Young Japanese People’s Construction of Relationships in Mobile Phone Communication Young Japanese...

Young Japanese People’s Young Japanese People’s Construction of Relationships Construction of Relationships in Mobile Phone in Mobile Phone CommunicationCommunication-an analysis based on empathy, emotion and context-

Kazuko Miyake(Toyo University, Tokyo)

11th EAJS in Vienna Kazuko Miyake, Toyo University 2

ContentsContents

1. Language in the Media

2. Japanese Youth Today 3. Linguistic Patterns of the Mobile Phone

Messaging

4. Conclusion


Language in the Media(1)Language in the Media(1)

We are communicating through media…

Telephone Radio Fax TV Mobile phone Newspaper E-mail Magazine Internet



Boundaries are Blurring…

Mass vs. Personal Written Spoken Face to Face Mediated

* Internet communication =Hybride(Chrystal 2001)



Mobile Phone Messaging (MPM) is

internet connection rate:

Japan(94.1%), and South Korea(89.0%) = CMC( computer mediated communication)

Others(3rd USA,33.5%, 4th Austria, 28.2%) =SMS( short messaging service)

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications 2005.



Mobile Phone = a ‘Must’

Male: 96.9% in 20’s Female: 95.7% in 20’s

Nomura Sogo Kenkyujo 2003. Joho tsushin riyosha doko no chosa.


Japanese Youth Today(1)Japanese Youth Today(1)

若者論　 Wakamono-ron 1970 – 2005　　　　　　　 interpersonal relationship

　　 - Diluted Relationship ( 関係希薄化論 )- Selective Relationship ( 選択的関係論 ) - Pluralistic Relationship ( 多元的関係論 )

Miyake 2005. Keitai denwa to wakamono no taijin kankei.


Japanese Youth Today(2)Japanese Youth Today(2)

MPM creates...Intimacy

Carried and used by the owner onlyCarried and used very close to the body

with Distance

One-way communication with time lag Non spontaneous communication with revisability

Miyake 2005. Keitai denwa to wakamono no taijin kankei.


Linguistic Patterns of MPMLinguistic Patterns of MPM

F1 08:10　おはぁ　　　　もしくみこたちが無理でもお昼一緒　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　に食べない ??

F2 08:12　そぉね　　昨日の続きをゆっくり聞こうぢゃないの

F1 08:14 ありがとぅ　今メールがきてさぁ…マジ泣きたくなって

きたぁ　　１限とかやる気なくなるよぉ F2 08:17　末期だゎ思い詰めすぎちゃダメょ後でね～ ”


Transcription & TranslationTranscription & Translation

A1 08:10 ohâ 　　　　 moshi kumiko-tachi ga muri demo ohiru isshoni 　　　　　　　　　 tabenai ??　　　　　　　 [morning 　　　　 shall we have lunch together even if kumiko 　　

　　　　　　　　　 and the others can’t make it ??]

B2 08:12 　 Sône 　　 kinô no tsuzuki o kikô ja naino　　　　　　　 [good idea 　　 how about telling me the rest of what happened 　　

　　　　　　　　　 yesterday]

A3 08:14 　 arigatô 　　 ima mêru ga kitesâ…maji nakitakunattekitâ 　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　 1gen toka yaruki nakunaruyô. 　　　　　　　 [thanks 　　 i’ve got another message just now… i feel like 　　　　　　　 crying, seriously 　　　　 i don‘t feel like i have enough energy for 　

　　　　　　　　 a 1st period class or anything]

B4 08:17 makki dawa 　　　 omoi tsumecha dameyo 　　　　 atodene ～　　”　　　　　 [You’re terminal 　　 don’t take it too seriously 　　　　 see you later ～　　” ]


Conversational Strategies(1)Conversational Strategies(1)

To elicit responses & express 　 involvement ：

Final Particles: よ、ね、の Ellipsis: structual particle が　 and others Interrogatives 　疑問形 Exclamation marks 　　感嘆符‘！’ Slang, Youth language 　パクッたよ　マジむか

つく　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　


Conversational Strategies(2)

To create conversational effects ：

Onomatopoeia: パンパンにしてやる False starts: そ、それが　　ま、まさか･･･ Dialectal expression: そら、困るで～ Archaic language & Baby talk: ～ござる　～しま

ひゅ Coined expression: 　かなり可です　　　　　　　　　　　　　


① おはぁ　→ おはあ → おはよう　 ‘Ohâ’ 　　‘ Ohâ’ 　　　　 ‘ Ohayô’

　　 good morning

② 末期だゎ　→　末期だわ　　　　　‘ makki dawa’ ‘makki dawa’

　　 at a terminal stage

Non-standard Orthography(1)Non-standard Orthography(1)


Non-standard Orthography(2)Non-standard Orthography(2)

① 聞こうぢゃないの　→　聞こうじゃないの　　　

　　 Kikôja 　 naino’ 　　　　　‘ Kikôja 　 naino’

　　 tell me about…

② そぉね →　そおね　→　そうね　　 ‘Sône’ 　　 ‘ Sône’ 　　　 ‘ Sône’

　　 good idea


Roles and functions of graphic signs(1)Roles and functions of graphic signs(1)

そっちは何時まで？ What time does your (class) finish？

飲み会、どうだった？ How was the (beer) drinking party？



それじゃぁいまから寝るね I’m going to bed, now

かわいそうにぃ‥ I feel really sorry for you



よろしくぅ Thank you

ところであしたの放課後ヒマ～？ By the way Are you free tomorrow

afternoon？


Graphic SignsGraphic Signs

１ . Pictorial Signs:

２ . Emoticons: (> _<) (^^) m(_ _)m

3. Symbols: ★　◎　♪ 　　


Frequency Distribution of Frequency Distribution of Pictorial SignsPictorial Signs

Pictorial Signs

30

155

3619

102

020406080

100120140160180


Frequency Distribution of Frequency Distribution of EmoticonsEmoticons

Emoticons

18

196

21

0

50

100

150

200

250

Body Movement Expressing Emotion CorrespondingEmotion


Frequency Distribution of Frequency Distribution of SymbolsSymbols

Symbols

2 3

113

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Body Movement ProsodyCompensation

Indistinct


Gyarumoji: Distorted LettersGyarumoji: Distorted Letters

　ありがとうEasy: ぁりか〃とぅ

A little difficult: ぁりヵゞ `⊂ぅ

Difficult: ぁﾚ )ヵゞ `⊂ぅ


ConcludionConcludion ：： Empathy, Emotion and ContextEmpathy, Emotion and Context

-Intimacy and distance

-Meaning: Not clear, blurred & diluted

-Context over Content


ReferencesReferences

Crystal, David 2001. Language and the Internet. Cambridge University Press.

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications 2005. White paper: Infromation and Communications in Japan, Year 2004

Miyake, Kazuko 2000. Kêtai no gengo kôdô, higengo kôdô.[Linguistic and non-linguistic behaviours with mobile phones] Nihongogaku, 19-.12: 6-17

Miyake, Kazuko 2005. Keitai denwa to wakamono no taijin kankei.[Mobile phone and relationship managements of the young generation.] in Yoshiaki Hashimoto(ed.) Kôza shakai gengo kagaku 2, Media.[Series Sociolinguistic Sciences, 2. Media], 136-155. Hituzi shobo

Nomura sôgô kenkyûjo 2003 jôhô tsûshin riyôsha no dôkô. [Cyber Life Observations], 13.

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