Yana Valachovic, Brendan Twieg and Dan Stark Humboldt and...
Transcript of Yana Valachovic, Brendan Twieg and Dan Stark Humboldt and...
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Yana Valachovic, Brendan Twieg and Dan Stark Humboldt and Del Norte Counties UC Cooperative Extension
Funding provided by: USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry and SOD Research, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, CAL FIRE
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Since 2004 we have been conducting ground-based and stream monitoring for the pathogen
Installed many management trials to both control the spread of the pathogen and to learn how to protect high-value trees and forests
Developing a set of science-based tools to provide managers and landowners with resources to address the pathogen
Coordinating an inter-agency response team
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• Ground Surveys: people on foot look for symptomatic vegetation and take samples
• Aerial Detection: people detect
mortality consistent with disease from an aircraft
• Stream Monitoring: detects when
pathogen is input—often from terrestrial infection—upstream of leaf baits
SOD Detection
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Aerial Surveys
USDA Forest Service Aerial Pest Detection Unit (those boys & girls are good!) Maps all types of abnormalities
of all tree species Sometimes more focused SOD
surveys are conducted
‐ Can’t see trees under canopy ‐ Symptoms are not unique to P.
ramorum; ground sampling & lab testing still necessary
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Aerial Surveys
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Risk models
Meentemeyer et al., 2004
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2001 Disease
Distribution
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2014 Disease
Distribution
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Most moderate-risk area here does not contain bay laurel; risk model here is driven by veg. types that include shrub-form tanoak or have tanoak associated commonly elsewhere.
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Notholithocarpus densiflorus varieties densiflorus & echinoides
• Ten individuals of each var. from Trinity County (uninfected locations) – 6 branches per tree, each with
multiple sub-branches • 1 control • 5 inoculated
– Two strains each branch » Santa Cruz nursery-
origin » Trinity County wildland
origin
• Inoculate twigs and measure lesion growth
• Experimental design and bulk of lab work by the Rizzo Lab: Dave Rizzo, Heather Mehl, Kamyar Aram, et al.
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Inoculations
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Both varieties highly susceptible…
var. densiflorus (tree form) var. echinoides (shrub form)
Both varieties formed lesions that girdled the stems and killed all distal leaves • Do varieties differ in the frequency of such girdling lesions? • Do the two inoculant strains differ in virulence?
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Notholithocarpus densiflorus var. echinoides
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Acres of SOD-consistent tanoak mortality identified by USFS Aerial Surveys
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Unresolved issues How to clean heavy equipment?
California bay laurel stumps Equipment is working where trees have been fallen
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Logging Equipment: Lots of Infested Soil
LOG LOADER: CAN HARBOR OVER 500
LITERS OF SOIL/DEBRIS