WW2 Details.ppt

7/27/2019 WW2 Details.ppt

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World War II


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What was WWII?

Largest war in human history.

Involved countries, colonies, and territoriesaround the entire world.

By the end, over 70 million were dead.

It lasted from 1939 until 1945.


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Causes

WWI and the Treaty of Versailles

AppeasementRise of Totalitarianism


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WWI and the Treaty ofVersailles

Germany lost land tosurrounding nations

War reparations Allies collect $ to pay

back war debts to US Germany pays $57trillion (modern dayequivalent)

Germans are bankrupt,

embarrassed, guiltridden, and angry.

Desperate people turnto desperate leaders


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Appeasement Giving someone something to make them happy and leave you

alone.

Hitler demanded land that wasnt Germanys and others just gave it

to him.

Nations were trying to prevent warit didnt work. (Isolationism)

Appeasement just showed Hitler that he could do whatever he

wanted.


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Peace

in OurTime!


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Rise of Totalitarianism

A system in which the state and its leaderhave nearly TOTAL control.

Individual rights are not viewed as important as the

needs of the nation. No right to vote

No free speech

Government controlled economy

Often a police state


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Totalitarianism

USSR:Communist

Dictatorship

Germany & Italy:Fascist

Dictatorship

Japan:Military

Dictatorship


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Adolf Hitler-Germany

Hideki Tojo -

Japan

Benito Mussolini-Italy

Josef Stalin-USSR


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What is Fascism?

Political belief that says the individual isless important than the nation.

Glorifies violence, believes it is needed toprove strength of a people.

Uses nationalism and racism.

Dictatorships. Italy and then Germany became fascist.


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How did WWII start?

Germany invaded Poland to getlebensraum


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What did Hitler Want?

Militarism- soon after becoming chancellor hebegins rearming Germany breaking the Treaty ofVersailles

Rhineland- moves troops into the Rhineland

territory again breaking the Treaty of Versailles Lebensraum- living space

Austria - annexed peacefully in 1938

Sudetenland territory in Czechoslovakia Given to Germany by Great Britain and France

Hitler then invades the rest of Czechoslovakia Whats this called? ______________________

On to Poland


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How did WWII start?

Germany invaded Poland.

Allies declare war on Germany.

Germany then invades France, Belgium, etc.

Then Hitler invades Russia.

Germans use blitzkrieg to overwhelm other

armies. Blitzkrieg means lightening war in German.

Surround with tanks and troops in trucks.


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Who was on each side?

Axis Powers

Germany

Italy

Japan

Allied Powers

Great Britain

Soviet Union

United States

France

Surrendered to

Germany in 1940 after6 weeks


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What about the Pacific War?

The US (mostly) fought the Japanese.

December 7, 1941 Japan bombed PearlHarbor in Hawaii to sink US ships there.

Two hours = most US navy destroyed and2,000 sailors killed

Japan surrenders after US drops atomic

bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.


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How did WWII end in Europe?

Operation Overlord- Allied invasion ofFrance. Also called D-Day.

Within a month 1 million Allied troops were

stationed in Europe.

Germany is surrounded with the USSR to theeast

Germany surrenders in 1945 after Hitlercommits suicide.


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How did WWII end in Europe?

Alliesdivide Germany up between them.

This helps start the Cold War.

Trials are held in Germany (and Japan) totry the people responsible for the war.

Many are executed and jailed for war crimes.


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What was the Holocaust?

Nazi plan to kill all Jews.

Why? Hitlers provided a to Germanys problems

6 million Jews murdered in camps in Europe.

5 million others (gypsies, mentally ill, homosexuals)

Total of 11 million exterminated

What is genocide?

Purposely trying to exterminate an entire groupof people (ethnic, religious, racial).


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Quick Facts

War Costs US Debt 1940 - $9 Billion

US Debt 1945 - $98 Billion

WWII cost $330 billion10 times thecost of WWI & equivalent to allprevious federal spending since 1776


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Losses of the Major Wartime Powers in WWII,1939-1945

Germany 4.5 million military

2 million civilian

Japan 2 million military

350,000 civilians

Italy 400,000 military

100,000 civilian

China 2.5 million military

7.4 million civilians

USSR 10 million military

10 million civilians

Great Britain 300,000 military

50,000 civilians

France 250,000 military

350,000 civilian

United States 274,000 military

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