WWII. Anyone know any strong leaders? As things grew bad during the Great Depression, people started...
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Transcript of WWII. Anyone know any strong leaders? As things grew bad during the Great Depression, people started...
Anyone know any strong leaders?Anyone know any strong leaders?
As things grew bad during the Great As things grew bad during the Great Depression, people started turning to Depression, people started turning to strong leaders to solve the world strong leaders to solve the world problems.problems.Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler, a German leader, led a , a German leader, led a political party called the Nazis.political party called the Nazis.The Nazis believed in fascism where the The Nazis believed in fascism where the government controls the economy, culture, government controls the economy, culture, and most parts of people’s lives.and most parts of people’s lives.
A Nazi DictatorA Nazi Dictator
The Nazi Party took power in GermanyThe Nazi Party took power in Germany
Hitler ruled as a dictator, or a ruler who Hitler ruled as a dictator, or a ruler who has total control of a country and its has total control of a country and its peoplepeople
Hitler wanted to make Germany a strong Hitler wanted to make Germany a strong nationnation
Meanwhile, around the world…Meanwhile, around the world…
In Italy, Benito Mussolini ruled as a dictatorIn Italy, Benito Mussolini ruled as a dictatorIn Japan, nationalist leaders took controlIn Japan, nationalist leaders took controlThese leaders in Japan, Germany, and These leaders in Japan, Germany, and Italy, believed in racismItaly, believed in racismRacism is the idea that one race, or group Racism is the idea that one race, or group of people is betterof people is betterFor example, Hitler blamed the Jewish For example, Hitler blamed the Jewish people for all of Germany’s problemspeople for all of Germany’s problems
Imperialism is baack!Imperialism is baack!
Germany, Italy, and Japan began to Germany, Italy, and Japan began to invade other countriesinvade other countriesThey formed an alliance to protect each They formed an alliance to protect each other called the other called the Axis PowersAxis PowersHitler annexed, or added, Austria to Hitler annexed, or added, Austria to Germany and later, CzechoslovakiaGermany and later, CzechoslovakiaThen Hitler made a secret agreement with Then Hitler made a secret agreement with Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet UnionUnion
Germany’s Aggression in Germany’s Aggression in EuropeEurope
Track the following on your mapTrack the following on your map::• 1938- Hitler takes over Austria and western 1938- Hitler takes over Austria and western
CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia• 1939- Germany invades Poland (war begins)1939- Germany invades Poland (war begins)• 1940- Germany invades Denmark and Norway, 1940- Germany invades Denmark and Norway,
France, Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg, and France, Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg, and reaches the British Channelreaches the British Channel
• They later go for the British Channel IslandsThey later go for the British Channel Islands
Japan’s Aggression in the Japan’s Aggression in the PacificPacific
Track the following on your mapTrack the following on your map::• 1937- Japan already occupies Manchuria 1937- Japan already occupies Manchuria
and invades central Chinaand invades central China• 1941- Japan invades Vietnam, Laos, and 1941- Japan invades Vietnam, Laos, and
Cambodia, Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, and Cambodia, Japan bombs Pearl Harbor, and attacks the Philippinesattacks the Philippines
• 1942- Japan occupies Manila, Indonesia, 1942- Japan occupies Manila, Indonesia, Malaysia, Burma, the Solomon Islands, and Malaysia, Burma, the Solomon Islands, and SingaporeSingapore
The AlliesThe Allies
Great Britain and France formed an Great Britain and France formed an alliance known as the Allied Powersalliance known as the Allied Powers
They tried to stop Germany by signing an They tried to stop Germany by signing an agreement with Hitleragreement with Hitler
In the agreement, Hitler promised not to In the agreement, Hitler promised not to invade any more countries and in return, invade any more countries and in return, they got to keep the land they already hadthey got to keep the land they already had
Hitler soon broke his promise….Hitler soon broke his promise….
Broken PromisesBroken Promises
Germany broke the agreement by Germany broke the agreement by attacking Polandattacking PolandThe Allies then declared war on GermanyThe Allies then declared war on GermanyItaly and Japan soon declared war on the Italy and Japan soon declared war on the AlliesAlliesThe Allies could not stop the strong The Allies could not stop the strong German armyGerman armyBy the end of 1941, Germany controlled By the end of 1941, Germany controlled most of Europemost of Europe
Great Britain stays strongGreat Britain stays strong
Only Britain had not fallen to GermanyOnly Britain had not fallen to Germany
German planes bombed parts of London German planes bombed parts of London and other citiesand other cities
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill British Prime Minister Winston Churchill inspired his people to keep fighting!inspired his people to keep fighting!
America to the Rescue!America to the Rescue!
At the beginning of the war, Americans At the beginning of the war, Americans believed in isolationismbelieved in isolationism
However, FDR wanted to help Britain, so However, FDR wanted to help Britain, so he sent military equipment and supplieshe sent military equipment and supplies
FDR was growing worried about Japan-FDR was growing worried about Japan-they had invaded China and were planning they had invaded China and were planning to conquer other Asian countriesto conquer other Asian countries
The Leader of JapanThe Leader of Japan
The Japanese Prime Minister Hirohito The Japanese Prime Minister Hirohito knew that only the US Navy was strong knew that only the US Navy was strong enough to stop themenough to stop them
Japanese leaders planned to destroy the Japanese leaders planned to destroy the US Navy with a surprise attack…US Navy with a surprise attack…
ATTACK on U.S. soilATTACK on U.S. soil
On the morning of Dec. 7, 1941, Japanese On the morning of Dec. 7, 1941, Japanese airplanes bombed Pearl Harbor, a US airplanes bombed Pearl Harbor, a US Naval base in HawaiiNaval base in HawaiiThe US fleet suffered terrible damage and The US fleet suffered terrible damage and thousands of soldiers and sailors diedthousands of soldiers and sailors diedAmericans were stunned and most Americans were stunned and most believed that they had no choice but to believed that they had no choice but to fight backfight backFDR called for a war against JapanFDR called for a war against Japan
WAR!WAR!
The day after the bombing, Congress The day after the bombing, Congress declared war on Japandeclared war on Japan
Three days later, Germany and Italy Three days later, Germany and Italy declared war on the USdeclared war on the US
Our military was not prepared for a big warOur military was not prepared for a big war
After the attack, the US had to mobilize, or After the attack, the US had to mobilize, or get ready for warget ready for war
Preparing for War…Preparing for War…
Americans joined the army or were draftedAmericans joined the army or were drafted
Factories stopped making consumer Factories stopped making consumer goods and started making military goodsgoods and started making military goods
For example, the Ford Motor Company, For example, the Ford Motor Company, went from making cars to building went from making cars to building airplanes and airplane enginesairplanes and airplane engines
Scientists created new technology to help Scientists created new technology to help with the war like new designs for airplaneswith the war like new designs for airplanes
A Helping HandA Helping Hand
Women and African-Americans worked in Women and African-Americans worked in factories that made supplies for the warfactories that made supplies for the war
Women worked jobs that only men had Women worked jobs that only men had worked beforeworked before
Rosie the Riveter
““United” StatesUnited” States
Everyone helped with the war effortEveryone helped with the war effort
People made sacrifices like food rationingPeople made sacrifices like food rationing
Victory gardens were grownVictory gardens were grown
People paid close attention to what was People paid close attention to what was happening in the warhappening in the war
People read newspapers and watched People read newspapers and watched newsreelsnewsreels
Propaganda was everywhere!Propaganda was everywhere!
Tough Times for Japanese Tough Times for Japanese AmericansAmericans
After Pearl Harbor, people worried that After Pearl Harbor, people worried that Japanese Americans would help Japan Japanese Americans would help Japan attack the U.S.attack the U.S.FDR signed an order that forced over FDR signed an order that forced over 100,000 Japanese Americans to leave 100,000 Japanese Americans to leave their homes and move to internment their homes and move to internment campscampsThese camps were places where These camps were places where prisoners were held during wartimeprisoners were held during wartime
Internment CampsInternment Camps
Most of the people sent to these camps Most of the people sent to these camps were American citizenswere American citizens
This was happening while thousands of This was happening while thousands of Japanese Americans fought for the US in Japanese Americans fought for the US in the warthe war
Germany’s Surprising StrengthGermany’s Surprising Strength
The Axis Powers had prepared well for The Axis Powers had prepared well for war- they had trained many soldiers and war- they had trained many soldiers and built tons of suppliesbuilt tons of suppliesGermany conquered much of Europe, Germany conquered much of Europe, including the Soviet Unionincluding the Soviet UnionJapan’s army took over much of the Japan’s army took over much of the PacificPacificIn 1942, the Allies began to move against In 1942, the Allies began to move against the Axis Powersthe Axis Powers
African American FightersAfrican American Fighters
A group of African American pilots known A group of African American pilots known as the Tuskegee Airmen flew many as the Tuskegee Airmen flew many successful missions over Italysuccessful missions over Italy
Trouble in ParadiseTrouble in Paradise
By early 1944, Germany was in troubleBy early 1944, Germany was in trouble
On D-Day, nearly 200,000 Allied forcesOn D-Day, nearly 200,000 Allied forces
invaded Northern Franceinvaded Northern FranceThis landing allowed the surviving US This landing allowed the surviving US
soldiers to move toward Germanysoldiers to move toward GermanyAt the same time, Soviet soldiers were At the same time, Soviet soldiers were
advancing on Germany from the eastadvancing on Germany from the east
D-DAYD-DAY
The largest water-to-land invasion in historyThe largest water-to-land invasion in history
General Eisenhower led the attackGeneral Eisenhower led the attackTroops entered the beaches of Normandy to meet Troops entered the beaches of Normandy to meet German troopsGerman troops
V-E Day!V-E Day!
In May 1945, Germany was forced to In May 1945, Germany was forced to surrendersurrender
The Allies declared May 8The Allies declared May 8thth to be V-E Day! to be V-E Day!
Meanwhile, in the Pacific, fighting raged Meanwhile, in the Pacific, fighting raged on…on…
Japan had many victories after Pearl Japan had many victories after Pearl Harbor and controlled a large part of Asia Harbor and controlled a large part of Asia and the Pacificand the Pacific
Victory in the PacificVictory in the Pacific
The Allies had a major victory over Japan The Allies had a major victory over Japan in the Battle of Midwayin the Battle of Midway
In it, they used aircraft carriers, or large In it, they used aircraft carriers, or large ships that carry airplanes far from landships that carry airplanes far from land
The ships were so large that planes can The ships were so large that planes can take off and land on the deck of the shiptake off and land on the deck of the ship
The PlanThe Plan
Our plan to defeat Japan was called Island Our plan to defeat Japan was called Island HoppingHopping
The US hopped from island to island, The US hopped from island to island, taking it from Japantaking it from Japan
Each island became a place where they Each island became a place where they could attack Japan and they got closer could attack Japan and they got closer and closerand closer
The Battle of Iwo JimaThe Battle of Iwo Jima
This battle was a key victory for the United This battle was a key victory for the United States where they captured back the States where they captured back the island of Iwo Jimaisland of Iwo Jima
Victory over JapanVictory over Japan
By the summer of 1945, the US was close By the summer of 1945, the US was close enough to invade Japanenough to invade Japan
However, Harry Truman, our new However, Harry Truman, our new president, thought it would be too president, thought it would be too dangerous for our troopsdangerous for our troops
He decided to go with a different plan…He decided to go with a different plan…
The Atomic BombThe Atomic Bomb
A powerful bomb that can destroy an A powerful bomb that can destroy an entire cityentire city
President Truman hoped that the bomb President Truman hoped that the bomb would be able to end the warwould be able to end the war
On Aug. 6, 1945, an American plane On Aug. 6, 1945, an American plane dropped an atomic bomb on the city of dropped an atomic bomb on the city of HiroshimaHiroshima
The explosion killed nearly 100,000 peopleThe explosion killed nearly 100,000 people
NagasakiNagasaki
Three days later, the US dropped another Three days later, the US dropped another atomic bomb on the city of Nagasakiatomic bomb on the city of Nagasaki
The emperor, Hirohito, soon surrenderedThe emperor, Hirohito, soon surrendered
August 14, 1945 became known as V-J August 14, 1945 became known as V-J Day!Day!
Destruction of WarDestruction of War
Now that the war was over, people had to Now that the war was over, people had to face the massive destruction it had causedface the massive destruction it had caused
Many soldiers and civilians had been killedMany soldiers and civilians had been killed
Cities laid in ruinsCities laid in ruins
Civilians were left without jobs, food, and Civilians were left without jobs, food, and homeshomes
The HolocaustThe Holocaust
Before and during the war, the Nazis had Before and during the war, the Nazis had been putting people in concentration been putting people in concentration campscamps
The people they put there included Jews, The people they put there included Jews, gypsies, and people with disabilitiesgypsies, and people with disabilities
Conditions were terrible in these campsConditions were terrible in these camps
People were forced to work, were beaten, People were forced to work, were beaten, starved, and killedstarved, and killed
Hitler’s “Final Solution”Hitler’s “Final Solution”
His final solution was a plan of mass His final solution was a plan of mass murdermurder
The mass murder was called the The mass murder was called the HolocaustHolocaust
Only when the war was over did people Only when the war was over did people realize what Hitler had been doingrealize what Hitler had been doing
Over 12 million people had been killed, 6 Over 12 million people had been killed, 6 million of them Jewsmillion of them Jews