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Transcript of Www.ptvamerica.com Traffic Signal Control and Simulation Karen Giese, Vice President Product...
www.ptvamerica.com
Traffic Signal Control and SimulationKaren Giese, Vice President Product Management, PTV AmericaAndrew Bratlien, Associate, PTV AmericaMiranda Wells, DKS Associates
Oregon Microsimulation RoundtableMarch 2012
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Agenda
Introduction to VISSIM Simulation> What is VISSIM?> Why Simulation?
Simulation Signal Control> Range of Options> Standard Internal Control> Hardware-in-the-Loop> Software-in-the-Loop> External Custom Programs
Software-in-the-Loop Applications> What is it?> Why use it?> What is available?
Software-in-the-Loop Examples> McCain BiTrans> Econolite ASC/3> D4
Discussion and Demonstrations2
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation 3
PTV Vision
VISUM> Strategic Planning Platform
TRAFFIX> Intersection Capacity Analysis
VISSIM> Microscopic Traffic & Transit Simulator
PTV Vision is a fully integrated suite of transportation planning/travel demand modeling and traffic simulation for all modes of transportation.
PTV Vision incorporates macro, meso, and microscopic levels analyses dynamically over time.
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation4
What is VISSIM?
Microscopic transit/traffic simulation consisting of> Traffic flow model which moves and tracks each vehicle> Signal control model
User-friendly graphical interface (GUI)> Graphical network editor for data input of road network, transit lines, routes,
volumes, detectors, signals, etc.> Definition of user-specific vehicle types (passenger cars, HOV-cars, trucks,
buses, articulated buses, trams, LRT-vehicles, bicyclists, pedestrians etc.)> Definition of user specific driving behavior to override default values
Decision support system> On-line visualization of traffic operation in 2D and 3D> Measures of effectiveness like delay, queue length, travel times, mean speed,
emissions etc
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation5
What is VISSIM?
Microscopic transit/traffic simulation consisting of> Traffic flow model which moves and tracks each vehicle> Signal control model
User-friendly graphical interface (GUI)> Graphical network editor for data input of road network, transit lines, routes,
volumes, detectors, signals, etc.> Definition of user-specific vehicle types (passenger cars, HOV-cars, trucks,
buses, articulated buses, trams, LRT-vehicles, bicyclists, pedestrians etc.)> Definition of user specific driving behavior to override default values
Decision support system> On-line visualization of traffic operation in 2D and 3D> Measures of effectiveness like delay, queue length, travel times, mean speed,
emissions etc
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation6
Core Building Blocks of VISSIM
Four core building blocks in VISSIM
> Network representing the physical infrastructure for roadway and tracks
> Traffic representing the vehicular movements on the network
> Control representing how traffic behaves in case of conflicting movements
> Output generating results from simulation runs
CONTROL Unsignalize
d Signals
TRAFFIC Vehicles Behavior Routing
Network Geometry Transit
Output Animation MOE´s
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Why Simulation?
Accurately Measure Impacts of Dynamic Conditions
> Transit Signal Priority
> Preemption
> Ramp Metering
> ITS – Variable Message Signs, Traveler Information
Measure Design Limitations
> Spillback Effects
> Inadequate Storage Lengths for Peak Period
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Why Simulation?
Understand System Integration/Transitions
> Freeway ↔ Arterial
> Transit↔ Private Transport
Advanced Problems
> Curbside Modeling
> Dynamic Traffic Assignment
> Lane Management Strategy (Toll Pricing, HOV/HOT Lanes)
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Simulation Signal Control
Provides traffic control for vehicles
Emulate or directly implement specific controller functionality
???
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
VISSIM Signal Control Options
Rules of the Road
Signal Controllers
Ring Barrier Controller (RBC)
VAP
Fixed Time Controller (VISSIG)
Hardware-in-the-Loop
Software-in-the-Loop
External Signal API
Rules of the Road
Special Applications
Transit Signal Priority
Railroad Preemption
Adaptive Signal Control
Rules of the Road
General Applications
Fixed Time Control
Actuated Control
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
VISSIM Standard Control: Ring-Barrier Controller (RBC)
Embedded RBC GUI facilitates entering of signal timing data
NTCIP 1202 Compliant
Extensive Functionality
> Multiple Rings & Barriers
> Free-running and 8 Timing Patterns
> Overlaps / Negative Overlaps
> Railroad Preemption> Transit Signal Priority> Advanced Timing and
Detection Parameters11
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
VISSIM Standard Control: Ring-Barrier Controller (RBC)
Transit Priority Settings
> Alternating Sequence
> Transit Phases> Vehicle Omits> Pedestrian Omits> Priority Modes
(Early / Extend)> Priority Min Green> Recovery Min
Green> Priority
Progression> Check-in / Check-
out12
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
VISSIM Standard Control: Ring-Barrier Controller (RBC)
Applications> Standard signal control operations> ???> When you can use it
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Moving Beyond the Standard Control
Public agencies have preferred signal controller vendors with specific hardware / software solutions
Actual controller logic can model true signal controller behavior
> Required for controller-specific behavior> Capture true operations of advanced / special features
Options in VISSIM> VAP Custom Program> External Signal Control API> Hardware-in-the-Loop> Software-in-the-Loop
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
External Custom Programs
VAP> VISSIM Internal Programming Language> Write Custom Signal Control Logic> ???
External Signal Control API> Develop Custom Program> Compiled Program Ties to VISSIM Through API> ???
Application> Emulate functions not available in RBC> More closely represent specialized functions (e.g., transit signal
priority)> ???
15
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Hardware-in-the-Loop
Controller Logic Directly Integrated into VISSIM
Connected through Controller Interface Device
No “Emulation”
Requires Hardware
INSERT PHOTO OF CONTROLLER / CID
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Software-in-the-Loop (SIL)
What is SIL?> Replaces hardware-in-the-loop> Same logic as firmware > Virtual time clock and calendar> Timing parameter database exchange with
field controllers > Commercial signal control firmware interfaces
directly with VISSIM’s Signal Controller API
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Software-in-the-Loop (SIL)
Why Use it?> Integrate Controller Logic Directly into VISSIM> Remove “Emulation” Errors / Bias
> Capture True Operations of Advanced / Special Features> Accurately Model Controller-Specific Logic
> Remove Hardware Requirement> Faster than Real Time> Synchronization
What’s Available?> BiTrans (McCain)> D4 Controller (Fourth Dimension)> ASC/3 (Econolite)> SCATS?
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation
Fourth Dimension D4 Controller
Key Features
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© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation20
Econolite ASC/3 Controller
Key Features> 16 Phases/16 Overlaps> 16 Ped Phases/16 Ped Overlaps> 4 Rings> 64 Detectors> Phase Compatibility Matrix> Logic Processors – Emulate External Logic/PLC> Coordination/Preempt> NTCIP 1202 Compliance
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation21
ASC/3 SIL Controller – Database Editor
> icons™> .db is transferred
between VISSIM and ASC/3 controller (hardware) via NTCIP Database Manager
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation22
ASC/3 SIL Controller – Front Panel Display
> ASC/3 Menu Structure> Online Controller Status> Detector Status> Real-time Database Update
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation23
ASC/3 SIL Controller – Logic Processing
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation24
ASC/3 SIL Controller – I/O Mapping
© PTV America 2012 PTV America, Inc. – Traffic Signal Control and Simulation25
Questions and Discussion
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