Insert Tradeshow or Event Name -- Date Insert Presentation Title Realities of Multi-Domain Gateway...

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Realities of Multi-Domain Gateway Network Management

Jonathan Rosenberg

Chief Scientist


Limitations of Single Provider VoIP

Single Provider VoIP Networks are a Barrier to Entry Difficult for a single carrier to get

national or international coverage Wide coverage needed for cost

advantages Capital investment of many

international POPs is significant

Solution - Multi-Provider Each provider owns a set of POPs Calls originating in POP of one

provider can terminate in POP of another

A

B

C

D


Multi-Provider Agreements

Multi-Provider Case Requires Agreements Between Entities

Many Possible Organizations of Agreements Peer to peer bilateral Settlement House (star) Confederation (full mesh)

Each Organizational Arrangement is a Series of Bilateral Agreements

Results in a Requirement of Bilateral Information Flow

P2P

SettlementHouse

Confederation


Information Exchange

Main Question: Where to Route an Incoming Call?

Depends on a Number of Factors: The set of phone numbers each provider is willing to terminate Cost/billing/pricing arrangements Preferences for a particular provider POLICY

Decision Must be Made Quickly Affects call setup time

How is it Accomplished?


Solution: TRIP

Telephony Routing over IP

Being Developed in IP Telephony Working Group in IETF

Specification is Mature, RFC Shortly

What does it do? Exchange of routing information between peer providers Exchange happens outside of call setup Routing information consists of phone prefixes and associated data Allows for aggregation and redistribution Strong policy support


TRIP Components

Internet Telephony Administrative Domain (ITAD) Owner of GW, LS, users

Location Server (LS) Primary component Exchanges routing information

with internal and external peers

Front End Protocol mechanism used to

access TRIP data Typically SIP

EndUsers

Gateways

LocationServer

ITAD A

TRIP

FrontEnd

ITAD B


What are its main features?

Based on Scalable IP Routing Technology Combination of BGP4 and IS-IS Proven algorithms and operation

Support for LNP and Routing Numbers includes international codes with hex values

Works for both SIP and H.323 Can even enable routing through conversion boxes


What are its Main Features cont.

Capabilities Exchange Agree upon address family for routing

Send Only, Receive Only, Bidirectional Modes Allows for domains that wish to only export or import routes

Extensibility Support for new attributes built in Attributes provide parameters for a route


How does it work?

An LS is Statically Configured with its Internal and External peers No autodiscovery External relationships need to be

driven from business needs

LS Connects to Peers TCP connection Basic capabilities negotiation

Address families Send/Receive/Send-only

Agree on keepalive interval

Route Exchange Complete synchronization of

routing tables with external peers Sharing of learned routes with

internal peers Only happens initially

Keepalives After route exchange, period

keepalives Small in size

Updates If route changes, modified route is

sent Incremental updates


Location Server Processing

An LS Will Receive Routes from Many Sources External Peers Internal Peers Statically configured

Needs to Generate Local Telephony Routing

Information Base (TRIB) Routes to send to peers

Accomplished with Decision Process Combines routes from sources Generates Local TRIB Outputs Routes

Decision Process

Adj. TRIBAdj. TRIBAdj. TRIB In Local Routes

Local TRIB

Adj. TRIB OutAdj. TRIB Out

Adj. TRIB Out

Policy

Internal Routes


Summary

Problem: Single provider cannot own all gateways Need for a way to support multi-provider operation

Solution: Telephony Routing over IP (TRIP) Protocol for inter-domain exchange of routes bilaterally


Information Resource Jonathan Rosenberg

[email protected] +1 732.741.7244

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