Yazaki CHP Presentation

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HOT WATER POWEREDABSORPTION CHILLERSFORINTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS


HOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERSHOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERSFOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMSFOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS

1.1. Who are Shorts ?Who are Shorts ?2.2. What is an Absorption ChillerWhat is an Absorption Chiller3.3. Yazaki Range of Hot Water Powered Absorption ChillersYazaki Range of Hot Water Powered Absorption Chillers4.4. Supplementary Low Carbon CoolingSupplementary Low Carbon Cooling5.5. Supplementary Low Carbon HeatingSupplementary Low Carbon Heating

FOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMSFOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS

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WHO ARE SHORTS ?

SUPPLIERS OF LOW CARBON HEATING & COOLING PRODUCTS

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o ISO9001 and ISO14001 certificated companyo Supplying engineering products for buildings since 1945o Part of the Read Holdings Group – 150 years privately ownedo Distributor of LG and Mitsubishi Air Conditioning for 10 yearso Main office, warehouse, showroom and training centre in

Bradford o Services cover pre-sales support (incl design and training)

through to post-sales support (incl commissioning, troubleshooting and spares)g p )

o Partnership with Robur (absorption products) late 2006o Partnership with Yazaki (absorption products) 2008

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The benefits of CHP are fairly obvious and well understood…..

Electricity is generated locally from gas at approximately 30% efficiency

55% of the gas input is recovered as heat for heating the buildingor DHW

This leads to – reduced running / fuel costsreduced CO2 emissions

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The benefits of CHP are fairly obvious and well understood…..

However, in commercial and public buildings cooling requirements can often outstrip heating requirements

This is where “tri-generation” becomes a favourable option

The heat from the CHP system can be used in summer to power a heat driven absorption chiller to provide building coolingp p g g

Building cooling is achieved by distribution of chilled water

What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?

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What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?

Conventional electric chillers / air conditioners use a compressor to drive the unit.

Conventional electric chiller operation

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What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?

In the case of an absorption chiller system, the energy to drive the working fluid comes from heat rather than an electrically driven compressor.

The rest of the system is the same.

Absorption chiller operation

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In an absorption machine the “driving” heat can be in the form of hot water, steam or even direct firing by gas

It is the hot water fired model that is of interest forCHP applications…..

What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?There are two types of commercially available absorption systems

using different working fluid “pairs” –

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What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?What is an absorption chiller ?There are two types of commercially available absorption systems

using different working fluid “pairs” –

water/ammonia water/ammonia and lithium bromide/waterlithium bromide/water


Machine TypesMachine Types

Gas-Fired Chiller (Air Cooled) : Ammonia / Water

Gas-Fired Chiller (Water Cooled) : Lithium Bromide / WaterGas Fired Chiller (Water Cooled) : Lithium Bromide / Water

Steam-Fired Chiller : Lithium Bromide / Water

Hot WaterHot Water--Fired Chiller : Lithium Bromide / WaterFired Chiller : Lithium Bromide / Water

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Time LineTime Line

1920s – 1930s : Gas-Fired Domestic Absorption Refrigerator

1950s – 1960s : Mass acceptance of Domestic product(over 4 million units sold)

1968 : First Commercial Gas-Fired Absorption Chiller developed

1970s – 1980s : Widespread acceptance of Commercial cooling product

Performance measures :Performance measures :

The efficiency of an electric chiller is defined as its COP

COP = Cooling Capacity (kW)Electric power used to drive the chiller (kW)

The COP of a heat driven absorption chiller is defined as

COP = Cooling Capacity (kW)Heat used to drive the chiller (kW)

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Performance measures :Performance measures :Typically, the seasonal COP of an electric chiller is between 2.0 to 3.0

While the COP of an absorption chiller is between 0.7 to 1.0

However, the two are not directly comparable because of how efficientlythe absorption chiller “driving” heat is produced compared with the efficiency at which the electricity is generated to drive the electric chiller

Environmental Benefits (1):Environmental Benefits (1):The use of Absorption chillers to provide building cooling / air conditioning can make tremendous Carbon (CO2) savings :

Electric chiller : 21 Tonnes of CO2

Absorption chiller powered by CHP : zero CO2(this is ADDITIONAL emissions – as CHP electrical power emissions are equivalent to power station)

Absorption chiller powered by Solar Thermal : zero CO2

Absorption chiller powered by Gas : 15.4 Tonnes of CO2

(based on 100kW chiller operating for 1,000 hours)

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Environmental Benefits (2):Environmental Benefits (2):Absorption chillers contain no F Gas refrigerants.

Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the world’s Global Warming to leaked refrigerants in the atmosphere. This is a major concern and has lead to the development of the stringent F-Gas Regulations

Absorption chillers use the environmentally benign lithium bromide/water mixture or ammonia/water mixture. All of these

h d l l ( ) f d l b lconstituents have ozone depletion potential (ODP) of zero and global warming potential (GWP) of zero.

In addition the sealed working fluid circuit means the opportunity for refrigerant leakage is much less than with a conventional chiller.

HOT WATERHOT WATER--FIRED FIRED CHILLERSCHILLERS

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WHO ARE YAZAKI ?WHO ARE YAZAKI ?

World’s leading absorption technology

manufacturer with almost 40 years experience in

f t i b timanufacturing absorption chillers

WHO ARE YAZAKI ?WHO ARE YAZAKI ?

•Major Japanese multinational engineering company

•Leading global supplier of absorption cooling systems

•Have been mass producing absorption chillers since 1970

•More than 100,000 absorption chillers installed worldwide

•More than 2,000 absorption chillers installed in the EU

•Products stocked in EU

•Entered UK in 2008 via Shorts

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YAZAKI HOT WATERYAZAKI HOT WATER--FIRED CHILLERSFIRED CHILLERS

Yazaki WFC SeriesYazaki WFC Series17kW, 35kW, 17kW, 35kW, 70kW and 105kW 70kW and 105kW of Coolingof Cooling

INTEGRATION OF YAZAKI HOT WATERINTEGRATION OF YAZAKI HOT WATER--FIRED CHILLERS FIRED CHILLERS WITH A CHP SYSTEM (t iWITH A CHP SYSTEM (t i ti )ti )WITH A CHP SYSTEM (triWITH A CHP SYSTEM (tri--generation)generation)

heat rejection

buildingdistributionsystem

CHP Unit

YAZAKI chiller

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••Operate with driving temperatures between Operate with driving temperatures between 70 and 9570 and 95ooCC

••Most technologically advanced unit of its typeMost technologically advanced unit of its type••Manufactured in JapanManufactured in Japan••Compact and lightCompact and light••Indoor or outdoor installationIndoor or outdoor installation••Supplied charged with working solutionSupplied charged with working solution••All products factory tested for quality assuranceAll products factory tested for quality assurance••Spares stock in UKSpares stock in UK••Commissioning and technical support in UKCommissioning and technical support in UK


MODEL WFC-SC5 WFC-SC10 WFC-SC20 WFC-SC30

Cooling (kW) 17.6 35 70 105Chilled water (degC) 7/12.5 7/12.5 7/12.5 7/12.5

Heat Input (kW) 25 50 100 151Heat medium (degC) 83/88 83/88 83/88 83/88Heat medium (degC) 83/88 83/88 83/88 83/88

Heat Rejection (kW) 43 86 171 256Cooling water (degC) 35/31 35/31 35/31 35/31

Suitable CHP 13kWe 27kWe 55kWe 83kWe

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Extremely compact size and light weight :Extremely compact size and light weight :

Yazaki WFCYazaki WFC--SC10 (35kW capacity)SC10 (35kW capacity)W = 760mmD = 890mmH = 1900mmOperating weight = 600kg

Compared with………Compared with………

Thermax LTThermax LT--1 (nom. 35kW capacity)1 (nom. 35kW capacity)W = 1600mmD = 1600mmH = 2100mmOperating weight = 2000kg


THE PERFORMANCE OF ANY HOT WATER FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLERIS GREATLY INFLUENCED BY :

Chilled Water – Flow rate and temperaturesHeat Medium – Flow rate and temperaturesHeat Rejection – Flow rate and temperatures

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TYPICALTYPICALTYPICAL TYPICAL PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE CURVESCURVES

TYPICALTYPICALTYPICAL TYPICAL PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE CURVESCURVES

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IT IS ESSENTIAL TO OPTIMISE THE CHILLER TO SUIT THE CONDITIONS

ALWAYS CONTACT SHORTS WITH YOUR DESIGN CRITERIA

When assessing the performance of different manufacturers productsENSURE THAT THE COMPARISON IS MADE AT THE SAME CONDITIONS !

For example :Yazaki WFCYazaki WFC--SC10 :SC10 :Produces 35kW of cooling based on design conditions:Heat Medium Temperature = 88oCCooling Water Temperature = 31oC

Thermax LTThermax LT--1 :1 :Produces 35kW cooling based on design conditions :Heat Medium Temperature = 90.6oCCooling Temperature = 29.4oC

At 88At 88ooC Heat Medium / 31C Heat Medium / 31ooC Cooling Water Temperature C Cooling Water Temperature The Thermax LTThe Thermax LT--1 only produces 25kW of cooling.1 only produces 25kW of cooling.

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Any other renewable hot water heating system that is Any other renewable hot water heating system that is used to heat in winter can be used to cool in summer.used to heat in winter can be used to cool in summer.

-Hot water from a biomass boiler-Hot water from a solar thermal system-Process / industrial waste heat-Process / industrial waste heat

Uses heat in the form of hot water at 70oC or above to produce cooling in the form of chilled water at 7oC

YAZAKI HOT WATERYAZAKI HOT WATER--FIRED CHILLERSFIRED CHILLERSEXAMPLE OFEXAMPLE OFheat rejection EXAMPLE OF EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATION INTEGRATION WITH A WITH A BIOMASSBIOMASSBOILERBOILER

Biomass boiler


heat rejection

YAZAKI chiller

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EXAMPLE OF EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATION INTEGRATION WITH A WITH A SOLAR SOLAR THERMAL THERMAL SYSTEMSYSTEM

solar panel heat rejection


storage YAZAKI chiller

YAZAKI HOT WATERYAZAKI HOT WATER--FIRED CHILLERSFIRED CHILLERSheat rejection

EXAMPLE OF EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATION INTEGRATION WITH WITH PROCESS PROCESS WASTE HEAT WASTE HEAT SOURCESOURCE


heat rejection

YAZAKI chiller

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YAZAKI CHILLER / CHP INSTALLATIONSYAZAKI CHILLER / CHP INSTALLATIONS

ASM Parvia (Italy)1 off Yazaki WFC-SC20

Bionorica (Germany)4 off Yazaki WFC-SC30

70 kW Chiller integrated with a microturbine CHP

Chillers (total 420kW)Integrated with a veg oil CHP and biomass boiler

There are more than 100,000 Yazaki chillers installed worldwide and more than 2,000 installations in the EU

All Yazaki absorption chillers need achillers need a

separateHeat Rejection

system

Shorts can supply a suitable UK manufactured unit Shorts can supply a suitable UK manufactured unit or or

Can provide help you to select a suitable unit for optimum Can provide help you to select a suitable unit for optimum performanceperformance

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In the event that the Yazaki chiller/CHP combination does In the event that the Yazaki chiller/CHP combination does not fully meet the building’s cooling OR heatingnot fully meet the building’s cooling OR heating

demand there are other “supplementary” low carbondemand there are other “supplementary” low carbonoptions available from Shorts ………options available from Shorts ………

SUPPLEMENTARYSUPPLEMENTARYLOW CARBON

COOLING

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YAZAKIYAZAKIYAZAKI YAZAKI GASGAS--FIRED FIRED CHILLERSCHILLERS

YAZAKI GASYAZAKI GAS--FIRED CHILLERSFIRED CHILLERS

CHCH--K SeriesK Series105 kW to 352 kW 105 kW to 352 kW of Coolingof Cooling

CHCH--MG SeriesMG Series527 kW to 703 kW527 kW to 703 kWof Coolingof Cooling

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YAZAKI GASYAZAKI GAS--FIRED CHILLERSFIRED CHILLERS

o Chilled water as low as 7oC

o CH-K Series has COP of 1.02

o CH-MG Series has COP of 1.2

BENEFITS OF YAZAKI GAS-FIRED CHILLERS

Low electrical usageFor example - a basic 352kW unit (CHK-100) uses only 2.5kW of power compared with over 115 kW for an equivalent electric system.

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Low electrical usage

Environmental benefits – significant CARBON SAVINGS

E l CHMG 130 (527 kW) itCARBON SAVINGS :Example : CHMG-130 (527 kW) unit(Running 60 hours per week / 6 months per year)

Yazaki Chiller= 1560 (hrs) x 439 (kW gas) x 0.19 (kgCO2/kWh gas)= 130 Tonnes of CO2 per year

Electric Chiller (seasonal COP of 2.5)= 1560 (hrs) x 211 (kW electricity) x 0 523 (kgCO /kWh elec)= 1560 (hrs) x 211 (kW electricity) x 0.523 (kgCO2/kWh elec)= 172 Tonnes of CO2 per year

In other words a COIn other words a CO22 saving of 24%saving of 24%

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Environmental benefits

Other Environmental benefitsNo F Gases. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the world’s Global W i t f i t i th t h Th Y ki Chill thWarming to refrigerants in the atmosphere. The Yazaki Chiller uses the environmentally benign lithium bromide / water mixture.




Other Environmental benefitsNo F Gases. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the world’s Global W i t f i t i th t h Th Y ki Chill thWarming to refrigerants in the atmosphere. The Yazaki Chiller uses the environmentally benign lithium bromide / water mixture.Lithium bromide has an ozone depletion potential (ODP) of zero and a global warming potential (GWP) of zero. In addition the sealed working fluid circuit means the opportunity for refrigerant leakage is much less than with a conventional heat pump system.

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Other Environmental benefits

R i t iRunning cost savingsAlways running cost savings and good paybacks. The volume of savings depends on individual site requirements and tariffs.

ANNUAL RUNNING COSTS = (RH x LF x Q x P)E

In doing running cost and payback analysis remember :

Fuel Tariffs - Standing charge and climate change levy

Seasonal Efficiencies – not full load / design efficiencies

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R i t iRunning cost savings

Inherently more reliableFactory sealed and tested unit with no compressor. General mechanical reliability is excellent and the scope for refrigerant loss is minimised.

ROBURROBURROBUR ROBUR GASGAS--FIRED FIRED CHILLERSCHILLERS

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ROBUR GASROBUR GAS--FIRED CHILLERSFIRED CHILLERSGA RANGEGA RANGEGA RANGEGA RANGE

Net Revenue 2005 36 million euroOngoing investment in R&D 2005 7%Employees 249Employees 249Headquarters Bergamo, ItalyCompany Founded 1956Business Presence WorldwideChillers & Heat Pumps produced 3,500 pa

ISO9001 and ISO14001 certificated Italian

manufacturer of solutions for heating air conditioning and refrigeration that are

able to significantly reduce the impact on the

environment

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ROBUR GAS-FIRED CHILLERS

o Air cooled


o Basic 17.7kW module

M d l b lti l d t 88kW (RTCF t )o Modules can be multipled to 88kW (RTCF system)

ROBUR GASROBUR GAS--FIRED CHILLERS FIRED CHILLERS –– RTCF MultiRTCF Multi

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ROBUR GASROBUR GAS--FIRED CHILLERSFIRED CHILLERS

o Air cooled


o Basic 17.7kW module

M d l b lti l d t 88kW (RTCF t )o Modules can be multipled to 88kW (RTCF system)

o Often the only effective way to obtain air conditioning or process cooling at sites where electricity supplies are at a premium

BENEFITS OF ROBUR GASBENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS--FIRED CHILLERSFIRED CHILLERS

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Low electrical usageThe basic 17.7kW Robur unit uses 820W of power compared with over 6kW for an equivalent electric chiller



Environmental benefitsEfficient direct point of source use of gas compared with electric chillers

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Other Environmental benefitsNo F Gases. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the world’s Global W i t f i t i th t h Th R b h tWarming to refrigerants in the atmosphere. The Robur heat pump uses the environmentally benign water/ammonia mixture.




Running cost savingsVolume of savings depends on individual site requirements and tariffs

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RUNNING COST ESTIMATES :


RH = annual plant run hoursLF = plant load factorQ = plant capacity (kW)P = fuel price (£/kwh)P = fuel price (£/kwh)E = plant seasonal efficiency




Running cost savings

I h tl li blInherently more reliableFactory sealed and tested unit with no compressor. General mechanical reliability is excellent and the scope for refrigerant loss is minimised.

Modular system approach means that the building is not dependent on one piece of plant and wear and tear can be spread.

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••Microbiological Laboratories Microbiological Laboratories –– first floorfirst floor

••Six ACF60Six ACF60--00 Chillers in two RTCF18000 Chillers in two RTCF180--0000

ERASMUS DARWEN BUILDING, ERASMUS DARWEN BUILDING, NOTTINGHAM TRENT UNIVERSITYNOTTINGHAM TRENT UNIVERSITY

Six ACF60Six ACF60 00 Chillers in two RTCF18000 Chillers in two RTCF180 00 00 assembliesassemblies

••Total cooling capacity of 106kWTotal cooling capacity of 106kW

••Low noise models due to sensitivity of siteLow noise models due to sensitivity of site

SUPPLEMENTARYSUPPLEMENTARYLOW CARBON

HEATING

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ROBURROBUR GAS-FIRED

ABSORPTIONHEAT PUMPS

Developed in 2004 by Italian manufacturer RoburB d th l R b fi d i l dBased on the popular Robur gas-fired air cooled absorption chiller

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Robur Gas Heat Pump Operation

Robur Gas Heat Pump productsRobur Gas Heat Pump products

Robur’s range of gas-fired chillers and heat pumps is based around a basic 35kW heating / 17kW

cooling module.

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This module can provide

heating onlyor

heating and coolingheating and cooling


The heating module can have a heat source from :

outside airor

ground source or geothermal wateroror

process or waste heat

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Robur Air Source Gas Heat Pumps Robur Air Source Gas Heat Pumps Robur Air Source Gas Heat PumpsRobur Air Source Gas Heat Pumps

GAHPGAHP--AAHeating onlyHeating only

GAHPGAHP--ARARReverse cycleReverse cycleyyCooling/heatingCooling/heating

Robur Air Source Gas Heat PumpsRobur Air Source Gas Heat Pumpso Air source single unit producing heating only or cooling/heating

o Produces hot water at upto 60oC (chilled water as low as 3oC)

o Basic 35kW heating / 17kW cooling module

o Can be multipled to 175kW heating / 85kW cooling

o Heating efficiencies as high as 140% - mean running cost savings andCO2 emission benefits

o Almost full heating capacity at 120% efficiency at -5oC ambient

o Ideal where environmental concerns and/or running costs are important

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Robur Water Source Gas Heat PumpsRobur Water Source Gas Heat Pumps

GAHPGAHP--WSWS

Robur Water Source Gas Heat PumpsRobur Water Source Gas Heat Pumps

o Single unit producing hot (65oC) and chilled (3oC) water simultaneously

o Basic module produces 38.8 kW of heating and 18.4 kW of cooling

o Combined efficiency up to 227%.

o Suited to hospitals, hotels and process applications

o Ideal where environmental concerns and/or running costs are important

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Robur Ground Source Gas Heat PumpsRobur Ground Source Gas Heat Pumpspp

GAHPGAHP--GSGS

Robur Ground Source Gas Heat PumpsRobur Ground Source Gas Heat Pumps

o Basic module produces 35 kW of hot water at 60oC

o Heating efficiency as high as 140 %

o Works with a variety of renewable sources including lakes, rivers and ground/geothermal

pp

o In geothermal applications the borehole exchanger area is 40% less than required by an electric heat pump

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BENEFITS OF ROBUR GAS HEAT PUMPS

Low electrical usageThe basic 35kW unit uses 820W of power compared with over 11kW for an equivalent electric system.



Environmental benefits – major CARBON SAVINGS

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E l GAHP A Ai S H t P (36 2kW)CARBON SAVINGS :Example : GAHP-A Air Source Heat Pump (36.2kW)(Running 60 hours per week / 6 months per year)

Robur Gas Heat Pump= 1560 (hrs) x 25.7 (kW gas) x 0.19 (kgCO2/kWh gas)= 7.6 Tonnes of CO2 per year

Condensing Boiler (seasonal efficiency of 90%)= 1560 (hrs) x 40 (kW gas) x 0 19 (kgCO /kWh gas)= 1560 (hrs) x 40 (kW gas) x 0.19 (kgCO2/kWh gas)= 11.9 Tonnes of CO2 per year

Electric Air Source Heat Pump (seasonal COP of 2.5)= 1560 (hrs) x 14.5 (kW electricity) x 0.523 (kgCO2/kWh elec)= 11.8 Tonnes of CO2 per year

An Air Source Robur Heat Pump will produce Carbon Savings of

36% over both

the most efficient condensing boilerand

current generation electric heat pumps

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Other Environmental benefitsNo F Gases. Estimates attribute 13% of ALL of the world’s Global W i t f i t i th t h Th R b h tWarming to refrigerants in the atmosphere. The Robur heat pump uses the environmentally benign water/ammonia mixture.





R i t iRunning cost savingsAlways running cost savings and good paybacks. The volume of savings depends on individual site requirements and tariffs.

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In doing running cost and payback analysis remember :

Fuel Tariffs - Standing charge and climate change levy

Seasonal Efficiencies – not full load / design efficiencies





R i t iRunning cost savings

Inherently more reliableFactory sealed and tested unit with no compressor. General mechanical reliability is excellent and the scope for refrigerant loss is minimised.Modular system approach means that the building is not dependent on one piece of plant and wear and tear can be spread.

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RIVERSIDERIVERSIDE SCHOOL,SCHOOL, OrpingtonOrpington

Client : London Borough of Bromley

Consultant : FrankhamConsultant : Frankham

Main Contractor : Verry

M&E Contractor : Hob Mechanical Services

RIVERSIDERIVERSIDE SCHOOL,SCHOOL, OrpingtonOrpington

Two separate buildings each using :

one off Robur GAHP-A (35kW Air Source Heating Only Heat Pump)

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HOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERSHOT WATER POWERED ABSORPTION CHILLERSFOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMSFOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS

1.1. Who are Shorts ?Who are Shorts ?2.2. What is an Absorption ChillerWhat is an Absorption Chiller3.3. Yazaki Range of Hot Water Powered Absorption ChillersYazaki Range of Hot Water Powered Absorption Chillers4.4. Supplementary Low Carbon CoolingSupplementary Low Carbon Cooling5.5. Supplementary Low Carbon HeatingSupplementary Low Carbon Heating

FOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMSFOR INTEGRATION WITH CHP SYSTEMS



Yazaki CHP Presentation

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