Year 9 Transition Biology WorkWeek Commencing: 29.06.20

Topic 1: Key Concepts in BiologySession Focus: Making revision resources for Topic 1

Time: approx. 1 - 2 hoursAny questions or problems e-mail:

h.ghoris@bishopchalloner.bham.sch.uk

Topic 1 Biology an overview1. cells - animal and plant

2. cells bacteria and yeast

3. cell organelles

4. Specialised cells

5. Microscopes - electron and light

6. Magnification Calculations IAM

7. Enzymes structure and function

8. Enzymes and digestion

9. Enzymes and temperature

10. Enzymes and pH

11. Food tests

12. Burning food and colorimeters

13. Osmosis

14. Active Transport

15. Diffusion

Here are the topics you will be studying in your year 9 Biology course. Make sure you know these topics well.

Use Seneca to consolidate your knowledge. I have set up a room code for you to join and practice exam questions

3uh5x2y2wi

Overview of your studies so far – check that you have completed all these tasks….

This is what you will be studying this summer term

Introduction and specification

Year 9 – I will be setting work for you to complete for the foreseeable future.

By the end of year 9 you will complete topic 1 in the GCSE Biology course. We are completing the EDEXCEL specification for Biology.

https://qualifications.pearson.com/content/dam/pdf/GCSE/Science/2016/Specification/GCSE_Biology_Spec.pdf

Topic 1: Key Concepts in Biology

In this session we will focus on revising all the content for topic 1 and making revision materials

Write the title and date in your exercise books

Title: Revision of topic 1 Biology: Key concepts in Biology

Task 1: Exam question practice

Your task: look at the next three slides and answer the questions on each slide.You can either print the sheets and then write the answers on them or write the answers in your exercise books.

If you can – time your self while you are completing them – you should only spend 10 minutes on each slide.

The slides are:-1. Enzymes2. Food Tests3. Cell transport

Answer this examination question on enzymes – you can use the notes you have made from previous lessons

Construct word equations to show the products of enzyme action on the nutrients above:

1.

2.

3.

Match the enzyme to the nutrient.

Exam question (use Bullet points):

A student has eaten a steak for dinner. The steak contains protein and fat.

(i) Describe how the protein is digested (3 Marks)

.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

Lipase

Carbohydrase

Protease

Mark Scheme – use this mark scheme to correct your work! How did you do?

Construct word equations to show the products of enzyme action on the nutrients above:

1. Carbohydrate ----- carbohydrase---- glucose

2. Protein ------protease------- amino acids

3. Lipids -------- lipase ----- fatty acids and glycerol

Match the enzyme to the nutrient.

Exam question (use Bullet points):

A student has eaten a steak for dinner. The steak contains protein and fat.

(i) Describe how the protein is digested (3 Marks)

• Protein is a large insoluble food molecule

• It is digested by the enzyme protease

• Protease is found in the stomach

• Protease digests protein into amino acids

• Amino acids are small soluble food molecules

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Lipids

Lipase

Carbohydrase

Protease

Answer this examination question on food tests – you can use the notes you have made from previous lessons

Use the information to identify the nutrient present in the sample of food:

Sample 1 - Turns blue/black with iodine.

Sample 2 – Solution turns red/green with Benedict's solution.

Sample 3 – Red stained oil layer with Sudan (III)

Sample 4 – Biuret solution turns purple.

Identify the pieces of equipment. Write their names underneath each piece

Exam question (use Bullet points):

Describe how you would test a sample of food to show it contains protein. (4 Marks)

.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Mark Scheme – use this mark scheme to correct your work! How did you do?

Use the information to identify the nutrient present in the sample of food:

Sample 1 - Turns blue/black with iodine. STARCH

Sample 2 – Solution turns red/green with Benedict's solution. REDUCING SUGAR EG GLUCOSE

Sample 3 – Red stained oil layer with Sudan (III) FAT

Sample 4 – Biuret solution turns purple. PROTEIN

Identify the pieces of equipment. Write their names underneath each piece

Exam question (use Bullet points):

Describe how you would test a sample of food to show it contains protein. (4 Marks)

• Crush the food sample

• Add Biuret A

• Add Biuret B

• Shake

• If the solution turns purple, then protein is present in the food

beakerPestle and mortar

Filter funnel

Test tube Pipette

Answer this examination question on cell transport – you can use the notes you have made from previous lessons

Complete the table to compare osmosis and active transport:

Label the diagram to show the movement of particles during osmosis.

Exam question (use Bullet points):

Plant roots absorb water from the soil by osmosis.

(a) What is osmosis? (3 Marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Similarities Differences

Mark Scheme – use this mark scheme to correct your work! How did you do?

Complete the table to compare osmosis and active transport:

Label the diagram to show the movement of particles during osmosis.

Exam question (use Bullet points):

Plant roots absorb water from the soil by osmosis.

(a) What is osmosis? (3 Marks)

• Osmosis is the movement of water

• From a where it is in a high concentration to a low concentration

• Down a concentration gradient

• Through a partially permeable membrane

Similarities Differences

The both transport molecules through a partially permeable membrane Osmosis is a passive process and does no require energy

Active transport is an active process and requires energy from respiration

In osmosis molecules move down a concentration gradient, from high to low concentration, in active transport, molecules move against a concentration gradient from low concentration to high concentration

Water molecules Sugar

molecules

Water moves from where it is in a high concentration to where it is in a low concentration across a partially permeable membrane

Task 2: Topic 1 Revision Mat

Complete the revision mat on the next two slides.

You can either print them off and complete the documents or draw the revision mat in your exercise books.

Complete all the questions and look back in your books and your previous notes to help you complete the task.

Draw and label a plant cell, animal cell and bacterial cell.

Explain the functions of these cell components.

Nucleus

Cell membrane

Cell wall

Cytoplasm

Ribosome

Mitochondria

Vacuole

Plasmid DNA

Flagellum

Draw and label the specialised features of a ciliated epithelial cell, sperm cell and egg cell.

.Calculate the actual size of the nucleus of this cell.Magnification x 400

The diameter of an egg cell is 8 m, calculate the magnification used in this image.

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using electron microscopes to view cells.

.

Use the diagram to explain how an enzyme works.

What happens when an enzyme gets denatured?

For the different graphs explain the shape. Why does it increase/decrease/level off and where is the optimum?

.What are the products of the following enzyme catalysed reactions?

Topic key words

Eukaryotic prokaryotic organelles nucleus cell membrane cytoplasm mitochondriaribosomes cell wall chloroplasts chlorophyll vacuole acrosome haploidCiliated magnification resolution estimation enzyme substrate active siteEnzyme-substrate complex optimum catalysts carbohydrates proteins lipidsSugar amino acids fatty acids glycerol osmosis diffusion active transport

Osmosis.

Which way will the water molecules move?

Write a definition of osmosis?

What happens to the mass of potato chip when it is placed in these solutions, can you explain why?

Pure water

Strong salt solution

How would you describe these cells? What is diffusion?

What substances diffuse into and out of cells?

What is active transport?

Task 3: making flash cardsProduce revision flash cards for the following questions, there are 56 questions in total. Each card should contain a minimum of two questions and a maximum of three questions. The one side should have the questions and

the other side should have the answers.

Questions for topic 1

1. What are the main differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

2. Name examples of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.

3. Draw a labelled diagram of a plant and animal cell.

4. Write down the structures that are unique to a plant cell.

5. Write down the role of the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.

6. Write down the role of the mitochondria and ribosomes.

7. Write down the role of a cell wall, large vacuole and chloroplasts.

8. Draw a labelled diagram of bacteria.

9. What are the differences between chromosomal DNA and plasmid DNA?

10. Name the other structures found in a bacteria.

11. What is the role of flagellum?

12. Name three examples of specialised cells.

13. Sperm and egg cells are haploid, what does the term haploid mean?

14. Write down the function of an egg cell.

15. Draw a labelled diagram of an egg cell.

16. List and describe the three main adaptations of an egg cell.

17. Write down the main function of the sperm cell.

18. List and describe the 4 adaptations of the sperm cell.

19. Draw a labelled diagram of ciliated epithelial cells and write down where they are found.

20. List down the three main adaptions of the ciliated epithelial cells.

21. Write a definition for magnification and resolution.

22. How do light microscopes work and what do light microscopes allow us to do?

23. How do electron microscopes work and why are these microscopes better than light microscopes?

24. What do electron microscopes allow you to do?

25. Write a method for how you use a light microscope.

26. What is the role of using stain on your specimen?

27. Draw the formula triangle that incorporates magnification, image size and actual size.

28. List the rules for writing answers as standard form.

29. How do you convert from micrometres to millimetres and from millimetres to micrometres?

30. What are enzymes?

31. Draw a diagram to show the lock and key model to explain how enzymes work?

32. Enzymes are highly specific, what does this mean?

33. Draw a graph to show the effect of temperature on enzyme activity.

34. Write a description for the graph for before 37 degrees Celsius and a description for after 37 degrees Celsius.

35. Draw a graph to show the effect of pH on enzyme activity.

36. Write a description for the pH graph.

37. Draw a graph to show the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity.

38. Write two descriptions for the substrate concentration graph; one before the line plateaus and one after.

39. Write a method to describe how to investigate the effect of pH on enzyme activity.

40. How do you calculate rate of reaction?

41. Name the enzyme that breaks down starch into sugars?

42. Name the enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids?

43. Name the enzyme that breaks down lipids into glycerol and fatty acids?

44. Why are enzymes important in breaking down large molecules in digestion?

45. What does Benedict’s Reagent test for and how is it used and what is a positive result?46. What does iodine test for and how do we use this chemical and what is a positive result?47. What does emulsion test involve and what does it test for?48. What does the biuret test involve and what does it test for?49. What is the name for the method to see how much energy is in food?50. Write down the method for testing how much energy is in food?51. Write a definition for diffusion.52. Write a definition for osmosis.53. Write a definition for active transport.54. Where does active transport occur?55. Write a method for testing for osmosis.56. How do you calculate percentage change?

Task 4: Extension work – Complete the assignments on Seneca:

Decide whether you want to complete the higher revision questions or the foundation revision questions. You can do both if you wish.

Room code: 3uh5x2y2wi