WtW Malaysian Insider English Final

7/29/2019 WtW Malaysian Insider English Final

1/34

'Watching the Watchdog'Malaysian Media Coverage of GE13

Final Individual Report: THE MALAYSIAN INSIDER ENGLISH

15/08/13

Dr Tessa J. HoughtonSchool of Modern Languages and Cultures

Director of the Centre for the Study of Communications and CultureUniversity of Nottingham Malaysian Campus

in collaboration with

Comments and feedback welcomed at:

[email protected] 523 4575

or

Masjaliza HamzahExecutive Officer

Centre for Independent [email protected]

03-4023-0772/4024-9840

The work is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0
http://www.nottingham.edu.my/Modern-Languages/index.aspxhttp://www.nottingham.edu.my/Modern-Languages/CentrefortheStudyofCommunicationsandCulture/index.aspxmailto:[email protected]://cijmalaysia.org/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/http://www.nottingham.edu.my/Modern-Languages/CentrefortheStudyofCommunicationsandCulture/index.aspxmailto:[email protected]://cijmalaysia.org/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/http://www.nottingham.edu.my/Modern-Languages/index.aspx


2/34

Table of ContentsExecutive Summary of Key Results for THE MALAYSIAN INSIDER ENGLISH.................................................3Section 1: Media Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions.......................................................................... 5

1.1 Volume of Coverage of Parties & Coalitions......................................................................................... 5Figure 1: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions.......................................................... 5Figure 2: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions: Government vs. Opposition vs.

Independent/Other........................................................................................................................................61.2 Tone of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions...............................................................................7Figure 3: Raw Tonal Coverage Volume of Political Parties & Coalitions............................................7Figure 4: Negative Political Party & Coalition Coverage ....................................................................8Figure 5: Positive Political Party & Coalition Coverage.........................................................................9Figure 6: Tone of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions: Government vs. Opposition vs.Independent/Other.....................................................................................................................................10

Section 2: Media Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures.......................................................................112.1 Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures.......................................................................11

Figure 7: Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures....................................................... 11Figure 8: Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures: Government vs. Opposition vs.Independent/Other.....................................................................................................................................12

2.2 Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures as Sources.......................................................13Figure 9: Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures as Sources........................................13Figures 10: Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures As Sources: Government vs.Opposition vs. Independent/Other..........................................................................................................14

2.3 Tone of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures............................................................................15Figure 11: Raw Tonal Coverage Volume of Politicians & Political Figures......................................15Figure 12: Negative Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures.......................................................16Figure 13: Positive Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures..........................................................17Figure 14: Tone of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures: Government vs. Opposition vs.Independent/Other.....................................................................................................................................18

2.4 Tone of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures As Sources: Attack Politics or Negative

Campaigning......................................................................................................................................................19Figure 15: Attack Politics: Which Politicians and Political Figures Employ 'Attack Politics' MostOften?............................................................................................................................................................ 19Figure 16: Attack Politics: Which Coalition Employs Attack Politics Most Often?..........................20

Section 3: Media Coverage of Issues.................................................................................................................213.1 Volume of Media Coverage of Policy Issues vs. Non-Policy Issues..................................................21

Figure 17: Coverage of Policy Issues vs. Non-Policy Issues.................................................................21Figure 18: Media Coverage of Policy Issues.........................................................................................22Figure 19: Media Coverage of Non-Policy Issues................................................................................23

Section 4: A Brief Methodology..........................................................................................................................24Section 5: Appendix 1 Tables..........................................................................................................................25

Section 6: Appendix 2 Coding Scheme......................................................................................................... 32

2 THE MALAYSIAN INSIDER ENGLISH


3/34

Executive Summary of Key Results for THE MALAYSIANINSIDER ENGLISH

Introduction

Like all modern elections, it the Malaysian 13th General Election was fought primarily through themedia the so-called 'watchdogs' of democracy.

But how effective were Malaysian media outlets at providing fair and objective informationabout national politics? How well did they inform Malaysian citizens about their political environment,and thus enable them to make informed decisions about who to vote for?

The Watching the Watchdog project monitored coverage from 28 media newspapers, televisionnews broadcasts, online news sites as well as the national press agency, in four languages (English,Bahasa Malaysia, Mandarin, and Tamil); in Sabah and Sarawak as well as in Peninsular Malaysia,during the month spanning April 7th to May 7th 2013 (31 days in total). It is a collaboration betweenthe University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus and the Centre for Independent Journalism.

The key results summarised below pertain to the individual publication addressed in this report.

Key Results

In scrutinising the GE13 coverage provided by The Malaysian Insider English, we found the followingtrends:

(1) Coverage of Parties & Coalitions

The coverage of parties and coalitions was remarkably equally split between BN and PR,

with a very slight skew towards PR.

The vast majority of the coverage of political parties and coalitions was neutral in tone (over84%), but with regards to non-neutral material, BN received the most positive and negativecoverage, while PR were attacked the most often.

(2) Coverage of Politicians and Political Figures

Who is talked about the most? And how are they talked about?

The volume of mention-level coverage given to politicians from both coalitions was relativelyequal, but somewhat skewed towards BN.

The vast majority of the coverage of political parties and coalitions was neutral in tone (over81%), but with regards to non-neutral material, BN politicians were given the most positiveand negative coverage, while PR politicians were attacked the most.

Who is used as a source the most? And who engages in attack politics the most?

Najib Razak was the most commonly used as a source, and overall, politicians from both BNwere used as sources much more (37.57%) than politicians from PR (24.67%), who were usedas sources less than independent and other political figures (37.76%).



4/34

Najib Razak was most likely to be engaged in attack politics, followed by MahathirMohamad, Anwar Ibrahim, Lim Kit Siang, then Muhyiddin Yassin.

Overall, BN coalition politicians were engaged in attack politics significantly more often thaneither opposition politicians or independent politicians or political figures.

(3) Policy Issues vs. Non-Policy Issues

Non-Policy Issues were given significantly more coverage than Policy Issues.

The Non-Policy Issue of Ethnicity was the most covered issue overall.



5/34

Section 1: Media Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions

1.1 Volume of Coverage of Parties & Coalitions

Figure 1: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions

BN received the most coverage (32.12%), followed by PR, DAP, PAS & PKR.

Refer to Table 1 for figures.


BN

PRDAP

PAS

PKR

UMNO

MCA

Other

MIC

SAPP

PBS

Gerakan

PSM

PBB

UPKO

PRS

SUPP

PRM

SPDP

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

32.12

17.8711.81

10.44

7.77

7.66

5.77

3.38

1.13

0.71

0.37

0.34

0.31

0.10

0.10

0.08

0.03

0.00

0.00

Volume


6/34

Figure 2: Volume of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions: Government vs.Opposition vs. Independent/Other

Once parties/coalitions' coverage volumes are combined, the volume dedicated to eachmajor coalition is remarkably equal.



BN

PR

Independent

Other

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

47.70

47.89

1.02

3.38

Volume


7/34

1.2 Tone of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions

Figure 3: Raw Tonal Coverage Volume of Political Parties & Coalitions

Of all the tonal categories used in the coverage of political parties and coalitions, the neutralcategory was used very much the most often (84%).


3%8%

84%

5%

Attacked

Negative

NeutralPositive


8/34

Figure 4: Negative Political Party & Coalition Coverage

BN was the most negatively covered (39.54%) party/coalition by a significant margin,followed by PR, MCA, DAP then UMNO.

PR was the most the attacked party/coalition (30.4%), followed by BN, DAP, MCA, thenUMNO.



BN

PR

MCA

DAP

UMNO

PKR

PAS

Other

SAPP

MIC

Gerakan

PRS

PBB

PBS

PRM

PSM

SPDP

SUPPUPKO

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Attacked Negative

Coverage Volume


9/34

Figure 5: Positive Political Party & Coalition Coverage

BN received the most positive (46.88%) and neutral (30.74%) coverage, followed by PR(28.65% and 16.46% respectively).



BN

PR

DAP

PAS

PKR

UMNO

MCAOther

MIC

SAPP

PBS

PSM

Gerakan

PBB

UPKO

PRS

SUPP

PRMSPDP

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Positive Neutral

Coverage Volume


10/34

Figure 6: Tone of Coverage of Political Parties & Coalitions: Government vs.Opposition vs. Independent/Other

When coalition and party coverage is combined into the two opposing coalitions, we can seethat BN received the most positive and negative coverage, while PR were attacked the mostoften.

It should, however, be remembered that the neutral tonal category was overwhelmingly thelargest category.

Refer to Table 4 for figures and below for ratios.

CoverageType

BN : PRTonal

Weighting

Positive 1 : 0.9 5%

Neutral 1 : 1 84%

Negative 1 : 0.7 8%

Attacked 1 : 1.4 3%


Attacked

Negative

Neutral

Positive

Attacked

Negative

Neutral

Positive

Attacked

Negative

Neutral

Positive

BN

PR

Independent & Other

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

40.80

57.52

46.69

52.60

58.40

40.20

48.27

46.88

0.80

2.29

5.03

0.52

Coverage Volume


11/34

Section 2: Media Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

2.1 Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

Figure 7: Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

Only the top 20 most mentioned politicians are shown on this graph.

Out of these 20, Najib Razak received the most mentions by a significant margin (27.82%),

followed by Mahathir Mohamad, Lim Kit Siang, Anwar Ibrahim, then Ibrahim Ali, in that order. Refer to Table 5 for full figures.


Najib Razak

Mahathir Mohamad

Lim Kit Siang

Anwar Ibrahim

Ibrahim Ali

Chua Soi Lek

Nurul Izzah

Muhyiddin Yassin

Rafizi Ramli

Khalid Samad

Karpal Singh

Lim Guan Eng

Khalid Ibrahim

Ambiga Sreenevasan

Nik AzizHadi Awang

Ng Yen Yen

Musa Aman

Jeffrey Kitingan

Teresa Kok

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

27.82

11.64

11.19

9.83

4.84

4.23

3.70

3.55

2.95

2.19

2.04

2.04

1.97

1.51

1.361.21

1.06

0.98

0.91

0.91

Coverage Volume


12/34

Figure 8: Volume of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures: Government vs.Opposition vs. Independent/Other

When the mentions of individual politicians and political figures are combined and mergedinto their respective coalitions, we can see that coverage of figures from both major coalitionswas relatively equal, but somewhat skewed towards BN.



50.7242.48

6.80

BN

PR

Independent/Other


13/34

2.2 Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures as Sources

Figure 9: Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures as Sources

Of the politicians and political figures tracked, Najib Razak was the most commonly used asa source by a significant margin (22.34%), followed by Anwar Ibrahim, EC Spokespeople,then Mahathir Mohamad and Lim Kit Siang.



Najib Razak

Anwar Ibrahim

Election Commission Spokesperson

Mahathir Mohamad

Lim Kit Siang

Muhyiddin Yassin

Lim Guan Eng

Chua Soi Lek

Ambiga Sreenevasan

Khalid Ibrahim

0 5 10 15 20 25

22.34

11.40

8.22

7.29

6.36

4.02

3.83

3.46

2.99

2.15

Coverage Volume


14/34

Figures 10: Volume of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures As Sources: Governmentvs. Opposition vs. Independent/Other

Politicians from both BN were used as sources much more (37.57%) than politicians from PR(24.67%), who were used as sources less than independent and other political figures(37.76%).



37.57

24.67

37.76BN

PR

Independent/Other


15/34

2.3 Tone of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

Figure 11: Raw Tonal Coverage Volume of Politicians & Political Figures

Of all the tonal categories used in the coverage of politicians and political figures, theneutral category is used the most often (81%).


6%

81%

8%5%

Positive

Neutral

Negative

Attacked


16/34

Figure 12: Negative Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

In terms of the tone of mentions of politicians and political figures, Najib Razak received themost negative coverage (30.69%), followed by Mahathir Mohamad, Ibrahim Ali, AnwarIbrahim, then Khalid Ibrahim, in that order.

Lim Kit Siang received the most attacks (27.12%), followed by Najib Razak and MahathirMohamad in second equal place, followed by Anwar Ibrahim then Nurul Izzah.

Refer to Table 8 for full figures.


Najib Razak

Mahathir Mohamad

Ibrahim Ali

Anwar Ibrahim

Khalid Ibrahim

Nurul Izzah

Chua Soi Lek

Lim Guan Eng

Lim Kit Siang

Khalid Samad

Liow Tiong Lai

Teresa Kok

Bernard Dompok

Muhyiddin Yassin

Ng Yen Yen

Hadi Awang

Abdul Rahman Dahlan

Alfred Jabu

Ambiga Sreenevasan

Azmin AliBaru Bian

Chong Chieng Jen

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Attacked Negative

Coverage Volume


17/34

Figure 13: Positive Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures

In terms of the tone of mentions of politicians and political figures, Najib Razak received themost positive (41.98%) and neutral coverage (27.57%) by significant margins.

Anwar Ibrahim received the second most positive coverage, followed by Mahathir Mohamadand Lim Kit Siang in third equal place.



Najib RazakLim Kit Siang

Mahathir Mohamad

Anwar Ibrahim

Ibrahim Ali

Chua Soi Lek

Muhyiddin Yassin

Nurul Izzah

Rafizi Ramli

Karpal Singh

Khalid Samad

Lim Guan Eng

Khalid Ibrahim

Ambiga Sreenevasan

Nik Aziz

Hadi Awang

Musa Aman

Ng Yen Yen

Jeffrey Kitingan

Dzulkefly AhmadTeresa Kok

Mohamad 'Mat' Sabu

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Positive Neutral

Coverage Volume


18/34

Figure 14: Tone of Coverage of Politicians & Political Figures: Government vs.Opposition vs. Independent/Other

Overall, BN politicians were given the most positive and negative coverage, while PRpoliticians were attacked the most.

It should, however, be remembered that the neutral tonal category is overwhelmingly thelargest category.

Refer to Table 9 for figures and below for ratios.

CoverageType

BN : PRTonal

Weighting

Positive 1 : 0.6 6%

Neutral 1 : 0.9 80%

Negative 1 : 0.5 8%

Attacked 1 : 1.2 4%


Attacked

Negative

Neutral

Positive

Attacked

Negative

Neutral

Positive

Attacked

Negative

Neutral

Positive

BN

PR

Independent/ Other

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

44.07

56.44

49.72

55.56

54.24

29.70

43.44

41.98

1.69

13.86

6.84

2.47

Coverage Volume


19/34

2.4 Tone of the Use of Politicians & Political Figures As Sources: AttackPolitics or Negative Campaigning

Figure 15: Attack Politics: Which Politicians and Political Figures Employ 'Attack Politics'

Most Often?

This graph is weighted to show attack politics as a proportion of overall use as source.

Najib Razak was most likely to be engaged in attack politics (25.19%), followed by MahathirMohamad, Anwar Ibrahim, Lim Kit Siang, then Muhyiddin Yassin.



Najib Razak

Mahathir Mohamad

Anwar Ibrahim

Lim Kit Siang

Muhyiddin Yassin

Lim Guan Eng

Khalid Ibrahim

Ambiga Sreenevasan

Chua Soi Lek

Baru Bian

Hadi Awang

Hassan Ali

Jeffrey Kitingan

Musa Aman

Nazri Aziz

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

25.19

20.74

18.52

13.33

11.85

5.93

1.48

0.74

0.74

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

Attack Volume


20/34

Figure 16: Attack Politics: Which Coalition Employs Attack Politics Most Often?

This graph is weighted to show attack politics as a proportion of overall use as source.

Overall, BN coalition politicians were engaged in attack politics significantly more often thaneither opposition politicians or independent politicians or political figures.



58.52

39.26

2.22

BN

PR


21/34

Section 3: Media Coverage of Issues

3.1 Volume of Media Coverage of Policy Issues vs. Non-Policy Issues

Figure 17: Coverage of Policy Issues vs. Non-Policy Issues

More coverage overall was given to Non-Policy Issues than Policy Issues.



26%

74%

Policy Issues

Non-PolicyIssues


22/34

Figure 18: Media Coverage of Policy Issues

Of all policy issues covered, Vision Policies and Programmes were given the most attention,followed by the Economy & Development, then Domestic Policy, Crime & National Security.



29%

4%

20%5%

11%

14%

3%0%

13%

Policy Issues

VisionPolicies/ProgrammesEnvironmentEconomy/DevelopmentEducationForeign PolicyDomestic Policy, Crime &National SecurityOppressive LegislationHealthReligion


23/34

Figure 19: Media Coverage of Non-Policy Issues

Of all Non-Policy Issues, Ethnicity was given the most coverage, followed by SocioeconomicStatus, Electioneering, then Religion and Democracy & Human Rights in fourth equal place.



38%

11%11%

18%

7%

3%

13%

Non-Policy Issues

Ethnicity

Religion

Democracy & Human Rights

Socioeconomic Status

Mudslinging

Gender

Electioneering


24/34

Section 4: A Brief Methodology

Dates analysed: 7/4/13 07/05/13 (nd = 31 days)

Number of data points/references identified and analysed: ndp = 12554

Number of articles identified and analysed: na = 304

Average number of articles/day: na/d = 9.81

Data Collection

The data was collected or 'coded' using sentence-level content analysis. A team of around 70'coders' from all over Malaysia, from both private and public universities, and from civil society,coded their assigned media on a daily basis.

Stories 'coded' were selected according to the following criteria:

They were within the Malaysian news section/s of the newspapers including the front page, orwere the paper's editorial (if they run one).

They were from pre-defined 'Malaysian News' areas of the news websites monitored, with'snapshots' taken at 8pm daily.

They were from within the TV news broadcasts.

They were more than 1/3 about the election, and were news stories as opposed to columns,opinions pieces, letters, etc (with the exception of the paper's own editorial, if present).

Within each story, category/operator references were identified and coded at the sentence level

(from period to period). The 21 categories identified and their sub-categories or 'operators' areoutlined in Appendix 2. These 21 categories form the 'unit of analysis' for this study.

Tone (positive, negative, neutral, attacking, or attacked) was determined based on matching eachreference to a media frame or frames, supportable via emotive/descriptive/subjectivelanguage/vocabulary utilised by the either the news personnel or the source beingquoted/paraphrased. As such, tone is not based upon coder opinion but on linguistic data. Coderswere instructed to 'code as neutral' whenever there was a lack of linguistic data to support apositive/negative/attacking/attacked frame, or whenever they were unsure/conflicted.

Data Analysis

The data was analysed using the open source software package GNU Octave (a multi-disciplinarymathematical data analysis programme capable of SPSS/NVIVO-level statistical analysis, as well asmuch higher-level mathematical analysis). Scripts were composed to count occurrences of key data-codes, as specified by the project's finite code-listing set (see Appendix 2), for every row of codeddata (i.e. every reference). Where appropriate, code-count occurrences have been normalised toprovide the percentage of these key-code occurrences.

http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/http://www.gnu.org/software/octave/


25/34

Section 5: Appendix 1 Tables


TABLE 1

Party Percentage

BN 32.118

DAP 11.808

Gerakan 0.34112

MCA 5.7728

MIC 1.1283

PAS 10.443

PBB 0.10496

PBS 0.36736

PKR 7.767

PR 17.869

PRS 0.078719

PRM 0PSM 0.31488

SAPP 0.70848

SPDP 0

SUPP 0.02624

UMNO 7.662

UPKO 0.10496

Other 3.3849

TABLE 2

Party Percentage Coalition Percentage

BN 32.118

BN 47.704459

Gerakan 0.34112

MCA 5.7728

MIC 1.1283

PBB 0.10496

PBS 0.36736

PRS 0.078719

SPDP 0

SUPP 0.02624

UMNO 7.662

UPKO 0.10496

PR 17.869

PR 47.887DAP 11.808

PAS 10.443

PKR 7.767

PRM 0

Independent 1.02336PSM 0.31488

SAPP 0.70848

Other 3.3849 Other 3.3849

TABLE 3

Attacked Negative Neutral Positive TOTAL

BN 27.2 39.542 30.738 46.875 144.355

DAP 20.8 8.8235 12.029 7.8125 49.465

Gerakan 0.8 0.3268 0.34821 0 1.47501

MCA 7.2 9.8039 5.5397 2.6042 25.1478

MIC 0 0.65359 1.2979 0 1.95149

PAS 4 5.5556 11.396 7.8125 28.7641

PBB 0 0 0.12662 0 0.12662

PBS 0 0 0.44318 0 0.44318

PKR3.2 6.8627 8.3887 2.6042

21.0556

PR 30.4 18.954 16.461 28.646 94.461

PRS 0.8 0.3268 0.031656 0 1.158456

PRM 0 0 0 0 0

PSM 0 0 0.37987 0 0.37987

SAPP 0 0.98039 0.72808 0.52083 2.2293

SPDP 0 0 0 0 0

SUPP 0 0 0.031656 0 0.031656

UMNO 4.8 6.8627 8.0089 3.125 22.7966

UPKO 0 0 0.12662 0 0.12662

Other 0.8 1.3072 3.9253 0 6.0325

Parties &Coalitions


26/34


TABLE 4

BN

Attacked 40.8

Negative 54.7315

Neutral 46.692442

Positive 52.6042

PR

Attacked 58.4

Negative 40.1958

Neutral 48.2747

Positive 46.8752

Attacked 0.8

Negative 2.28759

Neutral 5.03325

Positive 0.52083

Independent &

Other

TABLE 5

Politician/Political Figure

Abdul Rahman Dahlan 0

Alfred Jabu 0.15117

Ambiga Sreenevasan 1.5117

Anwar Ibrahim 9.8262Azmin Ali 0.075586

Baru Bian 0

Bernard Dompok 0.15117

Chong Chieng Jen 0

Chua Soi Lek 4.2328

Dzulkefly Ahmad 0.75586

Elizabeth Wong 0

G. Palanivel 0

Hadi Awang 1.2094

Hassan Ali 0.15117

Hishamuddin Hussein 0.45351

Ibrahim Ali 4.8375

James Masing 0

Jeffrey Ki tingan 0.90703

Karpal Singh 2.0408

Khalid Ibrahim 1.9652

Khalid Samad 2.192

Lim Guan Eng 2.0408

Lim Kit Siang 11.187

Liow Tiong Lai 0.60469

Mahathir Mohamad 11.64

Maximus Ongkili 0

Mohamad 'Mat' Sabu 0.68027

Muhyiddin Yassin 3.5525

Musa Aman 0.98262

Najib Razak 27.816

Ng Yen Yen 1.0582

Nik Aziz 1.3605

Nizar Jamaluddin 0.075586

Nurul Izzah 3.7037

Rafizi Ramli 2.9478Rosmah Mansur 0.30234

Siti Mariah Mahmud 0

Taib Mahmud 0.075586

Teresa Kok 0.90703

Tian Chua 0.22676

Tony Pua 0.37793

William Mawan 0

Wong Ho Leng 0

Wong Soon Koh 0

Yong Teck Lee 0

Percentage(mention)


27/34


TABLE 6

Politician/Political Figure Party etc. Percentage Coalition Percentage

Chua Soi Lek

MCA 5.89569

BN 50.718246

Liow Tiong Lai

Ng Yen Yen

G. Palanivel MIC 0

Alfred Jabu PBB 0.226756Taib Mahmud

Maximus Ongkili PBS 0

James Masing PRS 0

William Mawan SPDP 0

Wong Soon Koh SUPP 0

Abdul Rahman Dahlan

UMNO 44.44463

Hishamuddin Hussein

Mahathir Mohamad

Muhyiddin Yassin

Musa AmanNajib Razak

Bernard Dompok UPKO 0.15117

Chong Chieng Jen

DAP 16.55356

PR 42.479452

Karpal Singh

Lim Guan Eng

Lim Kit Siang

Teresa Kok

Tony Pua

Wong Ho Leng

Dzulkefly Ahmad

PAS 6.273616

Hadi Awang

Khalid Samad

Mohamad 'Mat' Sabu

Nik Aziz

Nizar Jamaluddin

Siti Mariah Mahmud

Anwar Ibrahim

PKR 19.652276

Azmin Ali

Baru Bian

Elizabeth Wong

Jeffrey Ki tinganKhalid Ibrahim

Nurul Izzah

Rafizi Ramli

Tian Chua

Ambiga Sreenevasan Bersih 1.5117

6.80271

Hassan Ali Independent 0.15117

Ibrahim Ali Perkasa 4.8375

Rosmah Mansur 0.30234

Yong Teck Lee SAPP 0

Independent/Ot

her'1st lady'


28/34


TABLE 7

Politician/Political Figure Coalition Percentage

Chua Soi Lek 3.4579

BN 37.569586



Musa Aman 0.28037Najib Razak 22.336

Nazri Aziz 0.093458

Taib Mahmud 0.093458

Anwar Ibrahim 11.402

PR 24.672978

Baru Bian 0

Hadi Awang 0.84112

Jeffrey Kitingan 0


Lim Guan Eng 3.8318


Nik Aziz 0.093458


Independent 37.7569

Hassan Ali 0

Vox Pop Male 6.9159

Vox Pop Female 1.215

18.411

8.2243

Percentage

(source)

Public Opinion/Vox PopGeneral

Election CommissionSpokesperson


29/34


TABLE 8

Politician/Political Figure Attacked Negative Neutral Positive

Abdul Rahman Dahlan 0 0 0 0

Alfred Jabu 0 0 0.095057 0

Ambiga Sreenevasan 0 0 1.8061 1.2346

Anwar Ibrahim 11.864 11.881 9.1255 12.346

Azmin Ali 0 0 0.095057 0Baru Bian 0 0 0 0

Bernard Dompok 0 0.9901 0.095057 0

Chong Chieng Jen 0 0 0 0

Chua Soi Lek 3.3898 2.9703 4.3726 3.7037

Dzulkefly Ahmad 0 0 0.85551 0

Elizabeth Wong 0 0 0 0

G. Palanivel 0 0 0 0

Hadi Awang 1.6949 0 1.2357 2.4691

Hassan Ali 0 0 0.19011 0

Hishamuddin Hussein 0 0 0.57034 0Ibrahim Ali 1.6949 13.861 4.4677 1.2346

James Masing 0 0 0 0

Jeffrey Kitingan 0 0 1.0456 1.2346

Karpal Singh 0 0 2.5665 0

Khalid Ibrahim 0 5.9406 1.9011 0

Khalid Samad 0 1.9802 2.2814 3.7037

Lim Guan Eng 1.6949 2.9703 2.0913 1.2346

Lim Kit Siang 27.119 1.9802 11.597 6.1728

Liow Tiong Lai 0 1.9802 0.57034 0

Mahathir Mohamad 20.339 17.822 9.8859 6.1728

Maximus Ongkili 0 0 0 0

Mohamad 'Mat' Sabu 0 0 0.76046 1.2346

Muhyiddin Yassin 0 0.9901 3.9924 3.7037

Musa Aman 0 0 1.2357 0

Najib Razak 20.339 30.693 27.567 41.975

Ng Yen Yen 0 0.9901 1.2357 0

Nik Aziz 0 0 1.4259 3.7037

Nizar Jamaluddin 0 0 0.095057 0

Nurul Izzah 8.4746 3.9604 3.4221 4.9383

Rafizi Ramli 0 0 3.4221 3.7037

Rosmah Mansur 0 0 0.38023 0Siti Mariah Mahmud 0 0 0 0

Taib Mahmud 0 0 0.095057 0

Teresa Kok 3.3898 0.9901 0.85551 0

Tian Chua 0 0 0.28517 0

Tony Pua 0 0 0.38023 1.2346

William Mawan 0 0 0 0

Wong Ho Leng 0 0 0 0

Wong Soon Koh 0 0 0 0

Yong Teck Lee 0 0 0 0


30/34


TABLE 9

BN

Attacked 44.0678

Negative 56.4358

Neutral 49.715151

Positive 55.5552

PR

Attacked 54.2372

Negative 29.7028

Neutral 43.441194

Positive 41.9757

Attacked 1.6949

Negative 13.861

Neutral 6.84414

Positive 2.4692

Independent/

Other

TABLE 10

Politician/Political Figure Coalition Percentage

Chua Soi Lek 0.74074

BN 58.51874



Musa Aman 0

Najib Razak 25.185

Nazri Aziz0Taib Mahmud 0

Anwar Ibrahim 18.519

PR 39.2594

Baru Bian 0

Hadi Awang 0

Jeffrey Ki tingan 0


Lim Guan Eng 5.9259


Nik Aziz 0


Independent 2.22224

Hassan Ali 0

Vox Pop Male 0

Vox Pop Female 0

1.4815

0

Percentage

(source +attacking)

Public Opinion/Vox PopGeneral

Election CommissionSpokesperson


31/34


TABLE 11

Issues Coverage PI/NPI Coverage

Vision Policies/Programmes 4.6

Policy Issues 15.892872

Environment 0.63222Economy/Development 3.1611

Education 0.80663

Foreign Policy 1.7877

Domestic Policy, Crime & National Security 2.2455

Oppressive Legislation 0.52322

Health 0.065402

Religion 2.0711

Ethnicity 17.288

46.0868

Religion 4.9052

Democracy & Human Rights 5.2104

Socioeconomic Status 8.2407

Mudslinging 3.2701

Gender 1.2644

Electioneering 5.908

Non-PolicyIssues


32/34

Section 6: Appendix 2 Coding Scheme

1. Politician or Political Figure (Mentioned)

1. Abdul Rahman Dalan

2. Alfred Jabu3. Ambiga Sreenevasan4. Anwar Ibrahim5. Azmin Ali6. Baru Bian7. Bernard Dompok8. Chong Chieng Jen9. Chua Soi Lek10. Dzulkefly Ahmad11. Elizabeth Wong12. G. Palanivel13. Hadi Awang14. Hassan Ali15. Hishamuddin Hussein

16. James Masing17. Jeffrey Kitingan18. Karpal Singh19. Khalid Ibrahim20. Khalid Samad21. Lim Guan Eng22. Lim Kit Siang23. Liow Tiong Lai24. Mahathir Mohamad25. Maximus Ongkili26. Mohamad 'Mat' Sabu27. Muhyiddin Yassin28. Musa Aman

29. Najib Razak30. Ng Yen Yen31. Nik Aziz32. Nizar Jamaluddin33. Nurul Izzah34. Rafizi Ramli35. Rosmah Mansur36. Siti Mariah Mahmud37. Taib Mahmud38. Teresa Kok39. Tian Chua40. Tony Pua41. William Mawan42. Wong Ho Leng

43. Wong Soon Koh44. Yong Teck Lee

2. Politicians or Political Figure (Used as a Source)

1. Ambiga Sreenevasan (Bersih)2. Anwar Ibrahim (PKR)3. Baru Bian4. Chua Soi Lek5. Hadi Awang6. Hassan Ali7. Jeffrey Kitingan8. Khalid Ibrahim9. Lim Guan Eng

10. Lim Kit Siang11. Mahathir Mohamad

12. Muhyiddin Yassin13. Musa Aman14. Najib Razak

15. Nazri Aziz16. Nik Aziz17. Taib Mahmud18. Vox Pop Male19. Vox Pop Female20. Public Opinion/Vox Pop General21. Election Commission Spokesperson

3. Party or Coalition

1. BN (Barisan Nasional)2. DAP (Democratic Action Party)3. Gerakan (Malaysian People's Movement

Party)

4. MCA (Malaysian Chinese Association)5. MIC (Malaysian Indian Congress)6. PAS (Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party)7. PBB (Parti Besaka Bumputera Bersatu)8. PBS (Parti Bersatu Sabah)9. PKR (People's Justice Party)10. PR (Pakatan Rakyat)11. PRS (Sarawak People's Party)12. PRM (Parti Rakyat Malaysia)13. PSM (Parti Sosialis Malaysia)14. SAPP (Sabah Progressive Party)15. SPDP (Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party)16. SUPP (Sarawak United People's Party)

17. UMNO (United Malays National Organisation)18. UPKO (United Pasokmomogun KadazandusunMurut Organisation)

4. Organisations

1. Bersih2. Community-based organisations.3. Democracy- or human rights-oriented

organisations (excluding Bersih)4. Environmentally-oriented organisations5. Ethnicity-oriented organisations6. JATI7. Perkasa8. Professionals organisations9. Religious organisations.10. Trade Unions11. Womens' rights or issues focused organisations.12. Youth or student focused organisations13. Election Commission

5. Policy Issues

1. Vision Policies or Programmes1. 1Malaysia2. GTP (Government Transformation

Programme)3. ETP (Economic Transformation Programme)

4. NKRA (National Key Results Areas)5. NEP/'Bumiputeraism'



33/34

6. PAS's Welfare State7. PKR's Buku Jingga8. NEM (New Economic Model)9. 'Transformasi'10. BN Manifesto11. PR Manifesto12. Other

2. Environment1. Deforestation/Land Rights2. Recycling3. Lynas4. Polluting Industries (non-Lynas)5. Damming Projects6. Other

3. Economy/Development1. Recession2. Welfare3. Unemployment4. Poverty5. Privatisation6. Growth/FDI7. FTA/Globalisation8. Inflation/Price Rises9. Infrastructure10. Housing11. Other

4. Education1. Vernacular Schools2. Access3. PPSMI4. Academic Freedom5. System

6. PTPTN7. Other

5. Foreign Policy1. Western World2. Singapore (Mentions of)3. Singapore (Comparison with)4. China5. India6. Islamic World7. Israel/Palestine8. Indonesia9. Other

6. Domestic Policy, Crime, & National Security1. Immigration2. Illegals/Refugees3. Terrorism (not Lahad Datu)4. Crime5. Lahad Datu Incident6. Other

7. Oppressive Legislation1. ISA (Internal Security Act)2. AUKU/UUCA (Universities and University

Colleges Act 1971)3. Sedition Act

4. PPPA (Printing Presses and Publication Act)5. PAA (Peaceful Assembly Act 2012)

6. SOSMA (Security Offences (SpecialMeasures) Act 2012)

7. Other

8. Health1. 1Care2. Other

9. Religion1. Apostasy2. Islamic State3. Hudud4. Conversion (into Islam)5. 'Allah' issue6. Other

6. Non-Policy Issues

1. Ethnicity1. Malaysia2. Chinese3. Indian/South Asian4. Orang Asli5. Orang Asal, Sabah & Sarawak6. Thai7. Portuguese/Eurasian8. Malay Rights9. Other

2. Religion1. Islam2. Buddhism/Taoism3. Hinduism4. Christianity5. Sikhism

6. Religious Freedom (non-apostasy related)7. Interfaith Dialogue/Unity8. Interfaith Friction9. Other

3. Democracy & Human Rights1. General Corruption2. Electoral Corruption3. Media Freedom4. Electoral Reform5. Electoral Legislation6. 2-Party System7. Protest/Rallies8. Other

4. Socioeconomic Sectors1. Middle Class/Professionals2. Working Class3. Aristocracy/Monarchy4. Civil Service5. Military and Police6. FELDA7. Plantation/Estate Workers8. Chine New Villagers9. Senior Citizens/Retirees10. RELA/Wataniah11. Urban

12. Rural13. Cost of Living



34/34

14. Other

5. Territory1. Kuala Lumpur2. Labuan3. Putrajaya4. Johor5. Kedah

6. Kelantan7. Malacca8. Negeri Sembilan9. Pahang10. Perak11. Perlis12. Penang13. Sabah14. Sarawak15. Selangor16. Terengganu17. Sarawak Independence18. Sabah Independence

6. Mudslinging1. Anwar/Sodomy2. Altantuya3. Rosmah4. Penang CM5. Selangor CM6. NFC7. Arms Deals8. Psy/CNY Concert9. Project IC10. Taib Mahmud and Logging Expose11. Other

7. Gender

1. Sexuality2. Women in politics3. Personal/Private life4. Womens' Issues5. LGBT/Q6. Appearance

7. Sexism8. Other

8. Electioneering1. Event-specific Gifts2. Handouts3. Timely Developments4. Election Promises5. Baby-kissing6. Cybertroopers/Social Media War7. Other

WtW Malaysian Insider English Final

Documents

Transcript of WtW Malaysian Insider English Final