WWII Don’t forget: You can copy- paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the...
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Transcript of WWII Don’t forget: You can copy- paste this slide into other presentations, and move or resize the...
Introduction:
• Most devastating war in human history• 55 million dead• 1 trillion dollars
• Began in 1939 as strictly a European Conflict
• Widened to include most of the world
Causes• Great Depression Rise of Fascist
dictators• WWI and Treaty of Versailles
Germany had to pay reparations and “war guilt” clause.
Italy denied territories it wanted
• Failure of League of Nations• Policy of Appeasement
• World Domination-Extreme Nationalism• Japan victorious but wanted China• Germany wanted to created a “Third Reich” an
empire to last 1,000 years
Rise of Hitler
• Nazi Party organized, 1920s• Nazi party largest in Germany, 1932
• Hitler voted as chancellor, 1933• New parliament created
• 450, 000 members• Larger than German army
German Territorial Gains• Austria – March, 1938• Munich Pact gives part of Czechoslovakia
(Sudetenland) – Sept., 1938• All of Czechoslovakia – March, 1939• Poland – Sept., 1939• By Summer of 1940, Germany Controlled
Most of Europe• World shocked as France falls to Germans
Significant Events of World War II
Dates and Events that changed the world
8
Major LeadersAxis Powers
Adolf HitlerNazi Germany
Benito MussoliniItaly
Hideki TojoJapan
Emperor Hirohito
Japan
10
Major LeadersAllies
Franklin Delano RooseveltUS President
Joseph StalinSoviet Leader
Winston Churchill
British Prime Minister
September 1, 1939
• Germany invades Poland using the Blitzkrieg (“lightning war”)
• England and France, declare war on Germany
• United States again chooses isolationism and neutrality
May 10, 1940
• Fall of France• France surrenders June
25• Total Victory for
Germany except for:• “Miracle at Dunkirk”
– Germany does not attack with army
– Allows most of the British forces to escape and fight again another day
July 1940
• The Battle of Britain • 9 month air war between Luftwaffe and RAF• Germany suffers a major defeat
Reason’s for British victory:• RADAR• Over home soil
• More gas/time to fight• Easier to save pilots
• Germans change tactics• Attack English cities• Stop attacks on
English air force
December 7, 1941“… a date which will live in
infamy.”• Japan sneak attacks
Pearl Harbor on Sunday morning
• 18 ships sunk or badly damaged
• 188 planes destroyed and 159 damaged
• 2403 U.S. Military killed (1102 Arizona) & 1178 wounded
• America enters war with Allies
1942: The Tide Turns
• Battle of Midway– Resounding U.S. Naval
Victory over Japan in Pacific
• Battle of El-Alamein– Resounding British Army
Victory over Germany and Italy in Africa
• Battle of Stalingrad– Resounding Soviet Army
Victory over Germany in USSR
September 1943
• Italy signs armistice with Allies (1st Axis country to leave war)
• Germans disarm their allies and take over military defenses
• Germany continues to fight in Italy until 1945
June 6, 1944• D-Day of Operation
Overlord• Led by Supreme Allied
Commander Dwight D. Eisenhower
• Nearly 250,000 men and boys participated in the invasion of Normandy region of France
• The battle for the beachhead lasted nearly 2 months
• This was the beginning of the end for Hitler and Germany
December 1944 – January 1945
• The Battle of the Bulge• Hitler’s army had broken through the allied
line creating a bulge.• U.S. and allied troops had pushed back the
bulge by mid January.
• Germany last desperate attack to win the war
Spring 1945
• April 12 FDR dies in office
• April 30th – Hitler commits suicide
• May 7th – Germany formally surrenders
• Gen. Eisenhower: “The mission of this allied force was fulfilled at 0241 local time, May 7th 1945.”
• May 8th – V-E (Victory in Europe) Day declared
August 1945
• America’s secret development of the A-Bomb = “Manhattan Project”
• President Harry S. Truman and U.S. drop 1st atomic bomb on Hiroshima killing 80,000 people (“Little Boy”)
August 15th Japan surrenders on
battleship U.S.S. Missouri V-J Day (Victory over
Japan) Declared
August 1945
Results of World War II
• America gets out of the Great Depression• Introduction of weapons of mass
destruction (nuclear weapons)• Start of Cold War• United Nations formed (new and improved
League of Nations)• Israel established as country for all Jews
Related Websites
• World War II Timeline
http://history.acusd.edu/gen/ww2Timeline/start.html
• National World War II Memorial
http://www.wwiimemorial.com/• National D-Day Museum
http://www.ddaymuseum.org/
Hitler Gets Busy
• Gestapo Created -- April, 1933• Jewish Boycott – April, 1933• Jewish Books Banned & Burned – May, 1933• 27,000 People in Camps – July, 1933• Kristallnacht (“Night of the Broken Glass”) –
November 1938• Illegal to Leave Germany – October, 1941• French and Britain unsure • U.S. isolationist
February, March, & April 1942
• February 19th – Executive Order 9066Internment of 110,000 Japanese
Americans in 48 states (California)• April 18th – Doolittle Raid
16 B-25 bombers from the USS Hornet fly 666 miles to bomb Tokyo.
• April – Bataan Death March5000-10,000 Filipinos & 500-600 U.S.
Dead5000 U.S. died in Camps.Japan never ratified 1929 Geneva
Agreement