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Transcript of Www.sims.monash.edu.au Course introduction Introduction to information science Information in...
www.sims.monash.edu.au
Course introductionIntroduction to information science Information in contemporary organizations
IMS9300 INFORMATION SYSTEMS/ INFORMATION MANAGEMENT FUNDAMENTALS
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims93002
• Use Allocate + for tutorial allocation – no exceptions
• If you have a problem with tutorial allocation, contact - Tyna Arnold
Ph: 9903 2696email – [email protected]
No tutorials Week One
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims93003
Teaching Staff
• Lecturer: Barry AtkinsonRoom S4.01 – Fourth Floor, Tower email – [email protected] - 9903 2416Consultation hours: Wednesday 3:00 – 4:00pm
other times by appointment
• Tutor: Robin WilsonRoom S4.01 – Fourth Floor, Tower email – [email protected] hours:
make sure you exchange contact details with your tutor
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims93004
Unit Information
• All unit materials:lecture notes, tutorials, assignments, notices at
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims9300
or navigate to:
www.sims.monash.edu.au/
Unit pages
Undergraduate
IMS9300
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims93005
Recommended texts
Highly Recommended texts:• Turban, E., Rainer, R.K.Jr., and Potter, R.E.
(2003) Introduction to Information Systems, 2nd ed. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
• AND• Middleton, M. (2002) Information Management: a
consolidation of operations, analysis and strategy. Wagga Wagga: Centre for Information Studies, Charles Sturt University
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims93006
Assessment
• exam - 50%, assignment - 50%• a pass requires a final mark of 50% or more• hurdle - you must earn a minimum of 40% for
the exam AND a minimum of 40% for the assignments
• Eg.– Practical mark = 45/50 = 90.0%
– Exam mark = 15/50 = 30%
– Total mark = 60/100 = FAIL !!
– If either hurdle is not met, a result of 44% will be recorded even if the total mark is > 50%
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims93007
Assignment work requirements
• Assignments must be submitted according to the School of Information Management and Systems’ assignment submission requirements. These are available at:www.sims.monash.edu.au/resources/assessment.html
The School’s style guide for printed assignments is available at:www.sims.monash.edu.au/resources/style.html
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims93008
IMS9300
• The nature of Information as an organisational resource
• The role of Information and Information Systems in supporting and enabling core organisational processes
• Fundamental concepts and ideas applied in todays’ information systems and their management
• Key issues in Information provisioning today• Foundation unit in the revised Master of Information
Management and Systems degree: MIMS
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims93009
Caveat
• Terminology confusion between IS/IM• Roots of IM in Librarianship studies• Roots of IS in Business studies• Eg. Document/Information; Process; • One aspect of this course will be to flag these
inconsistencies
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930011
Information Sciences
Information Managers are concerned with things like:
• Why organisations collect and create information, and how it is done
• Who should have access to the information (and who should not)
• How is the information organised• Is it “good information” – timeliness,
accuracy, authority
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930012
Information Sciences ctd.
Information Managers are concerned with things like:
• how we distribute information• how we store it• understanding the context of units (eg.
single document) of information• managing concerns like these in
changing business and technological environments
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930013
What are the dimensions of this commonplace and ‘low-tech’ document?
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930015
A document:
• a representation of knowledge or
• recorded evidence of an action or
• a captured communication
As valuable in business as it is in personal life
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930016
Document Intent:
• to inform• to communicate• to entertain• to convey knowledge• to authorise• to control or regulate relationships between
people• to represent an action or deed• to provide evidence
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930017
Examples of “Natural” or “Accidental” Documents
• tree rings
• fossils
• forensic evidence
• performances (plays, music, dance etc.)
• ceremonies and rituals
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930018
Intentional documents
1. Information Products:• intended for publication:
– Books - music CDs– Signs - published photographs– commercial films - websites – etc.
2. Information By-products:• created as records or evidence:
– letters & diaries - receipts & statements– official records– etc.
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930019
Document Habitats:
• The office or workplace• The home• The Internet• The Library• The Archives – Births, Deaths & Marriages
• The Gallery• The Museum
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930020
Document dimensions
• FORM – text, moving/still image, recorded sound
• FORMAT – brochure, still photograph, movie
• STRUCTURE – elements, organisational features eg. sonnet, documentary film
• MEDIUM – marks, signs, images on vinyl, film, paper
• CONTEXT – why? By whom? Under what circumstances?
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930021
Document dimensions ctd.
• AUTHORITY- author, by whose permission, on behalf of..
• CONTENT- information unique to this document
• PURPOSE – for which it was created
• TECHNOLOGIES – used to create or access it
• ACCESSIBILITY – intended audience, access regulation, security
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930023
Examples of Documentary Analysis:
Knock,KnockWho’s there?
RabbitRabbit who?
Rabbit now, I want to take it away(Groan!!!)
• 1. A Knock Knock Joke:– Medium - spoken word– Technology -language– Structure - 3 part Q&A– Purpose - to amuse– Content - a play on words
*****
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930024
Examples of Documentary Analysis:
• 2. Exam Timetable:– Medium - paper, electronic– Technology - printing, computer– Structure - by day,date, time etc.– Purpose - to inform students etc.– Content - times, dates, venues , subject
names etc.
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930025
What is Information?
• phenomenon (human knowledge)
• construct (an object which is informative: something which embodies knowledge)
• process (activity which allows transfer of knowledge)
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930026
Information v. data
• data - consists of raw or unstructured facts (text, pictures, sound)eg. Student number, date
• information - data that has been refined for a particular purpose: a collection of facts organised so that they have meaning and use to a particular recipient in a particular context. It has additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves.
• knowledge
• wisdom
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930027
Information delivery technologies
• sign - prehistory• speech – dawn of civilization• tally – clay tablet, economic information• writing – pictograph, sound symbols
Information as power• paper, books – mass access to other people’s knowledge• printing – ideograms (1041) moveable type (1450)
mass media – book as paradigm for information media• telegraph/telephone/radio/television (c1900-1930)
letter as paradigm for communication media
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930028
Information delivery technologies- the computer age
• electronic media (1945-today) – publishing and communication technologies combined
• personal computer (1980) • word processing/ self-publishing • networking – local, wide-area• e-mail – information exchange• hypermedia – new paradigms – global village• integrated communications – information and
communication
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930029
Information as economic asset
• “the knowledge economy”• business information – tally to communication• competitive advantage - industrial knowledge,
“business sense”• the “value-chain” - workers applying
information/knowledge to products and processes
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930031
Information in contemporary organizations
Traditional – • payroll • purchasing • manufacture reporting • accounting • sales records • inventory
New - support business strategy, support management, support staff productivity
Changing – improved transaction processing, new transactions, system integration, strategic information systems
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930032
Information in contemporary organizations ctd.
• TPS – Transaction Processing Systems: ATM, Cash Register, Metcard – mission critical/vital,
legacy systems • MIS – Management Information Systems:
Sales reporting, Business Directory, weather forecast – business health, aggregate data, not mission critical
• EIS – Executive Information Systems: business strategy – general business/industry news/trends, competitor activity - long-term goals
• DSS – Decision Support Systems: support decision-makers, analyse data, predict/estimate – tailored for a single user/ intimate group
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930033
Building and maintainingInformation Systems
• identifying business information problems
• analysing and describing information needs
• designing solutions to meet those needs
• acquiring/building new systems
• implementing new systems
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930034
Typical Business Information Problems
• changing information needs
• business expansion
• cost pressure
• competitive pressure
• staff dependency
www.sims.monash.edu.au/subjects/ims930035
Our job as IS/IM professionals:
• Exactly what is the information required• What jobs are being done with it• Where is the information stored• Is it good information• Is it being used effectively