Your Blood & Respiratory System. I. Components of Blood A. You have about 4-6 liters of blood in...
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Transcript of Your Blood & Respiratory System. I. Components of Blood A. You have about 4-6 liters of blood in...
![Page 1: Your Blood & Respiratory System. I. Components of Blood A. You have about 4-6 liters of blood in your body, 45% consists of blood cells while the other.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5a4d1b1b7f8b9ab059993696/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Your Blood & Respiratory System
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I. Components of Blood A. You have about 4-6 liters of blood in your
body, 45% consists of blood cells while the other 55% is a fluid called plasma.
![Page 3: Your Blood & Respiratory System. I. Components of Blood A. You have about 4-6 liters of blood in your body, 45% consists of blood cells while the other.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062600/5a4d1b1b7f8b9ab059993696/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
II. Blood Cells A. There are 3 cellular components of blood
including: 1. Red Blood Cells – transport oxygen and get
their color from hemoglobin (helps collect oxygen)
2. White Blood Cells (leukocytes)– guard against infection, fight parasites, & attack bacteria
3. Platelets – enable the body to clot with the help of plasma proteins a. Cluster at the edges of broken blood vessels
produce a sticky mesh of filaments
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III. Plasma A. Plasma is a straw-colored fluid that is mostly
water and dissolved gases, salts, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, waste products, & proteins.
B. Plasma proteins perform a variety of functions including: 1. Transport substances such as fatty acids, hormones, &
vitamins 2. Regulate osmotic pressure & blood volume 3. Fight viral & bacterial infections
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IV. Lymphatic system A. A series of vessels, nodes,
& organs collects fluid that leak from the circulatory system and returns it back. 1. The fluid is called lymph
a. Also important when it comes to absorption
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V. Respiration A. Cellular level – release of ATP from the
breakdown of food in the presence of oxygen
B. Organism level – process of gas exchange
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VI. Human Respiratory System A. Main function: to bring about the exchange of
oxygen & carbon dioxide between blood, the air, & tissues
B. The system consists of : 1. Nose 2. Pharynx 3. Trachea 4. Larynx 5. Bronchi 6. Lungs
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1. Nose – air moves through the nose 2. Pharynx – passageway for both air & food 3. Trachea – windpipe (epiglottis flap closes when
you swallow)
Above all contain hairs & cells that produce mucus
4. Larynx – top of the trachea contains the 2 vibrating elastic tissue folds
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5. Bronchi – 2 large passageways in the chest cavity leading to one lung a. Each bronchus subdivides into smaller bronchi
(bronchioles), full of tiny air sacs called alveoli (capillaries surround them)
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VII. Breathing A. The force driving pour breathing
is simply air pressure B. Our lungs are sealed in 2 sacs in
the chest cavity below this is a muscle known as the diaphragm. 1. When you inhale the diaphragm
contracts, increasing the chest cavity & creating a pressure gradient
C. The medulla oblongata controls your breathing, receiving a signal from cells when the level of carbon dioxide rises
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IIX. Tobacco & the Respiratory System A. Substances in tobacco that is harmful for
you respiratory system includes: nicotine, carbon monoxide, & tar
1. Nicotine – stimulant that increases heart rate & blood pressure
2. Carbon monoxide – decreases hemoglobin transport of oxygen & paralyze the cilia
3. Tar – contains compounds that have been shown to cause cancer
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IX. Diseases Association with Tobacco A. Smoking can cause chronic bronchitis,
emphysema, & lung cancer as well as other heart conditions 1. Chronic Bronchitis – bronchi swell & are clogged
with mucus 2. Emphysema – loss elasticity of the lungs,
breathing is very difficult 3. Lung cancer – cancer cells can spread
throughout the body (160,00 0 ppl diagnosed each year)