Xnn Nan Maipanggep Nan Batawa (About the World) 1994

Nan Maipariggep Nan Batawa About The World

41

A translation and adaption of Is Kelibutan Tew (Western Bukidnon Manobo)

by Daniel It Elkins, Rosito Lumansay and Richard E. Elkins; and Maynamot Do Lobong Taya

(Ibatan of Babuyan Claro Island, Cagayan) translated by Rueben T. Rican assisted by Judith M. Maree.

Translated by Jocelyn L. Navarro

and Marjory Moran

Art Work by Daniel R. Elkins and Rundell D. Maree

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3

SUMMER INSTITUTE OF LINGUISTICS-Philippines, Inc. Translators 1994 Publishers

Published in cooperation with the

Commission on Philippine Languages and the

Department of Education, Culture and Sports Manila, Philippines

This book or any part thereof may be copied or adapted and reproduced for use by any entity of the the Department of Education, Culture and Sports without permission from the Summer Institute of Linguistics If there are other organizations or agencies who would like to copy or adapt this book we request that permission first be obtained by writing to:

Summer Institute of Linguistics Box 2270 CPO 1099 Manila

We wish to express our appreciation to the Swedish International Development Authority (SIDA) and the Holiness Union Mission of Sweden (HUM) for their assistance in the production of this publication.

Northern Kankanay Atlas

47.36-895-5C 65.120PD-945015N ISBN 971-18-0245-7

Printed in the Philippines SIL Press

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND SPORTS

toles Avenue. Past& Metro Moat

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY

Foreword

The islands, forests, and mountains of our country are home to many distinct cultural communities, each with its own language and tradition. . Their cultures are integral pieces of the beautiful mosaic that is the Filipino nation.

We owe a debt of gratitude to our countrymen from the cultural communities. Through the centuries their customs, languages, and noble spirit have contributed to the development of our national character. As we gain greater understanding of these cultures, we can only take greater pride in the remarkable richness of our Filipino heritage.

For these reasons, it is imperative that the languages and traditions of the Filipino cultural communities be preserved. This book, in the language of a cultural community, is intended to assist in that preservation. It is designed to build reading and comprehension skills and to expand knowledge through the medium of the reader's own language. This first language approach to learning builds pride in the mother tongue and makes reading a rewarding experience. The skills and confidence thus acquired help equip the reader to pursue further education in the national language.

The Department of Education, Culture and Sports is pleased to introduce this book, the most recent in a series designed to promote literacy in the cultural communities. In serving these conuminities, the good of the entire nation is served.

ICARDI-Linese-----A.1 T. GLORIA Secretary

PREFACE Nan Maipanggep Nan Batawa is a translation and adaptation of Is Kelibutan

Tew a simple atlas first designed and written for literacy endeavors among the Western Bukidnon Manobo people of Mindanao and Maynamot do Lobong Taya designed and written for use among the Ibatan people of Babuyan Clara, Calayan, Cagayan.

This edition has been prepared for use in the schools of Sagada, Basso, and Tadian and for the Northern Kankanay people of Mt. Province.

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa 1

Nan Mountain Province Isnan ill tako ay Igorot et wada

tako isnan tolo ay munisipyo ay nan munisipyon di Besao, Sagada ya Tadian ay sakop nan Mountain Province. Nan kali tako et Igorot wenno nan makwani en "Northern Kankanay".

Isdin census di 1970 et 35,046 nan kabibilang di ipogaw isnan tolo ay munisipyo ngem ado gedan nan Ig-igorot ay mentetee isnan tap-in di il-ili id isna Pilipinas ya isnan tap-in di ad-addawi ay it-ili. Mensama nan kaadowan ay menkatagoda ngem ado gedan nan mimistolo ya mimistala, dodoctol ya nurses ya nan tap-in di diadal isnan naay tolo ay munisipyo. Wadada gedan isnan tap-in di it-ili isnan Pilipinas ya isnan ad-addawi ay it-ili.

Nan Mountain Province et wada isnan Northern Luzon. Siya nan esa ay probinsiya isnan Cordillera Central. Nan tolo ay probinsya ay sag-en nan Mountain Province et nan Kalinga-Apayao, Ifugao ya nan Benguet. Naisasag-en gedan nan Abra, Ilocos Sur ya Isabela. Nan capital di Mountain Province et Bontoc.

Id isna Mountain Province ya id Ifugao et wada nan kaskasdaaw ay sinapon di kap-owan tako id kasin. Siya na nan inag-agdan ay kabiti ay IWPaYow.

Nan esa isnan bilbilig di probinsya tako et nan Mt. Data. Isna nan magapowan nan spat ay dadakkel ay ginawang di Luzon. Daida nan Suyoc ay men-ayos isnan Ginawang ay Abra, nan Chico ay men-ayos isnan Ginawang ay Cagayan, nan Asin ay men-ayos isnan Ginawang ay Magat ya nan Ginawang ay Agno.

Nan oblan nan kaadowan isnan ipogaw isnan Mountain Province et mensama isnan inag-agdan ay paypayewda. Nan esekda et pagey ay pala isnan kankanenda ya natkenatken ay madengdeng ay ilakoda. Kaadowan gedan ay oblada et menlagadida is tabla ay ilakoda isnan tap-in di ill ngem id wani et insaldengda ay men-ilako. Ado gedan nan mentalaken is beteg isnan Mountain Province. Wada pay nan balitok ay maal-ala isnan Ginawang ay Chico ngem nan kad-an di kaadowan ay minas et id Benguet.

Mountain Province

We Igorots live in the municipalities of Besao, Sagada and Tadian, in Mountain Province. Our language is Igorot and is also called Northern Kankanay.

In the census of 1970, the population of the three municipalities was 95,046, but many Igorots live in other parts of the Philippines as well as in other countries. Farming is the major means of livelihood, but there are also many teachers, doctors, nurses and other professionals in the three municipalities. There are also professionals who live in other parts of the Philippines and in other countries.

Mountain Province is in Northern Luzon. It is one of the provinces of the Cordillera Central. The adjacent provinces are Kalinga, Ifugao and Benguet. Abra and Isabela are also near. Bontoc is the capital of Mt. Province.

Long ago our ancestors built magnificent

stone-walled rice terraces. They are located in Mountain Province and there are also terraces in Ifugao Province.

One of the mountains in our province is Mt. Data. It is the source of the four large rivers of Luzon. The rivers are the Suyoc which flows to the Abra River, the Chico which flows to the Cagayan River, the Asin that flows to the Magat River and the Agno River.

Farming the rice terraces is the main occupation for most of the people of Mountain Province. They plant rice for their own use and different kinds of vegetables which they sell. Lumbering to sell to other countries has also been a recent occupation, but now they have stopped selling lumber. There are also many in Mountain Province who have piggeries. Some gold is panned from the Chico River, but most of the mines are in Benguet.

2 Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa


Nan Pilipinas Siya na nan mapan nan ili tako ay

Pilipinas. Nan day pangwanida isnan Pilipinas et "Pearl of the Orient". Nan capital nan Filipinas et Quezon City id Manila. Wada nan 7,107 ay dagana ay makwani en island.' Nan kadakkelan ay daga isna et nan Luzon ya Mindanao. Nan dagdaga ay nagagawa isnan Luzon ya Mindanao et siya nan Visayas. Nan esay an-ando ay daga ay naisisiyan et nan Palawan. Isnan abes abagatan di Mindanao et siya nan kad-an nan makwani en Sulu Archipelago. Isna nan kad-an di adoado ay Muslim.

Nan tolo ay kanayon ay maikalkali et Tagalog, Ilocano ya Visaya. Filipino nan makwani en national language ngem nasolok ay sin-gasot nan kali isnan Pilipinas. Nan bayayan di Pilipinas ay makwani en national flower et nan sampaguita. Nan kaiw ay makwani en national tree et narra.

Si Dr Jose Rizal nan makwani en national hero thy inidyana nan biyagna isnan kakailyana tapno

mawayaanda isnan mangitotolayan di Espanyol ken daida. Dat soblaten nan Americano ay mentolay japan Pilipinas enggana isdin World War II esapay soblaten abes nan Hapon. Dat gon-oden nan Pilipinas nan onto ay wayawayana isdin 1946.

Nan Pilipinas et mabilig ay ili. Nan bilbiligna et isnan amyanan ay menpaabaptan. Isnan betaay nan bilbilig et nadadata ya tantanap ay siya nan oom-a ya paypayewan. Nan dadadadakke ay kad-an di mabalin ay masama et id Cagayan ay amyanan di Luzon. Wada gedan isnan gawan di Luzon ay makwani en Central Plain ya nan datan di Bicol. Wada gedan id Panay isnan Visayas ya isnan Agusan id Mindanao.

Wada nan ananwa ay ginawang ay mangdandanom isnan paypayew. Nan napateg ay ginawang isnan Pilipinas et nan Ginawang ay Cagayan isnan amyanan di Luzon, nan Ginawang ay Pampanga ya Agno isnan gawan di Luzon ya nan Ginawang ay Pasig

The Philippines

This is the map of our country the Philippines. Another name for the Philippines is "Pearl of the Orient". Quezon City in Metro Manila is the capital. The Philippines is made up of 7,107 islands. The largest islands are Luion and Mindanao. The islands between Luzon and Mindanao are the Visayas. The long island separated by itself is Palawan. South of Mindanao is the Sulu Archipelago. That is where many Muslims live.

The three major languages of the Philippines are Tagalog, Ilocano and Visaya. The national language is Filipino, and there are more than one hundred other languages spoken in the Philippines. The national flower of the Philippines is the sampaguita. The national tree is the narra.

Dr. Jose Rizal is a national hero who gave his life for his countrymen to help free them from

Nan makwani ay island et daga ay naliliwee ia danom.

Spanish rule. After that the Americans governed the Philippines until World War II and then the Japanese. The Philippines gained true independence in 1946.

The Philippines is a mountainous country. The mountains range from the north to the south. Between the mountains are plains and valleys where them are gardens and rice fields. The largest farming area is in Cagayan in northern Luzon. Other plains are the Central Plain in Central Luzon and the plains of Bled. There are also plains in Panay in the Visayas and in Agusan in Mindanao.

There are wide rivers that provide water for the rice fields. The major rivers of the Philippines are the Cagayan River in northern Luzon, the Pampanga and Agno Rivers of Central Luzon, the

4

isnan Metro Manila ya nan Ginawang ay Agusan ya Pulangi id Mindanao.

Wada abes nan aananwa ay posong ay kaneg nan Laguna Bay id Laguna, nan Taal Lake id Batangas ya Lake Lanao id Mindanao. Datona nan napigsa ay mangpaandal isnan koryinti.

Ado abes gedan nan pagpag isnan Pilipinas ay siya nan magapowan nan kak-aiw ay mailako isnan tap-in di it-ili isnan batawa. Ngem gapo tay omad-ad-ado nan ipogaw et kinaykayda nan tap-in di pagpag to om-aenda ya osalenda ay pagpaatolan nan tap-ina.

Gapo abes tay wada nan baybay isnan betaay nan 7,107 ay island di

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa

Filipinas isonga nan tap-in di kaadowan ay oblan di ipogaw et mensidsidok. Ado pay gedan nan pagminasan. Wada nan minas di balitok id Benguet, id Masbate, id Bulacan, id Surigao ya id Abagatan di Cotabato. Nan gambang et id Lepanto Mankayan, id Cebu, id Negros Occidental, id Marinduque ya id Samar. Nan pay abes landok et id Ilocos Sur, Camarines Norte, isnan Abagatan di Cotabato, id Nueva Vizcaya, id Surigao, id Cagayan Valley, id Marinduque, id Zamboanga, id Samar, id Bulacan ya id Davao. Adoda pay nan didiadal isnan Pilipinas ay natkenatken nan oblada.

Pasig River in Metro Manila and the Agusan and Pulangi Rivers of Mindanao.

There are also large lakes like Laguna Bay in Laguna, Taal Lake in Batangas and Lake Lanao in Mindanao. These provide power for generating electricity.

There are also forests in the Philippines that produce lumber which used to be sold to other countries in the world. However, because the population continues to increase, some of the forest land has been tilled for fields and pasture land.

Since there is ocean between the 7,107 islands of the Philippines, fishing is another of the major occupations of the people. There is also mining. There are gold mines in Benguet, Masbate, Bulacan, Surigao and South Cotabato. Copper is mined in Lepanto Manlmyan, Cebu, Negros Occidental, Marinduque, and Samar. And there is iron in ocos Sur Canmrines Norte, South Cotabato, Nueva Vizcaya, Surigao, Cagayan Valley, Marinduque, Zamboanga, Samar, Bulacan and Davao. Also there are many professionals in the Philippines doing a variety of different work.

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Nan Luzon Nan Luzon nan kadakkelan ay

daga isnan Pilipinas. Wada nan anatakdag ay bilbilig ya ananwa ay nadata. Nan dadakke ay bilbiligma et nan Cordillera ya nan Bilbilig ay Sierra Madre. Nan ananwa ay datana et isnan gawan nan Luzon ay makwani en Central Plain ya nan tanap isnan Ginawang ay. Cagayan.

Nan bilbilig di Cordillera isnan laod et atakdag ya natetengey ay waay 2,743 ay metro nan kaatakdagna. Ngem isnan Central Cordillera et baken pilmi ay atakdag ya baken tengey isonga wada nan mabalin ay maom-a. Nan tanap di Trinidad nan esa ay magapowan nan adoado ay madengdeng. Nan Bilbilig ay Sierra Madre et 563 ay kilometro nan kaan-an-andona dapay abes isnan tap-ina et atakdag ya tengey nan bilbilig ay omey ay 1,524 ay metro nan kaat-atakdagna.

Nan ipogaw isnan Luzon et natkenatken nan oblada. Kaadowan ken daida et mabilig ya mapagpag nan menteteanda. Nan tap-in di menkatagoda et menlaglagadi is tabla,

men-an-anop, men-oblada isnan pagminasan, mensama ya men-galdin, men-abe ya mensapsapo is tinagtago. Nan pay es taga baba et mensama, mentalaken is manok ya beteg, mensas-aep, makioblada isnan pagminasan ya nan tap-ina.

Nan gawan nan Luzon ay makwani en Central Plain et menlogi isnan Manila Bay et enggana isnan Lingayen Gulf id Pangasinan. Mensama nan kaadowan ay oblan di ipogaw isdi. Pagey, ballogo ya onas nan kaadowan ay esekda. Isnan tap-in di logal isdi et mamingsanda ay men-ani isnan makatawen dapay abes isnan tap-ina id baba et mamindowa ya marnintoloda pay. Wada nan dam isnan tap-in di ili ay maolnongan di danom ay mangdanom isnan paypayew.

Nan abes tanap di Cagayan et gawigawis ya maloweb. Ado pay gedan nan nateketeken ay esekda.

Isnan pay abes Luzon et ado nan volcano ay kaneg-nan Taal Volcano id Batangas ya nan Mayon Volcano id Albay isnan sag-en nan Legaspi City. Siya nan esay kagawisan nan sokogna

Luzon Luzon is the largest island in the Philippines.

It has high mountains and wide plains. Its major mountains are the Cordillera and the Sierra Madre Mountains. The wide plains are the Central Plain and the valley along the Cagayan River in Central Luzon.

The tall, steep Cordillera Mountains in the west are about 2,743 meters in height. However, the Central Cordillera mountains are not as tall and steep and so can be farmed. The Trinidad Valley is the source of many kinds of vegetables. The Sierra Madre Mountains are 563 kilometers in length with some of the high steep mountain peaks reaching to about 1,524 meters.

The people in Luzon have many different occupations. Many of them live in the mountains and forested areas. Their various means of livelihood are lumbering, hunting, mining,

farming and gardening, weaving and wood carving. The people in the lowlands farm, raise poultry and pigs, fish, work in the mines, etc.

The Central Plain of Central Luzon begins at Manila Bay and continues to the Lingayen Gulf in Pangasinan. Most of the people there are farmers. The major crops are rice, corn and sugarcane. In some of the areas they harvest once a year, while in other areas in the lowlands they harvest two and three times. There are dams in some places where water is dammed up and used to irrigate the rice fields.

The Cagayan Valley is very good and fertile. They are able to grow many different crops there.

In Luzon there are many volcanoes such as Taal Volcano in Batangas and Mayon Volcano in

8

ay volcano isnan batawa. Nan Iota isdi et maloweb ya gawigawis ay maeskan is pagey, ballogo, ya nan tap-in di madengdeng. Wada abes nan Mt. Pinatubo id Zambales. Issan 1991 et binomtak nan Mt. Pinatubo et ado nan


nadadael ay pagpagey, oom-a, kak-aiw ya bab-aey ya adoado nan natey ay kaipoipogaw. Enggana id wani ay 1994 et bombomtak kayet nan Mt. Pinatubo ngem inmon-onina nan daddaddaelena.

Mayas

ORIENTAL MINDORO

MARINDUQUE

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MASBATE OCCIDENTAL MINDORO

l e) ANTIQNUE ILOILO

NEGROS OCCIDENTAL O.

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NORTHERN SAMAR

STERN SAMAR

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Adoado nan baban-eg ay island isnan Visayas. Kaadowan isnan naayda et nabilbiligan isnan gawan nan iii ya nadadata isnan sag-en di baybay. Nan dadadakke ay island et nan Mindoro, Samar, Leyte, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Romblon ya Palawan.

Nan kaadowan ay ikatagon nan

ipogaw isdi et mensidok ya mensama. Nan kaadowan ay esekda et pagey, ballogo, madengdeng, ones, makmakan ay begas di kak-aiw ya niyog. Id Romblon et siya abes nan esay kagapowan di nangina ay bato ay makwani en marble.

Albay near Legaspi City. It is the most perfectly shaped volcano in the world. The soil is fertile and very good for planting rice, corn and various vegetables. There is also Mt. Pinatubo in Zambales. In 1991 Mt. Pinatubo erupted and

there was great destruction of rice fields, fields, trees and buildings, and many people died Until now, 1994, Mt Pinatubo sometimes erupts, but there is not such great destruction.

Visayas

The Visayas consist of many small islands. Many of the islands are mountainous in the center with narrow plains near the ocean. The larger islands are Mindoro, Samar, Leyte, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Romblon and Palawan.

The major means of livelihood for the Visayan people are fishing and farming. Their main crops are rice, corn, vegetables, sugarcane, fruit trees and coconut. From Romblon comes the valuable stone, marble.

Mindanao

0 DAVAO RIENTAL

SURIGAO DEL NORTE MISAM/S ORIENTAL Cagayan de On City MISAMIS OCCIDENTAL

SURIGAO EL SUR

ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE

ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR amboanga City

LANAO DEL NORTE LANAO DEL SUR Cotabato City MAGINDANAO SULTAN KUDARAT General Santos City

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Davao City

DAVAO DEL SUR

100 200

Kilometers



Mindanao Nan Mindanao nan maikadwa ay

kadakkelan ay island isnan Pilipinas. Wada nan ananwa ay oom-a ya paypayew id isna ay kaneg id Lanao ya id Bukidnon. Wada gedan isnan Cotabato Cordillera ya isnan datan di Cotabato.

Ado pay nan magapowan di danomda ay kaneg nan posong nan Lanao, nan Ginawang ay Agusan ya nan inodey ay makwani en Maria Cristina. Siya dana nan mangdanom isnan paypayew ya napigsa ay mangpaandal isnan koryinti.

Nan Cotabato Cordillera et ado nan anando ya mensisilpo ay bilbilig ngem wada nan tantanapna ay gawis is masama. Ado nan maapit tay

maloweb nan Iota. Nan kaadowan ay esek isdi et pagey, ballogo, niyog, abaca, kapi, cacao, malmkakan ay begas di kak-aiw, obi ya

Id Mindanao pay nan kad-an nan anaananwa ay pinyaan ay nan makwani en Dole ya Del Monte. Siya dana nan isopay ay men-oblaan nan kaadowan isdi. Nan pay ipogaw isnan bilbilig et menlaghtgadi is tabla ya menminminas. Nan maminas isdi et balitok, gambang ya nan makwani en coal.3

Mindanao nan kad-an nan bilig ay Apo. Nan Mount Apo nan kaatakdagan ay bilig isnan Pilipinas ay 3,000 ay metro nan kaatakdagna.

Mindanao Mindanao is the second largest island in the

Philippines. There are wide garden areas and rice fields in Lanao and Bukidnon. There are also gardens and fields in the Cotabato Cordillera and the Cotabato Plain.

There are many sources of water such as Lake Lanao, the Agusan River and Maria Cristina Falls. The falls irrigate the rice fields and provide power to generate electricity.

The Cotabato Cordillera range has long connected mountains with valleys that are good for farming. There are abundant harvests

ii`an ramie et am ay esek By maabe is lopot. Nan coal et esa ay maminminas ngem pals eonod.

because the soil is fertile. The major crops there are rice, corn, coconut, abate, coffee, cacao fruit trees, camote and ramie.

The Dole and Del Monte pineapple plantations are in Mindanao. These provide work for many. The occupation of the people in the mountains is lumbering and mining. There are gold, copper and coal mines.

Mt. Apo is located in Mindanao. It is the highest mountain in the Philippines and is 9,000 meters high.


Southeast Asia ghat

CHINA

time plc Nr4,

SUGAPY4 Jakarta

1 MYANMAR (BURMA) . 2 THAILAND

TAIWAN TAIWAN 3 KAMPUCHEA 4 LAOS

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6 Manila 6a VEST MALAYSIA b EAST MALAYSIA

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Indian Ocean


Southeast Asia Nan Southeast Asia et sakopena

nan simpoo ya esa ay nasyon ay nan Pilipinas, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Kampuchea, Laos, Myanmar ya nan Taiwan.

Maila isnan naay mapa nan nasyon ya dadadakke ay siudad ay naisasag-en isnan Pilipanas. Nan kaasag-enan et Borneo. Dakkel ay island nan Borneo et isdi tolo nan

gobilnoda ay Malaysia, Indonesia ya Brunei. Nan Sabah ya Sarawak et maitapi isnan gobilnon di Malaysia dapay nan Kalimantan et maitapi isnan Indonesia. Nan Brunei nan maikatlo ngem am-inda et sakop di Borneo.

Nan tap-ina ay sagogong tako et nan Singapore, Taiwan, China, Vietnam, Laos, Kampuchea, Thailand ya Myanmar.

ASEAN Nan Association of Southeast

Asian Nations (ASEAN) et siya nan mangpepeke isnan enem ay nasyon to menbibinadangda tapno maoolnos nan Southeast Asia. Nan menbibinadanganda ay maipanggep isnan olnos et adi maitapi nan military. Nan menbibinadanganda et isnan maipanggep nan mapasaldengan nan omad-ad-adowan di ipogaw, nan mangpasaldeng isnan baken osto ay maos-osalan di agas ya nan maad-adal maipanggep isnan maayewan di batawa. Nan ASEAN et

menbinadangda gedan tapno mabalin ay mensinsinokat nan nasyon isnan prodoktoda. Tinew-en ay menmiting nan aap-apon nan naayda ay enem ay nasyon.

Siya dana nan nasyon ay naitapi isnan ASEAN.

Pilipinas Indonesia Singapore Malaysia Thailand Brunei

Nan damo ay ninmitinganda et id Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia includes eleven countries which are the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Kampuchea, Laos, Myanmar and Taiwan.

Shown on this map are the countries which are near our country and some of the large cities. The country nearest to the Philippines is Borneo. Borneo is a large island and has three

governments, Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei. Sabah and Sarawak are governed by Malaysia, and Kalimantan is governed by Indonesia. Brunei is the third government, and all of them are part of Borneo.

The other countries which are our neighbors are Singapore, Taiwan, China, Vietnam, Laos, Kampuchea, Thailand and Myanmar.

ASEAN

The countries included in ASEAN are: Philippines Indonesia Singapore Malaysia Thailand Brunei

Their first meeting was in Bangkok,

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) binds six countries for mutual assistance to maintain peace in Southeast Asia, but the assistance does not include military assistance. Their mutual assistance is in terms of population control, stopping the illegal use of drugs and studying about caring for our world. ASEAN also assists in mutual trade agreements. The leaders of these six countries meet every year.

14

Bangkok isnan Thailand isdin nangpilmaanda isnan tolag di ASEAN isdin Agusto 8, 1967.

Nan tolagan et maipanggep di olnos ya nan menbibinadanganda ay napateg isnan Southeast Asia. Nan aap-apon nan nasyon ay naayda et kaytenda ay maoolnos ya menbinadang.

Indonesia Nan Indonesia et wada nan 3,000

ay baban-eg ay island. Nan epat ay kadakkelan ay island et nan Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi ya nan Kalimantan id Borneo. Naitapi gedan nan Irian Jaya isnan island di New Guinea. Nan capital nan Indonesia et Jakarta.

Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 176,735,000 ya nasolok ay 80% ken

Malaysia


Isdin 1987 nan ninsasab-atan nan aap-apon di ASEAN id Manila ay ninmitingan.

Naayda pay nan maipanggep nan tap-in di nasyon id Asia.

daida nan mensamsama. Natkenatken nan kalida ngem nan kali ay menkinaawatanda am-in et nan Bahasa Indonesia.

Maloweb ya gawigawis nan Iota isdi isonga gawis is masama ya maom-a. Nan pagpag isdi et ananwa ya wada pay nan pagminasanda.

Simpoo ya tolo ay probinsya nan wada isnan Malaysia. Nan naayda et napos-ada isnan nangatngato ay gobilnoda ay makwani en national government ngem nan wasdin probinsya et wada nan wayawayada. Nan capitalna et Kuala Lumpur.

Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 15,909,000. Naitapi et nan sigod ay nintetee isdi ya nan Insik, Malay, Indian, Pakistani ya wada pay nan Filipino.

Thailand, when they signed the written agreement of ASEAN on August 8, 1967.

This written agreement about mutual peace and assistance is important to Southeast Asia. The leaders of these countries want to be united in mutual assistance.

The leaders of these countries met in Manila in 1987.

Included is some information about the nations in Asia.

Indonesia

Indonesia has three thousand small islands. Its four largest islands are Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi and Kalimantan, which is part of the island of Borneo. Irian Jaya is part of the island of New Guinea. Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia.

The population is 176,735,000 and more

than 80% are farmers. There are many different languages but the language they all understand is Bahasa Indonesia.

The soil in Indonesia is rich and fertile so it is good for farming and gardening. There is abundant forest and there are also mines.

Malaysia

Malaysia has thirteen states, which are like provinces. These are united together under a national government, but each state is independent. The capital is Kuala Lumpur.

The population of Malaysia is 15,909,000 and includes the original people, Chinese, Malay, Indian, Pakistani, and also Filipinos.


Brunei Nan Brunei et nawayaan isdin

Enero 1984 isnan nangitoltolayan di British ken daida menlogi isdin 1888. Isnan island nan Borneo nan kad-an di Brunei. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw ay

Singapore

wada isdi et 162,000. Bandar Seri Begawan nan capitalna.

Nan Singapore et siudad ay naliliwes is danom isnan odon di abagatan nan Malay Peninsula. 4 Nan sigod et naitatapi id Malaysia engganay nawayaan isdin Agosto 9, 1965. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 2,628,000.

Natkenatken nan ipogaw id

Singapore. Waay 75% nan Insik ya nan tap-ina et Malay, Indonesian, Filipino, Indian, Pakistani ya iyEurope. Nan ad-ado ay ikalkalida et Mandarin, Malay ya English. Ikalida gedan nan tap-in di kalin di Insik ya nan kali ay Tamil.

India Nan India et isangadom ay

nasyon. Nagon-odna nan wayawayana isnan Britain isdin 1947. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 735,558,000 isonga napoposekda ya adoado ken daida nan kodo thy maid osto is oblada. Nan capitalna et New Delhi ya nan kalida et Hindi.

Nan amyanan di India et siya nan

makwani en Hindustan. Isna nan maloweb ay lotana et siya nan kad-an di paypayew ya om-a. Isnan pagpagna et wada nan layon, leopard, tire, elepanti ya nan kaeegyat ay oweg ay makwani en cobra. Isnan bilbilig et siya abes nan kad-an nan pagminasan.

Mensama nan napateg ay oblada. Ngem gapo thy ado nan ipogaw isdi

Brunei

Brunei gained independence in January The population is 162,000. The capital is Bandar

1984 from the British who had governed them Seri Begawan.

since 1888. Brunei is part of the island of Borneo. Singapore

Singapore is a city surrounded by water located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. It was formerly a part of Malaysia until it gained independence on August 9, 1965. The population is 2,628,000.

There are many different nationalities in

Singapore. Perhaps 75% are Chinese and the rest are Malay, Indonesian, Filipino, Indian, Pakistani and European. The major languages are Mandarin, Malay, and English. They also speak other Chinese languages and the Tamil language.

India

India is an old country. It gained independence from Britain in 1947. The population is 735,558,000 so it is very crowded and many are poor because they have no permanent

work. New Delhi is the capital and Hindi is the language.

The northern part of India is called Hindustan. The land is fertile and the rice fields and gardens are located there. In the forest there

4Nan peninsula et nan daga ay naliliwes is danom By tole nan bengetna.

16


masapol ay lomako nan India is makan isnan tap-in di it-ili tay adi omanay nan esekda is kanenda.

Pakistan Nan kayat ay kanan nan Pakistan ogalida tay Muslimda. Nan kaad-adon

et "Land of the Pure". Mabilig ya di ipogaw isdi et 94,424,000 ya nan mapagpag na ay iii. ostoy kalida et Urdu. Nan capital nan

Nan iPakistan et ib-ada nan Pakistan et Islamabad . iyIndia ngem taken nan pammati ya

Bangladesh Nan Bangladesh et isnan sigod ay

sakop di East Pakistan ngem isdin 1971 dat maisiyan. Pilmi ay naposek tay 92,000,000 nan ipogaw isdi. Nan capitalna et Dacca ya nan ostoy kalida et Bengali.

Ado nan gawis ay paypayewda isnan ananwa ay bengbenget nan

Ginawang ay Ganges ya Brahamaputra. Waay 80% isnan ipogaw isdi et mensamsama. Napateg gedan isdi nan obla ay mensidok.

Nan kaadowan ay magapo isdi et nan esek ay makwani en jute ay masapsapo is sako.

Nepal Nan Nepal et banban-eg ay

nasyon et nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 16,261,000. Epat nan sakopna ya natkenatken nan kangatoda isnan baybay isonga natkenatken abes nan

pons ya tedekda. Nan mentotolay id Nepal et ali Nan capital nan Nepal et Kathmandu.

Id Nepal nan kad-an nan kangatowan ay bilig isnan batawa ay

are lions, leopards, tigers, elephants and cobra food from other countries since their crops are not snakes. There are also mines in the mountains. enough to supply their food.

Farming is the major occupation. But, because there are so many people India must buy

Pakistan

Pure". The country is mountainous and forested.

The meaning of Pakistan is "Land of the different as they are Muslims. The population is 94,424,000 and the major language is Urdu.

The Pakistani people are similar to the Islamabad is the capital. Indian people but their religion and customs are

Bangladesh

Bangladesh was formerly part of East Pakistan but in 1971 it was separated. It is densely populated since there are 92,000,000 people there. The capital is Dacca and the major language is Bengali.

There are many fertile rice fields along the

Ganges and Brahamaputra rivers. Perhaps 80% of the people there are farmers. Fishing is also an important occupation.

The major product for export is jute which is used to make sacks

Nepal

Nepal is a small country but with a population of 16,261,000. It has four sections and they vary in elevation beginning from sea level, so

the sections also vary in temperature. Nepal is ruled by a king. Kathmandu is the capital.

Mt. Everest is in Nepal and is the highest


nan Mount Everest ay 9,000 ay metros nan kaat-atakdagna. Wada na isnan

17

makwani an Bilbilig ay Himalaya isnan betaay di Nepal ya China.

Bhutan Nan Bhutan et banban-eg ay

nasyon mo nan Nepal. Nadodontog ya adoado nan bilbilig id isdi Nan kaad-adon di ipogawna et 1,462,000. All gedan nan mentolay ken daida ya nan capitalna et Thimphu.

Kaadowan isnan iBhutan et mensamsamada ya kaadowan abes ay wada isnan kabilbiligan et mentaltalakenda is bakbaka ya nan makwani en yak ay kaneg baka ay anando nan dotdotna.

Th ailand Id sangadom et Siam nan ngadan

di Thailand Nan kayat ay kanan nan Thailand et "Land of the Free". Nan kaad-adon nan ipogawna et 55,000,000. Nan capitalna et Bangkok.

Nan amyanan et mapagpag dapay Myanmar

abes nan gawana et maloweb ay gawis is masama ya maom-a. Nan kaiw ay makwani en teak et siya nan kaiwda isnan pagpag ya ilakoda pay isnan tap-in di it-ili.

Id kasin et Burma nan ngadan di Myanmar. Nan Myanmar et liniliwes nan Thailand, India, ya China. Nan kaad-adon di ipogawna et 39,145,000. Nan amyanan nan Myanmar et bilbilig ya mapagpag. Nan kaiwda et nan

makwani en teak ya wada gedan nan minas isdi. Nan abagatan di Myanmar et maloweb nan lotana. Nan Myanmar nan makwani en agamang nan batawa tay adoado nan pageyda. Nan capital nan Myanmar et Yangon.

mountain in the world with an elevation of 9,000 meters. It is part of the Himalaya Mountains which are between Nepal and China.

Bhutan

Bhutan is a smaller country than Nepal. It has many mountains and hills. The population is 1,462,000. It is also ruled by a king and the capital is Thimphu.

Many of the people of Bhutan are farmers

and many of them living in the high mountainous areas herd cattle and yak, which are similiar to cows but with long hair.

Thailand

Siam was the former name of Thailand. while the center part is fertile land that is good

Thailand means "Land of the Free". The for farming and gardening. In the forest are trees

population is 55,000,000. The capital is Bangkok. called teak whose wood is sold to other countries. The northern part of Thailand is forested

Myanmar

Before Myanmar was named Burma. mines there. The south of Myanmar has fertile

Myanmar is surrounded by Thailand, India, and soil. Myanmar is called the granary of the world

China and has a population of 39,145,000. The because it has an abundance of rice. Yangon is the

northern part of Myanmar is mountainous and capital of Myanmar. forested. The trees are teak and there are also


Vietnam Nan Vietnam et ilin di

communista. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 55,000,000. Nan 74% ken daida et men-ilida isnan kabilbiligan. Nan capitalna et Hanoi.

Nan sigod et nagegedwa nan Vietnam tay id kasin wada nan North

Ramp Nan sigod ay ngadan di

Kampuchea et Cambodia. Mapagpag nan 75% nan Kampuchea. Nan kapatgan ay oblan nan ipogaw isdi et menlaglagadi is tabla, mensidsidok ya

Vietnam ya South Vietnam Nan North Vietnam nan communista ngem nan South Vietnam et baken. Nabayag ay nin-gobgobatda engganay nangabak nan North Vietnam daet maesang et nan Vietnam et mentolay nan communista ken daida am-in.

uchea mensamsama. Nan kaad-adon di ipogawna et 61,357,000. Nan capitalna et Phnom Penh ya nan ipogaw isdi et Khmer nan pangwanida ken daida.

Laos Mabilig ya mapagpag nan Laos ya

menpoos ay ili. Maloweb nan Iota isdi ya wada nan napateg ay mabalin ay maminas. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 4,115,000. Nan capital nan Laos et Vientiane.

Babanan-eg nan paypayew isdi tay mabilig. Adoado nan elepanti isdi isonga kananda en ilin di 1,000,000 ay elepanti.

Vietnam

Vietnam is a communist country. The population is 55,000,000 and 74% live in the mountainous areas. The capital is Hanoi.

Formerly, Vietnam was divided into North Vietnam and South Vietnam. North Vietnam was

Kampuchea

communist but not South Vietnam. After a long time of continuous war, North Vietnam defeated South Vietnam and now the communists rule all the country.

The former name of Kampuchea was Cambodia. The population is 61,357,000. 75% of the country is forested. The main occupations are

lumbering, fishing and fanning. The capital is Phnom Penh and the people are called Khmer.

Laos

Laos is a hot country with mountains and forests. The soil there is fertile and there are some valuable minerals which could be mined. The population is 4,115,000 and the capital is Vientiane.

Laos is very mountainous so the fields for planting rice are small. There are many elephants in Laos which is why they call it the country of one million elephants.


Australia Australia nan esa ay kadakkelan

ay ili ay wada isnan naay mapa. Ngem siya nan kababan-egan ay continent isnan batawa. Olay no nalawalawa nan Australia, nan kaadowan ay nin-iliyan nan kaipoipogaw et isnan sagsag-en ya bengbenget di baybay tay menpololoos ya nanakgang nan gawan di ili Nan sigod ay omili id Australia

et nan makwani en Aborigines et daida nan inmili isnan gawana et alistoda ay men-anap is kanenda isnan deey ay dadama ay naaango ay daga.

Nan kaadowan ay sangaili id Australia et nagapoda id Europe. Nan kalida isdi et English. Nan capital di Australia et Canberra.

New Nan kaasag-enan isnan Australia

et New Guinea. Isnan laodna et wada nan Irian Jaya ngem nasakop nan Indonesia. Isnan pay abes makindaya

Guinea et nan nawaya ay ili ay Papua New Guinea. Nan capital nan Papua New Guinea et Port Moresby.

Mendinemang nan mapan nan continent di Asia, Europe ya amyanan di Africa. Adoado ay nasyon ya natkenatken ay ipogaw nan mutates is dadi.

Australia

Australia is the largest country on this map, but it is the smallest continent in the world. Even though it's large, most of the people live along the coast close to the sea because it's very hot and dry in the interior of the country. The original inhabitants of Australia are called Aborigines, and

they live in the interior. They are skilled at hunting for food in this very dry land.

Most of the people living in Australia are the who, long ago, left their homes in Europe to live in Australia. English is their language and the capital is Canberra.

New Guinea

The country near Australia is New Guinea. Man Jaya is on the western side and is governed by Indonesia. The eastern part is the independent country of Papua New Guinea. The capital of Papua New Guinea is Port Moresby.

The double map on the next page includes the continents of Asia and Europe and northern Africa. There are many countries and different people living there.

24 22

0

8 Berlin 19 Bonn

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25 APGRAN/STAN 26 OMAN 27 KUWAIT 28 QATAR 29 PORTUGAL

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IRAN

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SAUDI ARABIA

PRANGE1.1 8 C) Paris 13

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Indian Ocean


Europe and North Africa

1 ISRAEL 17 C2ECHOSLOVAICIA 2 JORDAN 18 GERMANY 3 SYRIA 19 POLAND 4 IRAQ 20 ENGLAND 5 LEBANON 21 IRELAND 6 N. YEMEN 22 NORWAY 7 9. YEMEN 23 SWEDEN 8 ITALY 24 PINLAND 9 GREECE 10 SWITZERLAND 11 AUSTRIA 12 PAKISTAN 13 YUGOSLAVIA 14 BULGARIA 15 ROMANIA 16 HUNGARY

These are some of the countries that were part of the former USSR: Armenia Azerbaidzhan Estonia Georgia Latvia Lithuania Moldavia Russia Ukraine White Russia

Leningrad

e Moscow

Asia IMP

36 MYANMAR (BURMA) 37 BANGLADESH 38 NEPAL 39 SRI LANKA 40 BHUTAN

30 NORTH KOREA 31 SOUTH KOREA 32 VIETNAM 33 LAOS 34 KAMPUCHEA 35 THAILAND

Hanoi

Kilometers

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K Ulaanbaatar `t. MONGOLIA / Beijing

1_ Islamabad

JAPAN

Tokyo

12

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Calcutta INDIA

aipei TAIWAN

ngkong Pacific Ocean

etiManila PILIPINAS 4) Yangon (Rangoon)

411kz 8 Indian Ocean I?

CHINA

Nan Mttipanggep nan Batawa 21


Russia Nan Russia et siya nan namaid nan USSR issan 1991. Nan

kaanawaan ya kadakkelan ay ili isnan kaad-adon di ipogaw id Russia et batawa. Id kasin et maitapi isnan 137,551,000. Nan capitalna et United Soviet Socialist Republic ngem Moscow.

Nan People's Republic Di China Nan China et esay dakkel ay

nasyon ay itoltolayan di communista ninlogi isdin 1949. Nan kaad-adon nan ipogaw et omey ay 1,000,000,000. Nan capital di People's Republic di China et Beijing.

Nan kaadowan ay magapowan nan

sipingda et isnan men-om-aanda, mensamaanda ya abes nan pagminminasanda et nan bilbiligda. Nan lopot ay nangina ya mensileng ay makwani en sida et magapo id China et ilaklakoda isnan natkenatken ay nasyon.

Taiwan Nan ngadan nan Taiwan id kasin

et Formosa ay nan kayatna ay kanan et 'Beautiful". Jana nan Republic di China. Nan kaad-adon nan ipogaw isdi et 19,538,000 ay maitapi nan inmey

isdi ay 1.inmak-aan isdin 1949. Nan capitalna et Taipei.

Kaadowan nan ipogaw isdi et mensamsama ya abes kokwada nan samsamaenda. Wada abes nan minminasda isnan bilbiligda.

Russia

Russia is the largest country in the world in land area. It used to be part of the United Soviet Socialist Republic but in 1991 the USSR was

dissolved. The population of Russia is 137,551,000. The capital is Moscow.

The People's Rep tithe of China

China is another large country. The population is about 1,000,000,000 and the government has been communist since 1949. The capital city of The People's Republic of China is Beijing.

The main source of income is gardening and farming. In the mountains there are mines. An expensive cloth called silk comes from China and is sold to other countries in the world.

Taiwan

The former name of Taiwan was Formosa which means "Beautiful". This is now the Republic of China. The population is 19,538,000 including those who left China in 1949. The capital is Taipei.

Most of the people there are farmers and they own the land they farm. There are also mines in the mountains.


Hongkong Isnan abagatan isnan benget di

People's Republic di China nan kad-an di Hongkong. Nan kayat ay kanan nan Hongkong et "Fragrant Harbor". Id wani nan mentoltolay id Hongkong et nan British ngem nan tolagan et is 1997 isoblida isnan China.

Wada nan tolo ay sakopna ay nan makwani en Kowloon Peninsula, nan island di mismon di Hongkong ya nan New Territories. Nan kaad-adon di

ipogaw et 4,790,000 ay maitapi nan kinmaan id China ay inmey nintee

Isnan ipogaw id Hongkong et 98% nan Insik ya Cantonese nan kalida.

Nan capital di Hongkong et id Victoria ay kad-an nan bangkon di natkenatken ay nasyon. Kaadowan nan ipogaw isdi et mensapsapo is loplopot ya badbado ay ilaklakoda isnan nateketeken ay nasyon.

Korea Nan Korea et dap ay naliliwes is

danom nan tolo ay bengetna isnan makindayan di Asia. Nagedwa nan Korea is doway iii. Daida nan North Korea ay itoltolayan di communists ya nan South Korea ay baken communista. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw id South Korea et 45,107,000 dapay abes id North Korea et 22,606,000.

Mensamsama nan kaadowan ay oblan di ipogaw id South Korea. Nan esang abes ay oblada et mensapsapo is sida. Id North Korea et ananwa gedan nan pagpagda ya nan bilbiligna et siya nan pagminasan.

Nan capital di North Korea et Pyongyang ya nan South Korea et Seoul.

Hongkong

Hongkong is located on the Southern edge 4,790,000, which includes those who left China

of the People's Republic of China and is governed and went to live there. 98% of the people in

by the British. The plan is in 1997 the British rule Hongkong are Chinese and Cantonese is their

will end and Hongkong will return to China, The language.

meaning of Hongkong is "Fragrant Harbor". Victoria is the capital and the banks of many

Hongkong has three areas which are the Kowloon countries are located there which makes

Peninsula, the island of Hongkong and the New Hongkong important. Cloth and clothing is the

Territories. The population of Hongkong is largest industry of Hongkong. Kona

Korea is located on the eastern side of mainland Asia, surrounded on three sides by water. Korea is divided into two countries, North Korea, which is communist, and South Korea, which is non-communist. The population of South Korea is 45 107 000 and of North Korea is 22,606,000.

Farming is the main occupation of the people in South Korea. They also produce silk which ie an expensive cloth. North Korea is forested and there are mines in the mountains.

The capital of North Korea is Pyongyang and of South Korea is Seoul.


Japan Nan Japan nan nasyon id Asia ay

makwani en industrial tay adoado nan nateketeken ay sapsapowenda ay kaneg nan radyo, lilos ya nan tap-ina pay. Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 126,669,000. Nan capital nan Japan et Tokyo.

Nan kaadowan ay oblan di ipogaw isdi et mensamsama. Ngem kolang nan paypayewda isonga adi omanay nan

Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia nan kad-an nan

siudad ay Mecca ay napateg isnan Muslim tay siya nan ilin Mohammed. 5

Nan Muslim id isna Pilipinas et laylaydenda ay om-omey id Mecca tay makwanida et ay Hadji ya mabalin et ay men-osalda is polaw ay bedbed dapay lispitowen nan ib-ada ay Muslim.

Nan Saudi Arabia et nabaknangda is makwani en petroleum ay

magapowan di igas, gasolina ya nan tap-ina pay. Wada pay nan anaanawa ay logal isdi ay naaango ay makwani en desert ay adi makatobo nan esek.

Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isdi et 8,367,000. Nan capital nan Saudi Arabia et Riyadh.

Japan

apitda isonga lomaklakoda is bagas ya nan tap-in di makan isnan tap-in di nasyon.

Nan tapin di oblan nan ipogaw isdi et mensidsidok ya nan lopot ay sida nan esay kaadowan ay magapo gedan ken daida.

Japan is known as the industrial nation of Asia because they make many different products such as radios, watches, etc. The population is 126,669,000. Tokyo is the capital.

Fanning is one of the main occupations. But the harvest in Japan is not enough to feed the

Saudi

Mecca, which is an important city to the Muslims because Mohammed was born there, is located in Saudi Arabia. The Muslims here in the Philippines like to go to Mecca as then they can be called Hadji and wear a white turban and their fellow Muslims respect them.

5 . St Mohammed et nan napateg ay mamadton di Muslim.

people because there are not enough fields, so they buy rice and other foods from other countries.

Another occupation of the people is fishing. A lot of silk cloth also comes from Japan.

Arabia

Saudi Arabia is rich in petroleum from which comes kerosene, gasoline and other products. There is a wide desert area that is dry where plants cannot grow.

The capital of Saudi Arabia is Riyadh and the population is 8,367,000.


Europe Isnan mapa et wada nan continent

ay Europe. Nan tap-in di ill id Europe at Spain, France, Great Britain, Germany, Greece ya Italy. Id Italy nan kad-an nan kapatgan ay siudad ay Roma ay kad-an di Pope ay

kangatowan ay apon di am-in ay ICatoliko. Ado nan om-omey id Roma to mabindisyonanda isnan Pope. Nan kadakkelan ay simbaan isnan batawa ay nan Basilica ay St. Peter et wada isdi.

Europe

The continent of Europe is also on the map. Some of the countries in Europe are Spain, France, Great Britain, Germany, Greece and Italy. Italy is the location of the important city,

Rome, where the Pope, the leader of all Catholics, lives. Many people go to Rome to be blessed by the Pope. The Basilica of St. Peter, the largest church in the world, is there.

H)ZAMBIQUE ZIMBABWE SWAZILAND BOTSWANA LESOTHO Indian Ocean


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Africa Isnan naay mapa et maila nan

dakkel ay continent ay Africa ay sigod ay naknakwani en "The Dark Continent".

Nan linya isnan mapa ay naitotongo isnan (0) zero degree et siya nan mangipaila isnan kad-an di makwani en equator. Nan isnan amyanan di equator et daida nan makwani en Northern Hemisphere dat isnan abagatan et daida abes nan Southern Hemisphere. Wadada nan il-ili id Africa ay naisasag-en isnan equator isonga menpoos ya mentedek isdi ay kaneg nan Pilipinas. Nan it-ili ay naisasag-en isnan equator et daida

nan mangsasagang isnan agew isonga menpoos ya ado nan odan ken daida.

Wada abes nan daga id Africa ay pilmi ay maaango ay makwani en Sahara Desert ay kadakkelan ay desert isnan batawa. Maid makatobo isnan desert thy sagpaminsan ay omodan. Nan Sahara Desert et nasakop nan Algeria, Libya ya Egypt. Nan menkatagon nan tolo ay ili ay naayda et menpaspastol ya nan petroleum ay wada ken daida.

Nan abes kaandowan ay ginawang isnan batawa et nan Ginawang ay Nile ay wada id Africa.

Africa

On this map is located the large continent of Africa, formerly called "The Dark Continent".

The line on the map that is in-line with 0 degrees shows the location of the equator. The countries that are north of the equator are in the Northern Hemisphere and those south are in the Southern Hemisphere. There are countries in Africa that are near the equator so their climate is like that of the Philippines. The countries that

are near the equator face the sun so they are warm and have heavy rainfall.

The Sahara Desert, the largest desert in the world, is located in Africa and is very dry. No plants can grow in such land for it seldom rains. The Sahara Desert is in the countries of Algeria, Libya and Egypt. Livelihood in these three countries comes from herding and petroleum.

The longest river, which is the Nile River, is in Africa.

28 Nan Maipanggep nen Batawa


America No magapo tako id Europe ya

Africa datakot gomdang isnan Baybay ay Atlantic et omdan tako id America. Nan damo ay nanggedang isnan naay baybay ay inomdan id America et din si Leif Ericson ngem egay inkaskason nan ipogaw id Europe nan panggep nan naay.

Mabaybayag pay dat abes gedangen Christopher Columbus nan Baybay ay Atlantic isdin 1492 et omdan isnan dagan di Hispaniola ay id wani et makwani en Dominican Republic.

Dowa nan continent isdi ay makwani en North ya South America. Nan Americano ay getken tako id isna Pilipinas et nan ilida et nan United States isnan North America,

Nan dakkel ay daga isnan mapa et nan makwani en North America. Polo

ay nasyon isdi et daida nan Canada, nan United States ya Mexico.

Id kasin et nan United States ya nan Canada et itoltolayan nan alin di Britain daida ngem isdin 1776 dat ilaban nan United States nan wayawayada. Nan Canada et egayda nakilaban ngem id wani et sin-gayyem nan iCanada ya nan iyUnited States.

Canada nan maikadwa ay kadakkelan ay ili isnan batawa. Kedkedeng nan Russia is dakdak-e mo nan Canada. Nan Canada nan kad-an nan kaandowan ay benget di baybay isnan batawa. Kaadowan isnan dagan nan Canada et mabayag nan pinagtedek tay naiyaddawida isnan equator. Nan capitalna et nan Ottawa isnan probinsiyan di Ontario. English nan kalida ngem wadada nan menkali is French gedan tay nan damo ay nintee isdi et nagapo id France.

America

If we start in Europe or Africa and cross the Atlantic Ocean, we arrive in America. The first one to cross the ocean and reach America was Leif Ericson, but the people of Europe did not pay any attention to this.

After some time, in 1492, Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Ocean and reached the land of Hispaniola now called the Dominican Republic.

There are two continents which are North and South America. The Americans we know here in the Philippines are from the United States in North America.

The large land on the map is North America. There are three countries: Canada, The United States and Mexico.

Long ago the United States and Canada were ruled by the king of Britain; but in 1776 the United States fought for freedom. Even though Canada did not join in the fight, the people of Canada and the United States are friends.

Canada is the second largest country in the world. Only Russia is larger than Canada. Canada has one of the longest coastlines in the world. Many parts of Canada have a long cold season because they are far from the equator. The capital is Ottawa, in the province of Ontario. English is the main language, but there are some who speak French because the first settlers came from France.

There are fifty areas called states that make up the United States. The largest state is Alaska

30

Limampoo ay it-ili ay makwani en states nan mangbokel isnan United States. Nan kadakkelan ay state et id Alaska ya nan kaban-egan et Rhode Island. Nan kangatowan ay bilig nan United States et nan Bilig ay McKinley ay 6,194 ay metro nan kaat-atakdagna. Nan capitalna et Washington D.0 ya isdi nan mentetean nan presidenti. Europe nan nagapowan nan kap-owan di kaadowan ay iyUnited States. Ado ay kali nan kalin di kap-owanda ngem

Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa id wani et English nan kapatgan ay kalida.

Mexico nan maikatlo ay Ili isnan North America. Id kasin et intolayan di Espanyol daida ay kaneg gedan din nintolayanda isnan Filipinas. bean deey ay timpo et wada nan bapol di Espanyol ay magapgapo id Mexico ay omali isnan Filipinas isonga nan ballogo tako et nagapo id Mexico ya nan manggada abes et nagapo isnan Filipinas. Mexico City nan capitalna ya Espanyol nan kapatgan ay kalida.

and the smallest is Rhode Island. The highest mountain in the United States is Mt. McKinley, which is 6,194 meters in height. The capital is Washington D.C., where the president lives. The ancestors of many of the people in the United States originally came from Europe. Their ancestors spoke many different languages, but now English is the main language.

Mexico is the third country in North America. Long-ago the Spanish ruled just as they ruled the Philippines. During that time there were Spanish ships that went from Mexico to the Philippines, thus our corn originated from Mexico and their mangoes originated from the Philippines. Mexico City is the capital of Mexico, and Spanish is the main language.

Nan Maipanggep win Batawa 31

Central and South America

A ITI

DOMINICAN MIMIC C)--PUERTO nco

1 BELIZE 2 GUATEMALA 4 NICARAGUA 5 COSTA RICA 6 PANAMA 7 COLOMBIA 8 ECUADOR 9 CHILE 10 URUGUAY 11 PARAGUAY 12 BOLIVIA 13 VENEZUELA 14 GUYANA 13 SURINAM 16 PREECE GUIANA

Pacific Ocean s Aires

Atlantic Ocean

1500 3000 r

Kilometers


Nan Maipanggep nan Batawa Nan betaay di North America ya

nan South America et siya nan makwani en Central America. Nan

isnan Central America et nan Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rico ya Panama.

Isnan Panama et wada nan dakkel ay ketang ay sinapon di Americano id kasin ay mendaanan di bapol ay diletso ay omey isnan baybay ay Pacific ay magapo isnan baybay ay Atlantic. Isnan egay nasapowan nan ketang di Panama addaaddawi nan madaan tay masapol ay menliwes nan bapol id South America no magapoda isnan Baybay ay Atlantic ay menpaey isnan Baybay ay Pacific.

Nan dakkel ay daga isnan gowab di mapa et nan South America. Ado nan isnan South America. Nan kadakkelan et nan Brazil. Nan kalida isdi et Portuguese ngem ado gedan nan tap-in di kalin di ipogaw ay

33

mentetee isnan pagpag isnan sag-en nan dakkel ay Ginawang ay Amazon. Siya na nan maikadwa ay kaandowan ay ginawang isnan batawa.

Nan tap-in di it-ili ay nan Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay ya Argentina et Espanyol nan kalin di kaadowan ay ipogaw is dadi. Kanegda datako id isna Pilipinas thy nan damo ay iyEurope ay inmey ken daida et nan Espanyol. Nan ipogaw is dana et intolayan nan Espanyol ngem isnan nabayag dadat labanen nan Espanyol et wasdinda et nawaya. Wada nan tolo gedan ay ili isdi ay nan Guyana, Suriname ya French Guiana ngem baken Espanyol nan kalida.

Nan kapatgan ay nang-itakdeg ken daida id South America et si Simon Bolivar. Siya nan esa ay nang-ipangolo isonga nangabakda isnan nanglabananda isnan Espanyol.

The narrow land between South America and North America is Central America. The countries of Central America are Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama.

In Panama there is a large canal built by the Americans a long time ago where ships can pass directly from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Before the Panama Canal was built, the ships had to go around South America when they went from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and it was very far.

The large land at the bottom of the map is South America. There are many countries there. The largest is Brazil. Their language is Portuguese, but there are many other languages spoken by people living in the forest near the

Amazon River. This is the second longest river in the world.

The other countries in South America are Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. Spanish is the language of most of the people. The first people from Europe to go South America were the Spanish, as here in the Philippines. The people were ruled by the Spanish, but after a long time, they fought them and each country became independent. There are three countries, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana, whose language is not Spanish.

A famous person who represented the people in South America was Simon Bolivar. He was one of their leaders when they fought and won against the Spanish.


Nan Mapan di Batawa Nan naay mapa et siya nan mapan

di am-in ay it-ili isnan batawa. Nan batawa et dakedake. No pasyalen tako nan batawa et 40,000 ay kilometro nan kaan-andon di mabiyahi.

Wada nan enem ay makwani en continent isnan batawa. Daida nan Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, South America ya Europe. Nan Filipinas et wada isnan continent di Asia.

Nan baybay et an-anawa nw nen dap isnan batawa. Epat nan kadakkelan ay baybay isnan batawa et daida nan Baybay ay Arctic, Baybay ay Atlantic, Baybay ay Pacific ya nan Baybay ay Indian.

Nan kaad-adon di ipogaw isnan batawa isdin 1980 et omey ay 4,332,000,000.

Map of the World

This map is the map of all the countries in the world. The world is very large. If we would travel around the world, we would travel 40,000 kilometers.

There are six continents in the world. They are Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, South America and Europe. The Philippines is in the continent of Asia.

The sea is broader than the land area on earth. The four largest oceans in the world are the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean.

The population in the world in 1980 was 4,992,000,000.

36



NAN MAIPANGGEP EWAN BATAWA TARO Nan Manggetkan Tako ay Nabobolin Nan Batawa

Id sangadom et ipagalop nan ipogaw en nan batawa et kaneg palato. Nan wads isnan nemnemda et no mendaan nan ipogaw isnan bengetna et maekdagda, ngem getken tako id wani ay nan batawa et nabobolin ay kaneg bola.

Nan damo ay nanggetkan tab en nabobolin nan batawa et isdin nangliwesan da Ferdinand Magellan isnan batawa. Ninlobwatda id Spain et idaanda isnan Baybay ay Atlantic et inliwesda id South America dat omey isnan Baybay ay Pacific esadapay omdan isnan Pilipinas. Ngem idi inomdanda id Mactan dat pateyen

Lapulapu ay datu id Cebu si Magellan. flat kayet itoloy nan iib-an Magellan et idaanda isnan Baybay ay Indian dadat omdan kasin isnan Baybay ay Atlantic et somagongda id Spain.

Siya di nan nangtekan di ipogaw en nabobolin nan batawa tay mabalin ay menbibiyahi isnan makinlaod dat omanono et datngana kasin nan log-al ay ninlobwatana.

Nan ninlogan isnan makwani en rocket ay inmey isnan bowan isdin Disyembre 1968 et inosdonganda nan batawa et kananda en kaneg dakedake ay bola nan ilana.

How we Know that the World Is Round

Long ago the people thought the world was like a plate so, they said, if a person walked to the edge he would fall off, but now we know that the world is round like a ball.

We learned the world was round when Ferdinand Magellan and his crew sailed around the world. They started from Spain, sailed the Atlantic Ocean and around South America to the Pacific Ocean before they reached the Philippines. But when they reached Mactan in the Philippines, Lapulapu, the chief of Cebu, killed Magellan. The crew of Magellan continued on, sailed the Indian

Ocean, reached the Atlantic Ocean and returned to Spain.

That is bow the people knew the world was round, because it was possible to travel from the west and eventually arrive again at the starting place.

Those who rode in the rocket that went to the moon in December 1968 looked down and saw the world and they said it looked like a very large ball.


110' Mount Everest

Mount Ararat

Kaadaem di baybay


Nan Kaat-atakdag nan Bilblibig ya nan Baad -adaem nan Baybay Nan kaatakdagan ay bilig id isna

Pilipinas et nan Mount Apo id Davao. Nan pay abes kaatakdagan ay bilig isnan batawa et nan Mount Everest id Nepal. Isnan naay liklato et maila nan kaatakdag nan Mount Apo isnan kaat-atakdag nan Mount Everest. Nan Mount Everest et 9,000 ay metro nan kaat-atakdagna dapay nan Mount Apo et 3,000 ay metro et kedeng.

Atakdag gedan nan Mount Ararat id Turkey. Nan kaatakdagna et 6,000

ay metro. Id Mount Ararat nan sinmaldengan nan bapol Noah isdin naatikan di danom isdin napsongan nan batawa.

Wadada nan nanglokod isnan kaad-adaem nan kaadaeman di baybay. Nan Philippine Trench ay asag-en isnan Pilipmea et 10,539 ay metro. Maila tako ay wada nan ad-adaem pay gayam isnan baybay mo nan kaatakdagan ay bilig.

The . Height of the Mountains and the Depth of the Seas

The highest mountain in the Philippines is Mt. Apo in Davao. The highest mountain in the world is Mt. Everest in Nepal. In this picture the height of Mt. Apo is compared to the height of Mt. Everest. Mt. Everest is 9,000 meters and Mt. Apo is only 3,000 meters.

Mt. Ararat in Turkey is also high. It's height is 6,000 meters. Mt. Ararat is where the ark of

Noah stopped when the water subsided when the world was flooded.

There were those who have measured the deepest part of the sea. The Philippine Trench, which is near the Philippines, measured 10,539 meters We can see there are even deeper seas than the highest mountain is high.


Natkenatken nan Pow ya Tedek isnan Railiitt titan Batawa. Maila isnan naay mapa ay

wadada nan ili ay kanayon ay mentedek. Wadada abes nan ili ay kanayon ay menpoos ay kaneg nan Pilipinas. Wadada gedan nan ili ay mensinsinokat nan poos ya tedek.

Nan ikakan di bab-aey gedan et natkenatken isnan wasdin ili. Nan Eskimo id North America et nan makwani en snow nan isapoda is

baeyda isnan pinagtedek thy maid kak-aiw isdi gapo isnan pilmi ay tedek. Nan baey ay snow et siya nan makwani en igloo. Isnan timpo ay mangagew et malonag nan baeyda ngem baleen naligat ken daida tay nalaka nan kasinda somapowan is baey no kasin tomedek. Isnan pomoosana ay mangagew et kodil di animal nan sapowenda is bawida.

The Different Climates in the World

This map shows there are countries that are always cold. Them are also countries that are always hot like the Philippines. There are also countries that have both hot and cold climates.

The houses in each country are also different. The Eskimos in North America make their houses out of snow during the cold season

since there are no trees because of the very cold climate. A snow house is called an igloo. During the warm season the houses melt, but it is not a hardship for the people because they can easily make another one when it gets cold again. During warm season when there is sunshine they make temporary houses out of animal skins.


Nan mentetee isnan kanayon ay menpoos et baken palipaliso gedan nan bab-aeyda. Mafia Tana nan inatep ay baey di Igorot ya nan baey di Tausug id Mindanao ay wada isnan benget di baybay.

Those living in warm climates do not have Igorot house and a Tausug house on the coast of

the same kind of houses. Pictured here are an Mindanao.


Id Malaysia et nan ipogaw ay makwani en Sakai et isnan atakdag ay kak-aiw nan kad-an di bab-aeyda.

Id Peru isnan South America ay sag-en di Ginawang ay Amazon et aped bawl nan saadenda ay baeyda tay kanayon ay meripoos dapay maid lemlem isdi.

In Malaysia, the Sakai people build their houses in tall trees.

In Peru, South America, near the Amazon River, they build temporary houses because it is always warm and there are no typhoons them.


Id Africa wadada nan baban-eg ay ipogaw ay makwani en Pygmy. Bawi gedan nan baeyda dadat atepan is ananwa ay tobon di kaiw.

Wadada gedan id Africa nan mangsaad is baeyda ay kaneg nan inatep ay baey.

. In Africa there are very small people called Pygmies. Their houses are also temporary, with roofs made from wide leaves of trees

There are people in Africa who build houses similiar to an Igorot house.


Id United States ya id Canada et masapol ay makneg nan bab-aeyda wada nan sakopna ay pilmi nan pool tapno nalaka ay papoosenda isnan ya wada abes nan sakopna ay pilmi pinagtedek. nan tedek. Gapo isnan naay et

In the United States and Canada there are sturdy so they can be easily heated during cold

regions that are very warm and regions that are season. very cold. Because of this, the houses must be


Wadada gedan nan North American Indian id United States et taken abes nan bab-aeyda. Nan makwani en Navajo Indian et kaiw ya

Iota nan isaadda is baeyda. Nan atep ya diding nan baeyda et mensede tay wada nan timpo ay pilmi nan tedek.

There are also North American Indians in their houses. The roof and walls of their houses

the United States and they have different houses. are thick because there are times when it is very

The Navajo Indians use wood and dirt to build cold.


Nan pay abes makwani en Pueblo naisapo isonga maknemakneg nan

Indian et nan sapowenda is baeyda et bab-aeyda. nan makwani en brick ay pitek nan

The Pueblo Indians build their houses out of bricks made of mud, so their houses are very sturdy.

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Isnan dadadakke ay siudad et wadada nan dadakke ya atakdag ay bab-aey. Nan naayda ay baey et siminto ya landok nan nasapo. Wadada

nan opisina, tindaan ya nan mentetean di ipogaw gedan. Ado nan kaneg tona ay bab-aey id Makati isnan Pilipinas.

In large cities there are large, tall buildings. These buildings are made of cement and iron. There are offices, stores and dwellings. There are

many buildings like this in Maksti in the Philippines.


Nan !Satan Tako

Nan Maipanggep Nan Science Nan mail-ila isnan daya ay kanan

tako en agew et isnan kinatet-swan et talaw. Nan talaw et dakedake ay apoy ay nabobolin id daya ya nan menpoos ay apoyna nan mangpasisilang. Gapo thy nan agew nan kedkedeng ay talaw ay naisasag-en isnan batawa isonga kaneg bola nan ilana. Am-in nan tap-in di talaw et addawida isonga kanegda aped menkimkimbit ay silaw.

Olay no nan agew nan talaw ay

kaaasag-enan isnan batawa et addaaddawi kayet. Naiyoosto nan kaad-addawina tapno nan poosna et ostoosto ta adi tako maatongan ya ta adi tako komenteg is tedek. Am-in ay maisag-en isnan agew et bomtak wenno malonag.

Nan agew nan mang-ited is pat-a. Maid tomobo wenno matago isnan batawa no maid nan pat-a ya poos di agew.

About Science

The sun that we see in the sky is actually a star. A star is a large, round fire ball and the hot fire makes it shine. Because the sun is the only star near the earth, it looks like a ball. All the other stars are far away so they look like flickering lights.

Even though the sun is the star nearest the

earth, it is still very far away. It is exactly the right distance away so we are not burned by its heat and we will not freeze from the cold. Anything that goes too near the sun either explodes or melts.

The sun gives light. Nothing would grow or live on earth if the sun did not give light and heat.

50 Nan Mai an nan Batawa

Nan Batawa tako

Men-giwgiwed nan Batawa Gapo tay nan batawa ay

mentetean tako et dakedake, adi tako malikna wenno maila nan men-giwgiwedana.

Wada nan tolo ay ikkan nan batawa isnan men-giwgiwedana. Nan omona et kaneg dayet is menpolpoliwekwek. Nan maikadwa et liwesena nan agew. Nan maikatlo et isnan menpolpoliwekwekana ay mangliwes isnan agew et makigiwgiwed gedan isnan agew ya nan tap-in di wada id daya.

Nan esay poliwes nan batawa et esay agew ya esay labi. Kag-aw no nan tean tako et sasagangena nan agew

dapay abes labi no nan tean tako nan mangdodokog isnan agew.

Nan esay menliwesan nan batawa isnan agew et esay tew-en.

Isnan mangliwliwesan nan batawa isnan agew et menpilpiling ay kaneg dayet et siya nan gapo ay nateketeken nan timpo isnan batawa. Tay isnan menpilpilingana et no mamingsan maisag-en nan odona ay kad-an di Northern Hemisphere isnan agew dat pomoos dapay tomedek nan gowabna ay kad-an di Southern Hemisphere. Dat no pay abes nan gowabna nan maisag-en dat siya abes nan pomoos dapay tomedek nan odona.

The Earth Moves

Because the earth we live on is very large, we do not feel or see that it is moving.

The earth is constantly moving in three ways. The first is, it revolves like a top. The second is, it rotates around the sun. The third is, as it spins and revolves around the sun, it is also moving with the sun and the other planets in the sky.

One revolution of the earth makes up one day and one night. It is daytime when the place

we live is facing the sun and it is night when the place we live has it's back to the sun.

One revolution of the earth around the sun takes one year

As the earth revolves around the sun, it slants like a top and this causes the different seasons. As it slants, sometimes the Northern Hemisphere is near the sun and it becomes warm, and the bottom where the Southern Hemisphere is gets cold. And when the bottom is near the sun it becomes warm and the other end becomes cold.


Wada abes nan mang-ipapakod isnan batawa ay adi kaiiin tay no maid nan mang-ipapakod et maiyaddawi nan batawa isnan agew. Nan naay ay mang-ipapakod nan gapo gedan ay adi komak-aan nan bowan ya nan tap-ida isnan menteteanda. Nan ngadan nan naay ay mang-ipapakod et nan makwani en "gravity". Nan gravity et siya nan mang-ipapakod to adi

51 kaekdag nan kompolni isnan batawa. Kaspangaligan, kaneg nan bola ay napalongan is lobid ay no gegen-an di ipogaw danat ipapoliwes isnan ngaton di toktokna et aped menliwliwes ngem adi maekdag nan bola thy gegen-ana nan lobid ay mang-ipapakod isnan bola ay kaneg nan mang-ipapakodan nan gravity isnan batawa.

There is something unseen that holds the earth in place, for if nothing held the earth, it would fall away from the sun. For the same reason the moon and the planets do not move from their places. The name of that which is holding them is "gravity". Gravity is also what holds everything

so nothing can fall from the earth. For example, when a ball attached to a string is twirled over a person's head, the ball just goes around and does not fall, for the string is holding it like gravity holds the earth as it goes around.


Nan Batawa Ya Nan Bowan Maila isnan naay liklato nan

kadakdak-en nan bowan ya nan kanegna isnan batawa ay tean tako.

Nan bowan et menliwes isnan batawa ay maminsan isnan esay bowan.

No ilaen tako nan bowan isnan labi et maila ay kaneg menpapaey isnan laod ngem nan kinatet-ewana et malmallos isnan bangilna ay nan makindaya. Nan gapo ay kaneg om-omey isnan laod et gapo isnan menpolpoliwekwekan nan batawa.

Nan kail-an nan bowan pay et kaneg domakdak-e dat kasin

bomanban-eg. Ngem adi menbalbaliw nan kadakdak-en nan bowan nodi nan kinatet-ewana et baken am-in nan awak di bowan is kanayon ay it-ilaen tako Nan mail-ila tako et kedeng et nan paltina ay mang-ipasagong isnan silaw di agew ken datako. Kanegna nan salming ay no masisilawan dat malinangan gedan nan maisag-en. Mamin epat ay menbalbaliw nan bowan isnan binowan. No am-in nan awak di bowan nan mang-ipasagong isnan silaw di agew et siya nan teke ay makwani en "full moon".

The Earth and the Moon This picture compares the size of the moon

to the earth where we live . The moon circles the earth once a month. When we look at the moon at night, it seems

as though it is going west, but in fact, it is going east The reason it seems to be going towards the west is because of the revolving of the earth.

The moon appears to become larger and

smaller, but in fact the size does not really change, but rather we do not always see the whole body of the moon. All that we see is the part that the light of the sun reflects back to us. It is like when a mirror is illuminated and what is near to it is also lighted up. The moon changes four times every month. If the whole body of the moon reflects the light of the sun it is called "full moon".


Nan Batawa tako

Nan Bowan nan Kaaasag-enan Tenn Batawa Tako Isnan am-in ay wada id daya et Nan kaad-addawin nan bowan

nan bowan nan kaaasag-enan isnan isnan batawa et paliso no liwesen tako batawa ay tean tako. ay maminsimpoo nan batawa.

Bowan

The Moon is Nearest to the Earth

Of all that is in the sky, the moon is the The distance of the moon from the earth is nearest to the world where we live. equal to ten times the distance ground the earth.

Nan Bowan


Nan Batawa 'Falco

Nan Bowan Nan Pfflpinas


Nan Wada Isnan Bowan Nan kail-an nan bowan et kaneg

nabobolin ay menpolaw ya mensilsileng ya nalatelatekan is ngitit. Kaneg maid kalkalombategna no basta iilaen ngem no ilaen isnan makwani en telescope et nakalokalombateg ya nalokalokawan ya wada pay nan tengey ya bilbiligna. Maid pay danom ya dagemna ay masapol di ipogaw isnan men-angesanda ya maid

makatobo tay pilmi ay naaango isonga maid mentetee isdi.

Isnan liklato et maila ay banban-eg nan bowan mo nan batawa tako. No lokoden tako nan kaan-anawan di bowan et kaneg nan doblin nan kaan-andon nan iiitako ay Pilipinas.

What is on the Moon

The moon is round, white and glittering with black spots. It does not appear rugged to look at, but when it is viewed through a telescope it is rugged with holes, cliffs and mountains. It does not have water or air that people need to breathe,

and because it is very dry nothing grows and nothing can live there.

The picture shows that the moon is smaller than the earth. If we measure the width of the moon, it is twice the length of our country, the Philippines.

Nan Batawa take


Malingban di batawa

56

I \\ v"\\\ Bowan Lomaosan di bowel'

Nan Makwani en "Eclipse" No nan esa isnan tap-in di batawa

et lomaos isnan sagang nan esa danat lingban nan pat-an nan agew dat nan nalaosan ay mangsasagang isnan agew et bomolinget. Nan deey ay bomolingetana nan makwani en eclipse.

No nan naay batawa ay kad-an tako nan lomaos isnan betaay di agew ya nan bowan et malingban nan bowan gapo isnan alin-ew nan batawa isonga adi kaila nan bowan. Siya di nan makwani en eclipse di bowan. No mamingsan isnan mangliwesan di

An Eclipse When one planet passes in front of another,

it obscures the light from the sun and it becomes dark. That darkening is called an eclipse.

If the earth where we live passes between

the sun and the moon, the moon is shaded because of the shadow of the earth so the moon cannot be seen. That is called an eclipse of the moon. If while the moon is revolving around the earth there is a


bowan isnan batawa et wada nan maitimpo ay lingbana nan pat-an di agew ay mangsisilaw ken datako daet adi tako maila et nan agew tay

bomolinget. Siya di nan makwani en eclipse di agew. Nan eclipse di agew et siawyan et kedeng daet pomat-a kasin tay itoloy nan bowan ay mallos.

time that it obscures the light of the sun, then we can no longer see the sun because it is obscured. That is what is called an eclipse of the sun. The

eclipse of the sun is for just a short time, then it shines again as the moon continues to move on.


Nan Kadakdak-en Di Agew Isnan Tap-in Di Batawa Ay Makwani En Planeta.


Nan Kadakdak-en Di Agew Isnan Tap-in Di Batawa Ay Makwani En Planet a.

Nan siyam ay mangliwliwes isnan agew et daida nan makwani en planeta. Nan naayda ay planeta et natkenatken nan kadakdak-eda. Nan batawa tako nan esa isnan naayda ay planeta.

Nan agew et dakedake. Olay no mapos-a nan siyam ay planeta et teeteen kayet mo nan agew. No kaytenyo ay getken nan kaneg nan kadakdak-en di agew et nemnemenyo pod nan kaneg nan kadakdak-en nan baey isnan kadakdak-en di koton. Siya di nan kaneg nan kadakdak-en di batawa isnan agew.

Nan kaban-egan isnan am-in ay planeta et nan kaaasag-enan isnan agew ay nan makwani en Mercury. Pilmi ay menpoos isdi.

Nan pay abes planeta ay

kaaadawiyan isnan agew et nan Pluto. Gapo tay addaaddawi isnan agew et pilmi nan tedekna isonga komekenteg am-in ay wada isdi.

Nan Jupiter pay abes nan kadakkelan isnan siyam ay planeta. Kalibolibo nan kadakdak-ena mo nan batawa tako.

Nan kabegewan pay et nan Saturn tay wada nan kanegna singsing ay mangpapabegew isnan ilana.

Nan Venus nan kapat-aan isnan planeta ya kaaasag-enan isnan batawa tako ya paliso nan kadakdak-eda.

Nan pay batawa tako et siya nan maikatlo ay planeta menlogi isnan agew. Ostoosto nan kad-ana tay baken pilmi ay asag-en ta maatongan tako wenno addaaddawi ta matey tako is tedek.

The She of the Sun Compared to the Other Planets.

The nine bodies that revolve around the sun are planets. These planets are different sizes. The earth is one of the planets.

The sun is very large. Even if all the planets were joined together, they would still be smaller than the sun. If you want to know how big the sun is, think of the size of a large house compared to an ant. That is like the size of the earth compared to the sun.

The smallest of all the planets is Mercury and it is closest to the sun. It is very hot there.

The planet that is farthest from the sun is

Pluto. Because of its great distance from the sun, it is very cold so everything on it is frozen.

Jupiter is the largest of the nine planets. It is many thousand times larger than the earth.

The most beautiful planet is Saturn, for it has what looks like a ring that makes it beautiful to see.

Venus is the brightest planet and is closest to the earth and is the same size as the earth.

The earth is the third planet from the sun. The placement is just right because it is not so near that we get burned nor is it so far that we would die of the cold.


Nan Magapowan Di Odan Waay tolo ay pagkap-at isnan

batawa ay than tako et danom. Gawis di tapno kanayon ay wada nan kaneg lengaew ay magapo isnan ginawang, posong ya baybay et siya nan menbalin is liboo. Adi kaila nan lengaew ay naay isnan magapowanda isnan danom enggana ay tomikid dat tomedek et menbalin is liboo.

Nan liboo et mamakkeyda isnan dagem ya no mamingsan pay et itayaw nan dagem ay mang-ipangato isnan kad-an di mentedek ay dagem. Dat isdi

et nan liboo ay nasapo isnan lengaew ay wada nan anat-ik ay danomna et domakdakkel ya domagdagsen gapo isnan tedek nan daya enggana ay adi et maawit nan dagem isonga daet maekdag san anat-ik ay danomna et siya nan kanan tako en odan. Nan danom ay nagapo isnan odan et no pomoos et menbalin kasin is lengaew dat somagong id ngato et menbalin ay liboo kasin. Siya di nan masapsapowan di odan.

Where Rain Originates

About three fourths of the earth where we live is water. This is good because vapor is continually coming from the rivers, lakes and seas and forming clouds. The vapor is invisible when it rises from the water until it goes up high and cools and gathers into a cloud.

Clouds move with the wind and sometimes the wind carries them up where colder wind's are. There, the clouds that were made from vapor and

small amounts of water become larger and heavier because of how cold it is up high and when the wind can no longer carry the clouds and small drops of water fall to the ground, that is what we call rain. When the water that comes from rain warms it becomes vapor again and goes up and forms into a cloud again. This is the rain making cycle.


Nan Gape Ay Mendalalo Wada nan odan ay no maekdag

dat sikpawen nan dagem et kasina ipangato isnan kad-an nan matedtedek kayet ay dagem isonga komenteg. Dat kasin matekdag tay mendagsen dat maitapi nan tap-in di odan ay komenteg dat kasin itayaw nan dagem

ay mang-ipangato. Et no mamin ado ay ikkana na et domakdakdak-e enggana ay adi et maitayaw nan dagem tay mendageen dat maekdag et isnan Iota ay komokenteg. Siya na nan makwani en dalalo.

The Reason It Halls

Sometimes rain drops freeze if the wind has carried them up where the air is very cold. Then they fall again because they are heavy, but more rain freezes to them and again the wind blows them back up. When this happens many times

they get bigger, until the wind can no longer force them up because they are heavy and then they fall to the ground unmelted. That is called hail.

62


Nan Kimat Ya Nan Kido

Nan kasanilaw isnan daya ay Ilan tako esapay menkido et siya nan kimat. Et nan kimat nan mang-ipakido.

No maboliw san liboon di odan et kakakanimat isnan kad-an di liboo et enggana ay omdan isnan Iota. Nan kimat et pilmi ay men-atong et no omdan isnan kad-an di mentedek ay dagem dat maboliw nan napigsa ay kaligong et siya nan makwani en kido.

Paliso nan kimat ya kido thy nan kido et kaligong di kimat et kedeng ngem kaneg adi men-giddan nan kimat ya nan kido tay nan kaligong et mabaybayag nan mendaanana mo nan silaw. Nan menpangasilawan di kimat et maila ay dagos ya maikanayon ay madnge nan kido no nan menkimatana et pilmi ay naisasag-en ken datako.

Lightning and Thunder

The sudden flash of light that we see in the sky before thunder is lightning. The lightning is what causes the thunder.

When the rain clouds are formed, there are frequent flashes of lightning in the clouds until they reach the earth. Lightning is very hot so when it reaches cold air it makes a loud noise and that is called thunder. Lightning and thunder are

really one thing, thunder is just the sound of lightning, but it seems like the lightning and thunder do not take place at the same time because sound travels slower than light. The sudden flash of lightning can be seen immediately and we also hear the thunder immediately when lightning flashes very near us.


Dan Wada Nan Yegyeg Isnan daem nan daga et pilmi ay

menpoos. Nan naay ay poos et seseyatan di dadadadakke ay bato. Kagasogasot ay kilometro nan kasedsedena ya magagab-onan is Iota.

Gapo isnan keg todi et adi makakaan nan poos et no mabaybaybayag et amed pomoos. Isonga no mamingsan no pilmi nan poos et mabtak ya men-ginnasgas nan bato dat men-giwed nan Iota ay tean tako et siya di nan kanan tako en yegyeg. Mamingsan et napigsa ya omdan isnan ad-addawi ngem no mamingsan et nakapsot. Nan yegyeg et magapo isnan betak san bato isnan

daem nan Iota ay makwani isnan English en fault.

Nan esa ay gapon di yegyeg et no waday dakkel is geday wenno bomtak nan makwani en volcano ngem baken kapigpigsan nan magapo isnan betak isnan daem nan Iota. Ngem olay no keg todi et mabalin ay ado kayet nan dadaelena.

Nan gapo ay kanayon ay menyegyeg isnan ili tako et tay nan Pilipinas et naisasag-en isnan makwani en fault ay magapo id Alaska isnan North America et menpaali isnan dagdaga isna.

What Causes an Earthquake

Deep in the earth it is very hot. This heat is held in by very large rock. The rock is hundreds of kilometers thick and is covered with soil.

Because the heat cannot escape, as time passes it becomes hotter and hotter. Therefore at times when it is very hot the stone cracks, the rocks rub together and the earth moves and that

is what we call an earthquake. Sometimes it is strong and felt at a great distance, other times it is weak. An earthquake comes from a crack, called a fault, in a rock deep in the earth.

Earthquakes can also occur when there is a large landslide or when a volcano erupts, but these are not as strong as those caused by the cracks deep in the earth. Even so, they can still cause destruction.

The reason there are many earthquakes here in our country is because the Philippines is near a fault that stretches from Alaska in North America to the Philippines.


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seismograph record


Nan Manglokod Isnan Pigsan Di Yegyeg Nan pigsan di yegyeg ya nan

malmallosana et natkenatken. Wada nan p

Xnn Nan Maipanggep Nan Batawa (About the World) 1994

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Transcript of Xnn Nan Maipanggep Nan Batawa (About the World) 1994