YINTR21201 Power Electronics for E-Mobility 2021 - Sample
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From Technologies to Markets © 2021 Power Electronics for E-Mobility 2021 Sample Market and Technology Report 2021
Transcript of YINTR21201 Power Electronics for E-Mobility 2021 - Sample
From Technologies to Markets
© 2021
Power Electronics for E-Mobility 2021
Sample
Market and Technology
Report 2021
2
• Glossary 2
• EV/HEV classification and terms used in this report 3
• Table of contents 4
• Report objectives 9
• Report scope 10
• Report methodology and definitions 11
• About the authors 12
• Companies cited in this report 13
• What we got right, what we got wrong 14
• Who should be interested by this report 15
• Executive Summary 16
• Context 41
o Mega trends
o xEv
• Market forecasts 49
o xEV volumes
o Converter market
o Main inverter market
o Powe device market
• Market trends
o xEV market drivers
o COVID impact
o Incentives, regulations worldwide
TABLE OF CONTENTS (I/II)
o xEV trends
o xEV trends, drivers and impacts
o OEM electrification targets
o Well to wheel concept
o FCEV
o Yole’s view in future electrification
o E-Bus/E-Truck trends
o General trends
o E-bus deployment worldwide
o E-truck deployment overview
o E-truck electrification plans from OEM
o Fuel cell truck electrification plans from OEM
o H2 investments
o ICE cars
o Supply chain analysis
o Main xEV OEMs
o Overview worldwide xEV OEMs
o Top BEV manufacturers in 2020
o Top PHEV manufacturers in 2020
o Overview worldwide E-bus/E-truck OEMs
o Investments
o Manufacturing sites
o BEV development timeline
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o Supply chain analysis (continues…)
o Who is involved in xEV power electronics?
o xEV ecosystem
o Tier1s
o Semiconductor manufacturers
o Packaging players
o 48V players
o 800V players
o Who supplies to whom
o By region, and by converter (Main inverter, DC//DC converter and
OBC)
o xEV supply chain robustness
o Multisourcing
o Shortages
o Business evolution
o OEMs
o Tier1s
o Module and chip manufacturers
o Mergers and acquisitions
o Focus on China
o Focus on Korea
TABLE OF CONTENTS (II/II)
• Technology trends
o Electrification
o FCEV
o Charging Infrastructure
o Battery
o Overview
o 48V
o 800V
o Battery safety
o Integration
o Modular platforms
o Downsizing and higher system integration
o Power devices for EV
o WBG
o SiC
o GaN
o Power packaging
• Outlooks
• Yole Group presentation
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GLOSSARIES
AC: Alternative Current
AMB: Active Metal Brazing
ASP: Average Selling Price
BMS: Battery Management System
BEV: Battery Electric Vehicle
CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate
CoO: Cost of Ownership
CTE: Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
DBC: Direct Bonded Copper (=DCB)
DC: Direct Current
EREV: Electric Range-Extender Vehicle
e- : electric (e-bus: electric bus, e-mobility: electric mobility…)
EV: Electric Vehicle
FCV: Fuel-Cell Electric Vehicle
FECV: Fuel-Cell Electric Vehicle
FS: Field Stop
GaN: Gallium Nitride
HEV: Hybrid Electric Vehicle
IC: Integrated Circuit
ICE: Internal Combustion Engine (thermal motor)
IGBT: Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
IMB: Insulated Metal Baseplate
LIB: (Li-Ion Battery): Lithium-ion Battery
LV-HV: Low Voltage – High Voltage
MOSFET: Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
NEDC: New European Driving Cycle
NEV: New Energy Vehicle (includes PHEV, BEV and FCEV)
OEM: Original Equipment Manufacturer
PCU: Power Control Unit
PHEV: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Si: Silicon
SiC: Silicon Carbide
Solid-state battery: Battery with electrolyte in solid-state phase
Tj: Junction Temperature
V2G: Vehicle to Home
V2H: Vehicle to Grid
V2L: Vehicle to Load
WBG: Wide Band-Gap materials
WLTP: Worldwide Harmonized Light Duty Vehicles Test Procedure
xEV: Any type of electric vehicle (including MHEV, HEV, PHEV, BEV, FCEV)
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• Mild-hybrid Electric Vehicle (MHEV)
• ICE (Internal Combustion Engine, or thermal motor)
and electric motor
• Electric motor, typically with power of 10-20 kW,
assists the ICE motor
• 48V (mild-hybrid) vehicles with 48V (low voltage)
battery are included here.
• Full Hybrid Electric Vehicle (Full HEV, strong HEV)
• ICE and electric motor
• Electric motor powered by high voltage battery
able to deliver high power for electric motor
with the power range typically within 70 – 170
kW
• Battery cannot be charged from the grid. The
relatively low energy capacity of the HEV battery
(about 2-5 kWh) enables limited driving range in
e-mode (a few km)
• Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV):
• ICE and electric motor (as full HEV)
• Differing from HEV, battery in PHEV can be charged
from the grid. So a PHEV contains also an onboard
charger and charging plug. The battery capacity is
larger than full HEV, typically about 9 kWh.
• In the case of bi-directional charger in a FCEV car, the
car can be used as a source of electricity in V2G and
V2H applications.
xEV CLASSIFICATION AND TERMS USED IN THIS REPORT
• Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV)
• A battery electric vehicle that includes an auxiliary power unit (APU) known as a “range
extender”. This small electrical power generator is typically a combustion engine (ICE), but
fuel cell can also be used. This electric generator charges a battery which supplies
the vehicle’s electric motor with electricity. This arrangement is known as a series hybrid
drivetrain. The range extender is not intended for daily use. It’s for situations when the
driver needs to extend the range of the vehicle to reach the next charging station.
• Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV), sometimes also called Full Electric Vehicle
• Electric motor only (no ICE motor)
• High-power, high energy capacity battery (typically 30kWh -100kWh) can be charged from
the grid.
• In the case of bi-directional charger in a FCEV car, the car can be used as a source of
electricity in V2G and V2H applications.
• Fuel-cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV, sometimes the terms FCV or hydrogen vehicle are also
used)
• Electric motor only (no ICE motor)
• Often called hydrogen car or hydrogen powered car, but it is actually an electric car, in
which the electricity is produced from hydrogen by the means of a fuel-cell stack.
• FCEVs contain a battery (or supercapacitor stack) to enable some functions such as braking
energy recovery, etc.
• The battery is a high voltage battery with typically a low energy capacity (a few kWh).
• Some FCEVs can be designed with a larger battery (about 10kWh, which can be charged
from the grid – similar to a PHEV. This enables cleaner driving (supposing that electricity for
charging is generated by clean renewable energy sources, like photovoltaics or wind) and
lower dependence on availability of hydrogen fuel. In the case of bi-directional charger in a
FCEV car, the car can be used as a source of electricity in V2G and V2H applications.
• New Energy Vehicle (NEV) – a term used by the Chinese government, which includes
PHEV, BEV and FCEV
H2
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• The electric vehicle (xEV) market is growing very fast, thanks to the push from many governments to go towards carbonneutrality by 2050.
• The electric vehicle adoption is key for the CO2 reduction
• OEMS, Tier 1 and power semiconductor businesses are changing and evolving with the EV growth, so in this report weintend to give insight on this business evolution.
• In the report, we add some of the many movements in the supply chain, M&As, investments, etc. that show how dynamic is being xEVmarket around the world.
• Power electronics is a key component for the electrification of a vehicle along the battery. Their choice is crucial to givedifferentiation to a car, with a variety of power and driving ranges.
• Different integration levels can be pursued
• Different type of converters are required, with different power levels
• The packaging plays a big role in the converter performances
• Different technologies can be used
WHY THIS REPORT?
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SCOPE OF THE REPORT (I/II)
Market – Technology – Supply chain
The report provides an in-depth analysis of the xEVapplications, power systems and devices, as well as technology trends and supply chain analysis.
Application
MHEV
HEV
PHEV
BEV
FCEV
System
Main inverter& generator
Boost converter
DC-DC converter
Onboard charger
Packaging type
Discrete
Power modules
Power device
Si MOSFET
Si IGBT
Si BJT
SiC MOSFET
GaN HEMT
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METHODOLOGIES & DEFINITIONS
Market
Volume (in Munits)
ASP (in $)
Revenue (in $M)
Yole’s market forecast model is based on the matching of several sources:
Information
Aggregation
Preexisting
information
Yole internal databasefrom Jan 2021
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Dr. Ana Villamor
Ana Villamor, PhD serves as a Technology & Market Analyst, Power Electronics & Compound Semiconductors within the Power & Wirelessdivision at Yole Développement (Yole). She is involved in many custom studies and reports focused on emerging power electronicstechnologies at Yole Développement, including device technology and reliability analysis (MOSFET, IGBT, HEMT, etc). In addition, Ana isleading the quarterly power management market updates released in 2017. Previously Ana was involved in a high-added value collaborationrelated to SJ Power MOSFETs, within the CNM research center for the leading power electronic company ON Semiconductor. During thispartnership and after two years as Silicon Development Engineer, she acquired a relevant technical expertise and a deep knowledge of thepower electronic industry. Ana is author and co-author of several papers as well as a patent. She holds an Electronics Engineering degreecompleted by a Master and PhD. in micro and nano electronics from Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (SP).
Email: [email protected]
Dr. Milan Rosina
Milan Rosina, PhD, is Principal Analyst, Power Electronics and Batteries, at Yole Développement (Yole), within the Power & Wireless division.He is engaged in the development of the market, technology and strategic analyses dedicated to innovative materials, devices and systems.His main areas of interest are EV/HEV, renewable energy, power electronic packaging and batteries. Milan has 20 years of scientific,industrial and managerial experience involving equipment and process development, due diligence, technology and market surveys in thefields of renewable energies, EV/HEV, energy storage, batteries, power electronics, thermal management, and innovative materials anddevices. He received his PhD degree from Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP) in France. Milan Rosina previously worked forthe Institute of Electrical Engineering in Slovakia, Centrotherm in Germany, Fraunhofer IWS in Germany, CEA LETI in France, and utilitycompany ENGIE in France.
Email: [email protected]
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Biographies & contacts
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Ankai, Aptiv, Audi, BAIC, BMW, BMW-Brilliance, BorgWarner, Bosch, Broad-Ocean, Brusa, BYD, CATL, Continental, CRRC, Daimler, Dana, Daihatsu, Danfoss, Delphi,
Delta Electronics, Denso, Eberspächer, FAW, FCA, Ford, Fuji Electric, Geely, GKN, GM, Hella, Hitachi, Honda, Huayu, Hyundai, Infineon, Isuzu, JAC, Jaguar Land Rover, Kia, LG
Chem, Macmic, Mahle, Mahindra, Mazda, Megmeet, Mitsubishi Electric, Mitsubishi Motors, Nichicon, Nidec, Nissan, Panasonic, Porsche, Proterra, PSA, Renault, Ricardo, SAIC, Samsung SDI, Scania, Schaeffler, Shinry, Siemens-Valeo, Solaris, Starpower, Tesla,
Subaru, Tata Motors, Toshiba, Toyota, UAES, Valeo, Volkswagen, Volvo, Yutong and more.
COMPANIES CITED IN THIS REPORT
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MAIN DRIVERS FOR ELECTRIC MOBILITY
Government regulations to reduce
CO2
emissions Air-pollution issues in
cities
Government incentives to
promote electro-mobility
Stronger involvement from OEMs in electro-mobility
Increase in mileage and
power capability in electric cars
Renewable energy
sources to feed
electricity demand
Increasing availability of charging
points
Increasing charging speed
Low cost of electricity
compared to petroleum-based fuels
1,000 km
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VEHICLE ELECTRIFICATION ACCELERATION
The initial strategy path for vehicle electrification has been accelerated by several singular events.
Time
Ele
ctri
fica
tion leve
lFull-electricFull-electric
ICE
“Diesel gate”
“Tesla effect”
“Incentives for
zero-emission
vehicles in
China”
Strengthened
CO2
reduction
targets
NEDC
→WLTP
≈ ≈
As planned in
the past
Real
evolution
Strong
battery cost
reduction
+ -
Ban of diesel cars in
some regions/cities
NEDC: New European Driving Cycle
WLTP: Worldwide Harmonized Light Duty Vehicles Test Procedure
Growing customer
preference for SUV-
type vehicles
COVID-19
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MARKET FORECASTS
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EV/HEV SUPPLY CHAIN (I/II)
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EV/HEV SUPPLY CHAIN (II/II)
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EV/HEV SUPPLY CHAIN IN CHINA AND KOREA
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TECHNOLOGY TRENDS FOR EV/HEV (I/II)
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TECHNOLOGY TRENDS FOR EV/HEV (II/II)
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POWER ELECTRONICS IN EV/HEV (I/II)
What power devices do each xEV type use?
Motor
On-board
chargerDCAC
Boost
converter (optional)
Main
inverter
High voltage
battery
DC/DC
converter/s
12V voltage
battery
Ele
ctric
ch
arg
ing
48V voltage
battery(optional)
Only in PHEV and BEV
HV-12V/48V-12V
AC
DC
48-12V DC/DCWe can find basically 80-
100V discrete devices
HV-12V DC/DCWe can find basically 500-650V
and 80-100V discrete devices
OBCWe can find basically
600-650V discrete
devices
Boost converterWe can find basically
600V discrete devices
Main inverterThe power level will be
different depending on
electrification type and
manufacturer choice.
We can find both
discrete or modules.
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POWER ELECTRONICS IN EV/HEV (II/II)
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Contact our
Sales Team
for more
information
Li-ion Battery Packs for Automotive and Stationary Storage
Applications 2020
Status of the Power Electronics Industry 2020
Power SiC: Materials, Devices and Applications 2020
Status of the Power Module Packaging Industry 2020
YOLE GROUP OF COMPANIES RELATED REPORTS
Yole Développement
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Contact our
Sales Team
for more
information
Silicon IGBT Comparison2021
YOLE GROUP OF COMPANIES RELATED REPORTS
System Plus Consulting
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If you are interested, feel free to contact us right now!
We will also be more than happy to give you updated data
and appropriate formats.
Your contact: Sandrine Leroy, Dir. Public Relations
Email: [email protected]
HOW TO USE OUR DATA?
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