XHTML
15
Introduction
description
Introduction. XHTML. Document Structure Overview. XML declaration (prolog) Document type declaration Root element (namespace) Document header Document body. Document Structure.
Transcript of XHTML
Introduction
Document Structure Overview XML declaration (prolog) Document type declaration Root element (namespace) Document header Document body
Document Structure<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head> <title>Document Title</title>
</head>
<body> <p>Content of document...</p>
</body>
</html>
XML Prolog Optional Specifies XML version Declares type of character encoding <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“ISO-8859-1”?> Problem: IE/Windows browser can not interpret
prolog site not displayed correctly Solution: specify character encoding in <head>
<head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /></head>
Document Structure (for IE)<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>Document Title</title>
</head>
<body> <p>Content of document...</p>
</body>
</html>
DOCTYPE and Namespace Tell browsers how to interpret document Tell validations services how to test for
conformance
DOCTYPE
Allows designers/developers to author several different types of documents, each bound by different rules
Rules: XHTML 1.0 specifications, called document type definition (DTD)
XHTML 1.0 offers 3 DTDs:TransitionalStrictFrameset
DOCTYPE declaration
Top of every XHTML document, before any code or markup
After XML prolog <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD
XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”>
XHTML1 Transitional
Closest to HTML Can work with
Presentational markup structuresDeprecated elementsDeprecated attributes
Used for converting existing web sites
XHTML1 Frameset
Used for documents that contain a <frameset> element
Same elements as Transitional plusFramesetFramenoframe
XHTML1 Strict
Excludes all deprecated elements and attributes
New web site development What we use in class
Which Standard? XHTML 1.0 Transitional
Conversion of existing HTML 4.01 sites XHTML 1.0 Frames
Conversion of existing HTML 4.01 sites that contain frames
XHTML 1.0 StrictNew developmentUse of style sheets
XHTML 1.1Currently lack of browser support
XHMTL 2.0Under development
use in class
Root Element (XML NameSpace) Collection of XML element types and
attribute names associated with a specific DTD
<html xmlns=http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml xml:lang=“en” lang=“en”>
Version of XML = english Document in english
Document Header Information about the document that is not
considered part of the document contentInfo for usersInfo for browsersInfo for search engines
Must include title Displayed in the top bar of the browserBookmark or favorites listKey tool for accessibility Search engines
Document Body
<body>…</body> Required element Contains all elements of normal
document flow
