XML Fundementals XML vs.. HTML XML vs.. HTML XML Document (elements vs. attributes) XML Document...

XML FundementalsXML Fundementals XML vs.. HTML XML vs.. HTML XML Document (elements vs. XML Document (elements vs.

attributes) attributes) XML and RDBMS XML and RDBMS XML Schema (DTD; XSD)XML Schema (DTD; XSD) XPATHXPATH XSLT (XSL; XSLT) XSLT (XSL; XSLT) SYSTEM.XMLSYSTEM.XML XSD Classes and TypesXSD Classes and Types Serialization ProcessSerialization Process

Any need for re-query or sorting of existing data required a new round-trip to the server.

HTMLHTML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<CUSTOMERSORDERS>

<CUSTOMERS CustomerID="ALFKI" CompanyName="Alfreds Futterkiste" ContactName="Alfreds Futterkiste" ContactTitle="Sales Representative" Phone="030-0074321">

<ORDERS OrderID="10643" OrderDate="2000-08-25T00:00:00"/>







</CUSTOMERS>

<CUSTOMERS CustomerID="ANATR" CompanyName="Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados" ContactName="Ana Trujillo" ContactTitle="Owner" Phone="(5) 555-4729">


</CUSTOMERS>

</ CUSTOMERSORDERS >

HTML and XML are both “firewall friendly”

XML separate data from presentation

XML is not a markup language

XML defines the data content and structure

HTML vs. XMLHTML vs. XML

Anatomy of XML Anatomy of XML DocumentDocument

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!DOCTYPE books SYSTEM “books.dtd”><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl“ href="books.xsl" ?><books xmlns=“http://schema.mycomp.com/books” xmlns:uk=“xxxxxx” >

<book isbn="0-00-649845-0“ ><title> Op-Centre </title><author>Steve Pieczenik</author><price>25.99</price>

</book><book isbn="0-201-63361-2">

<title>Design Patterns</title><author>Erich Gamma</author><author>Richard Helm</author><author>Ralph Johnson</author><uk:price>34.00</uk:price>

</book></books>

PrologProlog Root Root ElementElement

NamespaceNamespace ElemeElementnt

AttributeAttribute DATA / PCDATADATA / PCDATA

Creating XML Creating XML DocumentsDocuments

Messages

Relationaldatabases

Server Pages

Legacy systems

Other XML documents

XMLdocument

XMLdocument

<books> <book isbn="0-00-649845-0"> <title>Op-Centre<title> <author>Steve Pieczenik</author> <price>25.99</price> </book> <book isbn="0-201-63361-2"> <title>Design Patterns</title> <author>Erich Gamma</author> <price>59.00</price> </book> <book isbn="0-201-63361-2"> <title>Design Patterns</title> <author>Ralph Johnson</author> <price>59.00</price> </book> <book isbn="0-201-63361-2"> <title>Design Patterns</title> <author>Ralph Johnson</author> <price>59.00</price> </book></books>

The hierarchical nature of The hierarchical nature of XML XML

<books> <book isbn="0-00-649845-0"> <title>Op-Centre<title> <author>Steve Pieczenik</author> <price>25.99</price> </book> <book isbn="0-201-63361-2"> <title>Design Patterns</title> <author>Erich Gamma</author> <author>Richard Helm</author> <author>Ralph Johnson</author> <price>59.00</price> </book></books>

How would you?1. Add new Author that has no book’s isbn yet.2. Remove the ‘0-00-649845-0’ row but keep the

author ‘Steve Pieczenik’.3. Change the title ‘Design Patterns’ without

having to do it in many places.

isbn title author price0-00-649845-0 Op-Centre Steve Pieczenik 5.990-201-63361-2 Design Patterns Erich Gamma 34.990-201-63361-2 Design Patterns Richard Helm 34.990-201-63361-2 Design Patterns Ralph Johnson 34.99

SELECT Books.isbn, Books.title, Authors.name as 'author', Books.price FROM Books, BooksAuthors, Authors WHERE Books.isbn = BooksAuthors.isbn and BooksAuthors.AuthorID = Authors.AuthorID

Hierarchical support in relational Hierarchical support in relational databases 1/2databases 1/2

isbn title price0-00-649845-0 Op-Centre 5.990-201-63361-2 Design Patterns 34.99

‘BooksAuthors’ table

isbn AuthorID0-00-649845-0 220-201-63361-2 250-201-63361-2 260-201-63361-2 27

AuthoorID Name22 Steve Pieczenik25 Erich Gamma26 Richard Helm27 Ralph Johnson

‘Authors’ table

‘Books’ table

Hierarchical support in relational Hierarchical support in relational databases 2/2databases 2/2

Select Books.*, Authors.name as Authors from Books, BooksAuthors, Authorswhere Books.isbn = BooksAuthors.isbn and BooksAuthors.AuthorID = Authors.AuthorIDorder by Books.isbn for xml auto

XML SchemaXML Schema DTDDTD (Old W3C standard, supported by all …) (Old W3C standard, supported by all …) XDRXDR (Microsoft only) (Microsoft only) XSDXSD (W3C standard as of May 2001) (W3C standard as of May 2001)

ELEMENTSELEMENTS

DTDDTD XDR / XSDXDR / XSD

Min OccursMin Occurs Max OccursMax Occurs

?? 00 11

11 11

** 00 **

++ 11 **

Bookstore DTD - Sample Bookstore DTD - Sample

<!ELEMENT books (book*)><!ELEMENT books (book*)><!ELEMENT book (title, author+, price)><!ELEMENT book (title, author+, price)><!ATTLIST book isbn CDATA <!ATTLIST book isbn CDATA

#REQUIRED>#REQUIRED><!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)><!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)><!ELEMENT author (#PCDATA)><!ELEMENT author (#PCDATA)><!ELEMENT price (#PCDATA)><!ELEMENT price (#PCDATA)>

DEMO – Validating XML with DTD DEMO – Validating XML with DTD

Bookstore XSD - SampleBookstore XSD - Sample

Open SampleOpen Sample

Using XSLT CapabilitiesUsing XSLT Capabilities

An XSLT style sheet can perform a An XSLT style sheet can perform a wide range of transformationswide range of transformations

Examples:Examples: Map one XML grammar to anotherMap one XML grammar to another Filter unwanted dataFilter unwanted data Sort XML dataSort XML data Restructure an XML documentRestructure an XML document Perform computationsPerform computations

Transforming XML into a Different XML Transforming XML into a Different XML GrammarGrammar

XML document

XSLT style sheet

+XSLT

processor

Different XML grammar

<employees> <employee> <name>Reid</name> <salary>91000</salary> </employee> …</employees>


<staff> <staff-member name="Reid" pay="91000"/> …

</staff>

<staff> <staff-member name="Reid" pay="91000"/> …

</staff>

Transforming XML into Transforming XML into HTMLHTML

XML document

XSLT style sheet

+XSLT

processor

XHTML document (XML compliant)



<HTML><TABLE> <TR> <TD>Reid</TD> <TD>91000</TD> </TR> …</TABLE></HTML>

<HTML><TABLE> <TR> <TD>Reid</TD> <TD>91000</TD> </TR> …</TABLE></HTML>

What Is XPath?What Is XPath? XPath maps an XML document to a tree of nodesXPath maps an XML document to a tree of nodes Use XPath expressions to identify, select, and Use XPath expressions to identify, select, and

manipulate nodes in an XML hierarchymanipulate nodes in an XML hierarchy Use location paths to select nodesUse location paths to select nodes XPath operators XPath operators andand functions functions

Why Use XPath? Why Use XPath? In XSLT style sheets,for pattern matching

In SQL Server 2000,to address result-set nodes

In XPointer, to link documents together

System.xml to selectnodes programmatically

XMLXML

XMLXML

XMLXML

XPathXPath

Using XSLT on the Using XSLT on the ServerServer

Apply a stylesheet to a document on the serverApply a stylesheet to a document on the server Transform between different schemasTransform between different schemas

Merge data sourcesMerge data sources Conversion based on business processes and requirementsConversion based on business processes and requirements

Convert XML into well-formed HTMLConvert XML into well-formed HTML

XSLT

XSLT

XSLT

DifferentXML grammar

XML

Anotherserver

IE5client

Otherbrowser

HTML

XML

SYSTEM.XMLSYSTEM.XML Hello System.XmlHello System.Xml

Quick overview - libraries tools and goals.Quick overview - libraries tools and goals. Integrating XML into your applications.Integrating XML into your applications.

XML & Performance = streaming-based modelXML & Performance = streaming-based model XML Transformation with performance in mind.XML Transformation with performance in mind. DemoDemo Optional: Accessing Raw SOAP Messages in Optional: Accessing Raw SOAP Messages in

ASP.NET Web ServicesASP.NET Web Services Hierarchical vs. Relational representation of Hierarchical vs. Relational representation of

data.data. Why do we need them both.Why do we need them both. XML Integration with Relational Data.XML Integration with Relational Data. DemoDemo

Hello System.XmlHello System.Xml System.XmlSystem.Xml System.Xml.SchemaSystem.Xml.Schema System.Xml.SerializationSystem.Xml.Serialization System.Xml.XPathSystem.Xml.XPath System.Xml.Xsl System.Xml.Xsl

Design GoalsDesign GoalsCompliance with the W3C standardsCompliance with the W3C standardsExtensibilityExtensibilityPluggable architecturePluggable architecturePerformancePerformanceTight integration with ADO.NETTight integration with ADO.NET

ToolsToolsxsd.exexsd.exeXml schema designerXml schema designerData Adapter WizardData Adapter WizardExternal toolsExternal tools

XML & Performance = XML & Performance = streaming-based modelstreaming-based model

XmlReaderXmlReader Minimal caching for forward-only pull model Minimal caching for forward-only pull model

parsing.parsing. XmlValidatingReaderXmlValidatingReader

Forward-only validation.Forward-only validation. XPathNavigator XPathNavigator

cursor style navigationcursor style navigation minimizes node creation to a single virtual nodeminimizes node creation to a single virtual node yet provides random access to the document.yet provides random access to the document. does not require a complete node tree to be built in does not require a complete node tree to be built in

memory (DOM) memory (DOM) XslTransformXslTransform

Incremental streaming outputIncremental streaming output. .

XML Transformation XML Transformation with performance in mindwith performance in mind

Hierarchical vs. Relational representation of Hierarchical vs. Relational representation of datadata

Hierarchical vs. Relational Hierarchical vs. Relational representation of datarepresentation of data

Discussion: Why do we Discussion: Why do we need them both?need them both?

XML Integration with Relational Data XML Integration with Relational Data and ADO.NETand ADO.NET

XML Integration with Relational Data XML Integration with Relational Data and ADO.NETand ADO.NET

When to load XML directly into a When to load XML directly into a

DataSetDataSet When to synchronize an When to synchronize an XmlDataDocument with a DataSet XmlDataDocument with a DataSet

Queries of data in the DataSet are Queries of data in the DataSet are easier using SQL than XPath easier using SQL than XPath

XPath queries are needed over XPath queries are needed over data in the DataSet. data in the DataSet.

Preservation of element ordering Preservation of element ordering in the source XML is not critical. in the source XML is not critical.

Preservation of element ordering Preservation of element ordering in the source XML is critical. in the source XML is critical.

White space between elements and White space between elements and formatting does not need to be formatting does not need to be preserved in the source XML. preserved in the source XML.

White space and formatting White space and formatting preservation in the source XML is preservation in the source XML is critical. critical.

Synchronizing a DataSet Synchronizing a DataSet with an XmlDataDocumentwith an XmlDataDocument

Sample Sample CodeCode… …

Serialization ProcessSerialization Process

Classes used by the default Classes used by the default Serialization Process Serialization Process

Classes used with Serialized Streams, Classes used with Serialized Streams, File Stream, Memory Stream, Net File Stream, Memory Stream, Net Stream Stream

Binary Formatter Binary Formatter SOAP Formatter SOAP Formatter De-serialization De-serialization

XSD Classes and TypesXSD Classes and Types

Using xsd.exe to generate schema Using xsd.exe to generate schema from classes from classes

Using xsd.exe to generate classes Using xsd.exe to generate classes from schema from schema

XSD TypesXSD Types DemoDemo

ReviewReview XML vs.. HTML XML vs.. HTML XML Document (elements vs. XML Document (elements vs.

attributes) attributes) XML and RDBMS XML and RDBMS XML Schema (DTD; XSD)XML Schema (DTD; XSD) XPATHXPATH XSLT (XSL; XSLT) XSLT (XSL; XSLT) SYSTEM.XMLSYSTEM.XML XSD Classes and TypesXSD Classes and Types Serialization ProcessSerialization Process

XML Fundementals XML vs.. HTML XML vs.. HTML XML Document (elements vs. attributes) XML Document...

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