X-Junction Polymeric Optical Switch

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By:

Hojjatollah Sarvari

Department of Electrical Engineering

Shiraz University, Shiraz-Iran

November-2008

X-Junction Polymeric Optical Switch

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INTRODUCTION

-- First X-DOS by Silberberg in 1987 with LiNbO3

-- Polymers have high thermo-optic coeffecient and low thermal

conductance

-- Important parameters of switches are:

Crosstalk

Transmision characteristic

Switching time

Bandwidth

Power consumption

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A NOVEL TYPE OF 2x2 DIGITAL OPTICAL SWITCH

REALIZED BY POLYMER WAVEGUIDE TECHNOLOGY

Norbert Keil, Huihai Yao, Crispin Zawadzki

22nd European Conference on Optical Communication - ECOC’96, Oslo

• PMMA (poly methyl methacrylate)

Refractive index is 1.5465

• θ<Δβ/Ɣ:

fundamental mode to waveguide with high n

first higher mode to waveguide with low n

• Β is difference propagation constants

• For θ=0.08 degree and λ=1.55um & λ=1.3um

Insensitive to wavelenght and polarization

With power consumption of 45mw

crosstalk is less than -25db

Switching time is less than 1ms

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Pel-E2 = 65 mw

Pel-E2’ >45 mw

crosstalk < -25 dB

Pel-EI = 45 mw

Pel-E2’ >45 mw

crosstalk < -25 dB

Switching time is less than 1ms

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Asymmetric X-Junction Thermooptic Switches

Based on Fluorinated Polymer Waveguides

Min-Cheol Oh,Hyung-Jong Lee, Myung-Hyun Lee,Joo-Heon AhnIEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, VOL. 10, NO. 6, JUNE 1998

FPAE (fluorinated poly arylene ethers) as core

PFCB (Perfluorocyclobutane) as cladd

Crosstalk less than -20db

Switching power is 10mw

Insertion loss 4.5db

Risetime is 2ms

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A DIGITAL OPTICAL SWITCH (DOS) IN POLYMER USING

TRUNCATED-STRUCTURAL X-BRANCHES (TSXB)

M.K.Pandit,H.P.Chan,K.S.Chiang,S. Ghosh and A.K.DasMICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS / Vol. 27, No. 4, November 20 2000

PMMA (poly methyl methacrylate)

Refractive index is 1.5465

Advantages of TSXB:

Decrease sensivity to Fabrication process

Usefull for Wide-angle applications

For Bandwidth : 145nm (1470-1615 nm)

include C & L bands:

Crosstalk < -18db

This structure with BCB(benzocyclobutene)

and A=0.7 degree

bandwidth is 230nm (1390-1620)

crosstalk less than -20 db

NXB

TSXB

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Normal State Switched State

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Normal State Switched State

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λ=1.45um & crosstalk= -22db λ=1.55um & crosstalk=-18db

With D1=2.2um D2=3.15um minimum crosstalk shifts to λ=1550nm

Other work with BCB at 2002 yield:

crosstalk: -20db

bandwidth: 230nm (1390-1620nm)

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Polyimide-waveguide-based thermal optical switch using

total-internal-reflection effect

Jianyi Yang, Qingjun Zhou, and Ray T. Chen

Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 81, No. 16, 14 October 2002

Ultradel 9120 with n=1.535 as core

Ultradel 9020 with n=1.527 as cladd

At λ=1.55um crosstalk less than -28db

Independent of polarization

Switching time is 2ms

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Polyimide-waveguide-based thermal optical switch using

total-internal-reflection effect

Jianyi Yang, Qingjun Zhou, and Ray T. Chen

Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 81, No. 16, 14 October 2002

V=0 , cross state V>0 , bar state

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A Wide-Angle X-Junction Polymeric Thermooptic

Digital Switch With Low Crosstalk

Hau Ping Chan, Chi Kin Chow, and Alok K. Das

IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, VOL. 15, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2003

BCB(benzocyclobutene) with n=1.54 as

core

At λ=1.55um crosstalk less than -24db

rise time is 140us & fall time is 210us

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A Wide-Angle X-Junction Polymeric Thermooptic

Digital Switch With Low Crosstalk

Hau Ping Chan, Chi Kin Chow, and Alok K. Das

IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, VOL. 15, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2003

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Polarization-Independent All-Wave

Polymer-Based TIR Thermo-Optic SwitchXiaolong Wang, Brie Howley, Maggie Y. Chen, and Ray T. Chen

JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 24, NO. 3, MARCH 2006

ZPU12-460 with n=1.46 as core

ZPU12-450 with n=1.45 as cladd

Dimension is reduced so power is

reduced to 25-26mw

risetime=1.5ms & falltime=2ms

Bandwidth=4200nm (.6-4.8um)

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D & L & θ are three important parameters

1) D=50um & θ=4 degree

2) L=1400um & θ=4 degree

3) D=50um & L=1400um

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risetime=1.5ms & falltime=2ms

Bandwidth=4200nm (.6-4.8um)

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Thanks for your attention !

X-Junction Polymeric Optical Switch

Engineering

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