErSm udk,fawmf\ aus;Zl;
awmfaMumifh &&SdcJhonfh vltrsm;\cspfjcif;arwåmqkawmif; yw¬em
wkdYESifh cHpm;xdawGUcJhaom rsm;jym;vSonfh rdwfaqGrsm;\ udk,fawGU
a0iScsufrsm;udk rSwfwrf;wiftyfygonf/ wpfOD;csif;udk jyefMum;&
rnfrSm cufcJvSonfjzpfí uREkfyfwdkYZeD;armifESHtaejzifh wpfOD;csif;
udk txl;aus;Zl;wif&SdygaMumif; þed'gef;jzifh az:jytyfygonf/
87
(5)
blrdaA'onf urÇmajrBuD;\ udk,fa&;twåKywådjzpfaomfjim;vnf;blrdaA'onf urÇmajrBuD;\ udk,fa&;twåKywådjzpfaomfjim;vnf;blrdaA'onf urÇmajrBuD;\ udk,fa&;twåKywådjzpfaomfjim;vnf;blrdaA'onf urÇmajrBuD;\ udk,fa&;twåKywådjzpfaomfjim;vnf;blrdaA'onf urÇmajrBuD;\ udk,fa&;twåKywådjzpfaomfjim;vnf;
tjcm;aom twåKywådrsm;uJhodk Y tpudk jyefroGm;aom twåKywåd jzpf\/tjcm;aom twåKywådrsm;uJhodk Y tpudk jyefroGm;aom twåKywåd jzpf\/tjcm;aom twåKywådrsm;uJhodk Y tpudk jyefroGm;aom twåKywåd jzpf\/tjcm;aom twåKywådrsm;uJhodk Y tpudk jyefroGm;aom twåKywåd jzpf\/tjcm;aom twåKywådrsm;uJhodk Y tpudk jyefroGm;aom twåKywåd jzpf\/
qm? csmvf;vdkifvfqm? csmvf;vdkifvfqm? csmvf;vdkifvfqm? csmvf;vdkifvfqm? csmvf;vdkifvf
10
vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufonf b0c&D;pOftwGif; wpfBudrf wpfcg
wGif evHrxlEdkifatmif tbufbufrS tqdk;0g;qHk; tajctaewGif
edrfhusaepOf bk&m;ocif\ arwåmawmfudk oHo,jzpfEdkifonfom
ru bk&m;ocif wu,faum&Sd&JUvm;[laom ar;cGef;udkyif xkwfrd
ayrnf/ or®musrf;pmwGif bk&m;ocif&Sdaejcif;udk a&vnfatmif
&Sif;vif;azmfjyxm;jcif;r&Sdyg/ xkdenf;wl om"utaejzihf azmfjy
xm;jcif;vnf; r&Sdyg/
“tptOD;ü bk&m;ocifonf aumif;uifESif h ajrBuD;udk
zefqif;awmfrl\” (u 1;1)
[laom yxrqHk;pmaMumif;omyg&Sd\/ xdkodkY bk&m;ocifuom
zefqif;Edkifaom þpMu0Vmwnf&Sdaejcif;onf bk&m; &SdaeaMumif;
udk txda&mufqHk;azmfjyoufaocHvsuf&Sdaeonf/
vGefcJhaomESpfrsm;u uREkfyf\ ZeD;onfonf tBuD;wef;olemjyK
q&mrwpfOD;tjzpf Oa&mywdkuf&Sd emrnfBuD; pdwfa&m*gukaq;½Hk
wGif tvkyfvkyfcJhzl;ygonf/ wpfcsdefwGif zefqif;&Sifr&Sd[k a<u;ausmf
vsuf&Sdonfh emrnfBuD;txl;ukorm;awmfwpfOD;u a':&oD\
,HkMunfrIudk ar;cGef;xkwfvmygonf/ þwGif a':&oDu
tcef; 1tcef; 1tcef; 1tcef; 1tcef; 1
9
bk&m;ocif trSefwu,f&Sdygovm;
(6)
“q&mhudk usrtaeeJY aq;ynm&yfeJYywfoufNyD; txl;av;
pm;ygw,fq&m? 'ghtjyif xifay: ausmfMum;wJh wuúodkvfuxdu
wpfOD;taeeJYvnf; txl;av;pm;ygw,f? 'gayrJh usrtaeeJY q&m
cGifhjyKr,fqdk&if tMuHjyKcsifwmuawmh zefqif;&Sif&Sdw,fr&Sdbl;
qdkwmudk a<u;ausmfaerJhtpm; or®musrf;pmtkyfudk q&m aq;ynm
bufrSm pdwf0ifwpm;okawoevkyfovdk zwf½Iavhvmyg”[k ajym
cJhygonf/ xkdYaemuf a':&oDu orm;awmfBuD;tm; EdI;aqmfowday;
vdkufyHkrSm rMumcifu emwm&Snfaq;cef;wGif;&Sd orm;awmfBuD;\
vlemtcsKdUxJrS wpfa,mufpESpfa,mufpwdkY\ trnfrsm;udk azmfjy
NyD; olwkdYcHpm;ae&aom a0'emrsm;rS tHhMop&maumif;avmuf
atmif aeaumif;oGm;Mujcif;rSm bk&m;ocif\ wefcdk;awmfaMumifh
jzpfaMumif; axmufjyvdkufygonf/ xdkrQru xdkolwdkYonf ,cktcsdef
wGif olwdkYtwGuf tusKd;jzpfxGef;aom b0c&D;vrf;wGif bk&m;ocif
ESihfudk,fwdkif oduRrf;cJh&NyD;ygNyD[k ajymqdkvdkufygao;onf/
xdkvlemrsm;tm; aemufqHk;ay: aq;0g;rsm;udk toHk;jyKNyD; uko
ay;aomfvnf; rnfodkYrQ tajctaexl;jcm;rvm/ ,ck olwdkY\
a&m*grsm; ,lypfvdkufovdk aysmufuif;oGm;&onfudk orm;awmf
BuD; wwf? od? em;vnf? uRrf;usifvSNyD; *kPf,laeaom ynmu
tajzray;Edkif/ þonfudk pOf;pm;rdNyD; bk&m;ocif&Sdaejcif;udk
r,HkMunfyg[kqdkaom orm;awmfBuD;onf a':&oDudk olUtwGuf
bk&m;ocifxH qkawmif;ay;&ef ajymvmygawmhonf/
aemuf&ufowåckESpfywfwdkifwkdif or®musrf;pmudk aocsmpGm
avhvmNyD; orm;awmfBuD;u a':&oDtm; olonf ,cifuuJhodkY
bk&m;rJh0g'DwpfOD; r[kwfawmhaMumif; 0efcHajymqdkvmygawmhonf/
odkY&mwGif jyóemwpfck&SdaeonfrSm bk&m;trSefwu,f&SdaMumif;
1211
0efcH&eftwGuf ol\edpö"l0jyKrlvkyfudkifjcif; t00wdkYudk ajymif;vJ
ypf&rnf[k qdkygonf/ “uREfkyf&JUjyóemu ynm&yfeJY rqdkifawmh
bJ bk&m;&SdaMumif;udk cH,ljcif;jzifh jyKjyifajymif;vJ&r,fh t&mrsm;udk
jyKvkyfzdkY cJ,Of;aeygw,f” [k ajymygonf/
uREkfyfwdkY 10 ESpfwmrQ orm;awmfBuD;twGuf qkawmif;ay;NyD;
oumv olUxHrS pmwpfapmifudk &&SdcJhygonf/ xdkpmxJwGif ol\
topf&&Sdvmaom ,HkMunfrIESifh bk&m;ocifxH 0efcHuwdjyKNyD;jzpf
aMumif; yg&Sdygonf/ uREkfyfwkdYtaeESifhtxl;yif 0rf;om&ygonf/
odkYaomf rtHhMoMu/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf ....
“,HkMunfjcif;onf Mum;emjcif;tm;jzifhjzpf\/ Mum;emjcif;onf
vnf; bk&m;ocif\pum;awmftm;jzifhjzpf\/”(a&mr 10;17)
wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; ulnD½dkif;yif;í bk&m;ocifudk odapjcif;twGuf
bk&m;ocifu uREkfyfwdkY\ pdwfwGif;ü bk&m;ocif&Sdaejcif;udk pGJNrJ
wnf&Sdaeap&ef jyKjyifay;xm;rIaMumifhjzpfygonf/ þurÇmajrBuD;
ay:wGif bk&m;ocif&SdawmfrlaMumif;udk rcH,lvdkolrsm;&SdEdkifaomf
vnf; bk&m;ocifudk r,HkMunfol[lí r&SdEdkifay/
½kyf0wåKvTrf;rdk;vsuf&Sdaom þurÇmavmuBuD;wGif bk&m;ocif
onf rdfrd\&SdaerIudk om"utajrmuftjrm;jzifhf jyovsuf&Sdonf/
20 &mpktwGif; avmu"mwfodyÜHynmzGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrI\ &v'f
aMumifh pMu0VmBuD;\vQKdU0Sufcsufrsm;udk ydkrdkodvmonfESifhtrQ
zefqif;&Sifr&SdbJ þt&mrsm; rnfodkYrQ jzpfrvmEdkifaMumif;udk jiif;
csufxkwf&efrSmvnf; ydkícJ,Of;vmayonf/ wDxGifolrsm;? odyÜH
ynm&SSifrsm;? ocsFmynm&Sifrsm;\ pGrf;aqmifrIrsm;aMumifh tmumo
vGef;ysH,mOfwpfpif; tmumowGif; ysHoef;0ifa&mufNyD;? urÇmudk
ywfum owfrSwfxm;aomtcsdef? owfrSwfxm;aomae&mwGif
(7)
jyefvnf qif;oufvmjcif;rSm ed,mrw&m;aMumifhomjzpfonfudk
vlwdkif; vufcHxm;NyD;jzpfonf/ ae0ifaexGuf? &moDOwk? tmum
owGif;&Sd Mu,fpkrsm;? qGJiifrIpGrf;tm;ESifh tPkjrLtp&SdonfwkdYudk
vnf; aumif;? vlom;wdkY\cspfjcif;arwåmponfwdkY þpMu0VmwGif;
wnf&Sdaejcif;onfvnf;aumif; zefqif;&Sif\&nf&G,fcsufESifh
wDxGifrIrsm;aMumifhom jzpfayonf/
tmumowGif;BuD;rm;aom aygufuGJrIBuD;(“the big bang”)
aMumifh tpDtpOfuseNyD; NyD;jynfhpHkaom þpMu0VmBuD;jzpfay:vm
cJhonf[laom t,ltqudk vufcHzdkY vG,fuloavmuf bk&m;&Sif
tay: ,HkMunf&ef cufcJonf[k qdkEdkifygonf/ trSefrSm zefqif;&Sif
uom ,ckuJhodkY NyD;jynfhpHkaom pMu0VmBuD;udk zefqif;Edkifrnfjzpf
ygonf/
wpfcsdefu bk&m;rJh0g'Dudk tajccHxm;vsuf ½kyf0wåKom t"du
[k ,lqxm;onfh odyÜHynmbufwGif xdyfwef;a&mufEdkifiHwpfckrS
tpdk;&u pMu0VmBuD;onf wdusrSefuefaomed,mrtay: wnf
aqmufxm;onfukd ,HkMunfonf/ xdkYaMumifh vlom;wdkYygaom
N*dKvfwkudk vTwfwifonfhtcgwdkif; tmumool&Jaumif;rsm;
ab;roD&efrcbJ urÇmajray:odkY jyefvnfa&muf&Sdjcif;jzpfaMumif;
0efcHavh&Sdygonf/ þae&mwGif ar;cGef;wpfckay:vmonfrSm ,ckuJh
odkY avmu"mwfynmwGif txGwftxdyfa&mufaeonfh yk*¾dKvfrsm;
taejzifh pMu0VmBuD;\ wdusrSefuefaom ed,mrw&m;ESifh wnf
aqmufxm;onfudk cH,lxm;Muaomfvnf; þed,mrudk jyKxm;
aom wkEdkif;rrDEdkifonfh pDrHonfht&Sif bk&m;ocif&dSaejcif;udk
tb,faMumifh rcH,lEdkifoenf;/
xkdYtjyif vlom;wdkif;odNyD;jzpfonfh &Sd&SdorQudk ysufpD;jymus
1413
oGm;apEdkifonfh tPkjrLtvHk;aygif; uka#aygif;ig;aomif; (5,000
00,000,000) ESifh nDrQaom pGrf;tifudk xkwfay;vsuf vlom;wkdY
ukdk tusKd;jyKaeaom ae\pGrf;tif? pMu0VmBuD;xJ&Sd urÇm? Mu,fpk
xufBuD;rm;aom pGrf;tifudk xkwfay;vsuf&Sdaom aersm;ESifh uREkfyf
wdkY\ rsufjrifMu,fpkESifh EdIif;pmygu taxmiftaomif;ru tao;
tBuD;rSpí rnffa&GUrnfrQ &Sdaernfudk rodEdkifao;ay/ ,aeYacwf
odyÜHynm&Sifrsm;? eu©wfynm&Sifrsm;tqdkt& uREkfyfwdkY\ aexuf
pGrf;tifBuD;rm;aom aersm;? tjcm;tjcm;aom Mu,fpkrsm;wGif &Sd
aeOD;rnf[k qdkxm;ygonf/ rnfol\ pDrHzefqif;xm;csufaMumifh
þtwkdif;rod us,fjyefYqef;jym;aom Mu,fpkBuD;rsm; wnf&Sdaeyg
oenf;[laom ar;cGef;udkrl pm½Iolom ajzEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/
trSefpifppf uREkfyfwdkYtm; tEdIif;tqr&Sdaom jyifqifrI? twdkif;
rodaom pGrf;tifESifh NyD;jynfhpHkaom ed,mrw&m;wdkYudk zefqif;jzefY
a0ay;aom bk&m;ocifjzpfaMumif; or®musrf;pmwGif atmufyg
twdkif; zGifhqdkxm;ygonf/
“rdk;aumif;uifonfvnf; bk&m;ocif\ bkef;toa&udk Mum;
ajymí? rdk;rsufESmMuufonf vufawmfESifhvkyfaomt&mrsm;udk
jyo\/ wpfaeYudkwpfaeY >rufqdkí wpfnudkwpfn oGefoif
\/ EIwf>rufjcif;? pum;ajymjcif;r&Sd/ olwdkY EIwfxGufoHudk
rMum;&aomfvnf; olwdkY\ toHonf ajrwjyifvHk;ü ESHYjym;í
olwkdY\ pum;onf ajrBuD;pGef;wdkifatmif a&mufav\/”
(qmvH 19;1-4)
“zefqif;awmfrlaomt&mrsm;udk axmuf½Iojzifh xm0&wefcdk;
awmfESifh xm0&tjzpfawmfwnf;[laom rsufjrifr&aom
(8)
bk&m;ocif\ t&mwkdYonf urÇmwnfonfhumvrSp xif&Sm;
vsuf&SdMu\/” (a&mr 1;20)
þOyrmrsm;aMumifh rnfonfhtajctaewGifqdk bk&m;ocif
r&Sd[k jiif;csufxkwf&eftaMumif; rjrifawmhyg/
tav;teufxm;í pOf;pm;Munfhygu BuD;rm;us,fajymvS
onfh pMu0Vm? wdusvSaompnf;pepfESifh pGrf;tifwdkYudk zef
qif;ay;awmfrlaom xm0&bk&m;ocif\vkyfaqmifcsufrSm
rsm;jym;vSaom vlowå0gwdkYtm; rdrdwdkYudk,fudk ao;i,fNyD;
t&mr0ifouJhodYk rSwfxifapygonf/
£oa&vjynfh&Sif? 'g0d'fbk&ifBuD;u qifjcifajymqdk&mwGif
“vufn§dK;awmftvkyfwnf;[laom udk,fawmf\ rdk;aumif;
uifudk4if;? jyifqifawmfrlaom vESifh Mu,frsm;udk4if; tuREkfyf
qifjcifaomf vlonf tb,fodkYaomoljzpfí udk,fawmfonf
atmufarhawmfrl&oenf;/” (qmvH 8;3-4)
,aeY vlom;wdkY\ wDxGifrIaMumifh BuD;rm;vSonfh ta0;Munfh
rSefajymif;BuD;rsm;ESifh N*dKvfwkrsm;aMumifh Mu,fwm&mrsm;ESifh jynfhae
aom tmumoESifhywfoufí todynmonf tqaygif;rsm;pGm
wdk;wufvmcJhayNyD/ þtcsufu uREkfyfwdkY vlom;rsm;taeESifh
'g0d'frif;BuD;uJhodkY tb,faMumifht&mcyfodrf;udk zefqif;aom
bk&m;ocifonf ao;EIwftm;enf;vSaom vlom;rsm;tay:wGif
pdwf0ifpm;jcif;&SdEdkifygrnfenf;[k ar;cGef;xkwfrdapygonf/
uHtm;avQmfpGm ta0;MunfhrSefajymif;ESifh tPkMunfhud&d,m
acwfwkdYonf wpfacwfwnf;yifjzpfygonff/ ,aeY þavmuBuD;ü
1615
tPkZD0avbmuyg yl;aygif;vsuf wnf&Sdaejcif;udk tPkMunhf
ud&d,mtm; toHk;jyKjcif;jzifh jrifawGUvmcJh&NyD; þtPkZD0avmu
twGif; r,HkEdkifavmufatmif qef;Mu,fvSonfudk uREkfyfwkdY od&Sd
vmcJh&ygNyD/ wpfzef tvif;a&mifyif azmufxGif;0ifa&mufEdkifjcif;r&Sd
aom tPkZD0avmurSvGefí odyÜHynm&SifwdkY\ tPkMunfhrSef
bDvl;jzifhyif rjrifrawGUEdkifaom ao;i,fvGef;onfh tPkjrLyrme
j'yfypönf;rsm;udkrl tDvufx&Gef rdkufc½dkpukyfjzifh Munfh½IavhvmEdkif
jcif;jzihf qef;jym;xl;axGí vSyqef;us,fum? wdusrIESifh jynfhpHkvsuf
thhHMozG,f&mjzpfaom zefqif;rIudk avhvmEdkifNyDjzpfygonf/
xdkYaMumifh oif wpfcgwpf&H odcsifrnfjzpfaom oifhvdk rxif
r&Sm;jzpfaomoludk bk&m;ocif\pdwfESvHk;twGif;rSm &Sdaeyghrvm;
qdkvQif? tPkjrLynm&SifwpfOD;zGifh[ajymqdkonfh pifppftao;i,f
qHk;aom ypönf;wpfck\ pMu0VmwpfckvHk;udk xdef;odrf;xm;&mwGif
tifrweft&ma&mufyHkudk em;qifMunfhzdkY vdkygvdrfhrnf/ olajym
vkdonfrSm j'yfpifwpfck\tPkjrLrSm EsLx&GefESifh y½dkwGef wpfckESifh
wpfck wnf&Sdaeaom tuGmta0;udk wpfvufr\ 1^12_10
-12
cefYrQ cGmay;jcif;jzifh Mu,fpkBuD;wpfckvHk; uG,faysmufoGm;rnfjzpf
ygonf/ rSefygonf/ zefqif;&SiftzdkY tao;qHk;aomypönf;onf
tBuD;qHk;aomypönf;enf;wl ta&;ygt&ma&mufjcif;wGif uGm[
csuf r&Sday/
aocsmonfrSm uREfkyfwdkYtaejzifh ,ckuJhodkY ar;cGef;rsKd;ar;cGifh
MuHKonfhtcgwGif rnfodkYaom taMumif;tcsuftay: rlwnfNyD;
vlwpfOD;\ wefzdk;udk pOf;pm;ygovJ [laom ar;cGef;udk tajz&Sm
&vQif vlwpfOD;\ wefzdk;udk bk&m;ocifonf t&G,ftpm;tay:
rlwnfNyD; rqHk;jzwfyg/ wpfzufwGif bk&m;ociftwGuf vlwpfOD;pD
(9)
\wefzkd;onf rwlonfhtaMumif;rsm;tay: rlwnfaMumif;jzpf
onf/ aemufNyD; bk&m;ocif\azmfjycsufonf rnfonfhtwGuf
aMumifh vlrsm;onf bk&m;ociftwGuf wefzdk;&Sdonfqkdjcif;ESifh
bk&m;ocif\tjrifu vlwpfOD;pDudk wefzdk;rjzwfEdkifjcif;rsm;yifjzpf
onf/
zefqif;&Sif\ &nf&G,fcsuf? Oya'oESifh tpGrf;owådrsm;tjyif
BuD;rm;vSaom arwåmawmf? oem;Muifemjcif;ESifh vlom;wdkY\
aumif;usKd;rSvGJí wjcm;rnfonfudkrQ arQmfvifhjcif;r&SdaMumif; vl
wpfOD;pDtay:wGif xif&Sm;ay:vGifaeonfudk awGU&ygonf/
tu,fíom oifonf azmfjyyg arwåm&Sifbk&m;udk awGUcJhygvQif
oifhtwGuf 0dnmOfESifhywfoufaom vrf;ñTefrIudk pdwftcsqHk;
&EdkifygNyD/
1817
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef
1/ vufwpfqkyfpmrQaom oHrIefYudk avxJ
ajr§mufwifNyD;aemuf? oifonf avxJrS
qGpfem&DwpfvHk; jyefusvmrnf[k arQmfvifh
ygovm;/
2/ pMu0VmESifh pMu0VmtwGif; wnf&Sdae
aom tHhMozG,f&m tEkpdwf jyifqifaqmuf
wnfxm;rIrsm;rSm zefqif;&Sifbk&m;ocif
rygbJ tvdktavQmufjzpfay:cJhygovm;/
3/ zefqif;rIrsm;rS xif&Sm;aomom"ujzifh
zefqif;&Sifudk odomatmif ñTefjyaeyg
onf/ wpfzef yHkazmfol? Oya'xkwfol? pGrf;
tifjznfhol ponfjzifh xif&Sm;apjcif;wdkYu
oifhtm; bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmESifh
oem;MuifemrIudkyg em;vnfapygovm;/
(10)
arSmifrnf;aeaom *ltwGif; vSnfhywfoGm;Ed kif&eftwGufarSmifrnf;aeaom *ltwGif; vSnfhywfoGm;Ed kif&eftwGufarSmifrnf;aeaom *ltwGif; vSnfhywfoGm;Ed kif&eftwGufarSmifrnf;aeaom *ltwGif; vSnfhywfoGm;Ed kif&eftwGufarSmifrnf;aeaom *ltwGif; vSnfhywfoGm;Ed kif&eftwGuf
xdkolUwGif rD;wkwfwpfck&S d&ygrnf/xdkolUwGif rD;wkwfwpfck&S d&ygrnf/xdkolUwGif rD;wkwfwpfck&S d&ygrnf/xdkolUwGif rD;wkwfwpfck&S d&ygrnf/xdkolUwGif rD;wkwfwpfck&S d&ygrnf/
yavwdkyavwdkyavwdkyavwdkyavwdk
obm0onf *layguf0rS arS;rS defaom tvif;wef;wpfckjzpfovdkobm0onf *layguf0rS arS;rS defaom tvif;wef;wpfckjzpfovdkobm0onf *layguf0rS arS;rS defaom tvif;wef;wpfckjzpfovdkobm0onf *layguf0rS arS;rS defaom tvif;wef;wpfckjzpfovdkobm0onf *layguf0rS arS;rS defaom tvif;wef;wpfckjzpfovdk
or®musrf;pmonf rD;awmufjzpfygonf/or®musrf;pmonf rD;awmufjzpfygonf/or®musrf;pmonf rD;awmufjzpfygonf/or®musrf;pmonf rD;awmufjzpfygonf/or®musrf;pmonf rD;awmufjzpfygonf/
at? tdyfcs f pxa&mif;at? tdyfcs f pxa&mif;at? tdyfcs f pxa&mif;at? tdyfcs f pxa&mif;at? tdyfcs f pxa&mif;
rMumao;ciftcsdefu owif;pmrsm;wGif toufrsm;pGmqHk;½HI;
cJh&onfh av,mOfysufusrIrsm;wGif a&'gvrf; ñTefrI\ trSm;aMumifh
jzpf&onf[k yg&Sdygonf/ þwGif pOf;pm;p&mwpfckrSm azmfjyyg
av,mOfysufusrIaMumifh jzpfvmaom qHk;½HI;rIonf ]0dnmOfa&;&m
a&'gvrf;jyrIpepf}trSm;aMumifh BuHKawGU&onf 'ku©ESifhEdIif;pmMunfh
ygu tao;trTm;qHk;½HI;rIwpf&yfomjzpfonf/
,aeY urÇmay:rS ½IwfaxG;NyD; y#dyu©rsm;jzpfapEdkifonfhtoH
rsm;pGmwdkYonf uREkfyfwdkYtm; bk&m;ocifxHawmfodkY vrf;jyaeonf
[k qdkygonf/ oifhtaejzifh rnfolUudk ,Hk&rnfenf;/ oifonf
rSm;aom vrf;ñTefrIudk cH,lrnfr[kwfay/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf
oifonf xm0&bk&m;ocifudk wrf;w&SmazGaeaomaMumifhjzpf
onf/
NAdwdoQ0efBuD;csKyfwpfOD;jzpfcJhol 'yfvsLtD; *vufpwkef; (W.E.
Gladstone) u ....
]]or®musrf;pmonf a&S;OD;yxrwnf&Sdaom usrf;wpfckjzpfyg
tcef; 2tcef; 2tcef; 2tcef; 2tcef; 2
2019
,Hkavmufaom 0dnmOfawmf\vrf;jyrI udkoif &&SdNyDvm;
(11)
onf/ or®musrf;pmonf usrf;*efrsm;pGmteuf tjrifhjrwfqHk;aom
usrf;jzpfonf}}[k qdkygonf/
tar&duefor®w atb&m[ifvifuGef;uvnf; ....
]]or®musrf;pmonf vlom;wdkYtwGuf wefzdk;rjzwfEdkifaom
bk&m;ocif\vufaqmifwpfckjzpfonf}}[k qdkcJhygonf/
ordkif;wpfavQmuf atmifjrifausmfMum;cJhaom yk*d¾KvfwdkYu
,ckuJhodkY twkr&Sdaom usrf;wpfapmifjzpfaMumif; taxmuftxm;
rsm;jyum ajymqkdaeapumrl or®musrf;pmonf usrf;BuD;wpfusrf;
tjzpf trSefwu,fwnf&Sdaeygonf/
'g0d'frif;BuD;u ol\0dnmOfvrf;ñTefrIudk vHk;0,HkMunfcJhonf/
olu “EIwfuywfawmfonf tuREkfyfajca&SUrSm rD;cGufjzpfí tuREfkyf
vrf;c&D;udk vif;apyg\/”(qm 119;105) [k ajymcJhygonf/
,aeYwGif or®musrf;pmonfom vlwdkYtm; bk&m;ocifxH
vrf;ñTefrIay;EdkifaMumif; awGU&Sd&ygonf/ or®musrf;pmudk arS;rSdef
ysufpD;atmif BudK;pm;aeolrsm;&Sdaeapumrl ,aeYwdkif wnfNrJvsuf
&SdaeygonfhtwGuf urÇmw0ef;&Sd usrf;rsm;xJwGif olrwlaom
*kPfwpf&yfyifjzpfayonf/
or®musrf;pmonfomvQif vlcyfodrf;wdkY\ vdktyfrItwGuf
tm;xm;&aom wpfckwnf;aom usrf;jzpfaMumif;udk bk&m;ocif
udk,fawmfwdkif wHqdyfawmfcyfESdyfxm;onfh EIwfuywfawmfrsm;u
oufaoxlaeygonf/ usrf;pmyg pmrsufESmrsm;wGifvnf;aumif;?
oufqdkif&mordkif;rSwfwrf;rsm;wGifvnf;aumif;? trSefw&m;udk
avhvm&SmazGolwpfOD;taejzifh xif&Sm;aomtaxmuftxm;rsm;
awGUEdkifrnfjzpfonf/ xdkusrf;pm&SdorQonf bk&m;ocif rIwfoGif;
awmfrlaomtm;jzifh jzpfí...... (2wd 3;16)
tu,fí or®musrf;pmudk wpfOD;wpfa,mufxJuom a&;om;
cJhygu tHhMozG,fr&Sd/ pepfwus ajymif;vJwdk;wufvmonfh OD;wnf
csuf? enf;pepfponfwdkYjzifh tcef;wdkif;udk wefqmqifxm;onfh
usrf;wpfcktaejzifh jrifawGU&rnfrSm rvGJay/ odkY&mwGif þor®m
usrf;pmtkyfonf vlwpfOD;wnf;u a&;om;cJhjcif;r[kwfbJ uGJjym;
aom,Ofaus;rIwdkYwGif&SdaeMuaom usrf;jyKq&mrsm;u &mpkESpf
aygif;rsm;pGmtwGif; jyKpka&;om;cJhMujcif;jzpfonf/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap
þusrf;BuD;wGif wdusaocsmaomtcsufrsm;ESifh twkr&Sdaom
bk&m;ociftaMumif;udk jyKpkxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ þt&if;cH
taMumif;wdYkuyif xif&Sm;aom tHhMozG,fedrdwfvu©Pmrsm;yifjzpf
ygonf/
xdkYtjyif a&S;a[mif;okawoetzGJUrsm; rjywfwl;azmfavhvm
jcif;aMumifh xyfrHawGU&Sdvmaomtcsufrsm;u or®musrf;yg ordkif;
taxmuftxm;rsm;udk ydkrdkcdkifrmapygonf/ wpfcsdefu jyuf&,f
jyKcJhaom? '@m&Dqefonf[k ,lqcJhaom tcsufrsm;rSm ,cktcg
2221
Ä Oyrmjy&vQif - 1868 ckESpfu uvdef;((Klein))trnf&Sd *smrefvlrsKd;c&D;
oGm;wpfOD;onf a&S;acwfarmbjynf (,ckacwf ]a*smf'ef}) odkY a&muf&Sdvm&m
wGif armbbk&ifrD&Sm uAnf;xkd;xm;aom ausmufpmwdkifwpfckudk awGU&Sdyg onf/
xk dausmufpmwd ki fwGi f bk&ifr D& Smu ol£oa&vvlrsK d ;wd k Ytm; awmf
vSefwdkufcdkufcJhonfhtaMumif;t&mudk pmaMumif;a&oHk;q,fhav;aMumif;jzifh
rSwfwrf;wifxm;cJhonf/ tdkrPDESihf tm[wfwdkYudk xdkausmufpmwGif azmfjy
xm;ouJhodkY "r®&mZ0ifpwkw¬apmiftcef;BuD; 1 wGifvnf; xkdtaMumif;udk
awGU&ygonf/ £oa&vbk&ifrsm;onf armbwdkYtm; rw&m;zdESdyfcsKyfcs,f
Muonf[k yg&Sdygonf/ ,aeYrsufarSmufacwfokawoDrsm; awGU&Sdcsufrsm;t&
wdusaomordkif;taxmuftxm; trsm;tjym;udk or®musrf;pmwGif rSwfwrf;
wifxm;NyD;jzpfaMumif;awGU&ygonf/
(12)
wGif a&S;a[mif;okawoeynm&Sifrsm;\ aus;Zl;aMumifh wu,fh
tcsuftvufrsm; jzpfvmcJhygNyD/Ä
or®musrf;pmonf bk&m;ocif\pmtkyfjzpfNyD; vltaygif;
wdkYtwGuf bk&m;ocif\EIwfuywfawmfrsm;yg&Sdonf/
odkYaomfjim;vnf; vltcsKdUwkdY or®musrf;pmtkyfudk vspfvsL½I
xm;MuqJjzpfonf/ taMumif;rSm odyÜHynm&SifwdkY\ vufawGUusus
ed,mrrsm;aMumifhvnf;aumif;? trSef,HkMunfolrsm;u taxmuft
xm;rvdk[laom ,lqcsufrsm;aMumifhvnf;jzpfEdkifygonf/ om"u
taejzifhjy&vQif odyÜHynm&Sifppfppfonf trSef,HkMunfol rjzpfEkdif
ay/ rsufarSmufacwf odyÜHynm&Siftrsm;pkwdkYrSm azmfjyyg ,lqcsuf
udk jiif;qdkaeMuNyDjzpfygonf/ or®musrf;pmonf odyÜHusrf;r[kwf
yg/ odkY&mwGif odyÜHynmESifh ywfoufonfhusrf;csufwkdYESifh pyfvsOf;
í wpfBudrfwpfcgrQyif jiif;csufrxkwfEdkifcJhyg/ NcHKí Munfhygu or®m
usrf;pm\&nf&G,fcsufESifh pDpOfxm;rIonf ,aeYodyHG\ tuefY
towfudkyif ausmfvGefaeayonf/
,aeY odyÜHynmonf tb,faMumifh uREkfyfwdkY þN*dKvfurÇm
odkY a&muf&Sdaeonf/ uREkfyfwdkY ,ckb0rS vGefaomf rnfonfhae&m
wGif a&mufrnfqdkaom ar;cGef;rsm;udk rajzEdkif/ xdkYtwl b0qdkonf
rSm tb,fenf;/ vlowå0gwdkY\ t"duwefzdk;tp&Sdonfudkvnf;
&Sif;vif;ajymqdkEdkifjcif; r&Sday/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap todÓPfjrifhrm;
ol odkYr[kwf ½dk;toljzpfygap vlwdkif;onf xm0&bk&m;\ apmifhr
rIr&bJ bk&m;ociftaMumif;udk odem;vnf;&ef rvG,fulay/
jyifopfocsFmESifh 'óeduynm&SifBuD; bmavhpfygpumvfu ”tjrifh
rm;qHk;aom tusKd;taMumif;qifjcifwwfaomÓPfudk ydkifqdkifrI
&Sd&onfhtaMumif;&if;rSm xdkqifjcifwwfaomÓPfwGif tuefY
towf&SdaMumif; odzdkY&eftwGufjzpf\”[k qdkxm;ygonf/b0\
ta&;BuD;qHk;aom ya[Vdudk ajzqdkEdkifzdkY uREkfyfwdkYwGif tm;txm;&
qHk;aom ydkifqdkifrIwpf&yfrSm bk&m;ocif\ or®musrf;pmomvQifjzpf
ygonf/
,ck uREkfyfwdk YtaeESifh or®musrf;pmonf bk&m;ocif\
a[majymawmfrlcsufjzpfaMumif; tcdkiftrm,lq&rnfh tcsufESpf
csufudk pOf;pm;qifjcifMuygrnf/
yxrtcsufrSm tvGefqef;us,faom wdusrSefuefonfh
Asm'dwfawmfrsm;yifjzpfygonf/ 'kwd,tcsufrSm or®musrf;pmyg
tcsufrsm;ukd av;eufpGm ,HkMunfrIjzifh vdkufemaomolwkdYtay:wGif
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2625
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2827
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3029
(16)
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3231
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tusOf;udk omawGU&awmhonf/ olrarG;cifu ol\rdbrsm;onf
olUtwGuf qkawmif;ay;cJhygonf/ oli,fpOfu or®musrf;pmudk
avhvmcJhzl;aomfvnf; tav;xm;cH,ljcif;r&SdcJhyg/ tcGifhxl;cH<u,f0
csrf;omaom olUurÇmav;xJü bk&m;ociftm; ykefuefvsuf r,Hk
MunfEdkifavmufatmif pm&dwåysufjym;cJhonf/
xkdarhr&Edkifaom bk&m;ocifESifh awGUqHkonfhnrwdkifrD vGefcJh
aom ESpfaygif; (17) ESpfu uREkfyf\rdwfaqGonf om;a&zHk;rSwfpk
pmtkyfwpftkyfudk 0,f,lcJhygonf/ olUpdwful;rSm xdkaeYrSpí olU
b0twGif; xl;jcm;rSwfom;avmufaom tjzpftysufwdkYudk rSwf
wrf;wifEdkif&efjzpfygonf/ odkY&mwGif xkdumvrsm;u aysmfyg;oHk;
jzKef;vsuf tcsdefrsm;tv[oukefvGefcJhrIrsm;aMumifh rSwfwrf;wif
Edkifavmufrnfh tjzpftysufrsm;r&Sd/ xkdYUaMumifh rSwfwrf;rwifEdkif
cJhay/
trSefrSm xkdESpfrsm;twGif; uREfkyf\rdwfaqGonf bk&m;ocif
udk arhavsmhcJhNyD; vQKdU0Sufqef;us,fí pdwfauseyfrIr&onfh 0dnmOf
avmuwGif usifvnfaecJhygonf/ tpyxrwGif olonf a&SUjzpf
a[mcsufESifh a&mhcfaw;*DwwdkYwGif pdwf0ifpm;rIrsm;rS pwifcJhNyD;
obm0vGefarSmfynmwdkYESifh ywfoufa&maESmrIrsm;&SdvmcJhygonf/
aemufydkif;wGif [dE´La,m*DusifhpOfudk txl;pdwf0ifpm;um? [dE´L
tbd"r®mrsm;udk av;av;eufeuf avhvmvdkufpm;NyD; ta&SUwdkif;
vQKdU0Sufqef;us,fynm&yfrsm;wGif yg0ifywfoufvmcJhygonf/
azmfjyyg tawGUtBuHKrsm;xJrSvnf; om;a&zHk;pmtkyfxJwGif rSwfwrf;
wif&eftaMumif;t&m wpfckrQ r&SdcJhyg/ puúLjzLjzLav;rsm;jzihf csKyf
xm;aom pmtkyfav;rSm vGrf;zG,faumif;avmufatmifyif Avm
usif;aeonfrSm xdkarhr&Edkifaom bk&m;ocifESifhawGUonfh nwdkif
atmifjzpfonf/
xkdncsif;wGifyif uREfkyf\rdwfaqGonf yxrqHk;aom a&;rSwf
rIudk ol\pmtkyfav;xJwGif xnfhoGif;cGifh&&SdcJhygawmhonf/ ola&;
rSwfxm;onfwdkYudk zwf&onfrSm uREkfyftzdkY 0rf;ajrmufvSygonf/
þa&;om;csufrsm;onf bk&m;ocif\ arwåmESifhjynfhaom u,f
wifjcif;udk cH&aom? 0dnmOfa&;&mESifhywfoufí tvGeftrif;
vdktyfcsuf&Sdaom yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;\ av;eufaom a&;rSwfcsufjzpfyg
onf/ wu,fyifaumif;vSygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf arQmfvifhjcif;
uif;rJhvsuf b0udk t½HI;ay;awmhrnfh 0dnmOfa&;&mwGif rsufuef;
3433
(18)
ozG,fjzpf&olwpfOD;tm; tvif;awmfjrwfjzpfonfh rajymif;vJonfh
or®mw&m;ESifh tHhMozG,farwåmawmfjzifh u,fwifcJhygonf/
0dnmOfa&;&mwGif xGufayguf&SmrawGUEkdifbJ rsufuef;ozG,f
jzpfaeaom uREkfyf\rdwfaqGtm; bk&m;ocifu or®musrf;pmtkyf
tm;jzifh azmfjycJhonf/ oifhtaejzihf or®musrf;pmudk rsufuG,fjyK
jcif;jzifh oifonf rSm;,Gif;aom,HkMunfrI\ abmifcwfjcif;udk cH&
rnfjzpfygonf/ odkY&mwGif bk&m;ocifukd &SmazG&mwGif or®musrf;pm
udk avhvmcH,ljcif;jzifh 0dnmOfawmftvif;\ vrf;ñTefrIu oif\
vdktyfrIudk jznfhpGrf;Edkifygonf/
bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfüom udk,fawmfESifhywfouf
onfh rSefuefaomem;vnfrIudk uREkfyfwdkY &&SdEdkifygonf/ þusrf;pm
onf uREkfyfwdkYtm; or®mw&m;? bk&m;ocif\EIwfuywfawmfESifh
avmutvif;udk azmfjyay;Edkifrnfjzpfygonf/
ocif? EIwfuywfawmfwnfyg\/
uREkfyfwdkYtm; vrf;jyyg\/
or®mw&m;udk ,HkMunfoljzpfyg\/
tvif;ESifh 0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sdyg\/
3635
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef1/ tjcm;pmrlrsm;? ]"r®ta&;tom;rsm;}xJrS
or®musrf;pmuJhodkY wdusrSefuefrI&Sdaom
edrdwfzwfrIrsm;&Sdygovm;/
2/ oifESifh &if;ESD;olrsm;xJwGif or®musrf;pm
yg a[mMum;csufrsm;udk owdjyKrIaMumifh
toufwmajymif;vJrI&&SdoGm;aomol &Sdyg
ovm;/
3/ or®musrf;pmyg t"duoifMum;vrf;ñTefrI
rsm;udk *½krjyKjcif;ESifhwpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif
yGifhvif;aom oabmxm;r&SdbJ zwf½Iavh
vmrdygovm;/
(19)
37
aumif;uifESif h r[myx0Dajrwnf&S daerIaMumif haumif;uifESif h r[myx0Dajrwnf&S daerIaMumif haumif;uifESif h r[myx0Dajrwnf&S daerIaMumif haumif;uifESif h r[myx0Dajrwnf&S daerIaMumif haumif;uifESif h r[myx0Dajrwnf&S daerIaMumif h
tcsK d Uvlom;rsm;twGuf qefYusifvdkrIonf wpfcsdefwnf;wGiftcsK d Uvlom;rsm;twGuf qefYusifvdkrIonf wpfcsdefwnf;wGiftcsK d Uvlom;rsm;twGuf qefYusifvdkrIonf wpfcsdefwnf;wGiftcsK d Uvlom;rsm;twGuf qefYusifvdkrIonf wpfcsdefwnf;wGiftcsK d Uvlom;rsm;twGuf qefYusifvdkrIonf wpfcsdefwnf;wGif
&S daeonfudk jyóemwpf&yftjzpf ,lqygu bk&m;ocifESih fywfoufí&Sdaeonfudk jyóemwpf&yftjzpf ,lqygu bk&m;ocifESih fywfoufí&Sdaeonfudk jyóemwpf&yftjzpf ,lqygu bk&m;ocifESih fywfoufí&Sdaeonfudk jyóemwpf&yftjzpf ,lqygu bk&m;ocifESih fywfoufí&Sdaeonfudk jyóemwpf&yftjzpf ,lqygu bk&m;ocifESih fywfoufí
udk,fawmf&S drI? udk,fawmf\toGiftjyifudkudk,fawmf&S drI? udk,fawmf\toGiftjyifudkudk,fawmf&S drI? udk,fawmf\toGiftjyifudkudk,fawmf&S drI? udk,fawmf\toGiftjyifudkudk,fawmf&S drI? udk,fawmf\toGiftjyifudk
wnfMunfaomvlom;rsm;taejzif hwnfMunfaomvlom;rsm;taejzif hwnfMunfaomvlom;rsm;taejzif hwnfMunfaomvlom;rsm;taejzif hwnfMunfaomvlom;rsm;taejzif h
rnfodk Y jyKrlaqmif&Gufoif hygoenf;rnfodk Y jyKrlaqmif&Gufoif hygoenf;rnfodk Y jyKrlaqmif&Gufoif hygoenf;rnfodk Y jyKrlaqmif&Gufoif hygoenf;rnfodk Y jyKrlaqmif&Gufoif hygoenf;
wpfcgwpf&HwGif vlrsm;ar;cGef;xkwfMuonfrSm “bk&m;ocif\
toGiftjyifrnfodkY &dSygovJ” [líjzpf\/ bk&m;ocifu xkdar;cGef;
twGuf tajzay;NyD;jzpfaomfvnf; ,ckcsdefwdkifatmif vltcsKdUwdkY
onf rdrdpdwful;ESihf rSef;qxifaMu;ay;zdkYudkom t"duxm;NyD; or®m
usrf;pmyg bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfrdefYrSmcsufudk zwf½Ijcif;
rjyKMuyg/
trSefqdk&vQif xkdolrsm;onf or®musrf;pmyg ta&;BuD;aom
tcsufudk ajymif;jyefvSefolrsm;jzpfonf/ “bk&m;ocifu igwdkY
yHkoP²mefESifh wnDwnf;vludk zefqif;MupdkY (u 1;26) [k qdkonf
udk olwdkYu “igwdkY bk&m;ocifudk igwdkYyHkESifhwl&ef zefwD;MupdkY” [k
qdkMujyefygonf/ “razmufjyef rysufpD;Edkifaom bk&m;ocif\ *kPf
awmfudk y,fvsuf? azmufjyefysufpD;wwfaom vl\½kyfwk? om;iSuf
tp&Sdaom wGm;wwfaom wd&pämef\ ½kyfwkudk bk&m;ocift&m
ü csD;ajr§mufMu\/” (a&m 1;23) [k azmfjyovdkyif/ vlom;wdkY\
pdwful;MuHqaom ]bk&m;} wdkYonf wefcdk;r&Sd½Hkomru wpfcgwpf&H
tcsKd;rusaom qef;jym;onfh ½kyfwkrsm;udkyif awGUjrif&ygonf/
rnfrQyif wwfodvdr®moljzpfygap xkdoltaejzifh bk&m;ocif
tm; avmuDynmjzifh &SmazGawGUrnfr[kwfyg/ “avmuDom;wdkY
onf rdrdwdYk ynmtm;jzifh bk&m;ocifudk rodbJ aeMuaomtcg”
tcef; 3tcef; 3tcef; 3tcef; 3tcef; 3
38
bk&m;ocif\toGiftjyifrnfokdh &dSoenf;
(20)
4039
(1aum 1;12)/ avmuDtodESifh azmfxkwf&SmazGEdkifaom bk&m;onf
tppftrSefr[kwfEdkifyg/ vlwdkY\ todÓPfudk oHk;í bk&m;ocif
udk xkwfazmf&SmazG&ygu todtvdr®menf;yg;aom olwdkYtwGufrl
bk&m;ocifudk wrf;w&SmazGEdkif&ef tvGefyif tcGifhta&;enf;yg;
aeawmhrnf/
trSefwGif 0dnmOfa&;&mtodynmudk rnfolrqdk&Edkifygonf/
tmz&duwdkuf awmwGif;wpfae&mrS uRJausmif;oltrsKd;orD;wpfOD;
ESifh wuúodkvfygarmu©wpfOD;wkdYtwGuf jcm;em;csufvHk;0r&SdEdkifyg/
tb,faMumifhqdkaomf 0dnmOfa&;&modem;vnfzdkY&ef acwfynm
wwf&efrvkdyg/ EdSrfhcswwfaom pdwfESvHk;&SdNyD; bk&m;ocif\ tul
tnDvdktyfaMumif; cH,lolwdkif;&Edkifygonf/
“oifwdkYwGif wpHkwa,mufaomolonf ynmudkvdkvQif? uJh&JU
jypfwifjcif;udk jyKawmfrrlbJ? cyfodrf;aomolwdkYtm; apwem
pdwfESifh ay;oem;awmfrlaom bk&m;ocifudkawmif;ap? awmif;
vQif& vdrfhrnf/” (,m 1;5) xdkodkYaom todtvdr®monf
avmuDrIr[kwfay/ wpfOD;wpfa,mufrQ þavmu\
yHkrSeftkyfcsKyfrIxHk;wrf;pOfvmtwdkif; tkyfcsKyfaeaom
olrsm;em;rvnfEdkifonfh .... “xdkynmudk avmuDrif; wpHkw
a,mufrQ rod/ .... igwdkYonf avmuD0dnmOfudk rcH&Mu/
bk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaomt&mwdkYudk odjcif;tvkdYiSm bk&m;
ocifxHrS <uvmaom 0dnmOfudk cH&MuNyD/” (1aum 2;8? 2)
or®musrf;pmonf bmoma&;pmwrf;wpfapmifomr[kwf/
usrf;pmonf t"dutm;jzifh bk&m;ocifu udk,fawmf\ xif&Sm;ap
rIudk vlom;tm; jyoaom rSwfwrf;wpf&yfjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif
u oifhtwGuf 0dnmOftoday;jcif;jzifh udk,fawmfonf rnfoljzpf
aMumif;ESifh oifhtoufwmü vkyfaqmifay;vdkonfrsm;udk em;vnf
oabmayguf&ef jyñTefaom usrf;jzpfygonf/
oifuom ar;avQmufygu bk&m;ocifu ol\EIwfuywf
awmftm;jzifh udk,fawmf\ xif&Sm;rIudk jyoygvdrfhrnf/
uRefawmfwdkY\ c&D;wpfavQmuf rxifrSwfaomae&mESifh r
arQmfvifhaomolrsm;xHrS 0dnmOfa&;&mwGif pdwf0ifpm;rIESifh euf½dIif;
onfh tjrif&Sdolrsm;ponfwdkYudk awGUcJh&ygonf/ Oyrm - wpfaeY
uifnmEdkifiHawmwGif;rS uav;wpfpkonf olwdkY\ ,HkMunfrIudk rQ
a0vdkjcif;ESifh bk&m;ocifESifhpyfqdkifonfhtaMumif;t&mrsm;udk
ydkrdkavhvmvdkonfudk jrifawGUcJh&ygonf/
tylydkif;a'owGif ae0ef;BuD;onf w&dyf&dyfESifhrdk;ukyfpuf0dkif;
atmufa&mufoGm;onfESifh uREkfyftzdkY tvkyfrsm;aom wpfaeYwm
ukefqHk;oGm;&jyefygonf/ zHkxlvSaom uifnmEdkifiHawmvrf;uav;
ab;rS ausmufwHk;ay:wGif tem;,lxkdifaepOf csKHykwfMum;xJrS vIyf
&Sm;oHudk Mum;vdkufonf/ vSnfhMunfhvdkufpOf va&mifrSdefrSdefatmuf
wGif awmufyaeaom tmz&duefvli,fav;wpfOD;\ BuD;rm;vS
aomrsufvHk;ESpfvHk;udk awGUvdkuf&ygonf/ wpfcPcsif; xkdq,fESpf
om;vli,fav;onf uRefawmfhab;wGif vmxkdifNyD;aemuf pum;
ajymMu&mrS rdwfaqGaumif;wpfOD;jzpfvmcJhygonf/ tjcm;uav;
i,frsm;vnf; rnfonfhae&mrS a&mufvmMuonfrod&/ uRefawmf
wdkY pum;ajymaeMuonfudk Mum;í vma&mufem;axmifMu[ef
wlygonf/ or®musrf;pmESifhywfoufNyD; xdkuav;i,frsm;\wwfod
em;vnfrIrsm;u uREfkyftm; txifBuD;apygonf/
“bmaMumifh bk&m;ocifu arma&Sudk olU&JUrsufESmawmf jrifcGifh
(21)
rjyK&wmvJ”[k uREkfyf\ rdwfaqGav;u ar;cGef;xkwfvmygonf/
onftar;udk txl;pdwf0ifpm;rdNyD; *sKd0Jvfuav;udk uRefawmf
u olUtaeESifh bk&m;ocif arma&Sudk rdefYawmfrlonfrSm “igh ausm
udkomjrif&rnf/ ighrsufESmudk rjrif&” (xG 33;23) udk r>rufrD
arma&Sqkawmif;csufudk rSwfrdao;&JUvm;[k jyefar;cGef;xkwfvdkuf
ygonf/
olrajzEdkifojzifh “'Dvdkqdk&if igajymjyr,f” uREkfyfuqufNyD;
“arma&Su udk,fawmf\bkef;udk tuREkfyftm;jyyg/ tuREkfyf awmif;
yefyg\vdkY awmif;w,f/ (xG 33;18)/ wu,fawmh arma&Su
bk&m;ocif&JU yHkoP²mef[m b,fvdkvJvdkY ar;cGef;xkwfcJhwmjzpf
w,f/ bmyJjzpfjzpf 'Dqkawmif;csufudk jznfhqnf;ay;zdkY rvG,fwmudk
bk&m;ocif odw,f? bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh udk,fawmf&JU euf½dIif;vSwJh
bkef;awmfudk jrifodem;vnfzdkY qkdwm arma&StzdkY vHk;0rjzpfEdkifbl;/
xGef;vif;awmufyoefY&Sif;jrifhjrwfvSwJh bkef;awmf[m jrifolwdkif;
udk 0g;NrdKEkdifvdkY udk,fawmfu owday;wmu “ighrsufESmudk jrifvQif
touf&Sif&aomol wpHkwa,mufrQr&Sd” (xG 33;20)
arma&Su þtcsufudk rodem;rvnfcJhyg/ bk&m;ocifonf
udk,fawmfwdkifxif&Sm;jrifawGUapaombk&m;jzpfaomaMumifh vlom;
rsm;udk olUxHawmfodkY csOf;uyf&ef qGJac:vsuf&Sdygonf/ arma&S
taejzifh cHEdkif&nf&Sdoavmufom udk,fawmf\bkef;awmfukd xif&Sm;
apcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocifu xkdxufydkNyD; jyygu arma&Sonf bkef;
awmfaMumifh ysufpD;oGm;Edkifonf/ bk&m;ocifu ol\bkef;udk tjynfh
t0rjycJhaomfvnf; udk,fawmfarma&Stem;rS jzwfoGm;&mwGif
udk,fawmfu arma&Sudk umuG,fvdkojzifh “....ausmufMum;ü igoGif;
xm;í....” (xG 33;22)
tDauGwma'owGif aexkdifMuaom uREkfyf\rdwfaqGuav;rsm;
onf aerGef;wnfhtcsdefwGif rsufaphtumtuG,frygbJ aeudk
rMunfhEkdifaMumif; em;vnfxm;NyD;jzpfouJhodkY arSmifrdkufaomn
rsm;wGif rD;a&mifu ydk;zvHav;rsm;udk tem;uyfvmzdkY qGJaqmif
jcif;udkvnf; odNyD;jzpfMuonf/ xdktcg uRefawmfu ydk;zvHuav;
rsm; tvif;a&mifem;uyfvmvQif rnfodkYjzpfrnfudk ar;Munfhaom
tcg tm;vHk;u NydKifwlyif “aoukefrSmaygh” [k ajzMuygonf/ olkwdYk
tm;vHk;aoaocsmcsmodxm;MuonfrSm tvif;a&mifESifhtMumBuD;
xdawGUvQif tEÅ&m,fjzpfEdkifonf[kjzpfonf/
uRefawmfu uav;rsm;\ ar;cGef;rsm;udk olwdkYem;vnfatmif
ajzqdkay;zdkY Oyrmwpfckay;Edkifatmif BudK;pm;pOf;pm;Munfhygonf/
olwdkY\nDtpfudkarmifESrtm;vHk;udk rdcifrsm;\ arwåmaESmifBudK;u
&pfywfNyD; &ifcGifwGif ydkufaxG;xm;jcif;? bk&m;ocifu a,mb 38;9
yg aumif;uif? ajrBuD;ESifh ork'´&mudk axG;ydkufyHk tp&Sdonfrsm;udk
ajymjyygonf/
uRefawmf\ rdwfaqGav;rsm;tm; bk&m;ocifuG,fumrIaMumifh
jyif;xefvSaomtyl'Pfudk tumtuG,fay;xm;onfqdkonfudk
olwdkY em;vnfavmufaompum;vHk;rsm; oHk;NyD; ajymaomtcg txl;
pdwf0ifpm;Muonfudk awGU&ygonf/ uRefawmf ajymjyorQukd uav;
rsm; tukefem;vnfcsifrS em;vnfrnfjzpfonf/ odkYaomf olwdkYav;
rsm;\ Eke,fvSaomESvHk;om;av;rsm;onf bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;
arwåmESifh bkef;awmftay:wHkYjyefrI&Sdonfudk awGU&í uREkfyfwdkY
tm;vHk; wefzkd;&dSvSaomtcsdefwGif qkawmif;yXemjyKcGifh&cJhygonf/
wu,fyif olwdkYwawGwpfOD;csif;taejzifh odMuonfrSm olwdkY
onfvnf; arma&SuJhokd Y bk&m;ocifudk wrf;w&SmazG&mwGif
4241
(22)
udk,fawmf\ tuG,ftumudk cHpm;&&SdMuonfudkjzpfonf/
uREkfyfwkdY udk,fawmf\ yHkoP²mefudk tjynfht0em;vnfapEdkif
&ef bk&m;ocifudk,fawmfwdkifu ol\bGJUemrnfudk ajymcJhygonf/
or®musrf;pmwGif bGJUYemrrsm;udk ta&;wBuD;jyqdkxm;ygonf/
taMumif;rSm bGJUemr\t"dyÜm,fu xkdbGJUemrydkif&Sif\ *kPfudk xif
[yfapaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ bk&m;ociftm; 0daoojyKaom bGJU
emrwpfckpDwGif xif&Sm;aomvu©Pm&SdNyD; wkEdIif;r&aomjrifhjrwf
aom yk*¾dKvf[k odapEdkifygonf/
"r®a[mif;usrf;xJwGif t"duemrawmfrsm;tjzpf ,ma0
(Yahweh)? tDvdk[if (Elohim)ESifh t'dk;eD;,m;(Adonai) ponf
rsm;udk bk&m;ocifudk,fpm;ac:a0:onfudk awGU&onf/ emrawmf
wpfckpDwGif xl;jcm;aom vu©Pmrsm;&Sdygonf/ tDvdk[ifrSm OD;pGm
yxrwifpm;ac:NyD; tBudrfaygif; (2000) ausmfrQ azmfjyyg&Sdonf/
,ma0onf txGwftxdyfac:qdkxm;jcif;jzpfaomfvnf; bk&m;
ocifudk,fawmfwdkifu ta&;BuD;NyD; xl;jcm;aomvu©Pmudk aqmif
onfh tDvdk[ifudk uREkfyfwdkYtaeESifh csefvSyfrxm;apvdkyg/ tb,f
aMumifhenf;/
t*FvdyfbmomwGif A[k0kpfESifh{u0kpfudef; toHk;jyK&mwGif
omrefo'gtoHk;tEIef;yifjzpfaomfvnf; &[l'Dbmompum;ü ydkrdk
wdusaom toHk;tEIef;udk ,lxm;ygonf/ tDvdk[ifrSm A[k0kpft
jzpfazmfjyxm;ygonf/
wpfzef bk&m;ocifudk odomxif&Sm;ap&mwGif or®musrf;pm
tqdkrSm -
igwkd Y bk&m;ocif xm0&bk&m;onf wpfqlwnf;aom
xm0&bk&m;jzpfawmfrl\/ (w&m; 6;4) odkYjzifh or®musrf;pmyg
yxrqHk;pmydk'fonf vlom;wdkYtm; bk&m;ocif\zGifh[xkwfazmf
csufrsm;jzpfNyD; uREfkyfwdkYtm; oHk;yg;wpfqlESifh wpfqlwnf;wGif oHk;yg;
[laomjyqdkcsufudk yxrrdwfqufay;jcif;jzpfygonf/ tptOD;ü
bk&m;ocif(tDvdk[if)onf aumif;uifESifhajrBuD;udk zefqif;awmf
rl\/ (u 1;1) wpfcgwpf&HþoHk;yg;wpfqludk oHk;yg;wpfql[k ac:
a0:ygonf/
bk&m;ocifu oHk;yg;wpfqludk ñTef;qdkNyD;aemuf tenf;i,f
qufzwf&mwGif bk&m;ocif\ vlom;udk zefqif;jcif;rSwfwrf;udk
awGU&ygrnf/ þwGif bk&m;ocif\ oHk;yg;wpfql ,lqcsufudk tm;
jznfhay;onfh wdusaomtcsufudk awGUEdkifygonf/
wzef bk&m;ocifu? igwkdY yHkoP²mefawmfESifhwnDwnf;
vludk zefqif;MupdkY/ (u 1;26) ,ckuJhokdY ]igwdkY} [laom a0g[m&
onf A[k0kpfudef;jzifh oHk;qlwlnDjcif; xyfqifhñTef;xm;ygonf/ odkY
&mwGif aemufpmydk'fü.........
rdrdyHkoP²mefESifhtnD.....vla,mufsm;? vlrdef;rudk zefqif;
NyD;vQif.....” (u 1;27) qdk&mü rdrd[laom a0g[m&onf wpfyg;
wnfudk &nfñTef;ygonf/ xkdYaMumifh {u0kpf? A[k0kpf jyqdkcsufrSm
bk&m;ocifudk &nfñTef;jcif;jzpfNyD; bk&m;ociftm; tDvdk[if[k
uREkfyfwkdYtm; rdwfqufay;xm;NyD;jzpfygonf/
þbk&m;ociftm; avmuDvlom;wdkY\ todtjrif? ÓPfynm
jzifh em;vnfEdkif&ef rvG,fvSyg/ xkdYaMumifhyif “bk&m;ocifay;awmf
rlaomt&mwkdYudk odjrifjcif;tvdkYiSm bk&m;ocifxHrS <uvmaom
0dnmOfudk cH&NyD” (1aum 2;12) a&S;OD;yxrbk&m;ocif\ toGif
tjyifyHkoP²mefrnfodkY rnfyHk&Sdonfudk jyotNyD; udk,fawmf\ eufeJ
odrfarGUvSaom oHk;yg;wpfqlESifh xm0&*kPfusufoa&udkyg wjznf;
4443
(23)
jznf;azmfjycJhygonf/ þudk,fawmf\ vu©Pmjzpfaom oHk;yg;
wpfqlESifh wpfqlwnf;wGif oHk;yg;udk ay:vGifxif&Sm;pGm jrifawGU
em;vnfxm;ygu oifhtaeESifh aemifwGif udk,fawmfh arwåmtwdrf
teufudk wefzdk;xm; em;vnfEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/
rSefygonf/ uREkfyfwdkYtaejzifh bk&m;ocif\ xl;jcm;jrifhjrwf
vSaom arwåmawmfudk wefzdk;xm;em;vnfEdkifap&ef or®musrf;pm
ü azmfjyxm;ygonf/ or®musrf;pmwGif tzbk&m;ocif? bk&m;
om;awmf? oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfponfjzifh xnfhoGif;azmfjyxm;
ygonf/ bk&m;ocifonf udk,fawmfomvQif wpfOD;wnf;? xm0&?
wpfqlwnf;aombk&m;tjzpf azmfjyodapygonf/ avmuDom;rsm;
jzpfMuaom uREkfyfwkdYtaeESifh þt,ltqudk tenf;tusOf;om
&dyfpm;rdrnfjzpfygonf/ vlom;wdkYtaejzihf ppfrSefaombk&m;udk
arQmfrSef;MunfhzdkY&efrSm vG,fulvSonfr[kwfojzifh bk&m;ocifudk,f
awmfwdkifu ta&;w,ljzifh vlom;wdkYudk xif&Sm;apygonf/
bk&m;ocif\ *kPfowif;ESifh MunfndKxkdufrI\ txGwftxdyf
tjynfht0udk arma&StaeESifhyif rjrifEdkifyg/ odkY&mwGif bk&m;
om;awmf? tDvdk[iftaeESifhrlum; vlom;wpfOD;taeESifh oifhavsmf
rSefuefonfh ½IjrifrIudk azmfjycJhygonf/
"r®opfusrf;wGif zwf½I&onfrSm -
arSmifrkdufxJu tvif;xGef;vif;rnfhtaMumif; rdefYawmfrlaom
bk&m;ocifonf a,½Ic&pf\ rsufESmü xGef;vif;aom
bk&m;ocif\ bkef;awmfudkodaom ÓPf\ta&mifudk ay;vdk
aomiSm igwdkY pdwfESvHk;xJü tvif;udk xGef;vif;apawmfrl\/
(2aum 4;6)
pOf;pm;MunfhMuygpdkY/ a,m[efu ocifa,½I\ rsufESmawmf
udk aphaphMunfhNyD; ]]crnf;awmfü wyg;wnf;aomom;awmfudk ig
wdkYonf jrifMu&NyD/}} (a,m 1;14)
xkdYaemuf a,m[efu ol\udk,fawGUudk a&;om;&mwGif a,½I
udk,fü tDvdk[ifudk jrifawGUcJh&jcif;jzifh bk&m;ocifESifhawGU&aMumif;
a&;om;jycJhygonf/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap a,m[efu olUtaeESifh
xm0&bk&m;? zefqif;&SifESifh arma&S\ bk&m;ocifudkyg c&pfawmf
ü awGU&aMumif; &Sif;vif;jywfom;pGm wifjyxm;onf/
þodkYaom rSwfrSwfxifxifqHkqnf;rIudk Mum;Edkif? jrifEdkif? vuf
qkyfvufudkifjyEkdifygonf/
a&S;OD;pGmuyif? igwkdYonf udk,fwdkifMum;vsuf (olMum;cJh&
aom qHkqnf;rI)? udk,frsufpdESifhjrifvsuf? aphaphMunfh½Ií
(oljrifcJh&aom qHkqnf;rI)? vufESifhprf;oyfcJhNyD;aom
(udk,fwdkifudk,fus qHkqnf;rI) .....(1a,m 1;1)
a,m[ef\ rSwfwrf;wifxm;csufonf yk*d¾KvfpGJusrf;wpfapmif
r[kwfyg/ touf&Sifaom bk&m;&SifESifh ol\ qHkqnf;rIudk oufao
cHjcif;wpf&yfomjzpfonf/
oifhtaejzifh txufygtaMumif;t&mrsm;u ,ckacwftcg
wGif rnfokdYtusKd;jyKrnfenf;[k ar;Edkifayonf/ a,m[eftae
jzifhvnf; csufjcif;tajzay;rnfjzpfygonf/ oifwdkY\ 0rf;ajrmufp
&mtaMumif;pHkvifapjcif;iSm? þt&mrsm;udk igwdkYonf a&;vdkuf
Mu\/ (1a,m 1;4) xdkYtwl ,ckoifzwfaeaom pmtkyfonf
oif\ rdwfaqGwpfOD;u oifonfvnf; touf&Sifaom bk&m;
ocifESifh awGUxdí 0rf;ajrmufap&ef &nf&G,fygonf/
4645
(24)
a,m[efu
igwdkYonf crnf;awmfESifh4if;? om;awmfa,½Ic&pfESifh4if;
rdo[m,zGJU&onfjzpfí oifwdkYonf igwkdYESifh rdo[m,zGJUap
jcif;iSm? igwkdY jrif&aomt&mudk oifwdkYtm; jyoMu\/ oifwdkY
\ 0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif; pHkvifapjcif;iSmvnf; þt&mrsm;
udk igwdkYonf a&;vdkufMu\/ (1a,m 1;3-4)
rSefygonf/ tvif;a&mifonf tarSmifudk cGif;EdkifouJhodkY bk&m;
ocif\ bkef;awmfonfvnf; vlom;wdkYtay: xGef;vif;apygonf/
,aeYwGif oifomtvdk&Sdygu arma&SESifhtwl qkawmif;Edkifygonf/
4847
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef
1/ oifonf bk&m;ocifudk &SmazG&mwGif or®m
usrf;pmudk aocsmpGmzwfygovm;/
2/ oifonf usrf;pmzwfpOfwGif “udk,fawmf
\bkef;awmfudk uREkfyfjrifawGU&ef xif&Sm;
apyg” [k qkawmif;ygovm;/
3/ oifonf bk&m;ocif\ BuD;jrwfaom *kPf
awmfrsm;udk ÓPfrDoavmuf rSef;qjcif;
jzifh awGUEdkifrnfvm;/
(25)
5049
uREkfyftjrifrSm vlUobm0udk txdkuftavQmufem;vnfygw,f/uREk fyftjrifrSm vlUobm0udk txdkuftavQmufem;vnfygw,f/uREk fyftjrifrSm vlUobm0udk txdkuftavQmufem;vnfygw,f/uREk fyftjrifrSm vlUobm0udk txdkuftavQmufem;vnfygw,f/uREk fyftjrifrSm vlUobm0udk txdkuftavQmufem;vnfygw,f/
a&S;ya0oPDu ol&Jaumif;awG[m a,mufsm;&if hrBuD;awGyg/a&S;ya0oPDu ol&Jaumif;awG[m a,mufsm;&if hrBuD;awGyg/a&S;ya0oPDu ol&Jaumif;awG[m a,mufsm;&if hrBuD;awGyg/a&S;ya0oPDu ol&Jaumif;awG[m a,mufsm;&if hrBuD;awGyg/a&S;ya0oPDu ol&Jaumif;awG[m a,mufsm;&if hrBuD;awGyg/
uREk fyfvnf; a,musfm;wpfa,mufyg/ 'gayr,fholUudd k rrDygbl;/uREk fyfvnf; a,musfm;wpfa,mufyg/ 'gayr,fholUudd k rrDygbl;/uREk fyfvnf; a,musfm;wpfa,mufyg/ 'gayr,fholUudd k rrDygbl;/uREk fyfvnf; a,musfm;wpfa,mufyg/ 'gayr,fholUudd k rrDygbl;/uREk fyfvnf; a,musfm;wpfa,mufyg/ 'gayr,fholUudd k rrDygbl;/
c&pfawmfuawmh a,mufsm;wpfa,mufxufc&pfawmfuawmh a,mufsm;wpfa,mufxufc&pfawmfuawmh a,mufsm;wpfa,mufxufc&pfawmfuawmh a,mufsm;wpfa,mufxufc&pfawmfuawmh a,mufsm;wpfa,mufxuf
trsm;BuD;omvGefwJh a,mufsm;yg/trsm;BuD;omvGefwJh a,mufsm;yg/trsm;BuD;omvGefwJh a,mufsm;yg/trsm;BuD;omvGefwJh a,mufsm;yg/trsm;BuD;omvGefwJh a,mufsm;yg/
eyd kvD,Heyd kvD,Heyd kvD,Heyd kvD,Heyd kvD,H
owif;ESifh enf;ynmwdk;wufvmaom,aeYacwfwGif urÇmBuD;
udk urÇm&GmBuD;[kyif ac:qdkaeMuNyDjzpfonf/ odkYaomf &efvdkaom
tdrfeD;em;csif;rsm;aMumifh wdk;yGm;rsm;jym;vmaom tEÅ&m,fESifhjynfh
aeonfh &GmBuD;wpf&Gmtjzpf ajymif;vJvmaeonfudk awGUjrifae&
ygonf/
tay:,HMunfhvQif vlvlcsif;cGJjcm;qufqHrI\ taMumif;&if;
rSm us,fjyefYvSaom EdkifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;? tdrfwGif;a&;ESifh puf½Hktvkyf
½HkpDrHcefYcGJa&;wkdYjzpfygonf/ ,ckuJhodkY wdk;yGm;vmaom jyóemrsm;
aMumifh vltrsm;pdwfrcsrf;ajrUzG,f wuGJwjym;jzpfMu&onfhtjyif
cGJjcm;qufqHrIrsm; urÇmBuD;wpfckvHk;wGif ysHUESHYrsm;jym;vmaeygonf/
odomaomrnfonfhtcsufrsm;aMumifh cGJjcm;rIrsm;&Sdaeonfudk
OD;pGmtusOf;csKH;MunfhMuygpdkY/ xdkYaemufrS t"dutaMumif;tcsuf
udk pOf;pm;Muygrnf/
odomaom uGm[rIrsm;odomaom uGm[rIrsm;odomaom uGm[rIrsm;odomaom uGm[rIrsm;odomaom uGm[rIrsm;
EdkifiHa&;uGm[rI
_ EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm;wdkYonf r,HkMunfrI?
pdk;&drfxdwfvefYrIwdkYESifh &ifqkdifae&NyD; aphpyfaqG;aEG;jcif;jzifh ajz&Sif;
tcef; 4tcef; 4tcef; 4tcef; 4tcef; 4
vlrsm;udk rnfonfht&muydkif;jcm;xm;ygoenf;
(26)
5251
r&EdkifaomtcgrsKd;BuHKvmvQif EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm;u wkdif;jynfvHkjcHKrI
twGuf ppftiftm;uom umuG,fay;Edkifrnf[k xifMuonf/
wpfcsdefwnf;wGif pdk;&drfaMumifhusvsuf&Sdaom jynfoltrsm;pk
u Nidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh tEkjrLvufeufzsufodrf;a&;udk OD;pm;ay;qEjyK
Muygonf/ ppfqefYusifa&;ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;twGuf qE´jyMuaom
olrsm;onf wpfcgwpf&H Nidrf;csrf;a&;ESifhqefYusifbufjzpfaom
½kef;&if; qefcwfrIrsm;udk jyKrlwwfMuonf/ þodkYjzpfysufvmvQif
ppfjzpfjcif; \ ed'gef;yrm 0rf;enf;p&mjzpf&onf/
pD;yGm;a&;uGm[rI
_ obm0ab;&efrsm;jzpfaom rdk;acgifjcif;?
ivsif'PfcH&jcif;ESifh iwfrGwfacgif;yg;jcif;rsm; tpOfwdk;yGm; rsm;jym;
vmaejcif;wdkYonf wwd,urÇmBuD;\jyóemjzpfonf/ þodkYaom
ab;&efrsm;onf qif;&JaomEdkifiHrsm;ESifhcsrf;omaom EkdifiHrsm;
tMum;wGif pD;yGm;a&;uGm[rIrsm;udk xif&Sm;aponf/ pdwftm;xuf
oefaom tvSL&Sifrsm;? udk,fusK d;riJ hulnDolrsm;&S dvifhupm;
0rf;enf;zG,faumif;onffrSm csrf;omaomEdkifiHrsm;u ydkcsrf;omvm
NyD; qif;&JaomEdkifiHrsm;rSmvnf; ydkqif;&Jvmonfudk awGU&onf/
tdrfwGif;uGm[rI
_ ,aeYtcsdefwGif tdrfaxmifa&;NydKuGJrIrsm;
zHk;uG,fr&avmufatmif ul;pufBuD;xGm;aeygonf/ Letsoale u
“usaemh tdrfawmh ysufpD;oGm;NyD” [k rsuf&nf0Jvsuf ajymoGm;yg
onf/ uREfkyfu ol\av;yifx&Hum tmz&duwJav;ysufpD;oGm;
jcif;udk ajymonf[k xifrdonf/ trSefrSm olUZeD;u olUtm; xm;&pf
cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ ,cktcsdeftcgwGif rsm;jym;vSaom tdrfaxmifrsm;
ysufpD;&jcif;\ taMumif;&if;rSm cspfjcif;arwåmESifh wnfaqmufxm;
jcif;r[kwfbJ wpfudk,faumif;qefaom vlaerIpepfwGif wnf
aqmufxm;aomaMumifh ysufpD;Mu&jcif;jzpfonf/ (a&SUtcef;wGif
bk&m;ocif\ cspfjcif;arwåmudk tdrfaxmifwdkif;&EdkifNyD; wnfNrJ&rnf
[lonfudk zwf&ygrnf)
puf½Hktvkyf½HkpDrHcefYcGJa&; uGm[rI
_ vkyfief;cGifwGif;rS raus
eyfrIrsm;? pdwfzdpD;rIrsm;taMumif;udk uREkfyfwkdY tpOfMum;ae&onf/
1985 tapmydkif;u NAdwdefEdkifiHwGif20 &mpkESpftwGif; tqdk;&Gm;qHk;
aom y#dyu©udk tqHk;owfapcJhonf/ qE´jyrIrsm;tqHk;owfoGm;
aomfvnf; rauseyfrIrsm;u vkyfief;cGifwGif tvkyf&SifESifh tvkyf
orm;tMum; qufqHa&; tzktxpfjzpfaecJhonf/ þtajctae
ESifh 1904 ckESpfu a0vjynfe,f? ausmufrD;aoG;wGif; tvkyf&SifESifh
tvkyform;wkdY\ wif;rmrIudk tqHk;owfaponfhtajctae rnfodkY
uGmjcm;onfqdkonfh ar;cGef;udk xdky#dyu©twGif;yg0ifcJhol *Refw,f&D
u jyefajymjyygonf/
uREkfyfonf *Reftm; awGUpOfu olUtouf 91 ESpf&SdygNyD/ ol
onf rsufpdvHk;0rjrif&awmhonfhtjyif tqkwfa&m*gudkvnf; cHpm;
ae&ygonf/ xkda&m*grsKd;udk ausmufrD;aoG;wGif;wl;orm;rsm; trsm;
qHk;cHpm;&onfjzpfí ]rdkif;orm;a&m*g} (Miners Disease) [k ac:
ygonf/ tcGifhoifhwdkif; uREkfyfESifhZeD;onfwkdYonf a0ve,fajrmuf
ydkif;rS olUtdrfuav;qDodkY oGm;a&mufvnfywfavh&SdMuygonf/ *Ref
u [uf[ufyufyuf &,farmwwfNyD;? aysmfaysmfaewwfovdk
tajymvnf;aumif;olrdkY 1904-1905 ckESpfrsm;wGif a0vjynfe,f
taeESifh jyefvnfEdI;xjcif;&cJhonf[k *Refuajymygonf/ xkdtcsdef
u a0vjynfrSm rdkif;vkyfom;rsm; touf&Sifawmfrlaombk&m;ocif
udk qHkawGUcJhMuygonf/ tvkyf&Sifrsm;ESifhtvkyform;rsm; twlw
uG awGUcJhMu&jcif;jzpfygonf/ 1905 ckESifh 1985 ck wkdYtMum;
rnfrQ uGmjcm;aMumif;udk *Refu tm;ygw&ajymjycJhygonf/
(27)
5453
*Refu xdkpOfu tawGUtBuHKudk 0rf;omtm;&jyefajymjyaeyg
onf/ olu xkdpOfwkef;u rsm;jym;vSaom ,rumqdkifrsm;pD;yGm;
ysufNyD;ydwfvdkuf&aomfvnf; aomufoHk;olrsm;onf t&ufudk r
awmifhwMuyg/ qufvufNyD; olu vkyfazmfaqmifzufrsm;ESifh rdkif;
xJqif;csdefwGif *kPfawmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;oD;csif;rsm;udk waysmfwyg; oDqdk
cJhMuonfhtaMumif;udkvnf; ajymjyygao;onf/ olujyHK;NyD; “vlawG
u tckxdvmar;aeMuw,f? jyefvnfEkd;xjcif;[m b,frSmvJ” [k
ar;Muygonf/ xkdtcg olu rdrd&ifbwfudk ykwfjyvsuf “'DrSmyJ?
tckxd 'DrSmyJ” [k jyefajzonfhaMumif;udk qufajymjyygonf/
ppfrSefaom uGm[rI
azmfjyonfh uGm[csufrsm;onf txl;eufeJaMumif;od&aomf
vnf; trSefrSm xl;xl;jcm;jcm; tHhMozG,faumif;avmufatmif
vlom;rsm;\ uGm[rIudk jzpfapaom t&mwpfck&Sdao;onf/ xdkt
&mrSm tEÅ&m,f&SdNyD; at;csrf;om,maeaom ae&mrsm;udk Ncdrf;
ajcmufvsuf&Sdaeonf/ aemufqHk;wGif vlrsm;onf bk&m;ocifESihf
ywfoufí em;vnfrI vGJrSm;aeMuonfudk awGU&ygonf/
bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\bk&m;jzpfjcif;Zmwdawmfudk azmfjy&mwGif
&Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; azmfjyxm;ygonf/ c&pfawmf rzGm;jrifrDu
bk&m;ocifu udk,fawmf\ppfrSefaomoP²mefawmfudk vltaygif;
wdkY odap&ef BuD;jrwfaomtvif;udk ydkYay;rnf[k uwday;xm;yg
onf/ xdktvif;awmfonf bk&m;ocifudk od&ef ulray;rnfjzpfyg
onf/ udk,fawmfu arSmifrdkufxJrSm oGm;vmaomolwdkYonf BuD;
pGmaomtvif;udk jrif&í ....... (a[&Sm 9;2)/ bk&m;ocifu xkd
tvif;a&mifudk jrifawGUEdkif&ef tao;pdwfazmfjyxm;onfrSm ig
wdkYtzdkY oli,fudk zGm;jrif\/ igwdkYtm; om;udk oem;awmfrl\/
(a[&Sm 9;6)
pifppfazmfjyyg bk&m;ocif\EIwfuywfawmfonf xl;jcm;rI r&Sd
vSyg/ uav;rsm;onf tpOfarG;zGm;aeonfyif/ uav;wpfa,muf
arG;zGm;rIudk rSwfwrf;jyK&efvdktyf&jcif;rSm bk&m;ocif\ uwdawmf
ESifh qufpyfaeaomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ ,cifu ya&mzufjyKcsuf
wdkYonf ,cktcg ordkif;wpfck\rSwfwdkifjzpfaeygNyD/ urÇmajray:
wGif uav;i,fwpfa,mufarG;zGm;vmygonf/ aumif;uifbHkrS
om;awmfwpfyg;jzpfapcJhygNyD/ uav;i,fonf bk&m;om;awmfjzpf
awmfrlNyD; tarSmifurÇmxJ vrf;aysmufaeol vlom;rsm;twGuf
bk&m;ay;aomtvif;jzpfygonf/ ,aeYwdkifatmif xkdtvif;onf
xGef;vif;aeNyD; tarSmifudk cGif;ouJhodkY bk&m;ociftay: vlom;
rsm;\ tjrifudkvnf; Munfvifapygonf/
twkr&Sd? NydKifbufuif;aom bk&m;ocif\wpfyg;wnf;aom
om;awmfudk tjcm;uav;rsm;ESifh cGJjcm;jrifEdkif&ef bk&m;ocifu
Munfh½Iavmh/ owdkYorD;unmonf y#doaEpGJ,lí om;a,mufsm;
udk zGm;jrifvwHh/ xkdom;udk {rmaEGv[laom trnfjzifh rSnfh&v
wHh/ (a[&Sm 7;14)
{rmaEGv[lonfrSm igwkdYESifhtwl&Sdawmfrlaombk&m; [laom
jrifhjrwfonfh t"dyÜm,fonf rnfrQtHhMozG,faumif;ygoenf;/ uREkfyf
wdkY wefzdk;xm;aom trnf\ t"dyÜm,fukd or®musrf;pmü rSwfwrf;
wifxm;jcif;onf tjcm;bmomw&m;rsm;ESifh rwl xl;jcm;aeonfudk
odem;vnfapygonf/ tjcm;aombmomw&m;rsm;rSm vlom;wdkY
taeESifh bk&m;&Sifudk csOf;uyf&rnfqdkygonf/ or®musrf;pmwGifrl
um; bk&m;ocifonf vlom;wdkYtm; &SmazGcsOf;uyfonf[k qdkxm;
(28)
ygonf/
or®musrf;pmxJwGif urÇmBuD;udk pwifwnfaxmifcsdefwGif
tysKdunmü uav;i,fwpfOD;twl&SdaMumif; rSwfwrf;wifxm;yg
onf/ xdkpMu0Vmudk zefqif;&SifjyKawmfrlcJhaom tcsdefESifhae&mwdkY
onf ,cktcgwGif ordkif;0if tcsufwpf&yfjzpfygonf/ tdrfrufudk
jrif&onfrSm xm0&bk&m;\aumif;uifwrefonf xif&Sm;í 'g0d'f
trsKd; a,moyf oif\cifyGef;rm&dudk xdef;odrf;&rnfudk rpdk;&drfESifh/
þ y#doaEonf oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfaMumifhjzpf\ (r 1;20)/
xkdaemufwGif c&pfawmfzGm;jrifNyD; tpOftwdkif;BuD;yGm;vmcsdefwGif
c&pfawmfu rdfrdtm; qefYusifaomolrsm;a&SUwGif igonf crnf;
awmfESifhwpfvHk;wpf0wnf;jzpfonf[k rdefYawmfrl\ (a,m 10;30)
tyd kvd k - 15 tmumool&Jaumif; *sif(r)tma0;u
“bk&m;ocif urÇmajray:wGif vrf;avQmufjcif;onf vlom;rsm;
vay:wGif vrf;avQmufjcif;xuf ydkNyD;t&ma&mufygonf” [k
a&;om;cJhygonf/ trSefyif vlom;wdkY\ av[me,fxJ pGefYpm;
tpGrf;jyjcif;onf bk&m;ocif vlUavmuodkY <ua&mufvmjcif;ESifh
EdIif;í r&yg/
uav;wpfOD;arG;zGm;vdrfhrnf/ xkdYaemufom;awmfwpfyg;udk
ay;vdrfhrnf[laom ya&mzufjyKNyD;onfhaemufwGif ydkrdkwdusaom
wpfqlwnf;aomyk*d¾Kvf\ *kPfawmfrsm;rSm emrawmfrlum;? tHhMo
zG,f? wdkifyifzuf? wefcdk;BuD;aombk&m;ocif? xm0&tb? Nidrfouf
jcif;t&Sif .......... tmPmawmfwdk;wufjcif;ESifh Nidrfoufawmfrljcif;
onf edpötNrJ&Sdvdrfhrnf/ (a[&Sm 9;6-7) trSefrSm urÇmBuD;tm;
tkyfpdk;olwpfOD;taeESifh tHhMozG,faumif;aom OD;wnfcsufESifh pGrf;
&nfa&maESmaygif;pyfrI&Sd&rnfjzpfonf/ ,aeY urÇmay:wGif uREkfyf
wdkYtvdk&Sdaom acgif;aqmifwpfOD;tjzpf tajrmftjrif&SdNyD; rSefuef
aomvkyfaqmiffrIudk ay;Edkif½Hkomru pGrf;&nfESifh jynfhpHkae&rnf
jzpfygonf/ tcsKdUaom acgif;aqmifrsm;taeESifh rnfodkYaom pGrf;
aqmifrIrsKd;ay;&rnfudk odaomfvnf; ordkif;wpfavQmufwGif rnf
onfhacgif;aqmifurQ xm0&ESifhoufqdkifaom Nidrfoufjcif;udk ray;
EkdifcJhMuyg/
urÇmBuD;tm; xm0&Nidrfoufjcif;ay;EdkifolrSm Nidrfoufjcif;
t&SifwpfOD;wnf;omvQif ay;pGrf;Edkifonf/ wpfaeYwpfcsdefwGif
ocifa,½Ionf urÇmavmuodkY jyef<uvmNyD; tkyfcsKyfygvdrfhrnf/
xdkaeYa&mufvQif vufeufxkwfvkyfaom puf½HkrSeforQ ydwf&NyD;
&Sd&SdorQaom tEkjrLAHk;rsm;wGifvnf peufwHrsm;wyf&efvdkawmh
rnfr[kwf/
arQmfvifhcsufuif;rJhNyD; csKdUwJhtm;enf;aomvlonf rdrdvlrsm;udk
tkyfcsKyfEdkifpGrf;r&SdaMumif; jyoNyD;jzpfonf/ vlom;tm;vHk;taejzifh
Nidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh w&m;rQwrI&S&Sd&ef Nidrfoufjcif;t&Sif udk,fawmfwdkif
pMu0VmwcGifudk pD&iftkyfcsKyfrnfhtcsdefudkapmifhBudK &ygvdrfhrnf/
xdktcg vlwdkYonf "m;vufeufudk xGefoGm;jzpfap jcif;iSm4if;?
vSHrsm;udk wHpOfjzpfapjcif;iSm4if; xkvkyfMuvdrhfrnf/ wjynfudkwjynf
ppfrwdkuf? ppftwwfudkvnf; aemufwzefroif &Mu/ (a[&Sm
2;4)
xkdNidrf;csrf;om,maomaeYwGif yifv,fa&onf rdrdae&mudk
vTrf;rdk;ouJhokdY ajrBuD;onf xm0&bk&m;udk oduRrf;jcif;ynmESifh
jynhfpHkvdrfhrnf/ ([A 2;14) xm0&bk&m;auseyfapEdkifaom ordkif;
\ ed*Hk;onf þonfrSwpfyg; tjcm;r&SdEdkifay/
,ckuJhodkY a,½I\ ñTefMum;rIjzifh vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf Nidrf;
5655
(29)
csrf;aomumvrwdkifrDu uGm[rIrsm;&Sdaeonfudk jrifod&ygNyD/
aemufwpfzef ay:aygufvmOD;rnfh y#dyu©onf a,½Itay:rlwnf
aernfjzpfí udk,fawmfonf rnfoljzpfoenf;/ tb,ftwGuf
aMumifh udk,fawmf<uvmawmfrloenf;ESifh udk,fawmf&Sdcdkuf oifh
twGuf bmvkyfay;cJhoenf; qdkonfh ar;cGef;rsm;udk oifhtaejzifh
&Sif;vif;aocsmpGm odxm;zdkY tvGefta&;BuD;ygonf/
urÇmOD;usrf;ESifh &Sifa,m[efc&pf0iftzGifhrsm;wGif wlnDaom
tcsufrsm;ukd awGUEkdifygonf/ urÇmOD;usrf;wGif uREfkyfwdkY zwf&onf
rSm tptOD;ü bk&m;ocifonf aumif;uifESifhajrBuD;udk zefqif;
awmfrl\/ (u 1;1) tptOD;ü EIwfuywfawmf&Sd\/ EIwfuywf
awmfonfvnf; bk&m;ocifjzpfawmfrl\/........ xkdEIwfuywffawmf
onf cyfodrf;aomt&mwdkYudk zefqif;awmfrl\/ (a,m 1;1? 3)
urÇmOD;usrf;wGif tDvdk[if[k ac:qkdaom bk&m;ociftm; EIwf
uywfawmf[k &Sifa,m[efc&pf0ifusrf;wGif ñTef;qdk\/ tDvkd[if
onf EIwfuywfawmf? ukd,fawmfonf vlUZmwdudk cH,lí udk,fawmf
zefqif;aom t&mcyfodrf;wdkYtMum; avQmufoGm;\/ EIwfuywf
awmfonf vlUZmwdtjzpfudk cH,lí uREfkyfwfdkYtay:wnf\/ þodkY
tHhMozG,fa[mMum;aom EIwfuywfawmftjynhftpHkrSm
tptOD;ü EIwfuywfawmf&Sd\/ EIwfuywfawmfonf
bk&m;ocifESifhtwl&Sd\/ EIwfuywfawmfonfvnf; bk&m;
ocifjzpfawmfrl\/ xdkEIwfuywfawmfonf tptOD;ü
bk&m;ocifESifhtwl&Sd\/ xdkEIwfuywfawmfonf cyfodrf;
aomt&mwdkYudk zefqif;awmfrl\/ zefqif;awmfrljcif;ESifh
uif;vGwfaomt&m wpHkwckrQ r&Sd/ .... xkdolonf þ
avmuü &SdawmfrlNyD/ þavmuudkvnf; zefqif;awmfrl
NyD/ odkYaomfvnf; þavmuonf xdkoludk rod/ olonf
rdrdt&yfa'oodkY <uvmaomfvnf; rdrdvlrsKd;wkYdonf olU
udk vufrcHbJaeMu\/ xdkoludk vufcHorQ[laom udk,f
awmfudk ,kHMunfaomolwkYdtm; bk&m;ocif\om;jzpf&
aomtcGifhudk ay;awmfrl\/.....EIwfuywfawmfonfvnf;
vlUZmwdtjzpfudk cH,lí aus;Zl;awmfESifh4if;? opömawmf
ESifh4if; jynfhpHkvsuf igwdkYwGif wnfaeawmfrlonfjzpfí
crnf;awmfü wyg;wnf;aomom;awmf\ bkef;uJhodkY ol
\ bkef;awmfudk igwkdYonf jrif&MuNyD/
(a,m 1;1-3? 10;12? 14)
vGefcJhaom &mpkESpfaygif;rsm;pGmu arma&SESifhtwl ordkif;wpf
avQmufu vlom;rsm;? wrefawmfzdvdyÜKygrusef bk&m;ocif\
oP²mefawmfudk odjrifvdkMuonf/
zdvdyÜKu a,½Ic&pftm; awmif;qdk&mwGif zdvdyÜKuvnf; ocif?
crnf;awmfudk tuREkfyftm; jyawmfrlyg (a,m 14;8)/ tHhzG,faumif;
avmufatmif c&pfawmftajzay;&mü ighudk jrifaomolonf crnf;
awmfudk jrif\/ (a,m 14;9)/ þodkY tHhMozG,faumif;aom tajzu
tu,fí udk,fawmf&Sifom bk&m;r[kwfygu a,½Iudk,fawmfudk
vdrfvnfol odkYr[kwf todÓPfeufeJol[k xifjrifaumif;xifjrif
Ekdifrnfjzpfygonf/ rnfolurS udk,fawmhftm; xkdodkY pGyfpGJajymqdk
rnf r[kwfyg/ tu,fíom udk,fawmfonf bk&m;ocif r[kwf
ygu urÇmhtBuD;qHk;ta,mifaqmifolwpfOD;tjzpf ,lqMuyg
vdrfhrnf/ xdkYaMumifh uREkfyfwdkYtaeESifh c&pfawmfudk bk&m;ociftjzpf
5857
(30)
jrifawGU &ygonf/
þtajctaewGif c&pfawmftm; rnfolrnf0gjzpfaMumif;ajym
qdkrIaMumifh pdwf0rf;uGJp&mtajctae ay:aygufvmEdkifygonf/
wpfenf;tm;jzifhvnf; txl;tHhMop&mr&SdonfhtcsufrSm c&pfawmf
u igonf crnf;awmfESifh wpfvHk;wpf0wnf;jzpfonf/ (a,m
10;30) rdefYqdkcsufaMumifh tcsKdUu c&pfawmfonf olwdkY&SmazGae
aom bk&m;ocifjzpfonfudk cH,lMuovdk? bk&m;ociftaeESifh
þrQEdSrfhcsvmonfudk rcH,lEdkifaomtjrif&SdonftavQmuf tjyif;
txef rESpfouf rvdkvm;jcif;udk jyvdkonfh vlrsm;vnf; &dSaeonfudk
awGU&ygrnf/ c&pfawmfonf tcsKdUudk qGJaqmifodrf;oGif;cJhovdk
tcsK dUudk a0;uGmapcJhygonf/ odk Y jzif hc&pfawmfwGif aemufyg
y&dowfrsm;&Sd ovdk aoaMumif;MuHpnfolrsm;vnf; &SdcJhygonf/
c&pfawmf\toufwmtwGif; vlrsm;udk cGJjcm;qufqHrI &dScJh
ygonf/ c&pfawmfu wdwdvif;vif;ajymcJh&mwGif? -
ighbufü raeaomolonf igh&efbufjzpf\/ (r 12;30)
rnfodkYyifjzpfap a&S;OD;wHkYjyefrIrSm xm0pOfxif[yfrIjzpf
&rnf[k rqdkvdkyg/
wpfcsdefu ,k'vlrsKd;"r®q&mjzpfcJhol a&Smvkonf a,½Ic&pf\
&efolwpfOD;jzpfcJhaomfvnf; aemufydkif;wGif c&pfawmf\aemufvdkuf
jzpfvmcJhygonf/ a&Smvkonf c&pfawmf\aemufvdkufrsm;ukd rkef;wD;
vGef;ojzifh ESdyfpuf½Hkru owf&efudkyif oabmwlcJhonf/ odkYaomf
ol\toufwmajymif;vJNyD;aomtcg c&pfawmftm; q&mocif
tjzpf wpfoufvHk; *kPfjyKoGm;cJhygawmhonf/ a&Smvk\ c&pfawmf
tay: opöm&SdrI\&v'frSm tBuD;rm;qHkk;aomcufcJrIrsm;udk 0rf;
ajrmufauseyfpGm cH,loGm;Edkifjcif;yifjzpfonf/ xkdjcm;em;csufudk
rnfonfhenf;jzifh &cJhygoenf;/
a&Smvk 'rmoufNrdKUodkY oGm;pOf BuD;pGmaomtvif;BuD;wpfckudk
jrifawGUcJh&ygonf/ xkdtvif;onf awmufyvGef;ojzifh a&Smvkonf
acwårQ rsufaphuG,fcJh&ygonf/ a&Smvkonf wpfcgwnf;ESifh bk&m;
ocifa&SUarSmufa&mufaeNyD[laom tod0ifvmygawmhonf/
a&Smvku *&dbmompum;jzifh ,ma0 [k bk&m;ocifudk
wrf;wac:NyD; ar;avQmufvkdufonfrSm ]]ocifb,folygvJ}}?bk&m;
ocifu ]]igum; oif n§Of;qJaom a,½Ijzpfownf;}} (w 9;5)/
xkdaeYcsif;yif a&Smvkonf ,ma0ESifh c&pfawmf wpfqlwnf;jzpfonf
udk od&SdoGm;ygawmhonf/
þAsm'dwfawmfaMumifh a&Smvkonfc&pfawmf\ &efoltjzpfrS
aemufvdkufjzpfvmNyD; wrefawmf&SifaygvkjzpfvmcJhygonf/ xkdaeY
upNyD; olUb0toufwmudk c&pfawmfxH vHk;0tyfESHxm;oltjzpf
ajymif;vJvmcJhygonf/ &Sifaygvkonf ol\,HkMunfrIaMumifh rsm;
jym;vSpGmaom qif;&J'ku©rsm;xJrS bk&m;ocif þajrurÇmay:qif;
vmonfh owif;aumif;udk a0iScJhygonf/ &SifaygvktoufwmxJ
odkY c&pfawmftrSefoufa&mufvmaomtcg olUb0onf tBuD;jrwf
qHk;aom omoemjyKq&mtjzpf ajymif;vJoGm;ygawmhonf/ ola&;
om;cJhaom pmapmifrsm;wGif ol\ ,HkMunfcsufrsm;jzpfaom xkdocif
bkdYtvdkYiSm4if;? cyfodrf;aomt&mwdkYonf zefqif;vsufjzpfMu\/
(aum 1;16) tp&Sdaom a[majymcsufrsm;jzpfay:vmcJhonf/
uREkfyfwdkY odjrifNyD;onfhtwdkif; or®musrf;pmü &Sif;vif;jyxm;
onfrSm emZ&ufNrdKUom;a,½Ionf om;awmfbk&m;wpfyg;jzpfonf/
6059
(31)
armfrGefrsm;? a,a[m0goufaocHrsm;ESifh tjcm;aomolrsm; ,lq
ovdk bk&m;om;awmfwpfyg;r[kwfyg/ tpövmrfbmomü azmfjy
xm;ouJhodkY bk&m;\ya&mzufwpfyg;vnf; r[kwfyg/ bk&m;
ocifonf rdrdudk,fudkay;qyfonf[laom Asm'dwfawmfudk rSm;,Gif;
aomoGefoifrIjyKaomolrsm;u zHk;uG,f&ef BudK;pm;aeMuonf/
bk&m;&Sifu uGJjym;aeaom t,ltqrsm;ukd pkpnf;ay;zdkY&ef tBuH
tpnfawmf&Sdonf/
Oyrmtm;jzifh [dELbmom0ifrsm;onf c&pfawmftm; rsm;jym;
vSpGmaomolwkdY\ bk&m;rsm;ESifhtwl pifay:xm;jcif;jzifh todt
rSwfjyKxm;Muonf/ ppfrSefaom? touf&Sifaom {vd,\bk&m;
xm0&bk&m;ocifonf Amvf;NrdKUwGif ½kyfwkudk;uG,faomolwdkY\
½kyfwkrsm;udk wGef;vJarSmufvSefcJhonf/ xkdtwl vlwdkY\ pdwful;jzifh
xkvkyfxm;aom bk&m;rSeforQonf a,½Ic&pf\ rsufarSmufawmf
wGif usqif;&rnfjzpfygonf/ taMumif;rSm udk,fawmfonf om;
awmfbk&m;? crnf;awmfbk&m;ESifh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfwkdYESifh
wpfvHk;wpf0wnf;jzpfaomaMumifhjzpfygonf/
uREkfyfwdkYtaeESifh a,½Ic&pfonf bk&m;jzpfaMumif;od&SdNyD;
onfESifhtwl tysKdpifrS zGm;jrifjcif;? udk,fawmfjyKawmfrlaom tHhzG,f
edrdwfvu©Pmrsm;? aojcif;rS &Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;? aumif;uifbHk
odkY wuf<ujcif;ESifh rMumrDurÇmavmuodkY bkef;wefcdk;tmPmESifh
jyefvnf<uqif;vmrnfwdkYudk em;vnfNyD;jzpfonf/ c&pfawmfonf
ynwfrsm;ESifh touf&Sif&ef jynfhpHkonfh pMu0VmBuD;udk zefqif;
aomt&Sif? NyD;jynfhpHkaomynwfawmfrsm;udk jyifqifNyD; rdrd\
&nf&G,fcsufjzpfaom cspfjcif;arwåmESifha&T;EIwfu,fwifjcif;rsm;udk
jynfhpHkapoljzpfonf/
emZ&ufNrdKUom;a,½I&SdpOftcgu urÇmBuD;wGif uGJjym;rIrsm;&Sd
aecJhonf/ xkdodkY uGJjym;aeonfhtkyfpkxJwGif qif;&Jcsrf;omuGm[
rI? EdkifiHa&;ESifh ¤if;tjyif uGJvGJonfh0g'pGJ&Sdaeaomwdkif;EdkifiHrsm;
aMumifh r[kwfyg/ bk&m;&Sif þurÇmBuD;ay:a&mufaecsdefwGif &SdESifh
aeNyD;aom uGm[csufrsm;onf txufwGifazmfjyxm;aom
taMumif;rsm;xuf tvGeftajccHusaom taMumif;rsm;aMumifhyif
jzpfonf/
txufazmfjyygwdkYonf wrifcsJUum;ajymjyaejcif;r[kwfyg/
c&pfawmfudk,fawmfwdkifu -
bk&m;ocifonf oifwfdkYtbrSefvQif? oifwdkYonf ighudk cspf
Muvdrfhrnf/ taMumif;rlum;? igonf bk&m;ocifhtxHawmfrS
xGufa&muf<uvm\/ udk,ftvdktavQmufvmonfr[kwf/
bk&m;ocifonf ighudk apvTwfawmfrl\/ tb,faMumifh igh
pum;udk em;rvnfMuoenf;/ ig\a'oemudk em;rcHr,lEdkif
aomaMumifhom oifwkdYonf ighpum;udk em;rvnfMu/ oifwdkY
onf oifwdkYtbwnf;[laom rm&fewfrS qif;oufMu\/ oif
wdkYtb\ tvdkudkvnf; vdkufwwfMu\/ rm&fewfonf a&S;OD;
pGmrSpí vltoufudk owfaomoljzpf\/ olü opömw&m;r&Sd
aomaMumifh opömw&m;ü rwnfrae/ olonf rkompum;
udkajymaomtcg rdrdyuwdtwdkif;ajym\/ rkompum;ü usif
vnfaomoljzpf\/ (a,m 8;42-44)
,HkMunfolrdom;pkwdkY&SdMuojzifh xdkrdom;pkwkdY\tbonf bk&m;
ocifjzpfouJhodkY r,HkMunfaomolwdkY\ tbonf rm&fewfjzpf
onf[k qkdjcif;u tHhMop&mjzpfEdkifygovm;/ vlwdkif;onf bk&m;
\ om;orD;rjzpfEdkif/ uREkfyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pkodkYr[kwf
6261
(32)
rm&fewf\rdom;pkwpfckckudk a&G;cs,f&rnf jzpfonf/
oif bk&m;ociftay: ½dk;om;jzLpifonfhESvHk;om;ESifh ,HkMunfrI
onf rnfrQyifBuD;rm;onfjzpfygap oifonf ½dk;om;jzLpifpGmyif
rSm;,Gif;aeayvdrfhrnf/ wpfOD;wpfa,mufonf ½dk;om;jzLpifonfh
ESvHk;om;&SdonffhtwGuf ol\,HkMunfrIonf rSefuefonfqkdvQif
vdrfnmaejcif;jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ tqdyfonf tqdyfjzpfNyD; ,HkMunfjcif;
aMumifh tqdyfonf aq;jzpfrvmEdkifyg/ ,HkMunfjcif;ESifh tqdyfudk
pm;vQif pm;aomolonf aornfrkcsjzpfonf/
rSefygonf/ vlom;rsm;wGif tkyfpkESpfpk uGJaeygonf/ vlwdkif;
vlwdkif;onf tkyfpkwpfckckwGif yg0ifaeygonf/ bk&m;\rdom;pk
odkYr[kwf rm&fewfrdom;pk wpfckckwGifjzpfonf/ ta&;BuD;onfrSm
oif rnfonfhtkyfpkwGif ygaeovJqdkwmyifjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif
\ rdom;pkt0ifjzpfzdkY&ef yxrajcvSrf;rSm bk&m;ocifonf rnfol
enf;? rnfonhftwGufaMumifh rdrd\om;awmfa,½Itm; uREkfyfwdkY
twGuf ay;cJhoenf;[lonfudk em;vnf&ayrnf/
a,½Ic&pf[laom t"dyÜm,frSm ],ma0[laom u,fwifjcif;}
jzpfonf/ xdkaMumifh aumif;uifwrefu a,moyftm; ....xkdom;
onf rdrdvlwdkYudk tjypfrS u,fcRwfrnfholjzpfaomaMumifh? a,½I
[laom trnfjzifh rSnfh&rnf (róJ 1;21) [k ajymcJhygonf/
6463
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef
1/ oifü ½dk;om;jzLpifonfhESvHk;om;&Sd ½Hkjzifh
bk&m;ociftay: ,HkMunfNyD[k qdkEdkifygo
vm;/
2/ vlom;rsm;twGif; uGm[rI\ t"dutus
qHk;tcsufum; tb,fenf;/ EdkifiHa&;?
pD;yGm;a&;? tdrfwGif;a&;? puf½Hktvkyf½HkpDrH
cefYcGJa&;wdkYaMumifhvm;/ odkYwnf;r[kwf
0dnmOfa&;ESifhrqdkifaomtaMumif;rsm;aMumifh
vm;/
3/ ocifc&pfawmfazmfjyxm;aom rdom;pk
ESpfckxJrS rnfonfhrdom;pkudk oifydkifqdkif
ywfoufvdkygovJ/
(33)
6665
rdrdütjypf&S daMumif; euf½d Iif;pGmodjcif;onf tjcm;t&mrsm;xufrdrdütjypf&S daMumif; euf½d Iif;pGmodjcif;onf tjcm;t&mrsm;xufrdrdütjypf&S daMumif; euf½d Iif;pGmodjcif;onf tjcm;t&mrsm;xufrdrdütjypf&S daMumif; euf½d Iif;pGmodjcif;onf tjcm;t&mrsm;xufrdrdütjypf&S daMumif; euf½d Iif;pGmodjcif;onf tjcm;t&mrsm;xuf
bk&m;ocif\u,fwifjcif;tay: wnfrD SaeEd kifygonf/bk&m;ocif\u,fwifjcif;tay: wnfrD SaeEd kifygonf/bk&m;ocif\u,fwifjcif;tay: wnfrD SaeEd kifygonf/bk&m;ocif\u,fwifjcif;tay: wnfrD SaeEd kifygonf/bk&m;ocif\u,fwifjcif;tay: wnfrD SaeEd kifygonf/
a'gufwmtmEd kvf;?a'gufwmtmEd kvf;?a'gufwmtmEd kvf;?a'gufwmtmEd kvf;?a'gufwmtmEd kvf;?
ausmif;tkyfq&mBuD;? &yfbDyk*¾vdausmif;ausmif;tkyfq&mBuD;? &yfbDyk*¾vdausmif;ausmif;tkyfq&mBuD;? &yfbDyk*¾vdausmif;ausmif;tkyfq&mBuD;? &yfbDyk*¾vdausmif;ausmif;tkyfq&mBuD;? &yfbDyk*¾vdausmif;
20 &mpktapmydkif;wGif vltrsm;u urÇmBuD;\a&SUtem*wfESifh
ywfoufí tjyKoabmaqmiftaumif;jrifcJhMuonf/ trSefw
u,fyif Nidrf;csrf;om,mNyD; zGHUNzdK;pnfyifrnfh a&TacwfBuD;ay:xGuf
vmawmhrnf[k ,HkMunfcJhMuonf/ trsm;pku EdkifiHwdkif;onf þ
aumif;csD;r*Fvmudk cHpm;Mu&rnf[k xifrSwfMuonf/ ajrmfvifh
csufukefcrf;NyD; uyfa&m*grsm;ESifh ajymr&Edkifavmufatmif qif;&J
'ku©BuHKaeMu&onfhEdkifiHrsm;yifvsif aumif;csD;r*Fvm&Edkifrnf[k
txifa&mufcJhMuonf/ odkY&mwGif 1914 ckESpfwGif Oa&mywpf0Srf;
wGif ppfjzpfrnfht&dyfta,miforf;vmcJhonf/
,aeYwGif r,HkMunfEkdifavmufatmifyif odyÜHynm\wdk;wufrI
udk vlwdkif;jrifawGUMu&ygonf/ odkYaomf vlom;wdkYonf tem*wf
wGif Nidrf;csrf;om,mNyD; zGHUNzdK;pnfyifrnfhtaMumif;udk ajymMurnfh
tpm; oef;aygif;rsm;pGmaom vlom;wpfrsKd;vHk;udk ysufpD;oGm;apEkdif
aom tEkjrLvufeufrsm;jyefYyGm;aejcif;udk awG;aMumufaeMu&yg
onf/ ½IwfaxG;vSaomEdkifiHaygif;pHkta&;? trsKd;om;a&;jyóemwkdY
aMumifh tajrmftjrif&Sdolrsm;u uREkfyfwdkYonf tvGefcufcJusyf
tcef; 5tcef; 5tcef; 5tcef; 5tcef; 5
jyóemtppftrSefonf tb,ft&menf;
(34)
6867
wnf;NyD; ab;ruif;onfh ordkif;acwfopfwpfckodkY a&mufaeMuNyD
[kyif ajymvmMuonf/ vlwdkif;onf tusyftwnf;udk xdawGUcH
pm;aeMu&NyD[k uREkfyfwdkY pOf;pm;rdMuonf/ vlwef;pm;tvTmpHkonf
þodkY BuHKawGUaeMu&jcif;rSm rnfodkY trSm;t,Gif;aMumifhenf;/
txufygar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkEdkif&ef urÇmhacgif;aqmifBuD;rsm;
awGUqHkaqGG;aEG;aeMuygNyD/ xdkodkY aqG;aEG;aecsdefrSmyif jyóemrsm;
wpfckNyD;wpfckjzpfay:qJjzpfonf/ aiGaMu;ESifh pGrf;tifrnfrQyift&if;
jyKxm;apumrl rnfolurQ urÇmhjyóemrsm;udk ajz&Sif;Edkifrnfr
[kwfyg/ xif&Sm;onfh EdkifiHhacgif;aqmifrsm;? EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm;?
odyÜHynm&Sifrsm;? pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;? q&m0efBuD;rsm;? vlrIa&;
odyÜHynm&Sifrsm;ygrusef yg0ifulnDaomfvnf; tajzrxGufao;yg/
jyóemudk ajz&Sif;Edkif&ef jyóem\t&if;tjrpfudk odzdkY vdkyg
onf/ bk&m;ocifomvQif uREf kyfwd k Y\BuHK&aomjyóemudk
azmfjyay;Edkifonf/ ynm&SifwdkYonf bk&m;ocifazmfjyonfhtwkdif;
jyóemudk rudk;um;wwfMuay/ xdkYaMumifh bk&m;udk trSefwu,f
&SmaomolESifh bmoma&;ynm&SifwdkYtMum;wGif jcm;em;rI&Sd&ygonf/
bk&m;ocifu igwdkY yHkoP²mefESifhwnDwnf;vludk zefqif;Mu
pdkY (u 1;26)/ oifhtaeESifh bk&m;ocifonf vludk rnfonfhenf;jzifh
rdrdyHkoP²mefawmfESifhtnD zefqif;cJhygovJ [k ar;Edkifygonf/
pifppf udk,fum,oP²mefudk qdkvdkjcif;r[kwfyg/ ocifc&pfawmfu
bk&m;ocifonf eH0dnmOfjzpfawmfrl\[k (a,m 4;24) ajymygonf/
bk&m;ocifwGif uREkfyfwdkYuJhodkY vuf? ajc? rsufpdponfrsm;r&Sdyg/
bk&m;ocifonf tb,folrQ rcsOf;uyfEdkifaom tvif;xJü ae
awmfrlxaom tb,folrQ rjrifbl;&m? rjrifEdkif&mjzpfawmfrlx
aom..... (1wd 6;16)/ udk,faysmufaomolqdkonfrSm '@m&DxJü
om&Sdonf/ xdkYaMumifh vlü udk,fcE¨m (½kyfydkif;) ESifh xdkxuf omí
wefbdk;&Sdaomt&m (eH0dnmOff) onf udk,fcE¨mtwGif;ü&Sdaeonf/
udk,fcE¨mcsKyfNidrf;oGm;NyD;aemufwGifvnf; vlpifppf(eH0dnmOf)tae
ESif h qufvuftouf&Sifaeygonf/ xdkolrSm bk&m;ocif\
yHkoP²mefawmfESifhtnD zefqif;xm;onfholjzpfygonf/
or®musrf;pmü bk&m;ocifonf pdwf? pdwfcHpm;rIESifh tvdkqE
wdkY&SdaMumif;azmfjyxm;\/ bk&m;ocif\ yHkoP²mefawmfESifhtnD
qdkonfrSm xdkoHk;ckESifhtnDjzpfjcif;udk qdkvdkygonf/ odk Yaomf
udk,fawmfonf bk&m;ocifjzpfojzifh udk,fawmf\ÓPfynm? cHpm;
rIESihf pdwfapwemponfwdkYonf txl;us,fjyefYvSygonf/ wpf
enf;qdk&vQif twdkif;tqr&Sdyg/ vlom;rsm;wGifrlum; tuefYt
owf&Sdonf/ tvGefyif ausmfMum;vSaom tdkifpwdkif;uJhodkYaom
odyÜHynm&Sif\ pdwfwGif tuefYtowf&Sdygonf/ rnfolrqdk tukef
tpifwwfodem;vnfzdkY rjzpfEdkifovdk cspfjcif;arwåmwGifvnf;
tuefYtowfESifh pdwfqErSmvnf; pMu0Vmudk vTrf;rdk;zdkY&ef rwwf
Edkifyg/ vlonf uHw&m;udk pdk;rdk;Edkifjcif;r&Sdovdk? jzpfcsif&mudk jzpf&
zdkY MoZmtmPmESifh zefwD;ír&ay/
pdwf? pdwfcHpm;rI? tvdkqE´awGtay:rlwnfaom vlwpf
a,muf\ yifudk,fp½dkufvu©PmrSm 0dnmOfa&;&mESifhywfoufNyD;
cHEdkifaom t&nftcsif;&Sdaejcif;onf olUtm;bk&m;ocifESifhodNyD;
rdwfo[m,jyKzdkY jzpfapygonf/ xkdYtwGuf or®musrf;pmwGif vl
onf ....udk,fcEm? pdwf? 0dnmOf.... (1ouf 5;23) jzpfaMumif; azmfjy
xm;ygonf/
vlonf ol\0dnmOfrS bk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaom cGeftm;
tpGrf;jzifh zefqif;&SifESifh &if;ESD;cGifhudk &apygonf/ xdkYtwl cE¨mrS
(35)
7069
p½dkufvu©Pm (pdwf0dnmOf odkYr[kwf pOf;pm;qifjcifEdkifjcif;ESifh
cspfjcif;....arwåm) onf ½kyfavmuESifh qufpyfvsuf&Sdapygonf/
vlwdkYtaejzifh or®musrf;pmwGif ygonfhtwdkif; yxr pdwf?
'kwd, 0dnmOf? wwd, cE¨mponfh tpOfvdkufOD;pm;ay;rIudk rSwf
xm;jcif;jzifh tppaumif;rGefapygrnf/
odkY&mwGif wpfpHkwpfckrSm;,Gif;oGm;cJhonf/ &v'frSm vlrsm;pGm
wdkY\ OD;pm;ay;rI tpOfvdkufrSm;vmygawmhonf/ cE¨mu yxr?
0dnmOfu 'kwd,? pdwfu wwd,jzpfoGm;ygawmhonf/ 0rf;enf;zG,f
aumif;onfrSm ,aeYurÇmBuD;wGif vlrsm;pGmwdkYonf cE¨mudk,fvdk
tyfcsufESif h cHpm;rIrsm;tay:wGif pOf;pm;qHk;jzwfjcif;aMumifh
wyfrufrIrsm;u vTrf;rdk;xm;NyD; 0dnmOfa&;&mwGif wdrfjr§KyfNyD; ao
aeouJhodkYjzpfaeygonf/ xkdYaMumifh bk&m;ocifonf olzefqif;
xm;aom vlom;rsm;\ 0dnmOfa&;udk jyefvnfwnfaqmufay;vdk
ygonf/ odkYaomf vlwdkYonf xkdtcGifhta&;udk vufrcHonfomru
vHk;0ypfy,fjcif;udkyg jyKMuojzihf ,ckuJhodkY vrf;rSm;a&mufum bk&m;
ocifESifh tqufjywfaeMuygawmhonf/
bk&m;ocifESifhtvSrf;a0;NyD; &yfwnfrIrrSefjzpfaeolrsm;onf
0dnmOfa&;tjrifwGif aoaeMuovdkjzpfonf/ wpfjcm;wpfbuf
wGifrl touf&Sifí <u,f0jynfhpHkaomppfrSefaom bk&m;ocifESifh
rdwfo[m,zGJUaomolrSm 0rf;ajrmufaeygonf/
odkYaomfvnf; *½kPmESifh<u,f0awmfrlaom bk&m;ocifonf
igwdkYudk cspfawmfrlaom r[marwåmawmftm;jzifh? 'kp½dkuftjypf
ü aovsuf&Sdaeaom igwkdYudk c&pfawmfESifhtwl touf&Sif
apawmfrlNyD/ ({ 2;4-5)
urÇmay:&Sd &Sd&SdorQjyóemtaygif;wdkYonf vlwdkY\qEaMumihf
pwifay:aygufvmjcif;jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocifu vlom;rsm;udk
zefqif;cJh&mwGif ½kyfao;½kyfozG,f rzefqif;cJhyg/ ½kyfao;½kyfonf
BudK;qGJolrygbJ rvIyf&Sm;Edkifyg/ ½kyfao;½kyfudk ½kyfao;BudK;qGJolu
om vIyf&Sm;apEdkifaomfvnf; bk&m;ocifu uREkfyfwdkYtm; udk,fqE
twdkif; jyKrlvIyf&Sm;EdkifcGifh &Sdapygonf/ þodkYaom qkaus;Zl;udk
&xm;aom uREkfyfwdkYtaeESifh odu©m&Sd&Sd usifhMuHaexkdif&ef 0wå&m;
&Sdygonf/ (xkduJhodkYaom tMuHay;rIrsKd;udk or®musrf;pmtm; rsuf
uG,fjyKxm;aom pdwfa&m*gukq&m0efrsm;xHrS Mum;&rnfr[kwfyg)
vlom;wdkY\ tBuD;qHk;aomaMuuGJrIwpf&yfjzpfay:vmonfh
tcsdefonf vlom;udk zefqif;NyD;aemufwGifjzpfonf/ {'ifO,smOf
twGif;rS opfyifrsm;txJwGif xl;jcm;aomtyifESpfyif&Sd&m wpfyif
u toufyif? aemufwpfyifu aumif;raumif; oduRrf;&mtyif
....(u 2;9)/ bk&m;ocifu tm'HESifh{0wdkYtm; xkdESpfyifrSvGJí usef
tyifwdkY\toD;rsm;udk pm;EdkifaMumif;rdefYMum;cJhygonf/ þemcHjcif;
ESifh remcHjcif;udk a&G;cs,fcGifhay;jcif;jzifh bk&m;ocifu vla,mufsm;?
vlrdef;rwdkYudk vGwfvyfpGm qEtavQmufjyKrlcGifhay;cJhygonf/ olwdkY
taeESifhbk&m;ociftm; emcHjcif;? remcHjcif;qdkonfrSm udk,fhqE´
tavQmuf qHk;jzwfEdkifcJhygonf/ þonfrSm olwdkY\ ukd,fydkifqHk;
jzwfcsufyifjzpfonf/
0rf;enf;p&maumif;onfrSm tm'HESifh{0wdkYonf bk&m;ocif
ay;aomtaumif;qHk;tcGifhta&;udk ykefuefjcif;yifjzpfonf/ bk&m;
ocif BudKwifodxm;jcif;u olwdkY\remcHbl;qdkonfh qHk;jzwfcsuf
onf bk&m;ociftzdkY azmfrjyEdkifonhf cHpm;csufwpfcktjyif? vlom;
rsm;twGufvnf; epfemaprnfjzpfygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; bk&m;
(36)
7271
ocifonf olzefqif;xm;aom vlom;rsm;udk cspfjrwfEdk;onfhtjyif
aemifwGif rSefuefaom a&G;cs,frIudk jyKolrsm;tzdkY *kPfawmfudk cHpm;
aprnfjzpfí vlwdkif;udk vGwfvyfpGm a&G;cs,fEdkifaomtcGifhta&;
ay;cJhygonf/
pmwef? vSnfhzsm;wwfaomolu ol\pHkprf;aoG;aqmifEdkifjcif;
udk toHk;jyKNyD; tm'HESifh{0udk rSm;,Gif;aoma&G;cs,frIudkjyKapcJhyg
onf/ olu bk&m;ocif wm;jrpfxm;aom toD;udk pm;ygu bk&m;
uJhodkY jzpfvmrnf[k qdkcJhygonf/ (pmwefqdkvdkonfrSm vlom;onf
om vl\bk&m;jzpfonf/ bk&m;u bk&m;jzpfNyD; bk&m;uvGJNyD; t&Sdef
t0genf;olrjzpfEdkifyg/ xkdYtwl vlonf vlxuft&Sdeft0gBuD;ol
rjzpfEdkifyg) odkYaomf pmwefu tm'HESifh {0tm; jzm;a,mif;aoG;
aqmifNyD; bk&m;ocif\tvdkqEudk awmfvSefapygonf/ xkdtcsdefrS
pNyD; &cJhaom &v'frSm tm'H\rsKd;qufopfrsm;onf ta&;BuD;vS
aom bk&m;ocifESifh teD;uyfqufqHEdkifaomrdwfo[m,zGJUcGifhudk
qHk;½HI;cJhMu&onf/
xdktaMumif;t&m[lrlum; tjypfw&m;onf wa,mufaom
oltm;jzifh þavmuodkY0ifí tjypfw&m;tm;jzifh aojcif;
w&m;0ifonfESifhtnD vltaygif;wdkYonf tjypf&SdaomaMumifh
aojcif;odkY a&mufMu&\/ (a,m 5;12)
urÇmay:&Sd &Sd&SdorQaom ocsKØif;rsm;? aq;½Hkrsm;? ppfwyfrsm;
ESifh tusOf;axmifrsm;ay:aygufvm&onfhtaMumif;&if;rSm vlom;
wdkYtm; zefqif;csdefrSpí rSm;,Gif;aom a&G;cs,frIaMumifhjzpf&ygonf/
vlom;wdkYwGif tvGefw&mqdk;0g;vSaom 'kp½dkufonf arG;&myga&m*g
wpfcktvm; vlwdkif;tay: usa&mufvsuf&Sdygonf/ þ'kp½dkuf
onf vlom;wdkYtm; bk&m;ocifESifhrSefaom rdwfo[m,jzpfrIudk
zsufqD;ypf½Hkru bk&m;ocif udk,fawmfwdkifudkyif vlom;rsm;ESifh
a0;uGmapygonf/
oifESifhuREkfyfonf 'kp½dkufvlom;rsm;tjzpf arG;zGm;vmonfom
ru 'kp½ddkufrsm;udk usL;vGefaeMuolrsm;vnf;jzpfayonf/
qmvHq&mu uREkfyfwdkY arG;zGm;jcif;ESifhpyfvsOf;í tuREfkyfonf
arG;puyif tjypfygvsuf&Sdyg\/ trd0rf;wGif;xJrSm y#doaE¨,lpOf
yif tjypfpGJyg\/ (qmvH 51;5) odkYaomf uREkfyfwdkY jyKcJhonfhtjypf
rsm;twGuf arG;&myg ÓOfqdk;udkcsnf; tjypfyHkcsjcif;rjyKoifhyg/ or®m
usrf;pmazmfjycsuft& uREkfyfwdkY jiif;qefaomolwdkYonf udk,fum,
tvdkodkY4if;? pdwf\tvdkodkY4if; vdkufojzifh umr*kPfwdkYü usifvnf
onfjzpfí <uif;aomolwdkYuJhodkYyif........ ({ 2;2-3)
rSefygonf/ uREkfyfwdkY\ remcHrIaMumifh bk&m;ocifa&SUarSmuf
wGif tjypf&Sdolrsm;jzpf&Muonf/ ZeD;? rdwfaqG? rdb rnfoludkrQ
tjypfwifp&mrvdkyg/ uREfkyfwdkY BuD;jyif;vmcJhaom ywf0ef;usif?
aexdkifcJh&aomtajctaewdkYudkvnf; tjypfzdkYp&mtaMumif;r&Sd/
oifonfom oifhtjypftwGuf wm0ef&SdouJhodkY uREkfyfvnf; xdk
enf;wljzpfonf/
vlom;tcsif;csif;tMum; wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; rESpfNrdKUrIrsm;? cGJjcm;
qufqHrIrsm;wGif tjypfonfom y"meusonfudkawGU&rnfjzpf
onf/ bk&m;rJh0g'udk vufcHolESifh ,HkMunfoltMum; wlnDaom
tcsufwpfckrSm tjypfjyKvkyfjcif;jzpfouJhodkY tm&yfESifh ,k'wdkYwGif
vnf; þtcsufomjzpfonf/ wwd,urÇmjzpfaom ,aeY pufrI
enf;ynmwdk;wufaomurÇmrS vlwdkYtxJwGif wlnDaomt&monf
tjypfyifjzpfygonf/ uGefjrLepfESifht&if;&SifwdkYonf 0g'rwlMuaomf
(37)
vnf; tjypfvkyfjcif;u twlwljzpfovdk? &JESifh &mZ0wfom;? trsKd;
orD;0g'DwpfOD;ESifh trsKd;om;0g'DtMum;wGifvnf; xkdenf;vnf;
aumif;yif/ jynfhwefqmESifh "r®q&m? vlqif;&JESihf vlcsrf;om? ynm&Sd
ESifh ynmrJhwdkYvnf; rjcm;em;Mu/ vltaygif;wdkYonf 'kp½dkufudk jyK
í bk&m;ocifha&SUawmfü toa&ysufMuNyD/ (a&m 3;23) tjypfjyK
rIonf y"metusqHk;jzpfonfh vlwdkYtMum;wnf&Sdaeonfh wif;rm
rIwdkYjzpfonf/
tjypfjyKolwdkYtwGuf wpfckwnf;aom arQmfvifhcsufrSm ocif
a,½Ic&pfomjzpfonf/ ocifa,½Iu ajzmifhrwfaomoludk aemifw
odkY ac:jcif;iSm igvmonfr[kwf? qkd;aomolwdkYudk ac:jcif;iSm ig
vmownf; (r 9;13)/ oefY&Sif;aomtm;jzifh bkef;BuD;awmfrlx
aom bk&m;ocif\ emrwHqdyfvufrSwfudk uREkfyfwdkYtaeESifh r
arQmfrSef;Edkifaom tuGmta0;rSyif vGJcJhayNyD/ ]tjypf} [lonf bk&m;
ocif\ emrwHqdyfrS a0;uGmapjcif;jzpfonf/ vlom;wkdYtaejzihf
tjypfukd ukpm;Ekdifjcif;iSm rwwfEkdifyg/ vlom;wdkYtaejzifh rarQmf
rSef;Ekdifaom arQmfukd;jcif;jzpfonfh aumif;pGmaexkdifjcif;? aumif;pGm
tvkyfvkyfjcif;wdkYjzifhom bk&m;ocifxHrS Nidrfoufjcif;&aprnf[k
txifra&mufoifhyg/ trSefrSm udk,fukodkvfaMumifh u,fwifawmf
rljcif;odkY a&mufonfr[kwf/ odkYjzpfí tb,folrQ 0g<um;p&mtcGifh
r&Sd/ ({ 2;9)/ xkdYaMumifh u,fwifjcif;ESifh ywfoufí a,½Iu
,ZfylaZmfjcif;tusifhxuf oem;jcif;*½kPmtusifhudk igESpfouf\/
(r 9;13) [k qdk\/
bk&m;ocif\ oem;jcif; *½kPmudk rSefuefpGmem;vnfEdkifjcif;
onf rdrdwdkY\tjypfrsm;rS vGwfcsdefwGif jzpfay:onf/
odkYaomfvnf; *½kPmawmfjzifh <u,f0awmfrlaom.... ({ 2;4)
qdkonfESifhtnD u,fwifjcif;rSm bk&m;ocif\ tzdk;tctaeESifh
awmif;cHjcif;r&Sdaom vufaqmifjzpfygonf/ ,HkMunfaomtm;jzifh
aus;Zl;awmfaMumifh u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf&\/ udk,ftvdkt
avQmufa&muf&onfr[kwf/ bk&m;ocif oem;awmfrl&mjzpfo
wnf;/ ({ 2;8) c&pfawmfudk,fawmfwdkif BuD;rm;aom*½kPmawmf
jzifh txGwfjrwfqHk;aom ,ZfylaZmfjcif;udkjyKjcif;jzifh tjypfjyKolwdkY
tm; bk&m;ocifxHawmfodkY ydkYaqmifay;cJhygonf/
*½kPmawmft&Sifbk&m;ocifonf wpfyg;wnf;aom om;
awmfocifa,½IxHrSwqifh jynfhpHkaomtoufudk &apjcif;jyK\/ odkY
&mwGif bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&SdNyD; ay;xm;aomtoufudk bk&m;
ocifu csnfaESmifxm;jcif;r&Sd/ bk&m;ocif\ tvdkawmfudk oif
wHkYjyef&ef txl;vdktyfvSygonf/ bk&m;ocifu ,ck yifESpfouf
zG,faumif;aomtcsdef&Sd\/ ,ckyif u,fwif&maeY&uf umv&Sd\
[k (2aum 6;2) ü qdkxm;ygonf/ wpfcsdefcsdefwGif oifonf touf
wmudk oifhudkoif ajzmifhrwfatmifBudK;pm;rnf[k qdkcJhygvQif
c&pfawmf\pum;ukd owd&&ef vkdygonf/ ajzmifhrwfaomolwdkYudk
aemifwodkY ac:jcif;iSm igvmonfr[kwf/ qkd;aomolwdkYudk ac:jcif;
iSm igvmownf/ (r 9;13)
yxrtqifhtaejzifh t"dujyóemjzpfaom tjypfudk ajz&Sif;
&efvdkygonf/ oifhtaejzifh rnfodkYyifjzpfaeygavap? rnfonfh
tqifhwGif a&mufaeygap c&pfawmfonf vufawmfudk qefYwef;
vsuf oifhtm; urf;vifhBudKqdkaeygonf/ udk,fawmfonf oiffhxH
rS “tdk bk&m;ocif tjypfrsm;aom tuREkfyfudk oem;jcif;*½kPm
pdwf&Sdawmfrlyg ” (vk 18;13)
7473
(38)
7675
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef
1/ ,aeY vlUtzGJUtpnf;twGif;wGif aMuuGJ
zG,f&maumif;avmufatmif rSm;aeonf
udk oifowdjyKrdyg&JUvm;/
2/ oif zsm;emaecsdefwGif q&m0efonf aq;r
ay;rD oifha&m*gZpfjrpfudk odzdkYvdkonfudk
ta&;BuD;aMumif; oifoabmaygufyg&JU
vm;/
3/ or®musrf;pmu oifhjyóem\ t&if;
tjrpfudk ppfNyD;ygNyDvm;/ tajzudk ñTef;jy
NyD;ygNyDvm;/
wpfcgu &Srm&dNrdK Uü &S drkeftrnf&S dvlwpfa,mufonfwpfcgu &Srm&dNrdK Uü &S drkeftrnf&S dvlwpfa,mufonfwpfcgu &Srm&dNrdK Uü &S drkeftrnf&S dvlwpfa,mufonfwpfcgu &Srm&dNrdK Uü &S drkeftrnf&S dvlwpfa,mufonfwpfcgu &Srm&dNrdK Uü &S drkeftrnf&S dvlwpfa,mufonf
ol\rsufvSnfhynmjzif hol\rsufvSnfhynmjzif hol\rsufvSnfhynmjzif hol\rsufvSnfhynmjzif hol\rsufvSnfhynmjzif h
Nrd K UolNrdK Uom;wkd Ytm; azsmfajzrIjyK&mNrdK UolNrdK Uom;wkd Ytm; azsmfajzrIjyK&mNrdK UolNrdK Uom;wkd Ytm; azsmfajzrIjyK&mNrdK UolNrdK Uom;wkd Ytm; azsmfajzrIjyK&mNrdK UolNrdK Uom;wkd Ytm; azsmfajzrIjyK&m
&Srm&dwpfNrdK UvH k; wtHhwMojzpfapí jynfoltrsm; BuD;i,fra&G;u&Srm&dwpfNrdK UvH k; wtHhwMojzpfapí jynfoltrsm; BuD;i,fra&G;u&Srm&dwpfNrdK UvH k; wtHhwMojzpfapí jynfoltrsm; BuD;i,fra&G;u&Srm&dwpfNrdK UvH k; wtHhwMojzpfapí jynfoltrsm; BuD;i,fra&G;u&Srm&dwpfNrdK UvH k; wtHhwMojzpfapí jynfoltrsm; BuD;i,fra&G;u
þyk*¾ d Kvfonf bk&m;ocif\wefcd k;&&S doljzpfonf[k ajymqdkMuygonf/þyk*¾ d Kvfonf bk&m;ocif\wefcd k;&&S doljzpfonf[k ajymqdkMuygonf/þyk*¾ d Kvfonf bk&m;ocif\wefcd k;&&S doljzpfonf[k ajymqdkMuygonf/þyk*¾ d Kvfonf bk&m;ocif\wefcd k;&&S doljzpfonf[k ajymqdkMuygonf/þyk*¾ d Kvfonf bk&m;ocif\wefcd k;&&S doljzpfonf[k ajymqdkMuygonf/
a'gufwm vkcfa'gufwm vkcfa'gufwm vkcfa'gufwm vkcfa'gufwm vkcf
(39)
7877
uRefawmfi,fpOfu t*Fvefjynfwpfae&mwGif aecJhygonf/
ppftwGif;jzpfojzifh &efolU AHk;BuJav,mOfrsm; jzwfausmf ysHoef;&m
ae&mjzpfygonf/ xkdAHk;BuJav,mOfrsm;onf t*Fvefjynftv,ffydkif;
ESifhajrmufydkif;&Sd pufrIZHkrsm;udk AHk;BuJ&ef aenrjywf ysHoef;aeMu
onf/ xkdtcg uRefawmfESifh oli,fcsif;rsm;onf &efolUav,mOf
tif*sifpufoHESifh uRefawmfwdkY wdkufav,mOftif*sifpufoHudk cGJjcm;
wwfvmMuygonf/ ntcsdefqdkvQif &efolUav,mOfrsm;udk ajrjyif
rS rD;arSmif;xkd;NyD; ypfrSwfudk &Smaomtcg tvGefpdwfvIyf&Sm;&yg
onf/ av,mOfypf tajrmufypfcwfoHESifh uRefawmfwdkY wkdufav
,mOfrsm;u &efolav,mOfrsm;udk ypfcwfwdkufcdkufrnfudk arQmfvifh
aerdMuygonf/
&efolav,mOfwpfpD;ypfcszsufqD;jcif;cH&NyDqdkvQif avol&Jrsm;
avxD;ESifh ckefqif;vmrnfudk apmihfMunfhrdMuygonf/ &efolavol
&Jrsm; uRefawmfwdkYajray:a&mufvmcsdefwGif tvG,fwulvGwf
ajrmufoGm;jcif;r&SdapzdkY? wm0ef&Sdolrsm;taejzifh vrf;qHkvrf;cG&Sd
vrf;ñTefqdkif;bkwfrsm;udk jzKwfcsxm;onfudk awGU&ygonf/
tcef; 6tcef; 6tcef; 6tcef; 6tcef; 6
rnfonfhtaMumif;aMumifhvltrsm;vrf;vGJvdkufcJh&ygovJ
odkYr[kwfygu olwdkYvGwfajrmufoGm;NyD; aemufwpfBudrf uRefawmf
wkdYajray: AHk;cszsufqD;MuOD;rnfjzpfonf/ þodkYjzifh vrf;trSwft
om;rsm; r&SdoavmufjzpfoGm;ygawmhonf/
odkYaomf NrdKUjyifwpfae&mrS Wooten Woods u vltoGm;t
vmenf;aom vrf;qHkvrf;i,fav;wpfckwGifrl qdkif;bkwfi,fav;
wpfck rjzKwfodrf;&ao;onfudk odaom uRefawmfwkYd vli,fwpfpk
onf xkdqdkif;bkwfi,fav;udk vrf;ajymif;ñTefxm;cJhMuonf
uRefawmfwdkYtaeESifh ppfatmifEdkif&ef wpfbufwpfvrf;u ulnDcJh
Muonf[k txifa&mufcJhygonf/ aemufNyD; wm0ef&Sdolrsm;uJhodkY
uRefawmfwdkY ajray:a&mufvmaom &efolrsm;udk vSnfhpm;vdkí þ
odkY jyKMujcif;jzpfonf/
trSefrSm &efolrsm;vufxJwGif tm;udk;avmufaom ajryHkwpfck
om&SdaecJhvQif uREkffyfwdkY\vkyfaqmifcsufonf &efolrsm;twGuf
jyóemjzpfp&mr&Sdyg/ &efolonf ajryHkudkomMunfhrnfqdkvQif qdkif;
bkwfvSnfhxm;aomfvnf; tcsnf;ESD;om/
bk&m;ocifu olUtm; wrf;w&SmazGaeonfholrsm;onf
tvSnfhjzm;cH&EdkifaMumif; ajymxm;ygonf/
rnfolrqdk tHhMozG,ft&mtjynfh&Sdaeaom pMu0VmBuD;wnf&Sd
aejcif;onf zefqif;&SifaMumifhr[kwfyg[k qdkaeygu xdkolonf
t,lrSm;\ vSnfhzsm;jcif;udk cHae&NyDjzpfonf/
ynm&Sdta,mifaqmifvsufESifh vlrdkuft&mü wnfMuonf
jzpfí xdkolwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudk rodrrSwfvdkonfjzpfí?
ravQmufywfaomtrIudk jyKaprnftaMumif; bk&m;ocif
onf olwkdYudk arm[vufxJodkY tyfvdkufonfESifhtnD.......(a&mr 1;22? 28)
(40)
8281
þodkY rSm;,Gif;aomt,ltq&Sdolonf zefqif;xm;aom 0wåK
ypönf;rsm;udkom udk;uG,fNyD; zefqif;&Sifxm0&bk&m;ocifudk
ypfy,fxm;Muygonf/ rSefuefaomt,ltq&Sdolrsm;rSmrl zefqif;
&Sifbk&m;ocifudkom udk;uG,frnfjzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh bk&m;
ocifonfom zefqif;&SifjzpfaMumif;udk vufrcHbJ jiif;qefae
rnfqdkvQif bk&m;ocifonf oifhtm; ysufpD;,dk,Gif;jcif;udk ay;
awmfrlvdrfhrnf/ pm&dwåysufjym;jcif;onf rSm;,Gif;aom t,ludk
vufcHjcif;jzpfonf/
bk&m;ocifonf EIwfuywfawmfudk jiif;qefaeaomolrsm;
tm; ysufpD;rnhfvrf;udk a&G;cs,fvufcH&ef toifhjzpfaeNyD[k qdkyg
onf/ rnfolrqdk EIwfuywfawmf\ wdusrSefuefrIudk rcH,ljiif;
y,faeygu rdrdonf tvGeftEÅ&m,f&Sdaom taetxm;odkY a&muf
aeNyDqdkonfudk odrSwf&efvdkygonf/
........taMumif;rlum; xdkolwdkYonf u,fwifjcif;odkYa&muftHh
aomiSm or®mw&m;ü arGUavsmfaompdwfudk rcHr,lMu/
xdkaMumifh or®mw&m;udk r,HkbJ rw&m;aomtrIü arGUavsmf
aomoltaygif;wdkYonf w&m;½HI;jcif;odkY a&mufrnftaMumif;?
rkompum;udk ,HkpdrfhaomiSm rdpäm'dXjyKjyiftm;xkwfjciff;tcGifh
udk olwdkYü bk&m;ocif vTwfawmfrlvdrfhrnf/
(2ouf 2;10? 11? 12)
wpfpHkwpfOD;onf or®mw&m;udk vspfvsL½I (okdY) jiif;y,fygu
xkdolonf rSm;,Gif;jcif;udk axG;ydkufxm;oljzpfonf/
wpfcgu uRefawmf vef'efNrdKU&JU ydef;ydwfatmifarSmifaewJh
ESif;jrLxkxJrSm tdrftjyefvrf;udk BudK;pm;&SmcJhwmudk trSwf&rdyg
w,f/ uRefawmfh tdrfvrf;xdyfa&mufzdkY &EdkiforQ tultnDtm;vHk;
udk toHk;cs&ygw,f/ vufESdyf"mwfrD;&JUtvif;a&mifuvnf; vuf
wpfurf;twGif;awmif jrifEdkifzdkY cufvSygw,f/ bk&m;ocifu
tm;BuD;aom aoG;aqmifrIonf pdwfudk jrLzHk;vTrf;ovdkjzpfNyD; xdkodkY
trIonf urÇmukefonfwdkif &SdaernfjzpfaMumif;ajymygonf/ þodkY
jzpf&jcif;rSm vlwkdYonf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfudk ypfy,f
xm;Mujcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/ wynfhawmfrsm;u udk,fawmfjyef<uvm
jcif;ESifh aemufqHk;aomaeY&ufwkdYudk tb,fedrdwfjzifh od&rnf
enf;[k ar;avQmufMuaomf? udk,fawmfu
taMumif;rlum;? c&pfawmf\ ta,mifudk aqmifaomolESifh
rdpämya&mzufwdkYonf ay:vmí a&G;cs,faomolwkdYudkyif
vSnfhjzm;EdkifvQif vSnfhjzm;Edkifavmufatmif BuD;pGmaom edrdwf
vu©Pm? tHHMozG,faomtrIudkwdkY jyMuvdrfhrnf/
(róJ 24;24)
“igawmh tnmrrdao;ygbl;”[k oifonf ajymaumif;ajymae
rnfjzpfonf/ qufvufNyD; twkawGudk vG,fvG,feJY odEdkifygw,f
[kqdkNyD; *kPf,laecJhrnfqdkvQif jyefpOf;pm;Munfhyg/ udk,fudk,fwdkif
wu,fyif trSefw&m;udk r,HkMunfcJhygu bk&m;ocifu rm&fewf
udk vSnfhpm;zkdY tcGifhay;vdkufovdkjzpfoGm;NyD; oifhudk,foif vSnfhpm;
cHvdkuf&rSef; odvdkufrnfr[kwfacs/
vrf;rSm;vdkufrdzkdYqdkonfrSm pdwfay:rlwnfonfhtwGuf rnfol
rqdk todÓPf&ifhusufvmNyDqdkvQif rdrd\pdwfu vSnfhjzm;rIudk
vufcHrnfr[kwf/
or®musrf;pmudk zwfNyD; trSefw&m;udk jiif;qefojzifh vSnfh
(41)
8281
jzm;cH&zkdY vrf;zGifhay;NyD;jzpfonfh vlrsm;xJwGif ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm;&Sdygonf/
wpfrsKd;rSm todÓPf ynm*kPfaMumifh rmeaxmifvTm;NyD; rdrdudk,f
udk jynfh0NyD;[k txiffa&mufaeolwdkYESifh 'kwd,trsKd;tpm;rSm yif
udk pdwft&if;cHudku qefYusifawmfvSefvdkonfhvlrsKd;jzpfygonf/ odkY
aomfvnf; rnfoljzpfap bk&m;ocif\ tvdkawmfudk ppfrSefaom
qE´ESifh aqmifvdkygu c&pfawmf\ txl;uwdawmfudk cHpm;&rnf
jzpfygonf/ xkdol\tvdkawmfodkY vkdufcsifaomolrnfonfum;?
þa'oemonf bk&m;ocif\a'oemjzpfoavm/ igonf udk,f
tvdktavsmuf a[moavm[k ydkfif;jcm;í odvdrfhrnf/ (a,m 7;17)
oifonf bk&m;ociftrIawmfjrwftwGuf trSefwu,f
aqmif&GufvdkonfqdkvQif or®musrf;pmonf oifhtm; bmukd,Hkyg/
bmudkr,Hk&/ b,f[mudk vdkufemusifhBuHNyD; rnfonfudkjzifh a&Smif&
rnf[k oifjyxm;aMumif;udk ,HkrSwfxm;yg/
xkdYaMumifh rdrdudk,fudk omomejyKq&mtjzpf rSwf,lxm;olrsm;
onf a[majymoGefoifonfhtcg bk&m;EIwfuywfawmfr[kwfonf
udk y,fvsuf vGJrSm;aomt,ludkr,lrdap&ef owdcsyfoifhonf/
,ckacwfumvwGif pmwef\aemufvdkufrsm;onf c&pf,mef
ta&ukdNcHKvsuf rSm;,Gif;aomt,lrsm;udk ñTefjyaeMuygonf/
or®mw&m;jzpfaom crnf;awmf? om;awmf? oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOf
awmfbk&m;wnf;[laom oHk;yg;wpfqlbk&m;udk qefYusifaomolwkdY
onf ya&mzuftwkta,mifrsm;omjzpfMuonf/ xdkolwdkYonf
or®musrf;pmrS pmydk'ftcsKdUudk tvGJ,lvsuf? vdk&mt"dyÜm,faumuf
vsuf vGJrSm;aomt,ludk wifjyaeMuygonf/ q&mwkq&ma,mif
rsm;udk pdppf&mwGif xkdolwdkYtm; “c&pfwmfonf rnfolygvJ” [laom
ar;cGef;jzifh pdppfEdkifygonf/ 'Dtcsufonfyif oifhtaejzifh udk,f
awmfonf rnfoljzpfaMumif;udk odzdkYvdktyfonfh taMumif;rsm;xJ
rS wpfckjzpfygonf/
oiftaejzifh c&pfawmfonf om;awmfbk&m;jzpfonfudk {uef
rkcsodaomtcsdefwGif tjcm;vQKdU0SuftzGJUtpnf;rsm;ü&Sdwwfonfh
&Jazmf&Jzufpdwf"mwfESifh wpfOD;ESifh wpfOD;ulnD½dkif;yif;jcif;onf
tjcm;aom0dnmOfa&;&mvSnfhpm;jcif;tjzpf BuHKawGU&ygvdrfhrnf/
bk&m;ocifu tqdkygtzGJUtpnf;rsm;taMumif; xkwfazmfajymqdkae
pOfrSmyif þtkyfpkrsm;u a,½Ic&pfawmf\oGefoifcsufrsm;udk
vQpfvsL½IMuygonf/
ighudktrDSrjyKvQif tb,folrQ crnf;awmfxHodkY ra&muf&
(a,m 14;6) or®musrf;pmxJwGif rSm;,Gif;aom ,HkMunf
csuf&Sdaomolrsm;tm; avSmifajymifaompum;rsm;udk rSwf
wrf;wifxm;ygonf/ bk&m;ocifwqlwnf;&Sdonf[k oif
,Hk\/ aumif;ay\/ ewfqdk;wdkYonf ,Hkí aMumuf&GHUMu\/
(,m 2;19) *
*Freemasonry ac: EdkifiHwum vQKdU0Suftoif;BuD;taejzifh urÇmw0Srf;
toif;0if 10 oef; cefY&Sdaeonf[k 0ifh<um;ajymqdkvsuf &Sdygonf/ odkY&mwGif
þtoif;BuD;\ rljzpfonfh nD&if;tpfudkuJhodkY cspfcifrI? wm0ef,lrIESifhtrSefw&m;udk
tav;xm;rIponfwdkYonf tzGJU0ifrjzpfao;aomolrsm;tzdk Y tEÅ&m,fr&Sdyg/
toif;0ifwpfOD;jzpfvmEdkif&ef vdkvm;olwpfOD;taeESifh olonf tarSmifxJrS tvif;
qDodkY vSrf;aeolwpfOD;jzpfonf[k 0efcH&ygonf/ c&pfawmfaemufvdkufwpfOD; taeESifh
tvif;udk jrifawGUNyD;olwpfOD;[k ,HkMunfNyD;om;jzpfygonf/ c&pfawmfu igonf
avmutvif;jzpf\/ ighaemufvdkufaomolonf arSmifrdkufüroGm;rvm? touf\
tvif;udk &vdrfhrnf[k rdefYawmfrl\/ Masonic toif;0iftjzpf oGwfoGif;onfhtcrf;
tem;onf tvGeftouf0ifvSonf/ toif;0ifjzpfrnfholtm; or®musrf;pmyg
(42)
8483
bk&m;ocif[laom t,ltqrS aoGznfonfh Gauto trnfESifh rdwfqufay;&mwGif
þtrnfonf aysmufuG,faeaombk&m;\trnf[k odaponfhtjyif Gauto onf
cef Ynm;aom Adokum[k rSwf,lapygonf/ oabmw&m; taeESif hrlum;
bk&m;&SdaMumif; vufcHolwdkif; rnfoljzpfap Ak'¨bmom? [dE´Lbmom? tpövmrf?
,k'odkYr[kwf c&pf,meftm;vHk;wdkYonf toif;0if jzpfEdkifygonf/ xdkYaMumifh Gauto
(vlom;wdkYtaeESifhcH,lxm;onfhbk&m;) onf or®musrf;pmyg c&pfawmftm; [kwfrSef
aomtvif; (a,m 1;9)[k qdkonfrSm aoGzDaeygonf/ wpfzef omreftoif;om;
rS q&mjzpfvmcsdefwGif olUtm; bk&m;emropfwpfck Jahbulon udk oifMum;
ay;jyefygonf/ þtrnfonf ,k'ESifhta&SUtv,fydkif;trnfrsm; aygif;pyfac:
xm;aom bk&m;\trnfjzpfygonf/ JAH rSm YAHWEH,BUL ESifh ON wdkYrS qif;
oufvmjcif;jzpfNyD; þodkY pDpOfjyKjyif&jcif;rSm Masonic toif;BuD;\ BuD;us,f
jrifhjrwfcefYnm;rI&Edkif&ef BudK;pm;jcif;wpf&yf tygt0if jcm;em;aomt,lrsm;udk
aygif;pyfxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ c&pfawmfu rdefYawmfrlonfrSm oif\tvif;aomfum;?
arSmifrdkufjzpfvQif xkdtrdkufonf tvGefrdkufpGwum;/ (r 6;23)
,aeY uREkfyfwdkY jrifawGUae&onfrSm bk&m;ocifESifh or®m
usrf;pmudk rsufuG,fjyKonfh bmomBuD;rsm;\ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;
onf pdk;&drfp&maumif;avmufatmif wdk;yGm;vmaerIjzpfygonf/
rsm;jym;vSaom [dE´Lbmom*dkPf;rsm;onf vlopfrsm;udk qGJaqmif
aeMuygonf/ wpfcsdfefu c&pf,mefbmomtajcpdkufcJhaom EdkifiH
BuD;rsm;wGif [dE´La,m*DusifhpOfwpfckjzpfaom Transcendental
Meditation ac: orxw&m;xdkifenf;rsKd;ESifh ta&SUwdkif; vQKdU0Suf
ynm? a,m*DynmESihf tjcm;ynmrsm;onf csOf;eif;0ifvmonfudk
awGUjrifae&ygonf/ [dELbmomrSm cGJxGufvmaom *dkPf;rsm;onf
zefqif;&Sifwpfyg;wnf;rubJ bk&m;trsm;tjym;udk udk;uG,faeMu
ygonf/ þt,ltqrsm;aMumifh rSm;,Gif;aomt,ltqrsm;tay:
rdrdudk,fudk *k½ktrnfcHNyD; odu©mwifolrsm;\ qGJaqmifrIaemuf
vdkufaeolrsm;wdkYonf ESdrfhcspGm avmuodkY <uqif;vmawmfrlaom
zefqif;&Sifbk&m;udk vspfvQL½Ixm;MuonfrSm 0rf;enf;p&myif/
tpövmrft,ludk cH,lxm;onfh rGwfpvifurÇmrSvnf; BudK;pm;
tm;xkwfrI BuD;pGmESifh rdrdwdkYt,l0g'udk jyefYyGm;apygonf/ þEdkifiH
rsm;onf a&eH<u,f0rItjyif EdkifiHwumta&;wGifvnf; xJxJ0if
0if yg0ifvmEkdifrIaMumifh olwdkY\MoZmonf tjcm;aomEdkifiHrsm;
txdxkd;azmuf0ifvmonfrSm rBuHKbl;avmufatmif wkd;wufvm
ygonf/ a,½I&SvifNrdKUrS Temple Mount &Sd olwkdY\ Dome of
the Rock ac: AdrmefrS bk&m;ocif\ owif;aumif;udk &J0HhpGmyif
jiif;qdkcJhygonf/ tma&Apfbmomjzifh tqdkyg Dome of the Rock
ywfvnfwGif bk&m;ocifonf pGefYvTGwfjcif;udkrjyKouJhodkY bk&m;
ociftm; pGefYy,fjcif;iSm rpGrf;Edkifay [k uAÁnf;xkd;xm;ygonf/
rnfodkYyifjzpfap or®musrf;pmu
bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfudk ,HkMunfaomoltaygif;wdkY
onf ysufpD;jcif;odkYra&muf? xm0&toufudk &apjcif;iSm
bk&m;ocifonf rdrdü wyg;wnf;aomom;awmfudk
pGefYawmfrlonfwdkifatmif avmuDom;wdkYudk cspfawmfrl\/
(a,m 3;16)
0dnmOfa&;&müom vSnfhpm;cH&jcif;r[kwfyg/ avmuDa&;&m
wGifvnf; vlomy"me[laom tawG;tac:udk OD;pm;ay;jcif;jzifh
vlonf pMu0VmBuD;\ tcsuftjcmomjzpfonf[laom vlUabmif
tzGJUtpnf;\ BuD;rm;vSaom &nf&G,fcsufrSm vlUb0wdk;wufrIom
jzpfygonf/ wuúodkvfrsm;? rD'D,mESifh ywfoufonfh toHvTifhESifh
½kyfjrifoHMum;? owif;pm? *sme,frsm;tqHk; vlom y"me0g'Dudk
(43)
a<u;aMumforI jyKMuygonf/ “rdrdudk,frdrdtvdkvdkufprf;yg” a<u;
aMumfcsufrSm wpfudk,faumif;qefaom aMumfjimolwkdY\ y&dowf
udk qGJaqmifzdkY BudK;yrf;rIwpfckomjzpfonf/
vlomy"me0g'DqdkonfrSm vlom;udk udk;uG,frIwpf&yfxuf
rydkonfhtjyif tcsKdUawG;xifMuovdk 'óeduaA'topfvnf;
r[kwfyg/ &Sifaygvkvufxufü bk&m;&Sifu olwdkYonf rSefaom
bk&m;ocift&mü trSm;udkxm;vsuf? zefqif;wwfaomocifudk
y,fí zefqif;tyfaomt&mudk 0wfjyKudk;uG,faomoljzpfMu\/
(a&m 1;25)/ vlom y"me0g'Dudk pGJudkifxm;aomolrsm;udk bk&m;&Sif
u ajrBuD;tjrpfudk igwnfaomtcg oifonf tb,frSm &Sdoenf;/
em;vnfvQif abmfjyavmh (a,mb 38;4) [kEdSrfhcspGmjzifh ar;cGef;
xkwfxm;ygonf/ urÇmOD;usrf;ü pmwefonf {0tm; rjzpfEdkifonfh
udpöudk jzpfEdkifonfqdkNyD; bk&m;ocifuJhodkY jzpfvwHh (u 3;5) vSnfh
jzm;xm;ygonf/ ,aeYacwfwGifvnf; pmwefonf &GH&SmzG,faumif;
aom olUvkyfaqmifcsufudk vGJrSm;aom t,l0g'rsm;jzifh vlom
y"me0g'udk tqdkjyKaeygonf/
acwfvli,fwpfa,mufonf EdkifiHa&;? bmoma&;udpörsm;wGif
pdwf0ifpm;rIenf;yg;wwfonfrSm "r®wmyifjzpfygonf/ olwdkYtae
ESihf EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm;udk r,HkMunfonfhtjyif bmoma&;üvnf;
olwkdYonf t&mra&muf[k txif&SdMuonf/ rdrdwdkY &G,fwljcif;
aygif;vsuf rdrdwdkYpdwftvdkjynfh0&maemufodkY vdkufwwfMuonfrSm
obm0yifjzpfygonf/ acwfay:aw;*Dwrsm;jzpfaom Punk Rock,
New Wave Music, Heavy Metal, Hip Hop ponfwdkYESifh acwf
tavQmufcHpm;NyD; txD;usefaerIrsm;u xGufaygufudk BudK;pm;ae
Mujcif;jzpfygonf/
oifhtaejzifh oifem;axmifcHpm;aeaom aw;oDcsif;rsm;\
pmom;rsm;udk owdxm;rdrSm aocsmygonf/ aemufwpfcsufrSm
acwfa&pD;aMumif;tvdkuf a&;zGJUxm;aom oDcsif;pmom;rsm;udk
trsm;pku pmwef0g'D? olwpfyg;udk xdcdkufapaom? umrvIHUaqmf
tm;ay;rIponfrsm;yg0ifonf[k 0efcHMujcif;r&SdMuaomfvnf; rrSef
yg[kvnf; ajymír&/ wpfcgwpfavwGif i&Jcef;taMumif;udk xdwf
vefYzG,f&maumif;avmufatmif azmfjyxm;wwfygonf/ þodkY
&ufpufMurf;MuKwfrIESifh ,Ofyg;aeaomcwfBuD;xJwGif aexkdifaeMu
&aom vli,frsm;onf ywf0ef;usiftajctaersm;aMumifh wpfpHk
wpfOD;udk &efjyKwdkufcdkuf&ef tm;ay;cHaeMu&ygonf/
avmhtdef*svdpfNrdKU (Los Angeles) &Sda&cJwdkuf(&ifcGJ½Hk)xJ&Sd
tavmif 600 teuf trsm;pkrSm vli,frsm;jzpfMuonf/ xkd t
avmif;rsm;onf rnfolrnf0gjzpfaMumif; odEdkifzdkY&ef &ifcGJ½HkxJwGif
3v cefY xm;&ygonf/ 3 vjynfhí rnfoljzpfaMumif; rod&vQif
tpdk;&uwm0ef,loN*ØK[fvdkufygawmhonf/ trsm;pkrSm rl;,pf
aq;0g;aMumifhvrf;rSm;odkY a&mufcJhMujcif;jzpfonf/ vrf;qHk;a&muf
aomf jyefvSnfhzkdY&ef aemufusayNyD/ tu,fíom þvkli,frsm;
onf igrlum;? odk;wdkYonf toufvGwf½Hkru txl;ojzifh touf
ESifhjynfhpHkapjcif;iSm vmownf; (a,m 10;10) [laom c&pfawmf\
EIwfuywfawmfudk Mum;odvdkufemcJhrnfqdkygu þodkYaom tjzpfqdk;
rsKd;ESifh BuHK&rnfr[kwfay/
aemufwpfckrSm ,cktcg taemufEkdifiHrsm;ESifh tar&duwdkuf
wdkYwGif tHhrcef;wdk;yGm;vmaom atmufvrf;ynmonf txufazmf
jyygtaMumif;t&mrsm;udk ydkNyD; ½IwfaxG;apygawmhonf/ cdkifrmaom
owif;rsm;t& vGefcJhaomESpfaygif; 1500 cefYu Oa&mywdkuftESHU
8685
(44)
acwfpm;cJhaom atmufvrf;ynm&yfonf ,ckuJhodkY avmu"mwf
ynmxGef;um;aeonfhacwfwGif jyefvnfacgif;axmifvmonfqdk
onfhtcsufyifjzpfonf/
rnfodkYrQ rxifrSwfonfhae&mrsm;wGif pmwefudk udk;uG,frIay:
aygufrsm;jym;vmjcif;yifjzpfonf/ vef'efNrdKU uJifpifweft&yfwGif
vef'efrS pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;&Sifrsm;? ynm&Sifrsm;pka0;NyD; azmfjyyg
atmufvrf;ynmyGJawmfudk usif;ycJhMuonf/ Oa&mywdkufw0Srf;
wGifvnf; pkef;ua0arSmftwwfvdkufpm;olrsm;wdkYonf a0;vHvS
aom Aiful;bm;uRef;wdkif ysHUESHUcJhavNyDjzpfonf/ tmz&duwdkuf
rd½dk;zvm"avhudk;uG,frIrS qif;oufvmaom aoqHk;olrsm;\
0dnmOfac:rI tavhtusifhudk twk,lusif;yaeMuonfudkvnf;
awGUjrif&ygonf/ tdrfwGif;upm;yGJrsm;wGifvnf; ]ajrwGif;xJrS ajr
e*g;}rsm;ESifh wdkufcdkufupm;Muonf/ Quija Board ac: wdkufcdkuf
upm;enf;awGvnf; 'kp½dkufESifhobm0vGef t,ltqwdkYrS vdktif
qE´jynfhcsifolrsm;udk wyfrufpGJvef;apygonf/ þodkYaom t,l
tqrsm; xkd;xGif;0ifa&mufvmEdkifjcif;onfyif 0dnmOfa&;&mudk
tay:,Havhvmjcif;aMumifhjzpfygonf/ vlwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudk
wrf;w&SmazG&mwGif vrf;rSm;udk vdkufrdNyD; 0dnmOfa&;&mtrdkufarSmif
zHk;vTrf;jcif;udk cHvkduf&Muygonf/ þodkYjzpf&jcif;onfvnf; ,Of
aus;vSygonfqdkaom todkif;t0dkif;xJwGif tjzpfrsm;ygonf/
þavmuBuD;\ aemufqHk;aeYtaMumif; bk&m;ocifa[mMum;
onfudk uREfkyfwdkYaumif;pGmrSwfrdMuygrnf/ udk,fawmf&Sif owday;
a[mMum;onfrSm aemufqHk;aomtcsdefwGif rdpämya&mzufrsm;?
tHhMozG,fvu©Pmrsm; wkdYonf BuD;pGmaom rSm;,Gif;rIrsm;jzpfaprnf
jzpfonf/ udk,fawmf&Sifu xkdtcsdefwGif rkom\t&Sifay:vmNyD;
qdk;&Gm;jyKrlrnftaMumif;udk .......pmwefjyKjyifawmfrlaomtm;jzifh
rkomESifhqdkifaom xl;qef;aomwefcdk;? edrdwfvu©Pm? tHhzG,faom
edrdwfvu©Pm trsKd;rsKd;ESifh4if;? ysufpD;jcif;odkYa&mufaom olwdkY
wGif...... (2ouf 2;9? 10) [k azmfjyxm;ygonf/
rSm;aomt,l0g'udk cH,ljcif;? 'kp½dkuftusifhudk usifhjcif;ponf
wdkYaMumifh EkdifiHrsm;pGmwdkYESihf vlUtodkif;t0dkif;twGif;wGif oHo,0if
rI? t½HI;ay;&rI? arQmfvifhjcif;uif;a0;&rIwdkY\ vTrf;rdk;xm;jcif;udk cHae
&ygonf/ pmwef\ vkyf&yfrsm;pGm&Sdaomfvnf; rnfonfh tjyKtrl
urS a,½Ic&pfomvQif u,fwif&Sifjzpfonf[k azmfjyxm;jcif;udk
rawGU&yg/
bk&m;ocif\ trSmpum;t&qdk&vQif þavmuBuD;twGif;
jzpfysufrItvHk;pHkESifhqefYusifaomtajzom&vdrfhrnf/ udk,fawmf \
trSmpum;rSm arQmfvifhcsuf? ,HkMunfpdwfcsrIESifh wuf<uaom
toufwmudk c&pfawmfü awGUYEdkifygonf/ oifhtaeESihf bk&m;ocif
tm; or®musrf;pmwGif &SmazGrnfqdkvQif oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf
u ñTefjyvdrfhrnf/ a,½Iu igonf vrf;c&D;jzpf\/ or®mw&m;
vnf;jzpf\/ toufvnf;jzpf\/ wzef a,½Iu ighudk trSDrjyKvQif
tb,folrQ crnf;awmfxHodkY ra&muf&(a,m 14;6) [k rdefYawmf
rl\/
bk&m;ocifu oifhtm; rSm;,Gif;aomt,ltqrsm;aMumifh
vrf;rSm;udk rvdkufrdap&ef owday;cJhygonf/ wpfzef udk,fawmfu
rsm;jym;vmaom jzm;a,mif;aoG;aqmifrIrsm;u oifh qifjcifEdkifrI
udk zHk;vTrf;apEkdifonf[kvnf; owday;xm;ygonf/ xdkYaemuf þ
odkY uwdawmfay;cJhygonf/
8887
(45)
igonf oifwdkYtm; tusKd;enf;apjcif;iSm MuHpnfaomtMuH
r[kwfbJ oifwdkYonf ajrmfvifhaomtusKd;udk&rnftaMumif;
Nidrf0yfapjcif;iSmom oifwdkYtbdkY MuHpnfaomtMuHudk igod\/
wzef rdefYawmfrlonfum; oifwdkYonf ighudkac:í oGm;vmMu
vdrfhrnf/ qkawmif;aomtcg oifwdkYpum;udk igem;axmifrnf/
ighudk&Smaomtcg oifwkdYpum;udk igem;axmifrnf/ ighudk&Sm
aomtcg pdwfESvHk;t<uif;rJhESihf &SmvQif awGUMuvdrfhrnf/ ig
onfvnf; oifhwdkY tawGUudk cHrnf/ (a, 29;11-14)
9089
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef
1/ rnfuJhodkYaom pdwfESvHk;onf zefqif;&Sif
xuf zefqif;aomt&mudkom udk;uG,f
oenf;/ (a&mr 1;22-28 wGif zwf½Iavh
vmyg)
2/ bk&m;ociftm; oifwrf;w&SmazG&mwGif
rnfodkYaomtodÓPfudk oHk;í &Smoifho
enf;/
u) pdwfESvHk;oabmxm;
c) pdwfqE´
( a,m 7;17 wGif avhvmyg)
3/ bk&m;ocifonf oifhtm; olUxHodkY a&muf
&Sdap&ef xif&Sm;aomvrf;ñTefrIudk ay;NyD;
ygNyDvm;/ (a,m 8;12 udk avhvmyg)
(46)
9291
oif htaeESif h oif&JUb0rSm ta&;ygt&ma&mufqH k;ol
wpfOD;\tcspfudk ar;cGef;xkwfzl;ygovm;/ odkYr[kwf wpfa,muf
a,mufudk tcspfESifhywfoufNyD; oufaoxlzdkY BudK;pm;cJhzl;ygovm;/
rnfokdYyifjzpfap tcspfppftcspfrSefonf tajymxuftvkyfjzifh ouf
aojyjcif;onftaumif;qHk;[k oifwpfcsdefrSm odvmygvdrfhrnf/
tvkyfonf tajymxufydkNyD; xda&mufaMumif; bk&m;ocif
uocifa,½Iudk vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif taocHapcJhjcif;ESifh
udk,fawmf\cspfjcif;arwåmudk oufaoxlcJhNyD;ygNyD/ xdkxufydkNyD;
odomxif&Sm;apaom trSwfonmjyp&m rvdkawmhyg/ uREkfyfwdkY
tay:xm;aom bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmudk onftcsuf
wpfckwnf;jzifh em;vnfzdkY aumif;ygNyD/
uRefawmfhtaejzifh c&pfawmfudkvufcHNyD; rMumcifwGif w
u,fhtjzpftysufwpfckjzpfaom &JabmfwpfOD;eJY c&morm;uav;
wpfa,muftaMumif;udk zwf&ygonf/ ]bdk;0g;} ppfyGJwGifyg0ifae&
onfhtcsdefwGif bk&m;udk,HkMunftm;xm;aom q,fhESpfESpfom;
t&G,fc&morm;uav; 0DvD[dkY(vf)onf bk&m;udk r,HkMunfaom
wjcm;&Jabmf&Spfa,mufESifhtwl wJwpfwJwnf;wGif wm0eft&
vGGefcJhaomESpfaygif;rsm;pGmut*FvefEdkifiH Oykofpmajzausmif;oifwef;wpfckrSm
uav;wpfOD;uol&JUq&mudk ]bk&m;ocifuqdk;wJhuav;rsm;udk cspfwwfovm;}
vdkY ar;cGef;xkwfvdkufawmhq&mu]tdkb,fhES,f ajymygvdrfhb,fcspfyghrvJ}wJh
'DvdktrSwfrxif ajymrIaMumifhuav;wpfa,muftaeeJYbk&m;ocif[mqdk;wwf
wJhuav;awGudk rcspfzl;qdkcJh&if ighudkb,fawmhrScspfrSm r[kwfyg
bl;vdkYtxifa&mufoGm;apEdkifygw,f/ &SdwfpyD;,m;uawmh ]]ppfrSefwJh
cspfjcif;arwåm[mcGJjcm;ajymif;vJjcif;r&Sdygbl;}}wJh
*sD? uif;bJ(vf)armf*if
bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyftm; trSefwu,fcspfygovm;
tcef; 7tcef; 7tcef; 7tcef; 7tcef; 7
(47)
9493
twlwl aexdkifMu&onf/ þ&SpfOD;txJwGuf bD(vf)trnf&Sd
&JabmfwpfOD;yg0ifonf/ a,½Ic&pfudk t<uif;rJh,HkMunfaom 0DvD
rSm nwdkif; olUukwifab;ü 'l;axmufNyD; qkawmif;? or®musrf;pm
zwfavh&Sdygonf/ xdktcsdefrsdK;wGif bk&m;udkr,HkMunfaombD(vf)
ESifh &Jabmfwpfpku 0DvDudk aemufajymifoa&mfavh&Sdygonf/
wpfaeYwGif olwdkYwJxJtxdajc&mcHrdaom olcdk;wpfa,mufESifh
ywfoufNyD; wm0efcHAdkvfrSL;BuD;u wyf&if;wpfckvHk;udk wef;pDzdkY
trdefYay;cJhonf/ AdkvfrSL;BuD;u olcdk;udk zrf;rdEdkifzdkYBudK;pm;cJhaomf
vnf; tcsnf;ESD;jzpfae&wmaMumifh tjypf&Sdoludk aemufqHk;tcGifh
ta&;ay;onfhtaejzifh ]udk,fhtjypfudk 0efcHjyD;'Pfay;wmudk
vufcHyg? 'grSr[kwf&ifawmh wyfxJu &Jabmfwdkif;udk Budrf'Pf
q,fcsufpDay;r,f} [k ajymygawmhonff/
twefMum pdwfvIyf&Sm;zG,faumif;avmufatmif NidrfusoGm;
NyD;aemuf 0DvDwpfa,muf a&SUudkxGufum owdtaetxm;qGJNyD;
]]AdkvfrSL;BuD;cifAsm;? AdkvfrSL;BuD; ajymcJhovdk uRefawmfhtaeeJYusef
&JabmfawGtpm; jypf'PfudkcH,lyghr,f}} [k ajymonfhtcg? AdkvfrSL;
BuD;u a'gowBuD;ESifh ]]bmjzpfvdYktjypfr&SdwJholi,fudkolcdk;wpf
a,muf udk,fpm;tjypfay;&rSmvJ}} [k ar;vdkufaomfvnf; rnfol
urQ bmrQjyefrajymojzifh? AdkvfrSL;BuD;u ]]aumif;NyD? 'gqdk&if
tjypfr&SdwJholi,fav;wpfa,muf[m tjypfvkyfxm;wJh olcdk;wpf
a,muftpm; Budrf'PfcH&wJh 'ku©a0'emudk rif;wdkYtm;vHk;jrifap
&r,f}}[k ajymNyD; 0DvDuav;udk Budrf'PfcszdkY trdefYay;vdkufyg
awmhonf/
0DvDonf olUausmjyifay: wpfcsufNyD;wpfcsuf jyif;jyif;xef
xefusa&mufaeaom Budrf'Pfudk tHBudwfcHpm;&mu arhajrmoGm;
ygawmhonf/ xdktcsdefwGif rMunfh&ufEdkifawmhbJ bD(vf) ajy;xGuf
vmNyD; ]]&yfvdkufygawmh AdkvfrSL;BuD;&,f? &yfvdkufygawm?h olcdk;
tppf[m uRefawmfyg uRefawmhjypf'PfuRefawmfcHyg&ap}} [k ajym
aomtcg 0DvD owdjyef&vmNyD; ]]aeygap bD(vf) aeygap? AdkvfrSL;
BuD;taeeJYay;NyD;trdefYudk jyef½kyfodrf;zdkYcufygw,f uRefawmf Budrf
'Pfudk tjynfht0cH,lvdkufyg&ap}} [k ajymNyD; Budrf'Pftjynfh
cH,loGm;cJhygawmhonf/
0DvDuav;onf Budrf'PfujyefNyD; emvefrxlEdkifawmhyg/
olaumif;uifbHkudk roGm;cifuav;wGif ,lMuHK;r& tifrwefxdcdkuf
aeaom bD(vf) u 0DvD\ukwifab;wGif idk&if; ]]0DvD&,f? bm
aMumifh rif;uightpm; tjypf'PfudkcH&wmvJ ightwGuf rif; 'PfcH
zdkY roifhygbl;}}wJh/ 0DvD\tajzrSm &Sif;vif;jywfom;vSygonf?
]]uRefawmfbD(vf) udk cPcPBudK;pm;NyD;ajymzl;ygw,f? bk&m;ocif
u bD(vf)udk b,fhavmufawmifcspfovJqdkwm? 'gayr,fh bD(vf)
u r,kHcJhygbl;? uRefawmfpOf;pm;rdwmu cifAsm;&JU tjypf'Pfudk
0ifNyD;,lvdkuf&if? cifAsm;taeeJY a,½I[m bD(vf) udk b,favmuf
cspfovJqdkwm ydkem;vnfNyD; vufcHvmvdrfhr,f? vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:
rSmcifAsm;&JUtpm; a,½Iu olcspfwJh cifAsm;twGuf taocHoGm;
cJhw,f}}[kajymavonf/ 0DvDuav; aumif;uifbHkodkY rwufcif
wGif bD(vf) onf c&pfawmf\u,fwifjcif;ud kcH,lzdkY&ef toifh
jzpfoGm;cJhaMumif; odoGm;ygonf/
urÇmajrBuD;ay:wGif vrf;paysmufaeaomvlom;wdk Yud k
u,fwifzdkY bk&m;ocifonf c&pfawmfudk apvTwfcJhjcif;jzpfygonf/
c&pfawmf&JUtHhzG,faumif;aom toufudkpGeYfNyD; qif;&J'ku©cHcJhonf
wdkYudk em;vnfygu bk&m;ocif vlom;tm;vHk;ay: xm;&Sdaom
(48)
9695
cspfjcif;arwåmonf tvGefBuD;rm;euf½Idif;aMumif;udk odEdkifonf/
tMuGif;rh J jynh fpH kaomvlom;tMuGif;rh J jynh fpH kaomvlom;tMuGif;rh J jynh fpH kaomvlom;tMuGif;rh J jynh fpH kaomvlom;tMuGif;rh J jynh fpH kaomvlom;
a*gva*goukef;jrifhay:wGif um;pifoHk;ckudk pdkufxlcJhygonf/
ab;wpfzufwpfcsuf um;pifESpfckay:wGif &mZ0wfom; olcdk;ESpf
a,muf? c&pfawmfudk olwdkYESpfa,mufMum; tv,fum;pifay:wGif
vufz0g;udkoHeJY ½dkufxm;ygonf/ udk,fawmfonf um;pifay:wGif
aoqHk;oGm;ygonf/
aemufqHk;tcsdef eD;uyfvmonfESifhtrQ rcHr&yfEdkifonfh a0'em
udkcHpm;&if;u wpfa,mufaomolcdk;u wpfzufowfusaom w&m;
Oya'aMumifholwdkYwawG um;pifay:twifcH&onfukd olUtjrif
twdkif; ajymqdkaeygonf/ tHhtm;oifhp&m aumif;onfrSm olcHpm;
ae&onfudk qdkvdkjcif;r[kwfbJ a&mrw&m;Oya'u c&pfawmfudk
olwdkYvdk &mZ0wfom;ESifhtwl ,ckvdk qHk;jzwfcsufcsjcif;rSm rSefuef
rIr&S d[kqd kvd k jcif;jzpfonf/ rrSefuefaomqHk;jzwfcsufcsrIu
olUpdwfudktaESmifhtt,Sufjzpfaeapygonf/ ESdrfhcsonfpdwftjynfh
ESifh xdk&mZ0wfom;u ol\aemufqHk;tcsdefa&mufcgeD;wGif tvGef
w&m&Sif;vif;jywfom;aom tjrifoHk;&yfudk csjyvdkufygawmhw,f/
yxr? igwdkYonf udk,fjyKrdaom tjypfESifhtavsmuf cH&onf
jzpfí w&m;ojzifh cH&Mu\/ þaocgeD;&mZ0wfom;u wdkwdk
wkwfwkwfESifh ESdrfhcsajymqdkum rdrd\&mZ0wfrIudk 0efcHajzmifhcsuf
ay;NyD; rdrd\tjypfudk 0efcHcJhygonf/
'kwd,? igwdkY towfcH&onfrSmw&m;rQwrI½Sdonf ...
,ckacwfwGif tao;tzGJcdk;rIutp Murf;wrf;pGm vk,ufrItyg
t0if jypfrIaygif;pHk ae&mwumwGof jzpf½dk;jzpfpOfuJhodkYjzpfaeyg
onf/ wpf&mpkacwftwGif; þodkYaom &mZ0wfrIrsdK;udk acwf
Oya'ESifh rnfodkYjypf'PfcsrSwfrnfudk em;vnf&efcufaomfvnf;
&mZ0wfom;olcdk;url aocgeD;qJqJrSmyif pum;oHk;cGef;jzifh olwdkY
ESpfOD;tm; ay;aomtjypf'Pfonf w&m;rQwaMumif; ]igwdkY&JU
ao'Pf[m w&m;rQww,f} [k ajymcJhygonf/
wwd,? þolrlum; tb,ftjypfudkrQ rjyK ...
&mZ0wf'Pfoifhonfh olcdk;\ajymqdkcsufrsm;onf rdrd\jypfrIESifh
jypf'Pfudk ausauseyfeyf cH,ljcif;rSm rSwfom;p&maumif;ovdk?
rdrd\c&pfawmftay: pdk;&drfylyefrIESifh tjypfr&Sdoltay: ao'Pf
csrSwfaomw&m;Oya'udk rausreyfajymjcif;rSmvnf; tHhMop&m
aumif;ygonf/ olcdk;onf um;pifay:wGif olUjypf'Pfudk cH,l&if;
c&pfawmfrSvG Jí wjcm;arQmfvif hp&mrjrifawmh/ xd k YaMumif h
tm;udk;wBuD;ESifh c&pfawmfudk ...ocif? udk,fawmf&JUEdkifiHawmf
wnfvsuf <uvmawmfrlaomtcg tuREkfyf udk owd&awmfrlyg}}
[k awmif;yefavonf/
þodkY ½dk;om;ajzmifhrwfpGm tjypf½SdaMumif;0efcsawmif;yefNyD;
vdktyfonfrsm;udk awmif;qdkvmygu tpOfwHkYjyefavh&Sdonfhtwdkif;
ocifc&pfawmfu ...igtrSefqdkonfum;? ,aeYwGif oifonf
igESifhtwl y&'dokbHkü &Sdvdrfhrnf ( vk 23;39-43 ) [k rqdkif;rwG
csufjcif;uwday;vdkufavonf/
tjypfjyKol\xHk;pHtwdkif; xdkaeYwGif ao&cgeD;jzpfaeaom
olcdk;onf udk,fawmfhxHyg; 0efcsawmif;yefcJhaomaMumifh udk,fawmf
\uwdjzpfonfh xm0&toufudk &cJhygonf/ tb,faMumifhqdk
aomf olcdk;onf rSefuefonfh jyKrlcsufESpf&yfudk wpfcsdefwnf;wGif
(49)
9897
vkyfaqmifcJhonfudk awGU&ygvdrfhrnf/ olonf...udk,fawmfhxH
rsufESmrlcsOf;uyfcJhonfESifh ... udk,fawmfxHrS *½kPmawmfudk
um;wdkifay:wGif awmif;cHjcif;wdkYjzpfygonf/
rSefygonf? xdkodkYxl;qef;tHhMozG,frsm;jzifh jynfhaeonfhaeYwGif
rMumcif aoqHk;&awmhrnfholcdk;wpfa,muf\tjrifrSm a,½I
udk,fawmfonf trSefwu,f 'kp½dkufuif;ygonf/ aemifwpf
csdefwGif wynfhawmfESpfOD;\oHk;oyfcsufrSm ydkNyD;wdusvSygonf/
olwdkYESpfOD;u a,½Ionf tjypfuif; aMumif;udk taxmuftxm;
jyNyD; ajymqdkygonf / þwynfhawmfESpfOD;onf wrefawmf&Sifaygvk
ESifhtwl a,½Itjypfuif;pifyHkudk olwdkY wpfOD;pD\ oufaocHcsuf
rsm;ESifhtwl rSwfwrf;wifxm;cJhygonf/
a,½IESifht&if;ESD;qHk;rdwfaqGjzpfol ayw½krSm t&m&mudk
tvsifpvdk jyKvkyfwwfolwpfOD;jzpfojzifh a,½I\ tjypfw&m;uif;
pifyHkudk oufaocH&mwGif ol\vkyfyHkvkyfenf;twdkif; wHk;wdBuD;ajym
vdkufonfrSm ...xdkocifonf 'kp½dkufudkrjyK (1 ay 2;22) [l\/
&Sifa,m[efonfvnf; ocifa,½IESifhtxl;tuRrf;0ifaom
rdwfaqGwpfOD; jzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh olUtaejzifh udk,fawmfudk
teD; uyfavhvmcGifh &cJhygonf/ þodkY txl;tcGifhta&;&cJhaom
aMumifh a,m[efu jywfjywfom;om;yif ... udk,fawmfüvnf;
tjypfr&Sd (1 a,m 3; 5) [k oufaocHavonf/
xif&Sm;aomynm&SifwpfOD;tjzpf txl;emrnf&aom &Sif
aygvku ynm&SifyDyD tydktvdkr½Sd xdrdaom pum;vHk;rsm; oHk;xm;
yHkrSm ...bk&m;ocifonf tjypfESifhuif;pifaomol...(2aum
5;21) jzpf\/ þodkY wrefawmfoHk;yg;wdkY\ a,½Ionf tjypfuif;pif
aMumif; oufaocHcsufawGrsm;onf tvGefyif xda&mufvSygonf/
þodkYaom odomxif&Sm;vSonfh tjrifESifh oufaocHcsufwdkYudk
vltcsKdUwdkYu vufrcHEdkifbJ ]]wrefawmfawGjzpfMuwJh ayw½k?
a,m[efeJY aygvkwdkYomrubl;? aocgeD;olcdk;uyg bufrvdkufwJh
oufaoawG rajymEdkifbl;/ olcdk;u arQmfvifhcsufukefaewJhol?
wrefawmfawGuvnf; a,½IocifudkMunfndK&if;pGJ &SdvdkY bufvdkuf
wmjzpfrSmygyJ}}wJh/ xdkodkYqdkvQif ,k'jynfu a&mrbk&ifydvwfrif;
uaum? olonf a,½I\rdwfaqGr[kwfonfrSm aocsmygonf/
rnfodkYyifjzpfygap? a,½Iudk r[kwf rrSefpGJcsufwifNyD; udk,fawmfudk
aoapzdkY vkyfMuHolrsm;\ ar;cGef;udk ydvwfrif;ajzMum;vdkufonf
rSm...
þvludk oifwdkYonf ighxHodkY ydkYaqmifMuonfjzpfí? oif
wdkYa&SUrSm igppfaMumaomfvnf;? oifwdkY wifaomtjypf
wpHkwckudkrQ olü igrawGU}}( vk 23;14)
vlom;wdkY\oufaocHcsufrsm;jzifh aumif;uifbHku bk&m;
ocif\aMunmcsufudk rnfodkYrQEdIif;,SOfí r&Edkifyg/ wpfOD;wpf
a,mufu vlpkvla0;a&SUü pum;ajymzdkYtwGuf wjcm;olwpfOD;u
rdwfqufay;jcif;onf rSefuef,Ofaus;onfh vlrIxHk;pHwpf&yfjzpfo
vdk a,½ItaeESifh vlom;wdkYtwGif; omoemawmfjyefYyGm;rIudk pwif
vkyfaqmifcsdefwGif crnf;awmfbk&m;u vlom;rsm;udk udk,fawmf
wdkifom;awmfESifh BudKwifrdwfqufay;cJhygonf/ aumif;uifbHkrS
Munfvifjywfom;aomtoHjzifh crnf;awmfbk&m; aMunmonfrSm
...]]þolum; igESpfoufjrwfEd k;&m? ig\cspfom;aywnf;}}
(r 3;17)/ crnf;awmfBudKwifodxm;onfrSm a,½Ionf urÇmay:
wGif ae&aomtcdkuftwefY bk&m;ocifzefqif;xm;aom vlom;
(50)
10099
rsm;uJhodkY aexdkiftouf&Sif&rnfjzpfonfqdkjcif;yif/ vltaygif;wdkY
onf 'kp½dkufudk jyKí bk&m;ocifha&SUawmfütoa&ysufMuNyD (a&m
3;23) [k qdkaomfvnf; a,½IrSmrl xdkodkY r[kwf/ a,½Ionf tjypf
temtqm r&Sd? oefY&Sif;aomoljzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh a,½Iu
vlxkxJ om oempwifjyKrnfqdkpOfuyif crnf;awmfu a,½Iudk
vlom;rsm;ESifh rdwfqufay;&mwGif ...oefY&Sif;awmfrlaom tb
(a,m 17;11).../ bk&m;ocifu cspfvSpGmaom om;awmfa,½I
onf vlUZmwdudkcH,lNyD; trIawmfxrf;aqmifwmudk crnf;awmf
taeESifh auseyf0rf;ajrmufaMumif;jyocJhavNyD/ ocifa,½IrSm
bk&m;ocifESifh wlnDaombkef;awmf&SdaMumif;udk uREkfyfwdkYjyqdkcJhNyD;
jzpfonfhtwdkif;? tvGeftHhzG,f&maumif;onfrSm bk&m;ocifonf
udk,fawmfwdkifESdrfhcsNyD; r[m*½kPmarwåmBuD;rm;pGmjzifh r,Sufwif
ao;aom owdkYorD;unm\0rf;rS arG;zGm;apNyD; vlUtoGifudk ,lap
cJhygonf/ odkY&mwGif vlUtoGifudk,lcJhNyDjzpfaom c&pfawmfonf
t&mcyfodrf;udk bk&m;ocifh tvdktwdkif;vdkufemjcif; r&Sdygu
crnf;awmfudk &Tifvef;apEdkifrnfr[kwfyg/ a,½Ionf crnf;awmf
zefqif;xm;aom urÇmajray:udk OD;pGmyxr<ua&mufvmonfh
tcg crnf;awmfudk ½dkaoav;pm;jcif;? tm;udk;jcif;wdkY tjynfht0
&SdcJhygonf/ þodkY EdSrfhcsrIu urÇmajray:wGif aumif;uifbHku
oefY&Sif;aom crnf;awmf\bkef;awmf? arwåmawmfESifh OD;wnfcsuf
wdkYudkay:vGifapygonf/
rSefygonf? vlom;wpfOD;taejzifh c&pfawmfonf bk&m;
ocifudk,fawmfwdkifzefqif;cJhaom urÇmajrBuD;ay:oufqif; <u
a&mufawmfrlcJhygonf/ ESpfaygif;oHk;q,fhoHk;ESpfwdkifatmif bk&m;
ocifenf;wl bkef;&Sdaomc&pfawmfu bk&m;ociftaejzifh vlom;
rsm;tm; b,fvdkaexdkifapvdkonfudk jyocJhygonf/ vlZmwdudk
cH,lcJhaom c&pfawmfonf bk&m;ocif rjzpfapcsifwm? rusL;vGef
apcsifonfrsm;udk rusL;vGefcJhyg/ þumvtawmtwGif; c&pfawmf
onf aumif;uifbHkwGif&S daom olUcrnf;awmftwGuftpOf
tjrJtoifh&Sd aecJhygonf/ xdkYaMumifh crnf;awmfu om;awmftay:
Munfhaomtcg tjypftemtqmuif;onfh vlom;wpfOD;tjzpf
vlom;rsm;tMum; aexdkifaewmawGU&vdkY ]auseyfESpfodrfhrI}tjynfh
t0&Sdaeygonf/
'kp½d kufrSuif;jcif;? tjypfw&m;rSuif;jcif;? pH kvifjynfh0jcif;/'kp½d kufrSuif;jcif;? tjypfw&m;rSuif;jcif;? pH kvifjynfh0jcif;/'kp½d kufrSuif;jcif;? tjypfw&m;rSuif;jcif;? pH kvifjynfh0jcif;/'kp½d kufrSuif;jcif;? tjypfw&m;rSuif;jcif;? pH kvifjynfh0jcif;/'kp½d kufrSuif;jcif;? tjypfw&m;rSuif;jcif;? pH kvifjynfh0jcif;/ ao& awmh
rnfholcdk;ESifh a&mrbk&ifydvwfrif;wdkYu c&pfawmfü 'kp½dkufuif;pif
aMumif; ajymMuygonf/ ayw½k? a,m[efESifh aygvkwdkYu a,½I
onf tjypfw&m;rS uif;pifonf[k ajymMuygonf/ aumif;uifbHk
u oefY&Sif;aomzcifu c&pfawmfonf pkHvifjynfh0jcif; twdjzpf
onf[k rSwfcsufcscJhygonf/ 'kp½dkufrSuif;jcif;? tjypfuif;jcif;?
pkHvifjynfh0jcif;wdkYESifh jynfhpHkaoma,½Ic&pfonf vlom;wdkYtwGuf
touftaocHcJhjcif;u uREfkyfwdkY wpfa,mufpDudk cspfjrwfEdk;aom
aMumifhjzpfygonf/
tuefUtowfr&S daomcspfjcif;arwåmtuefUtowfr&S daomcspfjcif;arwåmtuefUtowfr&S daomcspfjcif;arwåmtuefUtowfr&S daomcspfjcif;arwåmtuefUtowfr&S daomcspfjcif;arwåm
jrifa,mifMunfhyg? c&pfawmfudk um;pifwifonfhaeY yxrqHk;
(Good Friday) aeY/ wkefvIyfajcmufjcm;p&m? yuwd aMumufp&myif/
vuf0g;uyfwdkifywfywfvnfwGif txdwfwvefYatmf[pfajymqdk
idka<u;jrnfwrf;aeMuaom vltkyfBuD;Mum;wGif oifudk,fwdkifa&muf
aeovdk jrifa,mifMunfhyg/ pdwfwkefvIyfajcmufjcm;p&m jrifuGif;
(51)
102101
yif/ &mZ0wfom;ESpfa,mufudk a,½I\ab;wpfbufwpfcsufrSm
um;pifwifxm;onfudkjzpf\/ owdjyKp&mrSm olwdkYESpfOD;onf bk&m;
a&SUrSma&m? vla&SUrSmyg 'kp½dkufusL;vGefaMumif; xif&Sm;ojzifh
ao'Pfay;jcif;cH&awmhr,f/
tjypfvHk;0r&Sdaoma,½Ionf 'kp½dkufom;ESpfa,mufMum;rSm
um;piftwifcHae&onf/ qefYusifrIu xif;xif;BuD;ay:vGifae
ygwum;/ a,½Iu 'kp½kdufuif;pif\/ tjypfom;ESpfa,mufu
'kp½kdufom;rsm;? xdkYtjyif a,½Ionf vlom;awGa&SUrSm 'kp½dkufvnf;
uif;? tjypfvnf;uif;ovdk oefY&Sif;aom bk&m;ocifa&SUrSm pHkvif
jynfh0rIvnf; &Sdygonf/ ...bk&m;ocifonf c&pfawmf ...
(2aum 5;19)? vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:udk ...tnpftaMu;ESifh
uif;pifaomodk;oi,fuJhodkY...(1ay 1;19)? tjypf&Sdvlom;awG
twGuf c&pfawmftouftaocHjcif;u bk&m;ocif\vlom;wdkY
tay:xm;onfh arwåmapwemudk qE´jyKjcif;yif/
olcdk;rsm;rSmrl aooGm;Muaomfvnf; aocsmonfrSm a,½Ionf
&SifjyefxajrmufcJhygonf/ tapmydkif;u a,½Ionf rdrdtm; a0zefol
rsm;udk tcdkiftrmrdefYawmfrlonfrSm? ...igonf udk,ftoufudk
pGefYí aemufwzef,lOD;rnfjzpfaomaMumifh? ightoufudk tb,fol
rQ rvkr,l...udk,fhtoufudk pGefY&aomtcGifhESifh aemufwzef
udk,ftoufudk ,ljyef&aomtcGifhonf igü&Sd\ (a,m 10;17-
18)/ wpfzef wynfhrsm;udk rdrd\cspfjcif; arwåm tjrifhqHk;tqifhxd
a&muf&SdawmhrnfhtaMumif;udk a,½Iu &Sif;jy&mwGif ...udk,fh
taqGwdkYtbdkYtvdkYiSm udk,ftoufudkpGefYjcif; arwåmxuf omí
jrwfaomarwåmonf tb,folürQ r½Sd (a,m 15;13)/
wrefawmfaygvku c&pfawmf jyefvnf&Sifjyefxajrmufawmf
rlNyD; xyfrHtwnfjyKajymonfrSm ]]bk&m;ocifonf c&pfawmf
txJü&Sdaevsuf}}...tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum; ]]bk&m;ocif
onf tjypfESifh uif;pifaomol (c&pfawmf) udk igwdkYtwGufaMumifh
tjypf&Sdaomoljzpfapawmfrl\/ taMumif;rlum;? igwdkYonf xdk
oltm;jzif h bk&m;ocifa&SUawmfü ajzmif hrwfaomoljzpfrnf
taMumif;wnf;}} (2aum 5;21)/
&mpkESpfaygif;rsm;pGm ukefvGefNyD;aemuf tHhzG,fc&pfawmfu
tjypf&Sdaomvlom;wdkYudk,fpm; touftaocHcJhonfudk t"dyÜm,f
jynfhpHkaom pum;vHk;rsm;jzifh þodkYzGifhqdkxm;ygonf/
oifonfum; uREfkyftwGufajzmifhrwfjcif;w&m; jzpfay\
uREfkyfrSmrl oifhtwGuf tjypfw&m;yif jzpfcJhavjyD
oifuuREkfyf\ tjypfawGudk cH,lawmfrljyD;
oif\ajzmifhrwfjcif;udk uREfkyftm;ay;cJhavNyD
oifr[kwfaomol oifjzpfcJhavonfum;
uREfkyfr&SdcJhonhf toGifudk&SdvmzYdk jyKjyifay;jcif;aywnf;/
pyg;aph wpfaphpyg;aph wpfaphpyg;aph wpfaphpyg;aph wpfaphpyg;aph wpfaph
a,½Ionf towfcH&awmhrnfhtaMumif;udkodNyD;aemuf wynfh
awmfwdkYtm; ESvHk;om;xJupum;? cH,lcsufrsm;udk xkwfajymonf
rSm...
igonf ,ckpdwfESvHk;ylyefjcif;&Sd\/ tb,fodkY igavQmuf
&rnfenf;/ xdktcsdefrSm tuREfkyfudk u,fwifawmfrlyg?
tb[k avQmuf&rnfavm/ taMumif;&Sdíom xdktcsdef
(52)
104103
odkYa&mufvmNyD/ tdktb? udk,fawmf\ emrawmfudk
csD;ajr§mufawmfrlyg[k rdefY>rufawmfrl\/ xdkodkY pdwfa&m
udk,fyg tonf;ESvHk;xJuyg bk&m;ocif\bkef;awmf
twGuf ay:xGufvmaom uwdu0wfaMumifh? olUcrnf;
awmfu atmifjrifrItwGuf a<u;aMumfvdkufonfrSm ig
csD;ajr§mufcJhNyD? wzefcsD;ajr§mufOD;rnf (a,m 12;2&-28)/
]]um;pifwifwJhaoG;xGufoH,dk aMumufrufp&mae&mrSm
b,fvdkrsm; bk&m;ocif&JUbkef;awmfudk xGef;awmufapyghrvJ}}[k
ar;cGef;xkwfEkdifygonf/
crnf;awmfESifhom;awmfwdkY wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; ar;jref;quf
oG,fMujcif;\ t"dutaMumif;t&m b,fupwif aygufzGm;vm
onfudk uREkfyfwdkYpOf;pm;qifjcifMunfhpdkY/ c&pfawmfu ol\wref
awmfrsm;tm; rnfodkYqHk;rpum;ajymcJhonfudk jyefqef;ppfMunfhMupdkY?
igtrSeftuefqdkonfum;? ajrüusaom pyg;aphonf
rysufvQif wckwnf;ae\/ ysufvQifrlum; rsm;pGmaom
toD;wdkYudk oD;wwf\ (a,m 12? 24)/
rSefygonf? a,½IuJhodk YpHkvifoltaejzifh aumif;uifbHkodk Y
um;pifay:rwuf&bJ wdkuf½dkufroGm;Edkifbl;vm;[k ar;Edkifygonf/
aojcif;w&m;[m (a,½I)tay: rusa&mufEdkifyg/ vlom;rsm;
tMum;rSm olwpfOD;om 'kp½dkufrSuif;jcif;? tjypfw&m;rS uif;jcif;?
pHkvifjcif; tp&SdonfwdkYjzifh jynfhpHkaomaMumifhjzpfygonf/ odkYaomf
olu bk&m;ocif\emrawmfudk azmfjyvdkjcif;aMumifh oifESifhuREfkyf
wdkYudk aumif;uifbHkwGif rdrdESifhtwlaeEdkifzdkY vuf0g;uyfwdkifwGif
tjypfom;? Zmwdyuwdvlom;yrm taocHcJhygonf/ tHhMop&m
yif? qef;Mu,fjrifhjrwfonfh cspfjcif;arwåmudk þodkY xl;xl;jcm;jcm;
jycJhygonf/
tu,fíom olraocJhygu? a,½Itaejzifh 0dnmOfydkif;qdkif
&mtvkyf wpfckrQNyD;jywfatmif vkyfcJhonfudk jyp&mr&Sdojzifh
aumif;uifbHkudk ,loGm;p&mr&Sdovdk oifESifhuREfkyfwdkYvnf; tjypf
'PfawGaMumifh rqHk;Edkifonfh tEÅ&m,fuyftwGif;rSmyif w0Jvnf
vnf jzpfaernfrSm rvGJ{uefyif/
,ckawmh a,½Iuvlom;wdkY\tjypfukdcH ,loGm;onfudk oif
b,fvdkwkHYjyefonfqdkonfhtay:rlwnfum oifhudk,fydkifuHMur®mudk
oifudk,fwdkifzefwD;EdkifNyDjzpfygonf/ r,HkEdkifp&mrSm tcsKdUvlwdkYonf
tcktcsdefwdkif? a,½Iutoufay;NyD; uREkfyfwdkYudk tjypfrScGifhvTwf
onfhtrIjyKcJhonfudk vufrcHvHk;0jiif;y,fMuNyD;? wjcm;vlrsm;u
a,½Ionf rdrd\toufudk pGefYNyD;vlom;wdkY tay:xm;onfh arwåm
jycJhonfudk bufrvdkufonfhoabmxm;rsdK; jyaeMuygonf/
vlwpfa,muftaejzifh udk,fxdvufa&muf jiif;y,fjcif;jzpfap?
a,½Iudk rnfodkYrQ oabmrxm; t&mroGif;oljzpfygap oufa&muf
rIrSm toufwm? tvif;ESifharwåmwdkY xm0pOfcGJxkwfjcif; yifjzpf
ygvdrfhrnf/ ,ckuJhodkY aMumufp&m yuwd tajctaeudk xif;
xif;BuD; azmfjyxm;onfrSm?
aojcif;w&m;aMumifh ao&rSmbJ?
r[maojcif; ao&rSm rkcs
xm0&aojcif;udkao&rSm trSef?
(53)
106105
tjrJao&r,f?
'gayr,fh b,faomtcgrQ raoEdkifyg/
odkY&mwGif aus;Zl;BuD;vSygonf/ bk&m;ocif\cspfMuifemrI
aMumifh a,½Iudk oihfrSm tjypf&SdaMumif;? odkYaomf xdktjypftwGuf
rnfodkYrQ ay;qyfjcif; rjyKEdkifwmudk 0efcHjcif;? a,½Iudk,fawmfwdkif
um;pifay:rSm oifhtjypfudk aq;aMumzdkY taocHcJhonfudk ,HkMunf
jcif;? rdrdjyKcJhaomtjypfudkausmcdkif;um a,½Iudk rdrdtjypfrsm;
twGuf touftaocHcJhvdkY aus;Zl;wifNyD; a,½Iudk rdrd\touf
wmESvHk;om;xJrSm &SdaezdkY zdwfac:jcif;jyKrnfqdkygu ocifa,½I
udk,fwdkifuwday;wmonfrSm?
igonf crnf;awmfxHrSxGufí þavmuodkY <uvmNyD/
wzef þavmurS xGufí crnf;awmfxHodkY oGm;OD;rnf
...igonfoGm;íoifwdkYaep&mt&yfudk jyifqifNyD;rS
wzef vmjyefí? ig&Sd&mt&yfü oifwdkY&Sdapjcif;iSmoifwdkY
udk ighxHodkY odrf;qnf;rnf/ (a,m 16;28 ESifh 14;3)
tem*wfwGif oihftwGuf,HkMunfpdwfcs&rIrSm xm0&touf
wpfckwnf;udkom aumif;uifbHkrS &rnfr[kwf? ypöKyÜefüvnf;
tu,fpifppf usufoa&taygif;ESifh jynfhpHkjcif;udk ocifa,½I
c&pftay:,HkMunfNyD; cspfjrwfEdk;olwdkif; &,lEdkifygonf/ vltaygif;
wdkYudk bk&m;ocifay;cJhonfh uwdawmfrSm
bk&m;ocifonf igwdkYtm; xm0&toufudk ay;awmfrlí?
xdktouf onfvnf;om;awmfüyg\/ om;awmfudk&aom
olonf toufudk&\/ bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudkr&
aomolrlum; toufudkr& ...(1a,m 5;11-12)
xm0&toufonf ocifa,½Ic&pfwGifyg&Sd\/ vlom;
wdkYESvHk;wGif udk,fawmfudef;atmif;yg&Sdonfh tcsdefrSpNyD; xm0&
toufpwifonf/
BuD;rm;vSaomwefzd k;BuD;rm;vSaomwefzd k;BuD;rm;vSaomwefzd k;BuD;rm;vSaomwefzd k;BuD;rm;vSaomwefzd k;
uREkfyfwdkYodxm;NyD;onfhtwdkif; bk&m;ocifESifhxm0& aexdkif
zdkY&ef toufwmrSm vdktyfonfrSm uREfkyfwdkY\jyóemt&if;cHjzpf
aom tjypfw&m;udkajz&Sif;zdkYvdkygonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\ tjypfw&m;
twGuftajzudk c&pfawmftouftaocHonfhtcsufwGif &SmawGU
Edkifygonf/ ukd,fawmf\jrifhjrwfoefY&Sif;awmfrljcif;? w&m;rQw
awmfrljcif;? cspfjcif;arwåmjzifh jynfhpHkawmfrljcif;ponfwdkYonf (Cross
of Christ) a,½I\vuf0g;uyfwdkifwGif tm;vHk;qHkpnf;Muygonf/
þae&mwGifyif oefY&Sif;awmfrljcif;udk xm0pOfxdef;odrf;cJhygonff?
w&m;rQwjcif;udk oufaoxlcJhygonf? tjypfwGif;xJepfaeonfh
vlom;rsm;tay:xm;onfh bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmonf oif
ESifh uREkfyfwdkYudk w,kw, axG;ydkufcJhygonf/
atmfpa0g cs def;bm;(p)&JU My Utmost for His Highest
aeYpOfcGeftm;pmtkyfwGif owday;*kPfjyKxm;wmu?
bk&m;ocif vlom;wdkYtay:xm;&Sdonfh cspfjcif;arwåm
aMumifh ]]bk&m;ocifu tvGefcspfMuifemoem;wwfwm
rdkY igwdkYtjypfudk ajzvTwfvdrfhr,f}}qdkonfh MunfEl;zG,f&m
(54)
108107
tjrifESifhywfoufNyD; owdxm;apvdkygonf/ þtjrifu
"r®opfusrf;xJwGif rnfodkYrQ rawGUEdkifyg/ c&pfawmf\
vuf0g;uyfwdkifrS wpfqifhomvQif bk&m;ocifu tjypf
udkcGifhvTwfNyD; jyefvnfodrf;ydkufrI jyKygonf/ wpfjcm;enf;
vrf;r&Sdyg/ uREfkyfwdkY þ0daooudk em;vnfNyD; rSefw,f
[k vufcHxm;aomfvnf; ½dk;½dk;ESifhoHo,uif;&Sif;aom
,HkMunfrItm;jzifh tjypfw&m;rS cGifhvTwfjcif;&zdkY tcGifh
tvrf;&Sdovdk? bk&m;ocifu rnfrQBuD;rm;onfh wefzdk;ESifh
uREkfyfwdkYudk a&G;eIwfxm;onfqdkonfudk arhEdkifMuonf}}
qdkjcif;udk txl;owdxm;zdkU vdkygonf/
0DvD[dk(vf) \ wpfudk,faumif;rqefonfh jyKrlrIudk uREfkyf
wdkYazmfjycJhNyD;aomfvnf; a*gva*goukef;rSm bk&m;ocifMuHUMuHUcHNyD;
vlom;wdkYudkcspfojzifh jyKcJhaomtrIESifh rnfonhfvlom;\jyKrl
csufurS r,SOfEdkifyg/ bk&m;ocif\eufeJvSaomcspfjcif;arwåmudk
uREkfyfwdkYtaejzifh em;vnfzdkY cufcJvSygonf/ oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOf
awmfu toufoGif;ay;jcif;aMumif h a&;om;jzpfay:vmwJh
]]or®musrf;pm}}tm;jzifh bk&m;ocifudk,fawmfwdkif rdrd\pGefYvTwf
jcif;ESifh jynfhpHkonfhcspfjcif;arwåmtaMumif;udk zGifhjycJhygonf/
xdkMuD;rm;vSaom cspfjcif;arwåmudk uREfkyfwdkY\tuefYtowf½Sdae
aomtodÓPfESifh oabmaygufzdkY rvG,fyg/ odkY&mwGif aoao
csmcsm jyefvnfNyD; oHk;oyfonfhtcg udk,fawmfharwåm\twdrf
teuf? tus,ft0ef;udk enf;enf;yg;yg;oabmaygufem;vnfEdkif
ygvdrfhrnf/
c&pfawmfvuf0g;uyfwdkifrSm uREkfyfwdk YtjypftwGuf
touftaocHcJh&mwGif epfemcHpm;rI oHk;rsdK;oHk;qifh½SdcJhygonf/
(1) vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif a,½I\cE¨mudk,fonf jyif;pGm
aoma0'emudk cHpm;cJh&ygonf? (2) vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif udk,f
awmf\cspfjcif;arwåmonf tqHk;pGefudka&mufcJhygonf? (3) aemuf
NyD; tqdk;0g;qHk;a0'emrSm vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:rSm crnf;awmf
bk&m;ESifh wpfpnf;wpfvHk;xJ&SdcJhpOfuvdk bkef;wefcdk;tvif;eJY Nidrf;
csrf;jcif;udk rcHpm;&awmhjcif;wdkYjzpfonf//
rSefygonf? vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:rSm a,½IcHpm;cJh&onfrSm
vlom;wpfOD;taejzifh em;vnfEdkifzdkYrvG,fyg/ olUtaejzifh um,?
pdwf"mwfESifh txl;ojzifh0dnmOfa&;&m cHpm;rIrsm;udk oHk;oyfMunfh
vQif uREfkyfwdkYtaejzifh a,½I\tjypfom;awGtay:xm;onfh
cspfjcif;arwåmtwdrfteufudk tjrifopfESifh odem;vnfEdkifygNyD/
½kyfydkif;cHpm;csuf? wefzdk;rjzwfEdkifonfh urÇmausmfyef;csDum;
wpfum;udk zsufqD;jcif;ESifh a[mif;EGrf;ayusHaeonfhpuúLwpf&Guf
udk qkwfjzJypfwm rnfodkYrQ EIdif;vdkY r&yg/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap aoqHk;
oGm;aom jynfhpHkwJhol a,½Ic&pfudk b,fvdktwdkif;twmrsdK;ESihfrQ
vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufaoqHk;&wmESifh EIdif;,SOfí r&/
"r®a[mif;usrf;wGif azmfjyxm;onfhAsm'dwft&? c&pfawmf
onf ½kyfcE¨mysufpD;jcif;ESifh ywfoufNyD; cHpm;&rnf[k qdkygonf/
xdktxJwGif c&pfawmfonf vlwdkYuJhodkY ½kyfydkif;ysufpD;rnfr[kwf/
...vlom;r[kwfouJhodkY tqif;toa&ysufjcif; (a[&Sm 52;14)/
odkY&mwGif a[jAJbmomuwpfqifh tjcm;bmomodkYjyefqdk&mwGif
e*dkrlvbmomuJhodkY xda&mufaom t"dyÜm,fzGifhqdkrI r&aMumif;
udk awGU&Sd&ygonf/ bk&m;ocifu zGifh[ajymqdk&mwGif ol\tcspf
qHk;aomom;taejzifh jyif;xefpGmtESdyfpufcH&onfjzpfí vl½kyfyif
(55)
110109
ray:awmh[k qdkygonf/ þodk Y½kyfcE¨mcsK dU,Gif;ysufpD;aprnfh
tjzpftysufudk c&pfawmfudk,fwdkifyif rdefYawmfrlcJh\/
igwdkYonfa,½I&SvifNrdKUodkY,ckoGm;Mu\/ vlom;onf
,Zfyka&m[dwftBuD;? usrf;jyKq&mwdkYvufodkY a&mufvdrfh
rnf/ xdkolwdkYonf aojypfudkpD&ifí wyg;trsdK;om;wdkY
vufodkYtyfESHMuvdrfhrnf/ olwdkYonfvnf; vlom;tm;
jyuf&,fjyKjcif;? ½dkufykwfjcif;? wHawG;ESifhaxG;jcif;? tao
owfjcif;udkjyKMuvdrfhrnf...(rm 10? 33 rS 34)/
trSefwu,fjzpf&yfrSm þodkYjhzpf\/ xdkaemuf &Sifrmuk
u rsufjrifoufaorsm;\ ajymqdkcsufudk &Sif;jyonfrSm?
acgif;awmfudkusLvHk;ESifh ½dkufjcif;? wHaxG;ESifhaxG;jcif;?
a&SUawmfrSm 'l;axmufí jyyf0yfjcif;udkvnf;jyKMu\/ xdkodkY
udk,fawmfudk jyuf&,fjyKonfaemuf? vuf0g;uyfwdkif
rSm½dkufxm;jcif;iSm xkwfoGm;Mu\ (rm 15;19-20)/
a&mrom;wdkYu om;a&pdrf;tjym;rsm;ESifh tem;wGif cRefxuf
onfh cJom; odkYr[kwf t½dk;tvHk;tcJrsm; wyfxm;onfh MumyGwf
jzifh a,½Iudk ½dkufESufESdyfpufMuaomaMumifh a,½I\ausmESifh &if
wGif tom;ta&rsm; pkwfjywfukefygonf/ xdktwGufaMumifh qmvH
usrf;xJü tem*wfa[mudef;twdkif; ar&Sd,ajymcJhonfrSm ...
pka0;aomvlqdk;wdkYonf 0ef;&Hvsufaeí? tuREkfyf\vufajcwdkYudk
xdk;azmufMuygNyD/ udk,ft½dk;&SdorQwdkYudk tuREfkyfa&wGufEdkifyg\/
olwdkYonf tuREkfyfudkd Munfhjrifí tm;&vsufaeMuyg\ .. (qm
22?;16-17)/ rSefygonf/ t&m&mjynfhpHkjcif;&Sdaom a,½Iudk,fawmf
onf emusifvSonfh a0'emudkcHpm;NyD; aoqHk;ygonf/ udk,fum,
udk &uf&ufpufpuf zsufacsES dyfpufjcif;cH&onfh a,½Ionf
vl½kyfray:ovdkjzpfoGm;cJh&ygNyD/ þazmfjycsufrsm;u oifhudk bk&m;
ocifu rnfrQcspfw,fqdkwm em;vnfzdkY BudK;pm;ulnDygovm;/
pdwfcHpm;&rI - um;pifay:wGif c&pfawmfum,a0'emcHpm;&wmudk
vlom;wdkY em;vnfzdkYrvG,fvSaaomfvnf; þonfrSm c&pfawmf
taeESifh wu,fwef; cHpm;&csuf wpfckom&Sdygao;onf/ um,
a0'emonf udk,fawmf\pdwf"mwf? 0dnmOfponfcEmudk,ftwGif;
qdk;qdk;0g;0g;cHpm;ae&rIESifhEdIif;pmvQif tay:,HcHpm;&rIwpfckomjzpf
ygw,f/ vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGifvnf; a,½Ionf jyif;xefaom
pdwf"mwfESifh oufqdkifonfh cHpm;&rIudk xdawGUcHpm;cJh&ygao;onf/
a,m[efu uREkfyfwdkYtzdkY xdktvGefqdk;0g;NyD; pdwftaESmifht,Suf
jzpf&onfhtcsdefudk rSwfwrf;wifxm;cJhwmavonfrSm ...
a,½IxHodkYa&mufí toufr&SdaMumif;udk jrifvQifajcudk
rcsKd;bJ? ppfol&Jwa,mufonf eHab;awmfudkvSHESifh xdk;
azmufíaoG;ESifha&onf csufcsif;xGufvm\/ (a,m 19;
33-34)
uRefawmfMum;zl;aom aq;bufqdkif&mwm0ef&Sdolrsm;ajym
onfrSm aoG;ESifha&a&mygvmojzifh a,½Ionf ESvHk;a&m*gESifh
aoqHk;&onf[k olwdkY,HkMunfMuaMumif;yif/ wpfcsKdU ESvHk;a&m*g
yg&*lrsm;\ &Sif;jycsufrsm;t& a,½I\ESvHk;onf jyif;jyif;xefxef
aygufuGJ oGm;csdefwGif ESvHk;ESifhteD;qHk;wGif&Sdaeaom azmif;yGaeonfh
a&tdwfxJudk ESvHk;xJrS aoG;rsm; ,dkpdrfh0ifoGm;Edkifygonf/ xkdYaMumifh
(56)
112111
ppfom;uvSHE Si f h a,½I&JUe H Mum;xJud k xd k;oGif;vd kufcs de fr Sm
aoG;ESifha&a&m NyD;xGufvmcJhjcif;jzpfaMumif; ajymjyygonf/ wdus
rsm;jym;vSonfh a,½ItowfcH&rnfh taMumif;BudKwifa[mudef;
rsm;xJwGif qmvH 69 ü uREkfyfwdkYzwf&onfrSm ...uJh&JUjcif;tm;
jzifh tuREfkyfonf pdwfysufí tvGefylaqG;jcif;&Sdyg\ (qm 69;20)/
rSefygonf? r,HkEd kifavmufatmif a,½Itae\pdwf"mwft&
cHpm;&rIaMumifh trSefwu,f ol\cspfwwfaomtoJESvHk;aMuuGJ
cJh&ygonf/
a,½I\cspfwwfaomESvHk;om;xJwGif vlom;taygif;wdkY cHpm;
ae&onfh 'ku©tpkpkonf aygufuGJxGufvmygawmhonf? udk,fawmf
\oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmwGifrl - ]]oefY&Sif;pifMu,fí tnpf
taMu;ESifh uif;vGwfvsuf tjypf&SdaomolwdkYESifh rqufqH}} (a[jAJ
7;26)/ rpOf;pm;oifh? azmfjyra&;om;oifhaom npfywfjcif;wdkYESifh
a&maESmaeonfh avmui&JwGuf ocifa,½Ionf ESvHk;uGJonfh
'Pf&mESifh aoqHk;cJh&ygawmhonf/
bk&m;ocifu oifhudk rnfrQcspfcspfonfudk þtaMumif;t&m
udk axmuf½INyD; em;vnfoifhygNyD/
0dnmOfa&;&mcHpm;csu0dnmOfa&;&mcHpm;csu0dnmOfa&;&mcHpm;csu0dnmOfa&;&mcHpm;csu0dnmOfa&;&mcHpm;csuf - ocifa,½lonf vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif
jrnfwrf;idka<u;cJhonfrSm? tuREkfyfbk&m;? tuREkfyfbk&m;? tb,f
aMumifh tuREkfyfudkpGefYypfawmfrloenf;/ (r 27;46) tuREfkyfwdkY
odNyD;jzpfonfhtwdkif; uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfw&m;aMumifhvnf;aumif;?
vlom;jzpfaom uREfkyfwdkY\obm0twdkif; vufcHxm;onfh tjypfjyK
wwfrIaMumifhvnf;aumif;? bk&m;ocifESifY wpfvHk;wpf0 wnf;jzpf
Edkifjcif;rS uif;uGmcJhMuygonf/ aumif;uifbHku tultnDr&cJhygu
uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfa&;&mESifhywfoufygu vHk;0qHk;½IH;aeMurnf
yif/ oefY½Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf ocifa,½Iudk r,Sufwifao;
aom tysdKpif\0rf;wGif;rSm oaE¨,lapNyD;? olUwpfoufwmvHk;
tjypfvHk;0uif;pifcJhygw,f? crnf;awmfu vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif
pGefYcJh&m a,½Iu oifESifh uREkfyfwdkYtjypfudk cH,lrnfqdkonfhtaMumif;
wpfckwnf;ESifh toufudk pGefYcJhygw,f/ a,½ItuREkfyfwdkY tjypfrsm;
twGuf aoqHk;&csdefwGif xdwfvefYwkefvIyfzG,faumif;avmuf
atmif 0dnmOfa&;&mcHpm;&jcif;rSm crnf;awmfESifhauGuGif;&jcif;
yifjzpfygonf/
om;awmfu oifESifhuREfkyfwdkY\tjypfrsm;udk cH,lzdkY jyifqif
NyD;onfhtcgwGif oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf? oefY&Sif;aomcrnf;awmf
wdkYonf oefY&Sif;pGm c&pfawmfESifhtwl&Sdaejcif;rS cGJcGmoGm;zdkY vdktyf
vmonfhtwdkif; cGJcGmoGm;ygawmhonf/
a,½ItaeESifh azmfjyrajymEdkifavmufatmif ]or®musrf;pmt&
crnf;awmfom;awmfESifh oefY½Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf[laom oHk;yg;
wpfql}tjzpfxm0&wnf&Sd&mu a,½Ionf vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:
toufpGefY&csdef? xm0&bkef;awmfaysmufysuf&onfrSm 0dnmOfqdkif
&mqHk;½IH;rIyifjzpfonf/ þonfrSm 0dnmOfa&;&mysufjyKef;&jcif;yg/
xm0&tvif;jzpfaom bk&m;ocifonf a,½Ivuf0g;uyf
wdkifay:&SdaepOfu? arSmifrdkufonfh tjypfw&m;ESifh ,SOfwGJraeEdkif
cJhyg/ xdkYaMumifh a,½Ionf oifESifhuREfkyfwdkY\tjypfrsm;twGuf
toufudkpGefYcJhcsdefwGif þqdk;0g;npfnrf;vSonfh urÇmBuD;onf
oHk;em&DcefYMumatmif tarSmifxku zHk;vTrf;oGm;cJh&jcif;onf
tHhMozG,faumif;onf[k rajymEdkifyg/
(57)
114113
vlowå0g&JUtjypfawGtwGuf c&pfawmftoufay;cJhwJh
tcg aerif;[m tvif;*kPfa&mifudk tarSmifxkrSm
zGufxm;wm rqef;yg/
tdkufZuf0uf(wf) (1674 – 1748)
xdkaemuf bk&m;ocif\BuD;jrwfvSaombkef;awmfaMumifh?
a,½ItaeESifh udk,fawmf\udk,fum,wGif &Sifjyefxajrmufapjcif;
jzifh crnf;awmfESifh a,½Ixm0&0dnmOfa&;&mqufoG,frI wpfvHk;
wpf0wnf; jyefvnfjzpfapygawmhonff/ rSefygonf? ocifa,½I
onf um,? 0dnmOfoufawmfwdkYESifhtwl jrifhjrwfonfh bkef;awmf
udk xm0& jyefvnf&&Sdygawmhw,f/ xdrQruyg? a,½I&&Sdonfh
&Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;udk ,HkMunfolwpfOD;jcif;uvnf; &Edkifygonf/
a,½Iudk vuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif vlom;wdk\Ytjypfrsm;udk aq;
aMumay;cJhaom aus;Zl;awmfudkodNyD; uREkfyfwdkY\u,fwif&Siftjzpf
udk,fwdkifcH,lolwdkif;onf a,½IuJhodk Yjyefvnf&SifoefEdkifonfh
tcGifhudk &ygvdrfhrnf/ wrefawmf&Sifaygvku þuJhodkYa&;xm;cJhyg
onf/
odk Yaomfvnf; u½kPmawmfESif h <u,f0awmfrlaom
bk&m;ocifonf igwdkYudk cspfawmfrlaom r[marwåm
awmftm;jzifh? 'kp½dkuftjypfü aovsuf&Sdaeaom igwdkYudk
c&pfawmfESifhtwl touf&SifapawmfrlNyD/ aus;Zl;awmf
aMumifhom u,fwifjcif;odk Y a&muf&\/ a,½Ic&pf
tm;jzifh igwdkYudk xajrmufapí aumif;uift&yfü ae&m
ay;awmfrlNyD/ ({ 2;4-6)
wrefawmf&Sifaygvku c&pfawmfonf aojcif;rS tOD;qHk;
xajrmufí (w 26;23) vdkYaMunmajymqdkcJhpOfu? olUtaejzifh
tcsKdUaomolrsm;onf um,taeESifh aoqHk;oGm;NyD;jzpf&mu
wpfzef udk,fum,yg jyefvnf&Sifjyefxajrmufvmonfudk odESifhNyD;
jzpfygonf/ odkY&mwGif aygvku a,½Ionf yxrqHk;oljzpfonf
[k qdkygonf/ a,½Ionf tOD;qHk;? ao&mrS um,ESifh 0dnmOfyg
xm0&&SifjyefxajrmufvmcJholjzpfygw,f/
vltrsm;u ocifa,½I um,? pdwåa0'emcHpm;&rIudk 0dnmOf
bufqdkif&m cHpm;&rIxuf ydkNyD;tvG,fwul odjrifaxmufjy
EdkifMuygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; udk,fawmftjyif;xefqHk; cHpm;&onfh
a0'emrSm ol\tzESifh&if;ESD;jcif;rS xm0&jzwfawmufcH&jcif;om
jzpfygvdrfhrnf/
tcsdefqdkwJha0g[m& ray:aygufrD? a,½Iu pMu0VmBuD;udk
rzefqif;rDuyif bk&m;ocifodNyD;jzpfonfrSm bk&m;ocifESufg
tjypfom;rsm;&if;ESD;rIudk jyefvnf&SifoefzdkY jrifhrm;vSonfh ay;qyfrI
udkjyK&r,fqdkjcif;yifjzpfonf/ oHk;yg;wpfqljzpfawmfrlwJh xm0&
arwåmawmf&Sifbk&m;ocifqHk;jzwfcsufcscJhonfrSm rdrdtaejzifh
ajymrjyEdkifonfh um,? pdwåeJY 0dnmOf a0'emrsm;udk oifESifh uREfkyf
twGuf cHpm;NyD; &if;ESD;rIudk wnfaqmufrnf jzpfygonf/ csm;(vf)pf
0ufpvD (1707 –1788)u em;rvnfEdkifavmufatmif BuD;rm;vS
onfh bk&m;ocif\arwåmawmfudk &nfñTef;vQuf þodkYpyfqdkcJhyg
onf/
tHhzG,fcspfarwåm? b,fjzpfEdkifygh? tuRefYocifbk&m;? uREkfyf
twGuf taocHwm/
(58)
116115
þonfudkMunfhjcif;jzifh bk&m;ociftaeESifh oifhudk rnfrQ
arwåmxm;onfudk em;vnfavmufygNyD/
aorif;udk taoowfvdkufjcif;aorif;udk taoowfvdkufjcif;aorif;udk taoowfvdkufjcif;aorif;udk taoowfvdkufjcif;aorif;udk taoowfvdkufjcif;
uG,fvGefoGm;cJhNyDjzpfaom q&mBuD; a'gufwmpJef;(*)pwm;onf
uRefawmfawGUzl;olawGxJwGif pum;ajymtaumif;qHk;q&mwpf
OD;jzpfygw,f/ olUpum;onf tvGefcsKdomNyD; tm0ZÆef;aumif;onfh
tavsmuf u,fwif&Sifa,½Ic&pfawmf\*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;&mwGif
q&mBuD;u tm;yg;w&0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om a[majymavh&Sdygonf/
odkY&mwGif b0\tvSnfhtajymif;u q&mBuD;udkoa&mfcJhyHkrSm cHwGif;
uifqmaMumifh pum;rajymEdkifjzpfcJh&ygawmhonf/ q&mBuD;onf
a0'emcHpm;ae&mu aoqHk;cgeD; ]c&pfawmf&Sifjyefxajrmufonfh
we*FaEG yGJawmfaeY} (Easter Sunday) wGif vuf[efjzifh olUorD;qD
u cJwHESifh puúLawmif;NyD; pma&;ajymvdkufonfrSm ]]]c&pfawmf&Sifjyef
xajrmufcJhNyD}vdkY tvGeftrif; atmfajymcsifayr,fh vQmr&SdvdkY
rajymEdkifwmu? vQm&Sd&ufeJY ajymcsifwJhpdwfr&Sdwmxuf rGefjrwfvS
ygw,f}} [lownf;/
a,½Ic&pfawmfonf zefqif;&Sifbk&m;jzpfonfhtavsmuf
toufudk bmrSr&SdwJhtxJu xkwf,lEdkifcJhygonf/ a,½Ionf u,f
wif&Sifbk&m;jzpfwmaMumifh aojcif;udk atmifEdkifNyD; (aowGif;rS)
toufudk&SifjyefxajrmufapcJhygonf/ toufudk zefqif;aom
t&Siftm; tb,focsKØif;*lxJwGif aoapEdkifrnfenf;/
aum&dE }KNrdKUu ,HkMunfolrsm;xHa&;om;ay;ydkYwJhpmrSm wref
awmfaygvkowday;ajymMum;onfrSm olwdkYawGtaeESifh tjypf
w&m;rS u,fwifjcif;cH&onfh taMumif;&if;cHtcsufrsm;rSm igonf
udk,fwdkifcH,lonfhtwdkif; (apmifhxdef;jcif;? ,HkMunfrI&Sdjcif;? tm;xm;
jcif;) ponfwdkYu c&pfawmfonfusrf;pmvmonfhtwdkif; igwdkYtjypf
aMumifhtaocHawmfrl\/ oN*ØK[fNyD;rS?usrf;pmvmonfh twdkif;
oHk;&ufajrmufaomaeYü xajrmufawmfrl\/(1aum 15; 3-4) ,ck
tcgwGif? ,HkMunfolwdkif; tHhzG,faumif;onfh ]]uREkfyfwdkY\tjypf
rsm;twGuf c&pfawmftaocHcJhNyD;? wpfcg&Sifjyefxajrmufum?
uREfkyfwdk Ytm;? toufwmtopfay;cJhonf}} qdkonfh tcsuf
ay:tm;xm;orIjyKMu&ygonf/
oifhtaejzifh]]ocifa,½I um;pifay:wGif towfcH&NyD;
csdefrS oHk;&uftMum&Sifjyefxajrmufonftxd ocifa,½I bmjzpf
cJhygovJ}} 'Dar;cGef;rsdK;udk arQmfvifhxm;wJhtwdkif; bk&m;ocifu
tajzudk xkwfcJhygonf/
wuf<uawmfrlonf[kqdkaomf? tpOD;pGmajrBuD;atmuf
t&yfodkY qif;oufawmfrlaMumif;udk&nfrSwfí qdkonf
r[kwfavm/ qif;oufawmfrlaomolonf tjcm;aomol
r[kwf? tvHk;pHkudk jynfhpHkapjcif;iSm? cyfodrf;aomolwdkY\
txG#fudkvGefí wuf<uawmfrlaomoljzpfownf;/
({ 4;9-10)
rSefygonf? or®musrf;pmü qdkxm;onfrSm aumif;uifbHkudk
wuf<uawmfrrlrD a,½Iudk,fawmfonf trSefwu,fyif ajrBuD;
atmuft&yfodkY qif;oufawmfrlygonf/ atmuft&yfodkY oufqif;
awmfrlNyD;aemuf a,½Iudk,fawmfonf "r®a[mif;usrf;yg oefY&Sif;
olrsm; (,HkMunfjcif;jzifhaoqHk;cJholrsm;) tm; udk,fawmf\atmifjrif
(59)
118117
rIvrf;wavQmuf OD;aqmifcgaumif;uifbHkodkY <ujref;oGm;cJhygawmh
onf/ ,aeYwGif ,HkMunfolwdkif;twGuf udk,fawmf\ bkef;awmf
xif&Sm;aprnfh tm;&0rf;ajrmufzG,f uwday;csufrSm aojcif;onf
trSefwu,faumif;uifbHkudk a&mufaprnfh wHcg;r BuD;yGifhoGm;jcif;
yif/ rSefygonf/ c&pfawmfonf um,ESifh 0dnmOf tm;jzifh uREkfyfwdkY
udk,fpm; aojcif;udk tEdkif,loGm;cJhjcif;rSm thhHMop&mygyif/
tdkaorif;? oif\vufeufonf? tb,frSm&Sdoenf;/
tdkr&PmEdkifiH? oif\atmifjcif;onf tb,frSm&Sdoenf;/
aorif;\vufeuf? 'kp½dkuftjypfaywnf;/ 'kp½dkuftjypf
\wefcdk;um;? ynwfw&m; aywnf;/ igwdkYtm; atmifjcif;
tcGifhudk ay;awmfrlaombk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmfonf
BuD;vSpGwum;/ (1aum? 15;55-57)
aorif;udk tEdkif,lcJ h jcif;aorif;udk tEdkif,lcJ h jcif;aorif;udk tEdkif,lcJ h jcif;aorif;udk tEdkif,lcJ h jcif;aorif;udk tEdkif,lcJ h jcif;
bk&m;ocif vlYZmwdudkcH,lcJhonfh taMumif;&if;u oifESifh
uREkfyfwdkY\tjypfrsm;twGuf taocHzdkY taMumif;&if;wpfckwnf;
r[kwfyg? aojcif;w&m;udk tpdk;&aomolwnf;[laom rm&fewf
\wefcdk;udk csKd;zJhzsufqD;jcif;iSm¤if; (a[jAJ2;14)/
'g0d'fu a*gvswf\"m;udkoHk;NyD; a*gvswfudk wdkufcd kuf
owfjzwfcJhouJhodkY a,½Iu pmwef\vufeufjzpfonfh ]aojcif;}
udk toHk;csNyD; pmwefudk tNyD;tydkif ESdrfeif;tEdkif,lcJhygNyD/ a,½Ionf
vlrdef;r? vla,mufsm;rsm;udk xm0&aojcif;ESifh 0dnmOfqdkif&m
taESmiftzGJUuyg vGwfajrmufapcJhygNyD? olonf bk&m;ocifapvTwf
jcif; cH&ol? vlom;wdkYudk csKyfaESmifxm;onfh taESmiftzGJUu wpfOD;
wnf;aomvGwfajrmufoljzpfygw,f/
a,½Ionf vlUZmwd? vlyuwd taoG;tom;udkcH,lNyD;
aojcif;jzihf pmwefudk tEdkif,lESdrfeif;cg ocsKØif;rS jyefvnf &Sifjyef
xajrmufcJhygonf/ aemufNyD;udk,fawmfonf aumif;uifbHkudk
wuf<uawmfrlaMumif; rSwfom;cJh&ygNyD? ...a,½Ionf? igwdkY
twGuf? xdktwGif;t&yfxJodkY a&SUaqmifí 0ifaomoljzpfawmfrl\
(a[jAJ 6;20)/ OD;pGmyxr 'kp½dkufuif;? tjypfw&m;uif;? pHkvif
jynfh0aomvlom;wpfOD;rSm aumif;uifbHkxJ 0ifa&mufoGm;cJhygNyD/
vuf0g;uyfwdkifwGif udk,fawmftouftaocHjcif;jzifh vlom;
rsm;udk aumif;uifbHkodkY 0ifa&mufEdkif&ef vrf;zGifhay;cJhygNyD? tHhMo
p&mygyif/
cspfjcif;arwåm\ vufaqmifcspfjcif;arwåm\ vufaqmifcspfjcif;arwåm\ vufaqmifcspfjcif;arwåm\ vufaqmifcspfjcif;arwåm\ vufaqmif
ocifa,½Ionf aumif;uifbHkodkYoGm;onfhvrf;udk OD;pGm
yxrzefwD'ay;cJhjcif;rSm tHhMo0rf;ajrmufzG,f&mjzpfygay\/ ,ck
tcgrSmrl udk,fawmf&JUatmifjrifrI vrf;aMumif;udk vlom;rsm;vdkuf
í avQmufvSrf;EdkifMuygNyD/ thhHMop&maumif;onfh aemuftcsuf
wpfckurSm ocifa,½Iu olraocifrD udk,fawmfcspfawmfrlonfh
urÇmay:&Sd ,HkMunfolvlom;tm;vHk;udk uwday;onfrSm ol
aumif;uifbHkudk wuf<uNyD;onfhaemufrSm oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf
udk apvTwfvdkufygrnf qdkjcif;yif/
a,½Iu rdrdwynfhrsm;tm; -
ighudk,HkMunfaomolonf usrf;pmvmonfhtwdkif; touf
(60)
120119
a&xGuf&mprf;a&wGif; jzpfvdrfhrnf[k rdefYawmfrl\/ xdk
odkYrdefYawmfrlaomf? ,HkMunfaomolwdkYonf cH&vwHhaom
0dnmOfawmfudk &nfrSwfírdefYawmfrl\/ a,½Ionf bkef;
yGifhawmfrrlao;aomaMumifh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfudk
ay;awmfrrlao;/ (a,m &;38-39)
ighudkapvTwfawmfrlaomolxHodkY ,ck igoGm;&rnfjzzfí..
igonf crnf;awmfudkawmif;í? crnf;awmfonf opöm
w&m;awmfudkjyaom 0dnmOfawmfwnf;[laom wyg;
aomOyZÑm,fq&mudk oifwdkYESifhtwl tpOfrjywfwnf
aeapjcif;iSm oifwdkYtm;ay;awmfrlrnf/ igoGm;vQif oifwdkY
tusdK;&Sdvdrfhrnf/ taMumif;rlum;/ igroGm;vQif OyZÑm,f
q&monf oifwdkYqDodkYrvm/ igoGm;vQif xdkoludk oifwdkY
qDodkY igapvTwfrnf/...xdkolonf ighbkef;udk xif&Sm;
apvdrfhrnf/ (a,m 16;5/ 14;16? 17? 16;7? 14)
uREfkyfwdkY odNyD;cJhonfrSm bk&m;ocif\bkef;awmfonf om;
awmfaoqHk;&mwGif ydkíxif&Sm;cJhygonf/ ,ckwpfzef oif ar;cGef;
xyfNyD;xkwfEdkifonfrSm? ]]c&pfawmftaeeJY oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOf
awmfudk oifeJYuREfkfyfwdkYxHudk apvTwfjcif;jzifh rnfuJhodkY bkef;awmf
xif&Sm;apEdkifrSmvJ}}qdkwmygyJ/
þar;cGef;udk wpfydkif;wpfp ajzqdkxm;onfrSm bk&m;ocifh
arwåmawmfudk cH,l&&Sdxm;Muonfh ,HkMunfolwdkif;\toufwm
tay: c&pfawmfbkef;awmfxif&Sm;aejcif;yif/ or®musrf;pmu?
igwdkYtm;ay;tyfawmfrlaom oef&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf bk&m;
ocif\arwåmawmfudk igwdkYpdwfESvHk;xJodkYk ñTef;avmif;awmfrl\
(a,m 5;5)/ vlom;wdkYtay: bk&m;ocif\&ifrSjzpfaomarwåm
onf vlom;tcsif;csif; cspfcifMuifemarwåmxm;rIwdkYxuf ydkrdk
jrifhrm;apaom txGwftxdyfwGifwnf&SdNyD; oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOf
awmftaejzifh wu,fyifwnf&SdapzdkY pGrf;aqmifcJhygonf/ udk,f
awmfvuf0g;uyfwdkifay:wGif jyKcJhonfudk ,HkMunfjcif;tjynfht0
pGm oifwkHYjyefjcif;jzifh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOftaeESifhocifc&pfawmf
u oifrSwqifh tjcm;aomolrsm;udk arwåmyGm;apygonf/ tHhzG,f
aumif;vSygonf/
c&pfawmfonf oifhtjypfrsm;twGuf taocHcJhonfqdkjcif;udk
,HkMunfzdkYESifh oifhESvHk;pdwf0rf;xJu vIdufvIdufvSJvSJ aus;Zl;awmf
csD;rGrf;jcif;jzifh bk&m;ocif\cGifhvTwfu,fwifwwfonhf arwåmrsm;
udk cHpm;Edkif&aprnfh udk,fawmfay;onfh tmrcHcsufudk&apygrnf/
oifh&ifwGif;ü ocifc&pfawmf&Sdaejcif;jzifh oifhwpfoufwm
trIawmfaqmifzdkY tcGifhudk&apcg? oifhtaeESifh cspfjcif;arwåm
uif;rJhaeaom þurÇmay:wGif udk,fawmf\arwåmudk jzpfapyg
vdrfhrnf/
wpfcgu emrnfausmf*smref"r®q&mBuD;wpfOD;udk bk&m;ocif
tay: av;eufonfh xifjrifcsufwpfckay;zdkY ajymaomtcg? ]]a,½I
ig hud kc sp fayonf? usr f ;pmtm;jzi f h od&onf} }qd kaom
"r®oDcsif;udk tm;yg;w& oDqdkjyavonf/
rSefygonf? bk&m;ocif uREfkyfudk trSefwu,fcspfygonf/
rSefygonf? trSefwu,f bk&m;ocif oifhudk cspfygw,f/
(61)
122121
cspfjcif;arwåm tpDtpOfcsrSwfwJh u,fwifjcif;udk
aus;Zl;awmftm;jzifh ,laqmifvmcJhzdkY
bk&m;&Sifu r[muGm[rIudk ausmfvTm;ay;cJhwm
u&meDukef;ay:rSm/
BuD;rm;wJhMuifemrI – tcrhJaus;Zl;awmf
qxufxrf;ydk; wefzdk;BuD;cHpm;&wJh cGifhvTwfjcif;
0dnmOfudkydwJh 0efxkyfawG vGwfajycJhwm
u&meDyg.../
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef
1/ oif wpfOD;wpfa,mufudk cspfaMumif; rnf
odkYoufaojyEdkifygrnfvJ/ tajymeJYvm;?
tvkyfeJYvm;/
2/ bk&m;ocifu olcspfarwåmudk b,fvdk
oufaojyygovJ/
3/ bk&m;ocif&JUarwåmudk b,fvdkwHkYjyefyg
rnfvJ/
(62)
124123
tcsdefu noef;acgif,Hudk tvQiftjrefcsOf;uyfaeygonf/
uRefawmfwdkY ZeD;armifESH tygt0if wpf&mcefY&Sdaom &xm;pD;rnfh
c&D;onfrsm;onf yg&DNrdKU ]*ga&pdefYvmpa&} blwm½HkBuD;twGif;
wpfq,fh&Spfem&DMum NiD;aiGUzG,fc&D; &SnfBuD;udk apmifhqdkif;ae&if;u
&xm;wGJ&Sd&mudkoGm;EdkifzdkY wHcg;0wGif ae&m,lxm;Muygonf/
uRefawmfwdkYywf0ef;usifu c&D;onftrsm;pkuawmhrSm vli,f
vl&G,frsm;jzpfMuygonf/ a':&oDESifh uRefawmfonf c&D;oGm;azmf
rsm;ESifh a&maESmae&mu owdxm;rdvdkufrdonfrSm olwdkYonf
Oa&mywdkuf&SdEdkifiHaygif;pHku c&D;oGm;vli,fawGjzpfrnf[k rSef;q
vdkY &ygonf/ wpfcsKdUvli,fav;awGu olwdkY\ausmydk;tdyfudk acgif;
tHk;NyD; &wkef;&cdkuftcsdefuav;rSm tdyfaeMuum useftazmf
rsm;utom;n§yfaygifrkefYpm;olupm;? a&oefYykvif;armholuarmhESifh
tdyfzefapmifh wm0ef,laewmjrif&ygw,f/
rD;&xm;apmifhaepOf þvli,ftawmfrsm;rsm;ESifh uRefawmf
wdkYvifr,m; pum;ajym&,farm&if;u &if;ESD;vmwmESifhtrQ [ef
raqmifawmhbJ olwdkYuav;awGxHu ra&&mao;onfh b0udk&Sm
&if; tpaysmufaeMuonfudk jrifawGU&ygawmhonf/ þodkYjzifh
pum;aumif;vmNyD;? uRefawmfwdkYESifh c&D;oGm;&mwGiftwlygaeusjzpf
&ifzd kp&maumif;vSwJh ywf0ef;usiftajctaeeJY jynfhvQHaewJh&ifzd kp&maumif;vSwJh ywf0ef;usiftajctaeeJY jynfhvQHaewJh&ifzd kp&maumif;vSwJh ywf0ef;usiftajctaeeJY jynfhvQHaewJh&ifzd kp&maumif;vSwJh ywf0ef;usiftajctaeeJY jynfhvQHaewJh&ifzd kp&maumif;vSwJh ywf0ef;usiftajctaeeJY jynfhvQHaewJh
cG Jpdwfukocef;xJu q&m0efwdkif;[mcG Jpdwfukocef;xJu q&m0efwdkif;[mcG Jpdwfukocef;xJu q&m0efwdkif;[mcG Jpdwfukocef;xJu q&m0efwdkif;[mcG Jpdwfukocef;xJu q&m0efwdkif;[m
aoG;udk toufeJ Y owfrSwfzd k Y BudK;pm;aeMuygw,f/aoG;udk toufeJ Y owfrSwfzd k Y BudK;pm;aeMuygw,f/aoG;udk toufeJ Y owfrSwfzd k Y BudK;pm;aeMuygw,f/aoG;udk toufeJ Y owfrSwfzd k Y BudK;pm;aeMuygw,f/aoG;udk toufeJ Y owfrSwfzd k Y BudK;pm;aeMuygw,f/
'DESpfck[m cG J jcm;r&ygbl; wpfckysuf&if aemufwpfck ysufrSmygyJ/'DESpfck[m cG J jcm;r&ygbl; wpfckysuf&if aemufwpfck ysufrSmygyJ/'DESpfck[m cG J jcm;r&ygbl; wpfckysuf&if aemufwpfck ysufrSmygyJ/'DESpfck[m cG J jcm;r&ygbl; wpfckysuf&if aemufwpfck ysufrSmygyJ/'DESpfck[m cG J jcm;r&ygbl; wpfckysuf&if aemufwpfck ysufrSmygyJ/
a'gufwmaygb&ef;a'gufwmaygb&ef;a'gufwmaygb&ef;a'gufwmaygb&ef;a'gufwmaygb&ef;
touf\t&if;tjrpfum ; tb,frSmenf;
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(63)
126125
onfhh a,½Ic&pfawmftaMumif; pum;pysKd;vdkufygawmhonf/
uRefawmfwdk Ypum;ajym&if;u tNidrfraewwfbJ pGefYpm;rI
udkawmifhwwwfonfh vli,ftcsKdUonf yGifhyGihfvif;vif; uRefawmf
wdkYESifh ajymvmonfrSm ppfrSefNyD;t"dyÜm,f&Sdonfh olwdkYawmifhwae
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awGUr,f[k arQmfvifhMuNyD;? wpfcsKdUu aemifawGU&rnfh rdwfaqGudk
arQmfvihfxm;ovdk? tcsKdUuawmh r&SufraMumufbJ aemifwpfcsdef
pdwf<uaq;oHk;wJhtcg? t&ufaomufwJhtcgponfrSm awGUr,fvdkY
arQmfvifhxm;MuaMumif; zGifh[ajymqdkcJhMuovdk? tcsKdUuawmh
ao&r,fha&m*gqdk;ul;pufcH&rSmudk txl;pdk;&drfaMumufvefYaeMu
aMumif; odcGifh&vmygw,f/
tmz&duwdkufwGif þuyf a&m*gqdk;udk]vlydefao;a&m*g}[k
ac:Muonf/ aq;ynmtqdkrSm a&m*gydk;wpfrsKd;jzpfwJh ‘HIV (hu-
man immuno-deficiency virus) Positive’ vdkYac:ygw,f/ aoG;ppf
MunhfvdkY onfa&m*gydk;awGUygu AIDS qdkonfh uyfa&m*gqdk;jzpf
aeNyDrdkY uk&mew¬daq;r&Sd[k qdkEdkifygonf/ aMumufp&m aumif;vS
onfh onfa&m*g&aeNyDqdkwmod&vQif b,folrqdk wr[kwfjcif;
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tvdktyfqHk;jzpfaomfvnf; npfnrf;onfhaoG;u &Sifoefonfhb0udk
qHk;½HI;apzdkYyJ jzpfygvdrfhrnf/
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tyfqHk;jzpfwmudk odayaomf uRefawmhtzdkY aoG;udk pufqkyf&GH&SmzG,f
&mwpfcktjzpfjrifaerdygonf/ wpfcgu uRefawmf\pufqkyf&GH&SmrI
udk ausmfvTm;EdkifzdkY vef'efaq;½Hkwpfckuzdwfí cGJpdwfukojcif;udk
oGm;a&mufMunfhcJhzl;ygw,f/ cGJpdwfcef;udk a&mufcJhaomfvnf; vlem
tm; cGJpdwfaejcif;udkjrif&aomtcg arhroGm;atmif udk,fhudk,fudk
renf;xdef;cJ h&zl;ygonf/ onftajctaeudk owdjyKrdonfh
rdwfaqGq&m0efu tjyifxGufoGm;zdkY tBuHay;vmaomtcg ESpfcg
rajym&bJ cGJpdwfcef;tjyifudk xGufcJh&ygawmhonf/
rnfodkYyifjzpfapumrl wpfOD;wpfa,muf\aoG;pdrf;&Sif&Sifudk
jrif&csdefwGif jzpfay:vmwwfonfh tajctaeudk tyxm;NyD;? aoG;
xGufvGefaeonfh vlwpfa,muf\toufudku,fzdkY&ef aoG;oGif;
ay;jcif;ygyifjzpfonf/ tcktcgrSm tHhzG,faumif;wJh aq;ynmwdk;
wufrIaMumifh usef;rmaeolwpfOD;qDu a&m*guif;aomaoG;udk
xkwf,lNyD; b0qHk;awmhr,fh vlrrmudk,fwGif;udk aoG;oGif;ukoenf;
jzifh toufu,fEdkifygNyD/
aq;ynmokawoeawGrvkyfao;onfh a&S;ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmu
wnf;uyif bk&m;ocifu ]]taMumif;rlum;? udk,fcEmtoufonf
taoG;ü wnf\}} (0wf 17;11) [k rdefYawmfrlcJhygonf/ a'gufwm
aygb&ef;u ]]tDvufxa&mepfenf;ynmawGeJY vTrf;jcHKaewJh
cGJpdwfukcef;xJu q&m0efwdkif;[m aoG;udk touftaeeJYowfrSwf
zdkY BuKd;pm;aeMuygw,f/ 'DESpfck[m cGJjcm;r&ygbl; wpfckqkH;½HI;&if
ESpfckpvHk;udk qHk;½HI;rSmygyJ}}[k qdk\/
odkY&mwGif vltrsm;owd rxm;rdwmonfrSm HIV ydk;ul;pufrIqdk
onfrSm vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufaexdkifrI tajctaetay:u aygufzGm;
vmjcif;jzpfNyD; vlwdkif;rSm aoG;uwpfqifh ul;pufjzpfay:vmonfh
a&m*gwpfrsK d;&S daeonfrSm MumygNyD/ tb,faMumif hqd kaomf
...bk&m;ocifonf ajrwjyifvHk;ü ae&aomvltrsdK;rsdK;wdkYudk
(64)
128127
waoG;wnf; ESifhzefqif;awmfrlí(w 17;26)? þodkY aoavmuf
onfh aoG;npfnrf;rI a0'emcHpm;&jcif;onf vlom;wdkif; cHpm;&
onfh a0'emjzpfonf/ or®musrf;pmu þodkYaoG;om;npfnrf;&
onfh t&if;tjrpfonf tm'Huwpfqifh vmcJhaMumif; od&ygonf/
a&S;OD;pGmaomvltm'Honf..(1aum 15;45) tjypfjyKcsdefu
pNyD; vlom;rsdK;qufrsm;? tom;ta&mifuGJonfjzpfap? t&yfa'o
odkYr[kwf ae&mXmeuGJonfjzpfap ao'PfcsrSwfcHMu&onfom jzpf
ygawmhonf/ usrf;pmxJwGif wdwdususqdkxm;wmonfrSm vl
taygif;wdkYonf tm'Htm;jzifh aojcif;odkYa&mufonf (1aum
15;22) rSefygonf? AIDS onf aoG;uwpfqifh udk,fwGif;odkY 0if
a&muf ul;pufvmovdk tm'HjyKaomtjypfu vlom;rsdK;qufwGif
ul;pufjyefYyGm;jcif;jzpfonf/ tm'Hom tjypfrjyKcJhygu b,folrS
a0'emcHpm;&jcif;? toufaoqHk;&jcif;ponfrsm; rcHpm;&bJ
vlb0rS aumif;uifbHkudk a&mufoGm;rnfjzpfonf/ odkYaomfvnf;
xdkodkYjzpfrvmcJhacs/
bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmftm;jzifh a,½IudkzGm;jrifonfhtcg
toufqufay;EdkifonfhaoG;udk vlom;rsdK;EG,ftwGif; ay;oGif;cJh
ygonf/ jzpf&yHkrSm aumif;uifwrefawmfwpfyg;jzpfonfh *gajAvu
rm&dudk udk,f0ef&SdvmNyD; om;a,musfm; arG;zGm;vmvdrfhrnf[k
ajymcJhygonf/ xdkom;udk a,½I[k ac:Muvdrfhrnf? a,musfm;ESifh
&Sufwifjcif; r&Sdao;onfh tysdKpifrdef;uav;tm; udk,f0efrnf
odkY&Sdvmrnfudkvnf; &Sif;jycJhygonf/
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonfoifh\tay:rSmoufa&muf
awmfrlí? tjrifhqHk;aombk&m;\ wefcdk;tmEkabmfawmf
onf oifhudkvTrf;rdk;vdrfhrnf/ xdktaMumif;aMumifh xdk
oefY&Sif;aomom;onfvnf; bk&m;ocif\ om;awmf[k
ac:a0:orkwfjcif;udkcH&vdrfhrnf/ (vk 1;35)
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\rsdK;aphESifh tysKdpifü&Sdonfh ADZudk
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bk&m;ocifu vlUZmwdudk ,lcJhjcif;yifjzpfonf/ wpfzefrm&d0rf;wGif;
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aom oefY&Sif;pifMu,fonfh taoG;awmfonf oaE¨om;twGif;
vnfywf vmygawmhonf/
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wdkYESifhywfoufí oGifjyifvu©Pmrsm;} “The Chemistry of the blood” rSm
cEmaA'? rD;,yfom;zGm;ynm&yfESifh olemjyKqdkif&mokawoepmwrf;rsm; u
udk;um;aumufEIwfNyD; azmfjyonfrSm? ]]rdcifu olUoaEom;zGHUNzdK; BuD;xGm;EdkifzdkY
tm[m&udkay;pGrf;Ed kifayr,fh oaE¨om;ü&S daeonfh aoG;udk awmh
oaE¨om;udk,fwdkif xkwf,lygonf/ y#doaE¨wnfcsdefupNyD; zGm;jrifcsdef
wdkifatmif rdcifxHrS aoG;wpfpufrQ oaE¨om;xH o,faqmif ay;jcif;
r&SdcJ h}}[l\/ a'gufwm'D[ef;\a&;om;csufudk oHk;oyfajymqdk&mwGif
a'gufwma&mbwftD;udk;(v)refu a'gufwm'D[ef; tjrifrSm a,musfm;
wpfOD;\okwfaoG;rsdK;aphuwpfqifh oaE¨om;taeESifh aoG;udk &&Sdonf rdkY
y#doaE¨aqmifonfh rdcif\aoG;ESifh rywfouf[k qdkjcif;udk tjcm;
aq;okawoeynm&Sifwdk Ytaejzifh oifhawmfonfh tqHk;tjzwfay;zdk Y
vdkygvdrfhrnf[k tqdkjyKjcif;udk a'gufwm'D[ef;u 'gudk jyóemwpf&yf
rjzpfapvdkyg/ trSefrSm a,½Iudk bk&m;ocifu oaE¨wnfapcJhjcif;rdk Y
or®musrf;pmwGif rsKd;½dk;vdkufNyD; tjypf&Sdonfh ,k'vlrsdK;rsm;\tjypfonf
aoG;xJrSmygvmonfqdkonfudk xnfhpOf;pm;&ef vdkrnfrxifyg/
(65)
130129
vlUaoG;onf j'yfaygif;wpfckjzpfonfrdkYtvGefw&m½IyfaxG;vS
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txufu ajymcJhovdk ppfrSefNyD;t"dyÜm,f&Sdonfhb0udk &SmolawG
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xm;aom taoG;awmfonf tjypfudkaq;aMumzdkYypönf;wpfckjzpf
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a,½I\taoG;awmfonf pmwef\wdkufcdkufrIudk tumtuG,fay;
aeygvdrfhr,f/ onfwefzdk;BuD;vS onfh taoG;awmftaMumif;udk (1ay
1;18? 19) wGif þodkYqdkxm;ygonf/
rdpOfbqufusifvnfcJhaomtcsnf;ESD;usifhMuHjyKrljcif;rS?
a&TaiGtp&Sdaom azmufjyefysufpD;wwfaom OpömESifh oif
wdkYudk a&G;awmfrlonfr[kwf/ tb,ftjypfrSr&Sd? tnpf
taMu;ESifhuif;pifaomodk;oli,fuJhodkYaom c&pfawmf\
taoG;awmfjrwfESifha&G;awmfrlonfudkodrSwfMuavmh/
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wpfcgu owif;pmwpfapmifxJwGif tjrwfBuD;pm;ydkYaqmifa&;
vkyfief;wpfcku usef;rma&;rxdcdkuf&atmifaqmif&Guf&rnfhudpö
udk avsmhavsmhayghaygheJY vkyfcJhjcif;udk zwfrdygonf/ tjrwfrsm;rsm;
&Edkifzd k YtwGuf onfvkyfief;&Sifu ypönf;o,fh,mOfwpfpD;udk
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r0if wvSnfhpDo,f,lydkYaqmifcJhygonf/ xdkYaMumifh pm;oHk;olrsm;
tqdyfoifhNyD; tBuD;tus,f emrusef;jzpfcJhMu&ygawmhonf/
vlUudk,fcEmxJwGif bk&m;ocifpDrHay;xm;aom o,f,lydkYaqmif
a&;vkyfaqmifrIrSm tpmtm[m&rsm;udk uvmyfpnf;rsm;qD ydkYaqmifNyD;
wpfcsdefxJwGif rvdktyfonfhypönf;rsm;udk pGefYypf&onfh vkyfaqmifrIudk
yg wpfcgwnf;vkyfaqmif ay;ygonf/ bk&m;ocif\wdusaom
zefqif;rIaMumifh a&maESmnpfnrf;rI r&Sdap&bJ aoG;aMumtwGif;
ydkYaqmifo,f,lrIjyKEdkifygawmhonf/ tHhzG,faumif;onfrSm uvmyf
pnf;wpfckonf aoG;aMumwpfckESifh qHcsnfrQifwrQ ao;i,fonfh
tuGmta0;xuf rydkvSyg? xdktaersKd;wGif uvmyfpnf;xJrS tqdyf
oifhypönf;udk rz,f&Sm;Edkifygu &v'frSm aojcif;yifjzpf\/
bk&m;ocifu uREkfyfwdkYü a&maESmnpfnrf;aeonfhtjypfudk z,f
xkwf&mwGif txufuOyrmtwdkif;yifjzpf\/ xdkodkYoefYpifonfhtcg
a,½I\wefzdk;&SdvSonfh taoG;awmfudk toHkjyK;&ygonf/ bk&m;ocif
onf tvif;ü&SdawmfrlouJhodkY? igwdkYonf tvif;üusifvnfvQif?
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awmfa,½Ic&pf\ taoG;awmfonf igwdkY tjypf&SdorQudkaq;aMum
(66)
132131
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uREkfyfwdkY\tjypfrsm;udk tjcm;aomenf;vrf;jzifh tjypfvTwfEdkifjcif;
r&Sdyg? taMumifhqdkaomf? ...taoG;roGef;avmif;bJ tjypfvTwf
jcif;r&Sd (a[jAJ 9;22) /
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toufqufEdkifzdkY aoG;\vkyfaqmifay;aom aemuftvkyf
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udk,ftESHY ydkYay;jcif;yif/ þvkyfaqmifrIudk aoG;u raqmif&GufEdkifcJh
yguuvmyfpnf;ESifhtom;rQifrsm;onf a&ESifhtm[m&"mwfypönf;
r&onfhtwGuf aooGm;Edkifygonf/ aoG;omv,fywfrI r&SdcJhvQif
cEmudk,fysufpD;oGm;ygvdrfhrnf/ aocsmonfrSm aoG;aMumifh touf&Sif
ae&jcif;jzpfonf/
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tcg wynfhrsm;udk wkefvIyfacsmufcsm;oGm;apcJhonfrSm?
vlom;\tom;udk rpm;? taoG;udkraomufvQif oifwdkYü
toufr&Sd/ ig\tom;udkpm;í ig\taoG;udkvnf; aomufaom
olonf xm0&toufudk&\/ xdkoludk aemufqHk;aomaeYü
igxajrmufaprnf/ ig\tom;onf pm;p&maumif;\/ig\taoG;
vnf;aomufp&maumif;\/ (a,m 6;53-55)
a,½Iuqufí rdrdqdkvdkonfht"dyÜm,fudk &Sif;jy&mwGif? ...
ig\tom;taoG;udk aomufpm;aomolonf igüwnf\/ xdk
olüvnf; igwnf\ (a,m 6;56)/ tvGef0rf;ajrmufzG,faumif;
aom0dnmOfa&;ESifhoufqdkifonfh &Sif;vif;jyqdkcsufjzpfygonf/ a,½I
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qdkjcif;jzpf\/ udk,fawmf\taoG;awmfaMumifhom ,ckuREkfyfwdkY
udk,fawmfa&G;EIwfu,fwifjcif; cJhygNyD/ ocifa,½I&Sif;jycJhonfh
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0rf;ajrmufzG,faumif;vSygayonf/
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cHpm;Edkifrnfudk ,HkMunfolrsm;taejzifh 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om axmufcH
ajymqdkEdkifonfrSm ]&Sifjyefxajrmufaoma,½I igüwnf\}jzpfyg
onf/ vlrsm;u aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;qdkif&myGJawmfr*FvmwGif
aygifrkefYESifh pyspf&nfudk aomufoHk;&mwGif ½dk;pif;aomfvnf; aus;Zl;
awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;eJY oufaocHjcif;oauFwudk ay:vGifapygonf/
tHhMop&myif/
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oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\wefcdk;tm;jzifh topfarG;zGm;vmol\
toufwmwGif tHhMozG,fxif&Sm;vsuf&Sdygonf/ rSefygonf? vlom;
wdkif;awmifhwaeaomppfrSefNyD; t"dyÜm,ft&SdqHk;aomt&mrSm
taoG;awmfudk pD;0ifapjcif;yifjzpfygonf/
** rsm;pGmaomolwdkYu ,aeYtxd yGJawmfrSm aygifrkefYESifh pyspf&nfaomuf
oHk;jcif;jzifh c&pfawmf\taoG;tom;toGifodkY ajymif;vJvmrnfqdkaom
,HkMunfcsufrSm tvGef0rf;enf;p&maumif;avmufatmif rSm;,Gif;aeyg wnf/
udk,fawmfhtvdkrSm ,HkMunfolwdk Ytaejzif h olwdk YxHwGif udk,fawmf
wnf&Sdaeonfudk odrSwfzdkYyif/
(67)
134133
umuG,frIudk ay;Ed kifwJ h aoG;umuG,frIudk ay;Ed kifwJ h aoG;umuG,frIudk ay;Ed kifwJ h aoG;umuG,frIudk ay;Ed kifwJ h aoG;umuG,frIudk ay;Ed kifwJ h aoG;
vlUtaoG;\tHhzG,fpGrf;aqmifcsuf aemufwpfck&Sdygao;onf/
toufay;Edkifonfomru umuG,frIudkyg ay;Edkifonfh aoG;yif/
wpfcgu tdEd,EdkifiHwGif ykvdyfa&m*gjzpfaMumif;od&vQif wpf
urÇmvHk; þuyfa&m*gudk aMumufvefYwkefvIyf oGm;ygawmhonf/
tdEd´,rS pwifxGufcGmvmaom *sufav,mOfrsm;udk ydk;owfaq;
jzef;um? wpfcsKdUav,mOfwifru c&D;onfawGudkyg a&m*grul;puf
Edkifap&ef acwåcPoD;oefYcGJxm;NyD; aq;ppfaq;rI cHapygonf/
xdkrQru vdktyfonf[kxifygu tdEd,rS ysHoef;vmaomav,mOf
rsm;udk acwåcPydwfxm;ygonf/
ykvdyfa&m*g tEÅ&m,frSomr[kwf/ vludk tjrJrjywf tEÅ&m,f
jyKaeaom tm*EÅKa&m*gydk;rsm;? toufudktEÅ&m,fjyKEdkifonfh a&m*g
ydk;rsm;u wdkufcdkufaeygonf/ odkYaomf cE¨mudk,fwGif;u tHhMop&m
aumif;onfhaoG;u þa&m*gydk;rsm;udk wdkufzsufEdkifonfh xl;jcm;
aompepf&Sdygonf/ tqdyftawmufudk acszsufonfhypönf;ESifh
cEmudk,fwGif; usL;ausmf0ifa&mufvmaom AufwD;&D;,m;ydk;rsm;udk
ckcHEdkifaomypönf;rsm; aoG;aMumtwGif;wGif &Sdygonf/ ,ckajymouJh
odkY usL;ausmfvmygu aoG;xJrS (white blood cells) ac: aoG;jzLO
uvmyfpnf;rsm;u ul;pufrIr&Sd&atmif OD;pGmwdkufzsufygonf/
þodkYwdkufzsuf&mwGif uvmyfpnf;rsm;udk yGm;rsm;vmapNyD; wdkuf
zsufjcif;jzpfygonf/
tHhzG,faumif;avmufatmif ocifa,½I\taoG;awmfonf
vlom;wdkY\aoG;uJhodkY c&pf,mefomoemawmf &SifoefEdkifa&;rSm
umuG,fay;aom tpGrf;owådyg&Sdaeygonf/ ,HkMunfolrsm;udk
pmwef\wdkufcdkufrIrS umuG,fay;aeonfrSm a,½I\taoG;awmf
yif/ bk&m;ocif\vlom;rsm;ESifh pmwefwdkufyGJNyD;qHk;onfh tcsdef
rSm ]]olwdkYonfodk;oli,f\taoG;tm;jzifh¤if;? rdrdwdkYoufaocHcsuf
EIwfuywfw&m;tm;jzifh¤if; atmifjrifí? taocHonfhwdkifatmif
udk,fhtoufudk rESajrmMu (Asm 12;11)/ oifvnf; rm&fewf\
wdkufcdkufrIrS ocifa,½I\wefzdk;rjzwfEdkifaom taoG;awmfu
umuG,fay;jcif;udk &Edkifygvdrfhrnf/
a,½I\pmweftay:atmifjrifrI&rnfhtaMumif;udk BudKwif
a[mxm;onfrSm tm'HESifh {0wdkYudk rm&fewfu aoG;aqmifzsufqD;
jcif;aemufrSmjzpfygonf/ onfaemuf bk&m;ocif uwdjyKcJhonf
rSm rdef;r\rsKd;aphaMumifh ysufpD;jcif;udka&muf&ygvdrfhrnf[k pD&if
awmfrl\/ ]]oifESifhrdef;rudk¤if;/ oif\ trsdK;tEG,fESifh rdef;r\trsKd;
tEG,fudk¤if;? igonf&efNidK;zGJUaprnf/ olonf oif\ acgif;udk Budwf
vdrfhrnf? oifonfol\zaemifhudk Budwfvdrfhrnf[krdefYawmfrl\ (u
3;15)/ rdef;r\rsK d;aphu pmwefYOD;acgif;ud k cG Jygvdrf hrnf/
odkY&mwGifa>ru ar&Sd,\zaemifhudk OD;pGmaygufcJhygNyD/ rSefygonf?
ocifa,½Ic&pfawmfudk,fwdkif? rdef;r\rsKd;aphaMumifh taoG;awmf
xGufcJh&ygonf/
aojcif;w&m;udk tpdk;&aomolwnf;[laom rm&fewf\
wefcdk;udk csKd;zJhzsufqD;jcif;iSg¤if; (a[NAJ 2? 15)
ra&&mao;aomb0udk&Sm&if; tpaysmufaeNyD; ta,mif
aqmif vSnfhjzm;rIaemufodkYvdkufaeaom yg&DNrdKU? *ga&pdefYvmpa&
blwm½HkBuD;xJu ausmif;om;rsm;ESifhrwlbJ rsm;jym;pGmaomolwdkY
onf ppfrSefNyD; t"dyÜm,f&Sdonfh b0udk awGUoGm;MuygNyD/ rMumcifu
(68)
136135
a':&oDESifh uRefawmfppfrSefNyD; t"dyÜm,f&Sdonfh b0udk &&SdoGm;ygNyDqdk
aom ,l*ef'gjynfoljynfom; wpf&mcefYESifh awGUcGifh &&SdcJhygonf/
a,½Ic&pf\wefzdk;BuD;vSaomtaoG;awmfrSm ,l*ef'gjynfoljynf
om;rsm; awGU&SdcJhaom ESvHk;om;udk oefYpifapjcif;? toufqufay;
jcif;ESifh rm&fewfudk wGef;vSefwdkufcdkufEdkifonfh tpGrf;yifjzpfonf[l
\/ olwdkYawGtaejzifh rSefuefpGmaxmufcHaMunmEdkifonfrSm olwdkY
twGuf twdwfutjzpf tysufrsm; r&SdawmhbJ topfrsm;omjzpf
vmygawmhonf/
uifnmEdkifiH? ,l*ef'goH½Hk;u jzpfvmawmhrnfh tEÅ&m,fudk
owday;cJhaomfvnf; bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&Sdonfhtwdkif; uREkfyfwdkY
ZeD;armifESH ,l*ef'gudk c&D;xGufvmcJhMuygonf/ bk&m;ocifu
uRefawmfwdkYESifh ,l*ef'goif;tkyfq&mrsm;\aqG;aEG;yGJudk &uf&Snf
apcJhygonf/ aemufrS uRefawmfwdkYod&onfrSm udk,fawmfu tjyef
av,mOfc&D;udkvnf; BudKwifpDpOfxm;cJhygonf/ (xdk YaMumifh
uRefawmfwdkY pD;cJhaomav,mOfonf tifwaAudk ppfzufu tmPm
xyfNyD; rodrf;cif aemufqHk;xGufcGmonfh av,mOfjzpfygonf/)
tifwaAavqdyfudk a&mufonfESifhwpfNydKifeufwnf; owdxm;
rdonfrSm wif;rmrIESifh pdk;&drfaMumufvefYrIrsm;u vTrf;rdk;jcif;yif/
½IyfaxG;NyD; qlylatmf[pfaeonfrSmvnf; ajymrjyEdkif avmufatmif
yif/ &Sm;&Sm;yg;yg; xdkt&yfu um;wpfpD;ESifh uRefawmfwdkY avqdyf
rS AHk;'PfaMumifhcsKdifhrsm;? wGif;rsm;jynfhaeaomvrf;twdkif; armif;
vm&m rMumrDav;rSmyif ½dkif;pdkif;vSaomppfom;wpfpku aoewf
rsm;ESifhcsdefNyD; um;udk wm;ygawmhonf/ olwdkYonf tpdk;& bufawmf
om;awGvm;? tpdk;&udkwdkufcdkufaeolawGvm;? odkYwnf;r[kwf ppf
0wfpHk0wfxm;onfh vlqdk;awGvm;qdkonfudk rnfolrQ od[efrwl
yg/ tHhMop&maumif;avmufatmifuREkfyfwdkYum;armif;olrSm olwdkY
vlrsKd;pkxJurSef;odoGm;MuonfhtwGuf rvTwfcsif vTwfcsifESifh oGm;
cGifhjyKvdkufygawmhonf/
uRefawmfwdkYudk ac:oGm;cJhonfhfae&mrSm aMumufvefYaeonfh
vlae&yfuGuftwGif;rS tvif;a&mifr&Sd npfywfaya&aeaom
taqmuftOD;uav;wpfckqDodk Yjzpfygonf/ oif;tkyfq&mrsm;
ESifholwdkY\ZeD;rsm; a&mufvmMuaomtcg ywf0ef;usifted|m½Hkudk
uRefawmfwdkY arhoGm;MuygNyD/ xm0&bk&m;ocifudk,fawmfwdkifyg&SdNyD;
BuD;rm;awmfrlaombkef;wefcdk;awmfESifh uRefawmfwdkY tm;vHk;udk aus;Zl;
jyKvsuf&Sdygonf/ þuJhodkY ,l*ef'grS tpnf;ta0;rsm;onf uRefawmf
wdkYtwGuf touf&Sifaombk&m;ocifESifhtwl&SdNyD; tpnf;ta0;
vkyf&onfjzpfí rarhEdkifavmufatmifyif trSwf&aeMurnfjzpfyg
onf/
oif;tkyfq&mrsm;ESifh olwdkY\ZeD;rsm;onf wnfNidrfpGmtm½Hkpdkuf
Mu&if; roufromxdkif&onfh cHkwef;vsm;rsm;ay:wGif wpfae
ukefwpfaecef;xdkifNyD; uRefawmfESifh a':&oDwdkY bk&m;ocif\rSefuef
aompum;rsm;udk or®musrf;pmzwfNyD; a0iSMujcif;udk em;axmifcJhMu
ygonf/ uRefawmfoifjyaecsdefrSm a':&oDu oifykef;a[mif;BuD;
wpfckay:wGif rSwfom;p&maumufEIwfcsufrsm;udk a&;ay;onfudk
olwdkY tjrwfwEdk; pkaqmif;odrf;qnf;xm;Muonfh pm&Gufrsm;ay:
vdkufvHa&;om;rSwf,lMuygonf/ xdktcsdefrSmyif wcg;aygufqDrS
0½kef;okef;um; qlnHoHMum;vdkuf&NyD; t&ufrl;aeaom aoewfudkif
umuG,fa&;tzGJUom;ESpfOD;txJ0if&efBudK;pm;&m wpfOD;udk t0wGif
xdef;odrf;Edkifaomfvnf; usefwpfOD;rSm tcef;wGif;okdY wdk;0ifvmcJhNyD;
a':&oD\ESvHk;om;wnfhwnfhudk aoewfESifh csdefxm;vdkufygawmh
(69)
138137
onf/
a':a&mfoDu ]]uJ...uRefrwdkYtm;vkH; 'Dvla,½IudkodEdkifzdkY
qkawmif;ay;Mu&atmif}}vdkY wnfNidrfpGmajymvdkufygonf/
xdkwpfcPtcsdefuav;udk? uRefawmhtaejzifh wpfurÇmxifae
pOfrSmyif? pum;jyefu uRefawmhbufvSnfhNyD; ]]aoewfudkif 'Dtrl;
orm;u ]'DtrsKd;orD;BuD;&JUbk&m;udk usKyfodjcifvdkufwm} vdkYajymvdkuf
wm uRefawmfjzifh ,Hkawmifr,HkEdkifygbl;}} [k wtHhwMoajymvmyg
onf/
pum;jyefu ajymaecsdefwGif uREkfyfwpfoufwmü arhr&Edkifonfh
jrifuGif;rSm t&ufrl;aeonfhaoewfudkifolonf aoewfajymif;udk
atmufEdSrhfcs? olUvufuaoewfudk vTwfcsNyD; 'l;ñGwfvdkufonfudk
jrifvdkuf&ygawmhonf/ þjrifuGif;rSm aumif;uifwrefu aoewf
udkiftrl;orm;udk 'l;ñGwfapcJhonfvm;? tpnf;ta0;twGif; uREkfyf
wdkYESifhtwl&Sdaeaom bk&m;ocif\tHhMop&m wefcdk;awmfaMumifh
vm;? aoewfudkif trl;orm;udk,fwdkifMuifemoem;pdwf0ifvmNyD;
ol\ESvHk;om;u apcdkif;í'l;ñGwfvdkufovm;qdkonfudk uREkfyf
taejzifh rodEdkifyg/
awGUqHkaqG;aEG;yGJtpDtpOfxJwGif rygaom þtcsufudk tcGifh
aumif;wpfcktjzpfodvdkufojzifh a':&oDu]]uRefreJYvdkufNyD; 'D
qkawmif;csufudk vdkufqdkqkawmif;yg}} [k ajymNyD; olUudk,fol
bmvkyf&rSef;rodjzpfaeonfh trl;orm;udk wpfqifhNyD; wpfqifh
qkawmif;csufjzifh vuf0g;uyfwdkifajc&if;? tjypform;rsm;udk tjypf
rSvTwfu,fwifonfh u,fwif&SifxHudk ac:oGm;cJhygonf? olonf
ppfrSefaomb0udk a,½I\taoG;awmfrSwpfqifh awGU&SdoGm;cJhygNyD/
tb,faMumifh ,ckuRefawmf þtawGUtMuHKudk a0rQaeyg
ovJ? taMumif;rSm þarhr&Edkifaom awGUqHkaqG;aEG;yGJrSwpfqifh
jzpfay:vmrnfhtaMumif; aMumifhyifjzpfygonf/
uRefawmfwdkY vlpkvla0;xJu vltawmfrsm;rsm;onf usL;
ausmf0ifa&mufvmcJhaom vufeufudkif vl&rf;um;udk aMumufvefY
ola&m? rkef;wD;olyg &SdEdkifygvdrfhrnf/ rMumao;rDu olwdkY\touf
udk Ncdrf;ajcmufcHcJh&olrsm;vnf; þtxJwGifyg0ifaeygonf/ wuf
a&mufvmaom w&m;a[mq&mwpfOD;rSm umuG,fa&;tzGJU0ifrsm;
u olUudk taoypfowf&mwGif uHtm;avsmfpGm toufraoaomf
vnf; vufacsmif;uav;rsm; jywfxGufoGm;&ygonf/ ,aeYwGifrl
ocifa,½Iudk &if;ESD;NyD; udk,fwdkifarwåmxm;wwfolrsm;jzpfMuojzifh
a,½Iudk ,aeYrS odcGifh&oludk &if;ESD;cifrifpGm ayGUzufEIwfquf
cJhMuygonf/
xdkaemuf olwdkYonf wl&d,mrygbJom,mem aysmfzG,ftmz&d
uefoHpOfESifh oDcsif;qdkMuygawmhonf/ uREfkyftaeESifh wtHhwMojzpf
cJh&onfh aw;pmom;rsm;rSm ...
tdk a,½I\ taoG;awmf?
tdk a,½I\ taoG;awmf?
tdk a,½I\ taoG;awmf?
uREkfyf\ tjypfrsm;udk aq;aMumay;yg\/
tu,fíom urÇmay:rS acgif;aqmifrsm; xdkaeYu uREfkyf
wdkYESifh twlwl&SdaecJhygu bk&m;ocif\wdkif;&if;om;tkyfpk? vlrsdK;pk?
EdkifiHaygif;pHku y#dyu©rsm;udk bk&m;ocifajz&Sif;yHkudk trSefwu,f
udk,fwdkifudk,fus awGYjrifMu&rnfjzpfygonf/
vuf0g;uyfwdkifrSmoGef;aom taoG;awmftm;jzifh &efudk
(70)
140139
jidrf;apí? aumif;uift&mjzpfap? ajrBuD;t&mjzpfap?
cyfodrf;aomt&mwdkYudk om;awmftm;jzifh bk&m;ocifESifh
rdwfó[m,zGJUapjcif;iSm¤if; tvdk&Sdawmfrl\/ (aum 1;
20)..txufu bk&m;ocifESifhuGm &Sif;í? qdk;npfaom
tusifhudk usifhojzifh pdwfESvHk;ü &efoljzpfaom oifwdkYudk?
udk,fcE¨mawmfü taocHawmfrlaomtm;jzifh? ,ck rdó
[m&zGJUapawmfrl\ (aum 1;21)/
rSefygonf? bk&m;ocifESifh rSefuefonfh qufqHa&;&&SdNyD;olrsm;
tzdkY]]...taoG;awmftm;jzifh...xdkociftm;jzifh... taMumif;
rlum;? &efoljzpfvsufyif...igwdkYonf bk&m;ocifESif hrdó[m&zGJU
NyD;rS? toufawmftm;jzifh u,fwifawmfrljcif;odkY a&mufrnf[k
omíajrmfvifhp&m&Sd\}} (a&m 5;9-10)/
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef
1/ oifhtaejzifh wefzdk;&Sdonfh toufwmudkwu,fyif
tvdk&Sdygovm;¿ a,½Iu xdkt&mESifhywfoufíajymonf
rSm? igrlum;? odk;wdkYonftoufvGwf½HkrQru txl;ojzifh
toufESifh jynfhpHkapjcif;iSg vmownf;}} (a,m 10? 10)/
2/ usrf;pmwGif vl\cE¨mudk,ftwGif; rnfonfh ae&mwGif
toufudkawGUEdkifygovJ¿ (0wf 17;11 wGif Munfhyg)/
3/ a,½Ic&pfawmf\ wefzdk;rjzwfEdkifaom taoG;awmf\
xm0&t"dyÜm,f&SdyHkudk &Sif;jyyg/
taoG;awmf\aq;aMumEdkifonfh wefcdk;udk,HkMunfygo
vm;¿
taoG;awmf\toufudkay;Edkifonfh wefcdk;udk ,HkMunfyg
ovm;¿
taoG;awmf\ umuG,frIay;Edkifaom wefcdk;udk ,HkMunfyg
ovm;¿
ocifa,½Iu? igonfxajrmufjcif;taMumif;? touf&Sif
jcif;taMumif;jzpf\/ ighudk,HkMunfaomolonfaovGef
aomfvnf; &Sifvdrfhrnf/ ighudk,HkMunfí touf&Sifaomol
&SdorQwdkYonfvnf; aojcif;ESifh tpOfrjywfuif;vGwfMu
vdrfhrnf (a,m 11;25-26)/
(71)
1940ckESpfOD;ydkif;wGif rsufpdcGJpdwfukorIESifh ywfoufí txl;
wdk;wufvmcJhygonf/ þwdk;wufrIaMumifh rsufrjrifwpfOD;\ rsuf
MunfvTmudk aoqHk;NyD;cgpvlwpfOD;\(a&m*guif;aom) rsufMunf
vTmESifh tpm;xdk;ukoay;EdkifcJhygw,f/ q&mBuD;pJef;(*)pwm;u
uRefawmfwdkYudk yxrOD;qHk;atmifjrifpGm rsufMunfvTm tpm;xdk;uko
cH,l&&SdolwpfOD;taMumif;udk ajymjyygonf/
q&mBuD;pJef;(*)pwm;[m aerxGufrD rdwfaqGESpfOD;ESifh om,m
vSaomt*FvefEdkifiH\ Surrey Downs odkY xGufcGmvmMucJhygonf/
wpfOD;aomolu arG;&mygrsufrjriftrsdK;orD;wpfOD;? aemufwpfOD;
u rsufrjriftrsdK;orD;udk cGJpdwfukoay;cJhonfh q&m0efwdkYjzpf
Muygonf/ rsufpdcGJpdwfNyD;aemufwGif vlem\rsufpdESpfvHk;udk ywfwD;
txyfxyfjzifh tvif;a&mifudk umuG,fay;xm;ygonf/ aemuf
wjznf;jznf;cGm csay;vdkufygonf/ trsdK;orD;rSm tvif;a&mifudk
tm½HkwGif tenf;i,fcHpm;&&SdrdNyD; tvGefpdwfvIyf&Sm;aeygawmh
onf/ aerxGufrDtcsdefuav;wGif pu©Ktm½Hkudk wpfcgrSrcHpm;&
ao;onfh trsKd;orD;\rsufpday:u usef&Sdaeonfh ywfwD;rsm;udk
yef;csDq&m&JUtjypftemtqmuif;wJh yef;csDum;wpfcsyf? Munfvif
&Tef;jrwJhvlYrsufESm? &ifoyf½IarmzG,faumif;wJh awmawmifa&ajrobm0½Icif; -obm0½Icif; -obm0½Icif; -obm0½Icif; -obm0½Icif; -
'gawGudk aomwtm½HkeJ Y cHpm;ír&Edkifyg'gawGudk aomwtm½HkeJ Y cHpm;ír&Edkifyg'gawGudk aomwtm½HkeJ Y cHpm;ír&Edkifyg'gawGudk aomwtm½HkeJ Y cHpm;ír&Edkifyg'gawGudk aomwtm½HkeJ Y cHpm;ír&Edkifyg
u©Ktm½Hkjzifhom jynfhjynfh00cHpm;Edkifygw,f/
uRefawmfhtaeeJh bk&m;ocif\ rdom;pk0ifwpfOD; b,fvdkjzpfvmEdkifygovJ
tcef; 9tcef; 9tcef; 9tcef; 9tcef; 9
142141
(72)
jzKwfay;vdkufygawmhonf/
xdkaeYu aexGufcsdefwGif ta&SUzufrdk;ukwfpuf0dkif;wpfckvHk;udk
jzmNyD;oGm;onfh tvif;a&mifavmuf wifhw,fvSyusufoa&&Sdwm
r&Sdawmh[k xif&ygonf/ ta&SUbufwpfcGifvHk;u jrifuGif;onf
jzefYcsxm;aom yef;csDausmfwpfOD;\vuf&mwpfck yrmjrifawGU&NyD;
obm0uopfyifopf&Guf? tvif;tarSmifwkYdESifh a&mNyD; wefqmqif
xm;ouJhokdYjzpfaeygawmhonf/ aewufvmwmESifhtrQ t&dyfrsm;
vnf; MuHKUvmNyD; aus;iSufrsm;uvnf; ESif;&nfyufjzef;xm;onfh
jrufcif;pdrf;pdrf;ay:wGif aeYOD;pmvdkuf&Sm pm;aomufaewmudkvnf;
jrifawGUEdkifygNyD/ jrifuGif;wpfckvHk;u olUwpfoufwmwGif yxr
qHk;pu©Ktm½Hkudk xdawGUcHpm;&onfh trsdK;orD;wpfOD;twGuf tqef;
wMu,f? vSyxl;qef;pGm jyifqifay;xm;ovdkjzpfaeygawmhonf/
0rf;omvGef;ojzifh olryg;jyifay:wGif rsuf&nfrsm; usqif;vmum
wtHhwMoajymvdkufonf ]]&SifwdkY usrudkBudK;pm;NyD; ajymcJhovdkygyJ?
'gayr,fh usr b,fvdkrS 'DavmuftHhMop&maumif;vdrfhr,fvdkY
rawG;rdcJhygbl;}}wJh/ aemufNyD;olronf rvIyfr,SufxdkifaeNyD; bk&m;
ocifzefqif;xm;aom jrifuGif;a&SUrSm ai;idkifaeygawmhonf/
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144143
(73)
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146145
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148147
(75)
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150149
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ojzifh aus;Zl;BuD;jrwfvSygonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifh xdkwefzdk;
BuD;vSonfh taoG;awmf\umuG,fjcif;udk uRefawmf0ifa&muf
cdkvIHygNyD/
uRefawmf h pdwfESvH k;om;xJudk 0ifa&mufudef;atmif;
awmfrlNyD; uRefawmf\toufwmudk pdk;rdk;tkyfxdef;awmfrlyg/
þodk Y topfwzefarG;zGm;jcif;r*Fvmudk cHpm;&onfh
twGuf aus;Zl;awmfBuD;vSygonftb/ udk,fawmf\ &Sifjyef
xajrmufjcif;wefcdk;awmfaMumifh bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfjzpf
onfudkod&onfh tcGifhxl;cHpm;&jcif;onf rGefjrwfygonf/
udk,fawmfeJYtwl tpOftjrJtouf&Sifygawmhrnfbk&m;/
udk,fawmftm; ,HkMunfoludk....«udk,fawmfudk trSDjyK
,HkMunfolonf» &SufaMumufjcif; r&SdEdkif&m .. (1ay 2;6)
1520151
(77)
,ck oifqkawmif;yw¬emjyKNyD;aMumif;udk olwdkYudk ajymjy
vdkufyg/ rSwfxm;&rnfrSm c&pfawmf oifhtonf;ESvHk;wGif;ü &Sdae
ygonf/ þtcsufaMumifh udk,fawmfhtwGuf ajymqdkaexdkifzdkY oif
cGeftm;&ygonf/
...oifonf ocifa,½Iudk EIwfjzifh0efcHí? bk&m;ocif
onf olUudk aojcif;rS xajrmufapawmfrlNyD[k pdwfESvHk;
xJü ,HkMunfvQif? u,fwifjcif;odkY a&mufvdrfhrnf/ ajzmifh
rwf&modkY a&mufjcif;iSm pdwfESvHk;jzifh ,HkMunf&\/ u,f
wifjcif;odkY a&mufjcif;iSm EIwfjzifh 0efcH&\/
(a,m 10;9-10)
oHk;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&efoH k;oyf&ef
1/ oifhtaeESifh vufaqmifaumif;wpfck vufcH&wJhtcg
rSm0rf;ajrmufaus;Zl;wifaMumif; b,fvdk taumif;qHk;
az:jyEdkifygovJ/
]uRefawmf uRefrudk ay;yg}? ]aus;Zl;yg} ... 'gyJvm;/
2/ ],HkMunfjcif;]odkYwnf;r[kwf ]cHpm;csuf}ESifh oif[m
bk&m;ocif\om;^orD;jzpfaMumif; vHkavmufonfh
tmrcHcsuf&SdNyD[k ,lqygovm;/
,HkMunfaomtm;jzifhaus;Zl;awmfaMumifh u,fwifjcif;
odkYa&muf&\/ udk,ftvdktavsmufa&mufonfr[kwf/
bk&m;ocifoem;awmfrl&mjzpfownf;/ ({2; 8)
3/ ocifc&pfawmftay: xm;&Sdaom oifh,HkMunfrIrSm
atmufazmfjycsufawGyg0ifygovm;/
aemifw&jcif;? aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk,fawmhf
tay: tjynfht0 tm;udk;rI&Sdjcif;/
4/ ,cktcg oifhtaeESifh bk&m;ocifudk oifhtm; u,f
wifcJhonfh twGufaus;Zl;wifNyD; ocifa,½I oifh
twGuf pGrf;aqmifay;rItwGufom r[kwfbJ udk,f
awmfonf rnfoljzpfonfudk odícsD;rGrf;jcif;avm/
154153
(78)
u,fwifjcif;onfum; vHk;0taESmiftzGJUrS vGwfuif;ygonf/
rnfolrQpGrf;tm;pdkufxkwf&jcif;r&SdbJ vuf0,f&&Sdvmrnf jzpfay
onf/ ocifa,½Iu vlom;wdkYtwGuf aqmif&Gufay;jcif;jzpfyg
onf/
oifom ppfrSefaompdwfqEESifh tMuHjyKxm;aomqkawmif;csuf
(tvm;wlqkawmif;csufwpfck) jzifh qkawmif;cJhvQif c&pfawmf
tay: ,HkMunfjcif;aMumifh oifonf bk&m;ocif\ppfrSefonfh
uav;wpfOD; jzpfvmygvdrfhrnf/
xdkoludk vufcHorQaomolwnf;[laom udk,fawmfudk
,HkMunfaomolwdkYtm;? bk&m;ocif\om; jzpf&aom tcGifhudk
ay;awmfrl\ (a,m 1;12)
aocsmwmonfrSm ]]aemuf bmvmOD;rSmvJ}} [k oif ar;vm
rnfjzpfonf//
a,½Iuaojcif;w&m;tm; atmifEdkifzdkYwm0efudk jznfhpGrf;NyD;
aumif;uifbHkodkY jyefvnfrwuf<urD rdrd\wynfhrsm;udk rdefYMum;
onfrSm? ]]igüwnfaeMuavmh/ igonfvnf; oifwdkYü wnfaernf
bk&m;ocifaomfvnf;aumif;? c&pfawmfaomfvnf;aumif; rodrjrifbJ
rnfonfhtaMumif; - rnfonfhtajctae - tEÅ&m,f - prf;oyfrIrS uREkfyftm;
usa&mufxdcdkufEdkifrnfr[kwfay/ tu,fí
uREfkyftay:usa&mufxdcdkufcJhyguvnf; uREfkyf avmavmq,f
em;rvnfEdkifonfh BuD;rm;aom&nf&G,fcsuf&Sdrnfjzpfygvdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfvnf;
uREfkyftzdkY xdyfvefYwkefvIyfjcif;udkvufcHrnfr[kwfbJ bk&m;ocifxHrS
BuD;rm;aomtBuHtpnfjzifh aumif;csD;r*Fvmcsay;onf[k cH,lcg
rnfodkYaom0rf;enf;aMuuGJrIjzpfrnfr[kwfouJhodkY
rnfodkYaomtEÅ&m,fudkvnf;tnHhcHrnfr[kwfovdk
rnfonfhprf;oyfrIudkvnf;tvdkrus&Sdrnfr[kwfyg - tb,fhaMumifh
qdkaomfuREfkyf\ociftvdkawmfusap&eftwGuf 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om&Sdygrnf/
þonfum; ,HkMunfrI\atmifjrifjcif;wpf&yfjzpfygonf/
t,fvif&ufygwf(p)t,fvif&ufygwf(p)t,fvif&ufygwf(p)t,fvif&ufygwf(p)t,fvif&ufygwf(p)
aemuf bmvmOD;rvJ
tcef; 10tcef; 10tcef; 10tcef; 10tcef; 10
156155
(79)
(a,m 15;4) jzpf\/ ocifa,½Ipum;\tESpfom&rSm c&pf,mef
wpfOD;\toufwmwGif b,fenf;b,fyHkaexdkif usifhMuH&rnf[k
qdkjcif;yifjzpf\/ bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&SdawmfrlonfrSm ,kHMunfol
wdkif;onf om;awmfüwnfae&rnfjzpfNyD;? aumif;uifbHkodkY a&muf
&Sdonfhwdkif þtwdkif; umuG,fxdef;odrf;&rnf[k t"dyÜm,f&yg
onf/ jyefvnf&Sifjyefxajrmufawmfrlonfh ocifu ,HkMunfolwdkY
üwnfaeonfudk olwdkY\rdom;pk? rdwfaqGrsm;ESifh vkyfazmfudkif
zuftm;vHk;vnf; odvmap&efrSm rdrd\ESvHk;om;wGif c&pfawmf
wnfaejcif;jzifhom odomapEdkifygonf/
yef;yJorm;oHk;onfh rD;cJudkqGay;aom ]rD;qGwH}udk jrifa,mif
Munfhyg? rD;qGwHonf rD;awmufrD;vQHrsm; <uxaeaom rD;zdkxJwGif
&Sdaeygonf/ aoaocsmcsmMunfhygu rD;qGwHuvnf; rD;usD;cJyrm
&Jaeonfudk jrifEdkifygonf/ xdkYaMumifh rD;qGwHxJwGif rD;&Sdaeonf
[kajymvQif rrSm;Edkifyg/ xdkuJhodkYyif a&tdk;wpfckxJwGif yef;uefvHk;
wpfvHk;&Sdaeygu xdkyef;uefvHk;xJwGif a&&SdaernfrSm trSefyifjzpf
onf/
oifonf 'kwd,arG;zGm;cGifh&cJhvQif oef&Sif;aom0dnmOfu
c&pfawmf oifhudk,fwGif; trSefwu,fwnf&Sdae&ef AwådZHcH,lay;
ygvdrfhrnf/ or®musrf;pmü oifhudk uwdtmrcHcsufay;xm;onf
rSm? ...oifwdkYtoufonf c&pfawmfESifhtwl bk&m;ocifü 0Suf
xm;vsuf& S d\ (aum 3;3)[k azmf jyxm;\/ r Se fygonf?
tb,faMumifhqdkaomf oifhtaeESifh 'kwd,arG;zGm;cGifhudk &onfjzpf
í c&pfawmf oifhtxJü &SdaeygNyD/ tHHhzG,f&myif? 'kwd,arG;zGm;cGifh
&aomaMumifh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ bkef;toa&tm;jzifh
oifhtxJüwnfaeaom &Sifjyefxajrmufawmfrlonfh c&pfawmf
taeESifh bkef;awmfxGef;awmufvmygawmhonf/ ,cktcgwGif oifh
taeESifh 0rf;ajrmuftm;&jzpf&efrSm...bkef;toa&udk ajrmfvifh
jcif;taMumif;wnf;[laom oifwdkYtxJü wnfawmfrlaom c&pf
awmfaywnf; (aum 1;27)/ rSefygw,f/ 'kwd,arG;zGm;onfh
oifhudk,fü c&pfawmfwnfaeygNyD/ tHhMop&myif/
or®musrf;pmyg ]]igonf c&pfawmfüwnfí c&pfawmf
onf igüwnf\}} [laom taESmiftzGJUu vGwfapaom ] opöm
wnf - trTm0gus} \tusKd;oufa&mufrIudk qufNyD;pOf;pm;MuygpdkY/
igonfc&pfawmfüwnf\igonfc&pfawmfüwnf\igonfc&pfawmfüwnf\igonfc&pfawmfüwnf\igonfc&pfawmfüwnf\
igwdkY&SdorQonf0dnmOfawmfwyg;wnf;tm;jzifh wudk,f
wnf;xHodkY AwådZHudkcHMu\/(1aum 12;13)
a,½Ic&pfü AwådZHudkcHaomol &SdorQwdkYonf taocHawmf
rljcif;ü AwådZHudkcHMuonf[k oifwdk Yrodoavm/-xdk
aMumifh? taocHawmfrljcif;ü AwådZHudk cHaomtm;jzifh? xdk
ocifESifhtwloN*ØK[fjcif;udk cHMu\/
taMumif;rlum;? c&pfawmfonf crnf;awmf\ bkef;wefcdk;
tm;jzifh aojcif;rSxajrmufawmfrlonfenf;wl? igwdkYonf
vnf;topfaomtoufü usifvnf&Muownf;/ (a&m
6? 3ç4)
taMumif;rlum;? oifwdkYonf aoaomoljzpfíoifwdkY
toufonf c&pfawmfESifhtwl bk&m;ocifü 0Sufxm;
vsuf&Sd\/ (aum 3? 3)
158157
(80)
vGefcJhaomESpftawmfMumu aoG;uifqma0'emonf oli,f
av;wpfOD;ESifh oduRrf;zl;ygonf/ xdktcsdefwGif xdkuav;rSm ckepfESpf
om;t&G,fom&Sdao;\/ oluav;onf oHk;vwpfBudrf q&m0ef
xHoGm;NyD; ausm½dk;xJ aq;xdk;cH,l&ygonf/ wpfcgaomf q&m0efu
',f&J(vf) udk wjcm;uav;awGvdk ridkwm bmhaMumifhvJ? remvdkY
vm;[k ar;ygonf// ]tdkemwmayghvdkY} oluajzygonf/ aemufNyD;
qufajymonfrSm ]'gayr,fh q&m&,f q&mem;vnfatmif ajym&
&if aq;xdk;tyfu uRefawmhausm½dk;udk r0ifrD c&pfawmf&JU
vufudkjzwfNyD;rS vmwmrdkYyg [líjzpf\/ 0rf;omp&maumif;onf
rSm oif tcktcg c&pfawmfüwnfaeojzifh udk,fawmhftaeESifh oifh
toufwmtwGif;awGUMuHK&onfht&m tcuftcJ[lorQudk jynfhpHk
vHkavmufaom ajz&Sif;rIrsm;ESifh rpcJhygonf/ þonfrSm ,HkMunfrI
aMumifhjzpfygonf/
a,½Iudk ,HkMunfjcifESifh vufcHcJhovdk rdrdtoufwmtwGif;
&ifqdkif&onfht&m[lorQudkvnf; þenf;twdkif; ocifa,½Ic&pf
tay: ,HkMunfjcif;ESifh jynfhpHkvHkavmufonfh jznfhqnf;rI&ygonf/
wpfenf;qdkvQif vufOD;yxrvufcHxm;onfh ,HkMunfcsufuyif
qufvufNyD; &yfwnfcsufudk wHcg;zGifhay;vdkufygawmhonf/ xdkY
aMumifh oifwdkYonf ocifa,½Ic&pfudk cH,lNyD;onfjzpfí ...
xdkocifüusifvnfMuavm h (aum 2;6)/
oifhtaejzifh 'kwd,arG;jcif;udk&onfESifh bk&m;ocifu a,½I
\b0udk wkyEdkifrnf[k rajrmfvifhyg/ oef;aygif;rsm;pGmaom
c&pf,mefwdkYonf a,½Ib0udkwkzdkYBudK;pm;MuNyD; atmifjrifrI r&
onfudk rcsifhr&JjzpfMuygonf/ odkY&mwGif bk&m;ocifu c&pf,mef
toufwmtwGuf udk,fawmf\tHHhzG,faumif;onfh yHYydk;rIwpf&yf
taMumif;udk ajymonfrSm uREfkyfwdkYonf c&pfawmfxHü aocJhNyD;
ygNyD? c&pfawmfxHrSm aoonfhtwGuf ynwfw&m;ESifh ywfouf
aomvdktyfcsuf? owfrSwfcsufwdkYuvnf; uREkfyfwdkYtzdkY aysmufqHk;
oGm;cJhygNyD/ xdkYaMumifh? twdwfumvESifh tem*wfumvwGif rdrd
zmomBudK;pm;rIjzifh ynwfw&m;\vdktyfcsuf? owfrSwfcsufwdkYudk
&EdkifzdkYrvG,fawmhyg/ rSefygonf? uREfkyfwdkY0dnmOfa&;&mESifh ouf
qdkifonfh wpfoufwmzdkY arQmfvifhcsufvnf; ukefqHk;oGm;ygNyD/
odkYaomfvnf; bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmfyif? uREkfyfwdkYonf &Sifjyef
xajrmufawmfrlaomocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\bkef;awmfaMumifh
jynfhpHkvHkavmufonfh tumtuG,f&Sdaom touf&SifoefrIudk &&SdcJh
ygNyD/
uREkfwdkYtoufwmwGifBuHKawGU&wwfonfh vSnfhjzm;aoG;aqmif
rI? wGef;tm;ay;rIponfwdkYudk rdrdzmom udkifwG,fajz&Sif;EdkifzdkY cuf
ygonf/ vwfwavm ,HkMunfoljzpfvmolwpfa,muftaejzifh
'kwd,arG;jcif;&NyD;onfhtcg c&pf,meftoufwmudk avQmufvSrf;
EdkifzdkY wpfOD;wnf;wpfa,mufwnf; vG,frnfr[kwf/ þonfESifh
ywfoufNyD; ocifa,½I&pfawmf wdwdususowday;xm;onfrSm
...igESifhuGmvQif oifwdkYonf tb,ftrIudkrQrwwfEdkifMu (a,m
15;5)
pifppf rdrdzmomBudK;pm;rIESifhywfoufNyD; ½l;oGyfrIwpf&yfom
jzpfonf[k wrefawmfaygvku *vmwdjynf&Sd ,HkMunfolwdkYtm;
wHk;wdwdBuD; ajymcJhygonf/
bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfjzpfonfh ,HkMunfjcif;jzifhom c&pf
,meftoufwmudk avQmufvSrf;zdkYqdkonfrSm aoGznfjcif;udk jyifzdkY
aygvku þodkYykpämxkwfNyD;tajzudk&SmcJhapygonf/
160159
(81)
ynwfw&m;\tusifhtm;jzifh 0dnmOfawmfudk cH&Muo
avm/ odkYr[kwf ,HkMunfjcif;w&m;udk Mum;emjcif;tm;jzifh
cH&Muoavm[laom t&mwckudkom oifwdkYü igodvdk
\/ þrQavmufynmrJhMuoavm/ 0dnmOfawmfudktrSDjyK
í vkyfp&SdNyD;rS? ZmwdudktrSD jyKíNyD;apMuoavm/ (*vm
3;2-3)
trSefyif? olwdkYonf c&pfawmfü b0topfudk&&SdcJhygNyD? oifh
taejzifh ,HkMunfjcif;ESifh jyKvkyfcJhovdkyifjzpfonf/ olwdkYvnf;
xdkenf;wl ,HkMunfjcif;tay:rSDcdkorIjyKNyD; arQmfvifhrnfrSm ...
wa,mufaomolwnf;[laom a,½Ic&pftm;jzifh touf&Sifvsuf
omípdk;pH&vwHh (a&m 5;17)/
*vmwdjynfwGif bk&m;ocifudk ,HkMunfudk;pm;jcif;ae&mü rdrd
udk,fudk tm;udk;jcif;u tpm;xdk;vmonfrSm aMuuGJzG,fjzpfygonf/
odkYaomf oifhtaejzifh topf&&Sdaomociftay: rSDcdktm;xm;rnf
qdkvQif *vmwdjynfom;wdkY awGUBuHKaom tawGUtMuHKrsKd;udk awGU
BuHK&rnf r[kwfaomaMumifh bk&m;ocifudk aus;Zl;wifyg/
c&pfawmfonf igüwnf\c&pfawmfonf igüwnf\c&pfawmfonf igüwnf\c&pfawmfonf igüwnf\c&pfawmfonf igüwnf\
igonfc&pfawmfESifhtwlvuf0g;uyfwdkifrSm taocHNyD/
odkYaomfvnf; touf&Sifao;\/ xdkodkYqdkaomf igonf
udk,fwdkifr&Sif? c&pfawmfonf igü&Sifawmfrl\/
(*v 2;20)/
c&pfawmfonf oifwdkYtxJü &SdawmfrlvQif? udk,fum,
onf tjypfaMumifh taojzpfaomfvnf; 0dnmOfrlum;
ajzmifhrwfjcif;aMumifh touf&Sifvsuf&Sd\/ xdkrQru?
a,½Iudk aojcif;rSxajrmufapawmfrlaom bk&m;\
0dnmOfawmfonf oifwdk YtxJü usdef;0yfawmfrlvQif?
c&pfawmfudk aojcif;rSxajrmufapawmfrlaom bk&m;
onf oifwdkYtxJüusdef;0yfaom rdrd0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh?
aowwfaom oifwdkY\udk,fum,udkyif &Sifapawmfrl
rnf/ (a&m 8;10–11)
wyg;trsdK;om;wdkYwGif þeufeJaomt&mESifhqdkifaom
r[mpnf;pdrfum;? tb,frQavmufBuD;onfudk oefY&Sif;
aomolwdkYonf odapjcif;iSm? bk&m;ociftvdk&Sdawmfrl\/
xdkpnf;pdrfum;? bkef;toa&udk arQmfvifhjcif;taMumif;
wnf;[laom oifwdkYtxJü wnfawmfrlaomc&pfawmf
aywnf;/ (aum 1;27)
,HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifh c&pfawmfonfoifwdkY\pdwfESvHk;
txJü usdef;0yfawmfrlrnfhtaMumif; ...({ 3;17)
c&pfawmfusdef;0yfonfhtoufwmay: oiftm;xm; ,HkMunf
rIudk oifhtaejzifhazmfjy&ef?]]ocifa,½Iaus;Zl;BuD;vSygayw,f?
uREfkyfrwwfEdkifayr,fh udk,fawmf rwwfEdkifwmr&Sdygbl;? udk,fawmf
om uREfkyftxJü uREfkyfrSwpfqifh wnfawmfrlzdkY uREkfyfawmif;qdk
ygw,f}}/ pifppfc&pf,meftoufwmü tHHzG,faumif;onfrSm bk&m;
ocifu oifatmifjrifrI&zdkY c&pfawmfudkwm0efay;cJhjcif;jzpfygonf/
a,½Iuom oihftoufwmwGifawGUBuHK&rnffh ab;&eftEÅ&m,fudk
162161
(82)
z,f&Sm;Edkifovdk? atmifjrifrI&apzdkY BuD;Muyfaqmif&Gufay;Edkifrnfyif/
a,½Iryg0ifbJ oifonf ]"r®q&m}? ]w&m;a[mq&m}? ]omoemjyK
q&m} ponfjzpfEdkifygonf/ odkYaomfvnf; c&pfawmf oifhESvHk;om;
xJwGif wnfawmfrrlbJ c&pf,mefjzpfEdkifzdkY rvG,fyg/
a,½IwpfOD;wnf;om ppfrSefaomc&pf,meftoufwmudk &,l
Edkifygonf/ ,cktcgwGif udk,fawmfh0dnmOfonf xl;qef;tHhzG,f&m
aumif;avmufatmif oifhESvHk;om;xJwGif usdef;0yfawmf rlygonf/
udk,fawmfonf oifhESvHk;om;xJrSaeNyD; oiftaeESifh rvkyfaqmif
Edkifonfrsm;udk oifhtwGuf vkyfaqmifay;EdkifygNyD/ rdrdudk,frdrd
jzLpifapoltaeESifh udk,fusifhw&m;ysufonfh avmuwGif jzLpif
oljzpfovdk rdrdudk,frdrd t½IH;r&SdatmifBudK;pm;wwfoltzdkY jzm;
a,mif;vSnfhpm;onfh avmuxJwGif atmifjrifrIudk &&Sdoljzpfyg
w,f/ udk,fusKd;Munfholrsm;onfh avmuBuD;wGif arwåma&SUxm;
oltaeESifh cspfarwåm&&Sdrnfyif/ trSefyif jyefvnf &Sifoefonfh
b0 udk &onfrSm oifhc&pf,mefb0yg/
b0rSmudk,f hud k,fudk ES drf hcsNyD; ocifa,½ItwGuftusK d;
awmfaqmifjcif;jzifh udk,fawmfu aysmufaomolwdkYudk&Smí u,fwif
tHhaomiSm <uvmownf; (vk 19? 11) rSmazmfjyovdk oifuvnf;
udk,fawmfudk ,HkMunfjcif;jzifh udk,fawmfu oifrSwpfqifh aysmuf
aomolwdkYudk&SmNyD; u,fwifEdkifygNyD/ ,HkMunfolwdkYtaejzifh rdrdu
wqifh udk,fawmfu wjcm;olrsm;udk u,fwifEdkifNyDqdkonfudk jrif
awGUvmonfESifhtrQ toufwmonf trSefwu,fyif aysmf&TifzG,f
twdjzpfvmEdkifygawmhonf/
rSwfom;xm;&efrSm a,½I aumif;uifbHkodYkjyef<uoGm;aomf
vnf; udk,fawmfonf oifhxHrS cGJcGmroGm;onfrSm aocsmygonf/
udk,fawmfaumif;uifbHkodkY rwuf<urD wynfhawGudk þodkY rSmcJh
ygonf/
cPMumNyD;rS avmuDom;wdkYonf ighudkrjrif&Mu/ oifwdkYrl
um; jrif&Muvdrfhrnf/ igonf touf&SifaomaMumifh
oifwdkYonfvnf; touf&Sif&Muvdrfhrnf/ igonf crnf;
awmfü&Sdonfudk¤if;? oifwdkYonf igü&Sdonfudk¤if;?
xdkaeYü oifwdkYonf od&Muvdrfhrnf(a,m 14;19-20)/
oiftaeESifh ]]uREfkyfwdkYudkc&pfawmfrSwqifh bk&m;ocifay;wJh
tultnDtaxmuftr[m b0twGufwu,fyJ toHk;usygh
rvm;}}[k ar;cGef;xkwfEdkifygonf/ þar;cGef;onf wu,faumif;
onfhar;cGef;jzpfygonf/ þonfu rnfonfudk azmfjyoenf;qdk
vQif pdwfxJESvHk;xJu ,HkMunfrIESifh rdrd\,HkMunfrIudk prf;oyfonfh
oabmwdkY\eufeJonfh uGm[csufwdkYjzpfygonf/ þar;cGef;u
oifawmifhwonfh vufawGUvkyfaqmifEdkifrnfh ,HkMunfcsufay:wGif
rlwnfygonf/ ½dk;½dk;pif;pif;tajzrSm c&pfawmf\b0atmifjrifrI
udk ,HkMunfolwdkYtaeESifh]aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;}jzifh cHpm;azmfjy&ef
jzpfygonf/ ppfrSefonfh,HkMunfrI\ xm0&wHkYjyefcsufrSm ]]udk,fawmf
udk aus;Zl;wifygw,f}}jzpfav\/
Oyrmjy&vQif rdrd\tjypfrsm;udkaq;aMumay;rItwGuf
c&pfawmfudk ,HkMunfNyD; taumif;qHk;rSm aus;Zl;awmf csD;rGrf;jcif;yif
jzpfygonf/ oiftvdk&Sdonfht&m tvdk&SdonfhtcgwGif twdtus
jzpfaponfh udk,fawmf\jznfhpGrf;rIudkvnf; aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;
jyKEdkifygonf/ ,HkMunfjcif;r&SdvQif? bk&m;ocif\ pdwfawmfESifhrawGU
164164
(83)
Edkif (a[jAJ 11;6)/ oifhtaeESifh bk&m;ocif\pdwfawmfESifh awGUEdkif
zdkY vdkvm;ygu t&m&mudk jznfhqnf;EdkifpGrf;&Sdaom ocifa,½Iudk
oifhb0toufwmwGif ,HkMunfrItjynfhESifhtpOfojzifh aus;Zl;wif
&SdzdkYvdkygonf/
c&pf,meftrsm;pkonf olwdkY\a,½Ic&pfawmftay: opöm&Sd
rIaMumifh zdESdyfcsKyfcs,fcHae&pOf ayw½ku pmjzifha&;om;NyD; tav;
teufawmif;qdkvdkufonfrSm ...oifwdkYonfaumif;aomw&m;
udk usifhaomoljzpfvQif «oD;oefYxm;apjcif;? bkef;yGifhapjcif;? ESvHk;
om;twGif; tpOfojzifh bk&m;udkwnfapjcif;» pdwfESvHk;xJü xm0&
t&Sifbk&m;ocifudk ...(1ay 3;13-15)/ þor®musrf;pmt&
bk&m;ocifu trsm;odaeMuonfh vQKdU0Sufcsufjzpfaom rdrd\
,HkMunfcsufaMumifh zdESdyfcsKyfcs,fjcif;cH&vQif rnfodkYjyKrl aqmif&Guf
&rnfudk rdefYqdkxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ oifhtoufwmwGif a,½Ionf
udk,fawmfocifjzpfygap/
"r®a[mif;usrf;wGif bk&m;ociftm; ]t'dkEd kif;}(Adonai)
trnfjzifhac:onfudk oifrSwfrdygvdrfhrnf/ t'dkEdkif;qdkonfrSm
uREfkyf\t&Sifocif[k t"dyÜm,f&ygonf/ onfrSwf,lcsufjzifhyif
ayx½ku ,HkMunfolwdkYtm; ajymqdkqHk;r&mwGif? pdwfESvHk;xJü xm0&
t&Sifbk&m;ocifudk ½dkaojcif;&SdMuavmh[k ajymqdkjcif;jzpfygonf/
ocifa,½konf oifhtoufwmwGif t&Sifocifjzpfygu
udk,fawmfESifh xm0&rdwfo[m,jzpf&jcif;udk cHpm;&ygvdrfhrnf/
odkYrSom oifhtaejzifh toufwm\aeYpOfBuHK&rnfh vdktyfcsufrsm;?
tcGifhta&;ersm;twGuf udk,fawmfhtay: taESmiftzGJUr&Sd? ppfrSef
onfh ,HkMunfudk;pm;csuf&Sdvmrnf/ a*smhruf(o)qif a&;pyfoDuHk;
onfh "r®aw;wGif þodkYawGU&ygonf/
uREkfyfudk tusOf;csxm;ygbk&m;?
'Dtcg uREkfyfvGwfajrmufoljzpfygr,f/
uREkfyfudkifpGJxm;wJh"m;vufeufudkpGefYvTwfapyg
'DtcguREkfyfatmifjrifoljzpfygvdrfhr,f/
vGwfvyfrIESifhywfoufNyD; a&yef;pm;aeaomt,ltqwpfck
\uGJvGJcsufrSm ppfrSefonfh vGwfvyfrIqdkonfrSm rdrdvkyfvdkonf
udk vkyfEdkifjcif; r[kwf? vkyfoifhwmudk vkyfEdkifwmomjzpfygonf/
wrefawmfaygvku þodkYajymxm;ygonf/ighudkcGeftm;ESifhjynfhpHkap
awmfrlaom c&pfawmftm;jzifh cyfodrf;aomtrIwdkYudk igwwfpGrf;
Edkif\ (zd 4;13)/
ajrmufydkif;tdkif,mvefjynfü vGefcJhaom(1859)ckESpf twGif;
c&pfawmftay:pdwf0ifpm;rI wdk;wufvmapwJhvIyf&Sm;rIaMumifh
axmifaygif;rsm;pGmaomvllwdkYonf c&pfawmfa&SUodkY a&muf&SdvmMu
ygonf/ ajymif;vJvmolwdkY rdrdudk,fa&;udk,fwmudpöudk zGifh[ajymqdk
Mu½Hkru av;eufwnfMunfpGm c&pfawmftay:vufcHrIudk "r®aw;
]Committment of Faith} udk oDqdkíuwdu0wfjyKMuygonf/
xdktcsdeftcgu? vltrsm;pkonf &Sifjyefxajrmufawmfrlaom bk&m;
ocif\aus;Zl;awmfaMumifh b0opfudk&jcif; tawGUtMuHKrSwqifh
wdkif;jynfwpf0ef; tusifhpm&dwåESifhywfoufíodomaom ajymif;vJ
rI&&SdcJhygonf/
azmfjyygpmwef;udk vufrSwfxdk;jcif;jzifh csD;usL;xdkufaom
*kPf&rnf[k rqdkvdkyg/ odkY&mwGif þtcsdeftcgü oif\bk&m;ocif
tay:xm;&Sdaomoabmxm;udktwnfjyK oufaocH&m a&mufyg
vdrfhrnf/
166165
(84)
xm0&y#dnmOfw&m;\ taoG;awmftm;jzifh? odk;rsm;udk
xdef;aomodk;xdef;BuD;jzpfaom igwdkYocifa,½Iudk aojcif;
rSEIwfaqmifawmfrlaom? Nidrfoufjcif;\t&Sifbk&m;ocif
onf? rdrdESpfoufawmfrlaom trlt&mudka,½Ic&pftm;
jzifh oifwdkYü jyKawmfrlí? oifwdkYonf tvdkawmfodkYvdkuf
rnfhtaMumif;? aumif;aomtusifhtrsKd;rsKd;ü oifwdkYudk
jyKjyifawmfrlygapaom/ xdkocifa,½Ic&pfonf urÇm
tqufqufbkef;BuD;awmfrlapownf;/ tmrif/
(a[jAJ 13;20-21)
uREkfyf\,HkMunfcsufukd oufaocHjcif;
uREk fyfonf tbbk&m;ociftm; uREk fyf\bk&m;tjzpfcH,lygrnf/uREk fyfonf tbbk&m;ociftm; uREk fyf\bk&m;tjzpfcH,lygrnf/uREk fyfonf tbbk&m;ociftm; uREk fyf\bk&m;tjzpfcH,lygrnf/uREk fyfonf tbbk&m;ociftm; uREk fyf\bk&m;tjzpfcH,lygrnf/uREk fyfonf tbbk&m;ociftm; uREk fyf\bk&m;tjzpfcH,lygrnf/toufESifhjynfhpHkvsufrSefawmfrlaombk&m;ociftrIawmfudk
oifwdkYonfaqmifjcif;iSm¤if; ...½kyfwkqif;wkwdkYudkypfy,fí..
(1ouf 1;9–10)
uREk fyfonf a,½Ic&pfawmftm; uREk fyf\ u,fwif&SifociftjzpfuREk fyfonf a,½Ic&pfawmftm; uREk fyf\ u,fwif&SifociftjzpfuREk fyfonf a,½Ic&pfawmftm; uREk fyf\ u,fwif&SifociftjzpfuREk fyfonf a,½Ic&pfawmftm; uREk fyf\ u,fwif&SifociftjzpfuREk fyfonf a,½Ic&pfawmftm; uREk fyf\ u,fwif&SifociftjzpfcH,lygrnf/cH,lygrnf/cH,lygrnf/cH,lygrnf/cH,lygrnf/
aemifww&m;ESifh tjypfvTwfjcif;tcGifhudkay;apjcif;iSm?
xdkoludktpdk;&aom t&Sift&mü¤if;? u,fwifaom ocift&mü¤if;?
bk&m;ocifcefYxm;í rdrdvusfmvufawmfESifh csD;jr§ifhawmfrlNyD/
(wrefawmf0w¬K 5;31)
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfudkcH,ljcif;jzif h bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmonfoefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfudkcH,ljcif;jzif h bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmonfoefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfudkcH,ljcif;jzif h bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmonfoefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfudkcH,ljcif;jzif h bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmonfoefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfudkcH,ljcif;jzif h bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmonfuREk fy ftay:oufa&mufapygrnf/uREk fy ftay:oufa&mufapygrnf/uREk fy ftay:oufa&mufapygrnf/uREk fy ftay:oufa&mufapygrnf/uREk fy ftay:oufa&mufapygrnf/
tb,faMumifhenf;[lrlum;? igwdkYtm;ay;awmfrlaom
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf bk&m;ocif\arwåmawmfudk
igwdkYpdwfESvHk;xJodkYñTef;avmif;awmfrl\/
(a&mrMo0g 5;5)
168167
(85)
bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfonfbk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfonfbk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfonfbk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfonfbk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfonfuREk fy ftwGufpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;jzpfapygrnf/uREk fy ftwGufpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;jzpfapygrnf/uREk fy ftwGufpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;jzpfapygrnf/uREk fy ftwGufpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;jzpfapygrnf/uREk fy ftwGufpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;jzpfapygrnf/
xdkusrf;pm&SdorQonfbk&m;ocifrIwfoGif;awmfrlaomtm;jzifhjzpfí?
bk&m;ocif\vlonf pHkvifaomol? aumif;aomtrItrsKd;rsKd;wdkYudk
jyKpkjcif;tvdkYiSmjyifqifaomoljzpfrnfhtaMumif;?
Mo0g'ay;jcif;?tjypfudkabmfjyjcif;? ajzmifhrwfpGmjyKjyifjcif;?
w&m;udkoGefoifjcif;aus;Zl;rsm;udkjyKwwf\/
(wdarmaoMo0g'pm'kwd,apmif 3;16–17)
bk&m;ocif\vltaygif;wdk Ytm;uREk fyf\vlrsm;[k cH,lrnf/bk&m;ocif\vltaygif;wdk Ytm;uREk fyf\vlrsm;[k cH,lrnf/bk&m;ocif\vltaygif;wdk Ytm;uREk fyf\vlrsm;[k cH,lrnf/bk&m;ocif\vltaygif;wdk Ytm;uREk fyf\vlrsm;[k cH,lrnf/bk&m;ocif\vltaygif;wdk Ytm;uREk fyf\vlrsm;[k cH,lrnf/udk,fawmhtrsdK;onf uRefr trsdK;? udk,fawmhbk&m;onf
uRefrbk&m;jzpfygap/
(½ko0w¬K 1;16)
uREk fyfudk uREk fyf ocifbk&m;twGuf tyfES Hxm;onf/uREk fyfudk uREk fyf ocifbk&m;twGuf tyfES Hxm;onf/uREk fyfudk uREk fyf ocifbk&m;twGuf tyfES Hxm;onf/uREk fyfudk uREk fyf ocifbk&m;twGuf tyfES Hxm;onf/uREk fyfudk uREk fyf ocifbk&m;twGuf tyfES Hxm;onf/igwdkYwGif tb,folrQudk,ftbdkYtvdkiSm toufr&Sif/
tb,folrQudk,ftbdkY tvdkiSmrao/ touf&SifvQif?
ocifbk&m;tbdkYtvdkiSm &Sif\/ aovQifvnf;? ocifbk&m;tbdkY
tvdkiSmao\/ xdkaMumifh touf&Sifonfjzpfap? aoonf jzpfap?
ocifbk&m; qdkifawmfrl\/
(a&mrMo0g' 14;7–8)
aemuf? uREk fyf wrif&nf&G,fNyD; jyKvkyfygonf/aemuf? uREk fyf wrif&nf&G,fNyD; jyKvkyfygonf/aemuf? uREk fyf wrif&nf&G,fNyD; jyKvkyfygonf/aemuf? uREk fyf wrif&nf&G,fNyD; jyKvkyfygonf/aemuf? uREk fyf wrif&nf&G,fNyD; jyKvkyfygonf/tb,fodkYaom bk&m;wdkYtm;0wfjyKrnf t&mudk ,aeYa&G;Muavmh/
igESifhightdrfom;jzpfvQif xm0&bk&m;udkom 0wfjyKrnf/
(a,m½IrSwfpm 24? 15)
aemuf? uREk fyf\trSef&S daompdwfqE´aemuf? uREk fyf\trSef&S daompdwfqE´aemuf? uREk fyf\trSef&S daompdwfqE´aemuf? uREk fyf\trSef&S daompdwfqE´aemuf? uREk fyf\trSef&S daompdwfqE´bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmfudktrSDjyKí vspfvsLaompdwfESifh¤if;?
bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&Sdaom MunfjzLjcif;ESifh¤if;?
igwdkYonfþavmuüusifhMuHjyKrlíoifwdkYqDrSmvnf;xdkodkYtxl;ojzifh
usifhMuHjyKrlonf[k udk,fudkudk,f odaompdwfonfoufaocHownf;/
(aum&dEÅKMo0g'pm'kwd,pmapmif 1;12)
aemuf? vGwfvGwfvyfvyfaemuf? vGwfvGwfvyfvyfaemuf? vGwfvGwfvyfvyfaemuf? vGwfvGwfvyfvyfaemuf? vGwfvGwfvyfvyfwefcdk;awmfjyaomaeY&ufumvü? udk,fawmf\vlwdkYonf
oefY&Sif;aomwefqmudkqifvsuf? MunfndKaom pdwfapwem&Sdí...
(qmvHusrf; 110;3)
aemuf tjrJrjywfaemuf tjrJrjywfaemuf tjrJrjywfaemuf tjrJrjywfaemuf tjrJrjywfc&pfawmf\cspfjcif;arwåmESifh igwdkYudk tb,foluGmaprnfenf;/-
tu,fpifppf udk,fawmftwGuf tuREfkyfwdkYonf tpOfrjywf
taoowfjcif;udk cH&Muyg\/ owfbdkY&m xm;aomodk;i,fuJhodkY
tuREkfyfwdkYudk olwyg;rSwfwwfMuyg\[k usrf;pmvmonfESifhtnD?
qif;&JNidKjiifjcif;? n§if;qJESdyfpufjcif;? rGwfodyfjcif;? t0wf
tcsnf;pnf;&Sdjcif;? ab;ESifhawGUMuHK&jcif;?
uGyfrsufjcif;udkcH&aomfvnf;? xdktrIwdkYwGif tb,ftrIwdkYonf
c&pfawmfudkcspfjcif;arwåmawmfESifhigwdkYudkuGmaprnfenf;/
(a&mrMo0g'pm 8;35)
xdk;jrJvufrSwf ...................................................aeYpGJ ...............................................................
170169