w;s.re wekagka m%§mhcolomboarchdiocesancatholicpress.com/archive/2020... · 8/23/2020 · jeä...
Transcript of w;s.re wekagka m%§mhcolomboarchdiocesancatholicpress.com/archive/2020... · 8/23/2020 · jeä...
YS% ,xldfõ m<jk bme/‚u isxy, mqj;am; ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeksod b˙∞ 155 fjΩu 12 l,n i;sm;d m;%h - msgq 24 - ñ, re' 50'00 mqj;am;la f,i ,shdm†xÑ lrk ,†' QD/75/NEWS/2020
dkd¾:m%§mh
wdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
Ñrx ch;= kj ro.=re ysñmdfKks°
w;s.re wekagka
rxð;a udysñ
ro.=re wNsfIal
úfYaI w;sf¾lh
j;a;, †idjg wh;a je,a,m,a,sh óifï Y=oaOjQ iΩOd;= foaj ud;djkaf.a foajia:dkfha jdr®Isl ux.,Hh fi!LH ksr®foaYhkag wkql+,j bl=;a b˙∞ ^26 ∞& pdï tfy;a wr®:j;a wkaoñka is≥flre◊' úfYaI ux., foaj fufyhla is≥fkdflreKo isxy, niska foaj fufyhka y;rlao" fou< yd bx.S%is niska tla foaj fufy-hla ne.skao is≥ flre◊' tu foaj fufyhka i|yd fldÜGdY uÜgñka ie±yej;=ka iydNd.s lrùug óiï fiajl" w‚;a lu,a ;sfiard .re msh;=ud m%uqL ux., lñgqj lghq;= fhd∞ ;sì◊' fmr†k fikiqrd∞ miajrefõ foajud;d m%;sudj /.;a or®YkSh r:h muKla .ujgd ù† ixpdrh is≥flreKq w;r ie±yej;=ka udr®.h fomi isg f.!rjdpdrh
±laùug muKla wdrCIl wxY wjia:dj i<id ;sì◊'
igyk - ñ,dka foaYms%h · fiahd - iageksia,ia mhia
fldfrdakd jix.;h ksid wekysg ;snQ oUfo◊h óifï
wfmdaia;=Ωjrekaf.a rdf–Yaj˙hf.a foajia:dkfha ish¨u iñ;s iud.ï
j,g kj mKla foñka u˙h yuqodj we;=Ω id' úkaikao mdjq,d iñ;sh
úiqrejd yer ta i|yd kj ks,Od˙ u~q,a,la miq.shod m;alr .kakd ,°'
tys óiï fiajl moúfha u˙h yuq∞ wOHCI .re k,ska m%kdka≥
msh;=udf.a woyila wkqj is≥l< fuu ixj;air W;aijh i|yd
l=reKE., moú uKav,fha ks,Od˙ka fom,lao iyNd.s úh' fuu
iñ;sh jir 22 olajd fuf;la f.k taug mQr®K iyfhda.h ±lajQ
ishÆu fokdg ia;+;s l< .re msh;=ud idud‚lhskaf.a Wkka≥j
yd lemùu o w.h l<y' kj ks,Od˙ u~q,a,go iqn m;ñka fuu
ohd fiajdfõ jákdlu meye†,s lrñka wms ks;ru mrdr®:ldñj
wka whf.a hym; .ek is;d lghq;= l,hq;= nj;a tjeks whg
foúhkajykafiaf.a wdYsr®jdoh yd jrm%ido nyq,j ,efnk nj;a
m%ldY lrk ,°' miqj iqΩ ix.%yhlska miq W;aijfha lghq;= ksud
lrk ,°'
ys,avd l=udrfmare
moúfhka moúhg dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks od b˙∞
02
ls%'j'2016lajQckjd˙17b˙∞
xdkdr®:m%°mh
1866 - 2016 dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh(1866cQks07
moúfhka moúhg 02
.re fgrkaia fnda†hdn≥f.a msh;=udf.a mQcl †úhg ;sia jirla ims¯u ksñ;af;ka zu˙h ud;djkag kï ;sylaZ uefhka ,shQ kj;u .%J:h miq.sh∞ t;=ud fld<U w.ro.=re w;sW;=ï ue,alï ld†k,a rx‚;a ysñmdKka fj; ms<s.ekajQ wjia:dj' foaj ud;djka ms<sn| foaj Odr®ñl yd ft;sydisl uQ,dY% weiqfrka fuh rpkd lr ;sfí'
w'fmd'i ^Wiia fm<& úNd.h iu;a isiq isiqúhkag iy m%d:ñl fY%aKs j, fiajh lrk .=reNj;=kaf.a jD;a;Sh ÈhqKqjg wjia:d i,ik Wmdê mdGud,djls' mdGud,d ld,h wjqreÿ 04 la jk w;r isxy," fou< yd bx.s%iS udOHhkaf.ka mj;ajkq ,efí'we;=,;aùfï iqÿiqlï - 03 jk uÜgu whÿïm;a Ndr .kakd Èkg wjqreÿ 18 g fkdwvq ùu¦ iy
Y%S ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,h uÕska mj;ajdf.k hkq ,nk fmr mdi,a wOHdmkh ms<sn`o Wiia iy;sl
m;% jevigyk iu;aj isàu¦ fyda
w'fmd'i ^Wiia fm<& úNd.fhka wju jYfhka úIhhka ;=klska iu;aj isàu iy w'fmd'i' ^idudkH
fm<& úNd.fhka NdIdj iy .Ks;h we;=`:j úIhhka yhlska iu;aj isàu¦ fyda
Y%S ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,h u`.ska mj;ajkq ,nk mokï mdGud,d m<uq iy fojk uÜgï j,§ wju
jYfhka iïudk 54 lg ^2017$2018 wOHhk j¾Ihg fmr& iïudk 36 lg ^2017$2018 wOHhk j¾Ihg
miq& iEfyk mdGud,d m%udKhlska iu;a j iSàu iy wOHhk fmdÿ iy;slm;% idudkH fm< úNd.
fhka NdIdj iy .Ks;h we;=¿j úIhhka yhlska iu;a j isàu¦ fyda
cd;sl wOHdmk úoHdmSG uÕska mj;ajkq ,nk cd;sl YslaIK úoHd ämaf,daud mdGud,dj ,nd isàu
fyda
rcfha .=re úoHd, uÕska m%odkh lrkq ,nk .=re mqyqKq iy;slh ,nd isàu'
whÿïlrejka Y%S ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,h uÕska 2020 iema;eïn¾ ui 26 iy 27 hk Èkhka ys§
mj;ajkq ,nk f;dard .ekSfï mßlaIKhg fmkS isáh hq;=h'
whÿïm;a .dia;=j re'600$(mdGud,d ld,h wjqreÿ 04whÿïm;a Ndr.ekSfï wjidk Èkh 2020'09'15fuu jevigyk i|yd https://payment.ou.ac.lk fjí wvúhg msúiSu uÕska whÿï l< yels w;r jevigyk
ms<sn| úia;r we;=<;a w;afmd; https://www.ou.ac.lk fjí wvúhg msúiSu uÕska ,nd .; yelsh'
5 jk uÜgu i`oydo whÿïm;% le`ojd we;s neúka fjí wvúhg msúi f;dr;=re ,nd.kak'jeä úia;r i|yd Y%S ,xld újD; úYajúoHd,h" kdj," kqf.af.dv uyck iïnkaO;d wxYh wu;kak'
^ÿrl:k wxl 0112881399$0112881400$0112881256 &
.re whsjka fmf¾rd msh;=ud"cd;sl yd w.ro.=re moú wOHdmk wOHCI" fm!oa.,sl mdi,a idudkHdêldÍ ^n'm&lf;da,sl wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" w.ro.=re ksji" fld<U- 08
«kdr®: m%°mh m%Odk lr®;D .re leñ,ia m%kdka≥ msh;=ud ,shQ l;=jels weiqfrka f;dard.;a l;=jels 101 wvx.= lr iïmdokh l< zl;= jelsfhka ckyogZ .%J:h bl=;a ∞ fld<U w.ro.=re w;sW;=ï ue,alï ld†k,a rx‚;a ysñmdKka fj; ms<s.ekajQ whqre'
jl=.vqjla blaukska noaO ls¯ug wjYH frda.sfhl=g ta i|yd jl=.
vqjla m˙;Hd. ls¯ug leu;s flfkl=f.ka .,alsiafia m†xÑ mjqf,a
wh b,a,Sula lrhs' jeä≥r úia;r i|yd 0781581063 hk ≥rl:k
wxlhg lreKdlr wu;kak'
tfâruq,a, 218$21 ksjfia m†xÑ tï' ta' jika; l=udr fmfr®rd
kue;s 42 yeú˙† foore mshd oreKq jl=.vq frda.hlska fmf,k w;r
Tyqg blaukska jl=.vqjla noaO l< hq;= njg rd.u ^W;=re fld<U
YslaIK& frdayf,a jl=.vq frda. ms<sn| úfYaI ffjoH †ks;a.,nv
uy;d ksr®foaY lr ;sfí' Tyqg wjYH z´Z fmdisáõ fyda z´Z fk.áõ
jr®.fha jl=.vqjla ,nd†h yels m˙;Hd.YS,sfhl= fõ kï ta nj
^0725712802$ 0728640800& ≥rl;k wxlhg ±kqï fok f,i Tyqf.a
ì˙| or®Yks b,a,Sula lrhs'
Y%S ,xld újD; úYaj úoHd,hm%d:ñl wOHdmkh ms<sn| wOHdmkfõ§ ^f.!rj& Wmdê
jevigyk 2020$2021 wOHhk j¾Ih i|yd isiqka n|jd .ekSuB. Ed. (Hon.) in Primary Education
oUfo◊Ksh óifï úkafika;shdkqjkaf.a iñ;shg kj ks,Odrs uXq,a,la
mß;Hd.YS,shl=f.ka 'A+' j¾.fha jl=.vqjla b,a,hs
jl=.vqjla oka§ foore mshdf.a Ôú;h /lfokak
fudrgqj id' finia;shka ú≥yf,a w†hqre msh;=ud jYfhka fiajfha fh° isák fudfyd;l" Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska fld<U iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka f,i m;a lrk ,o w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a udysusmdKkag mdi,a ud;djf.a iuq.ekSu iksgqyka l< †jH mqcdjla yd flá W;aijhla ixúOdkh lr ;snq◊' fuu wjia:djg mdif,a Wm ú≥y,am;s .re YS%hdka; r;akfialr msh;=ud" m%d:ñl wxYfha ú≥y,am;s .re b≥ks,a iïm;a msh;=ud" .re bhka msh;=ud" .re .euqKq msh;=ud we;=Ω mdif,a meú† fidhq˙hka" .=re uy;au uy;aóka yd orjeka iyNd.s úh'
wisl ms%hor®Yk
ro.=rejrhg kï l< úÿy,am;s msh;=udg mdif,ka iuq§ulaæ
Ñrx ch;=
,nk fikiqrd∞ wf.daia;= ui 29 jeks∞ fld<U - fldgfyak idka; Æishd wdik foõue∫re
m˙Y%fha ° fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha f;jk iyhl ro.=rejrhdKka f,i w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka wìfiia lrkq ,nhs'
hdmkh" zmqxÑ j;sldkhZ kï wmr kï,;a" lrïfmdï" lhsÜia fmfoiska YS% ,xld lf;da,sl iNdjg ohdo lrk wgjk ro.=rejrhdKka jk fu;=ud ;s%l=Kdu, ro.=re moúfha tfårdKkaj fiajh lr ±ka bisUq ,nd isák w;s.re fcdaima lsxia,s iajdñms,af,hs ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a o «;s mq;%fhls'
cd;sjdoh" m%dfoaYShjdoh" .ïjdoh msáirhd jeks jdofNao ;sfnk rgl" fu;=ud uhsl,a weka;ks yd Or®ud fi,aj≥frhs hqj,g ∞j ksjqka orefjl= f,i Wm; ,nkafka jr®I 1966 iema;eïnr® ui 23 jeks∞ hdmkfha °h' Tyq iu. Wmka Tyqf.a ksjqka ifydaorhd w‚;ah' Tyq oeka úfoaY.;h' tjl uhsl,a weka;ks uy;d fld<U YS% ,xld uyd nexl=fõ fiajh lrñka isáfhka m%d:ñl wOHdmkh w;afmd;a ;nkakg ;u mq;a rx‚;a fld<U - fldgfyafka idka; fnkäla ú≥y,g ^1973& we;=Ω lrhs' mshdf.a y†is wNdjh;a iu. ish uj iu. h<s hdmkfha m†xÑhg hk rx‚;af.a b†˙h ,shfjkafka tys°h' fldgfyak idka; fnkäla ú≥yf,ka werô m%d:ñl wOHdmkfha b;s˙h;a oaú;sl wOHdmk lghq;= ish,a,;a imqrd.kakg hdmkh idka; meá%la ú≥y,g we;=Ωjk ^1974-1985& rx‚;a 1985 ° Wiia wOHdmk iy;slh ,nd" hdmkh iriúfhka úoHd Wmdêh †kd.kakg iu;a fõ' ish úoHd Wmdê iy;slh;a iu. hdmkfha idka; m%ekaisia fiaúhr® foõi;ay,g we;=Ωj ^1985-1988& or®Yk Ydia;% Wmdêh olajd bf.k" or®Ykm;s Wmdêh o hdmkh iriúfhka ,nd .kshs'
wk;=rej tjl fld<U w.ro.=re moú ±rE i. iem;a w;s W;a;u ksla,ia udlia m%kdka≥ ysñmdKkaf.a wkque;sfhka fld<Ug iïm%dma;j fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha mQcl isiqfjl= f,i jr®I 1995 ° uykqjr wïmsáfha cd;sl foõi;ayf,a foaj Or®u Ydia;%h y∞rd" f;ajdpd˙ moúh;a mQcd;ajrh;a ,nd.kakd .re ms,af,hskdh.ï msh;=uka fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha iyhl ro.=re kul f,i m;aùu wis˙u;a is≥ùuls'
tu m;aùu ;=<ska hi rÛg TmuÜgï lrkq ,enqfha lf;da,sl hk jofka ienE wre;hs" kshu wre;hs' ta u.ska jeäuk;a ≥rg lf;da,sl hkq úYajhSh wre; fok jokla nj Tmamqlr olajhs'
fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha f;jk iyhl ro.=rejrhdKka f,i ,nk fikiqrd∞ fldgfyak idka; Æishd wdik foõue∫re m˙Y%fha ° wìfiia ,nk fudkaisxf∆a wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka mQcl mqyqKqj i|y f;dard.;a isiqka m<uq fojir fyda f;jir ld, iSudj ;=< y∞rkq ,nk or®Ykjdoh ms<sn| mdGud,dj;a" f,daldhl úIh m;hg .efkk úoHd Wmdêh;a fu;=ud y∞rd tu lafIa;% i|yd ms˙kukq ,nk Wmdê oajhu ,nd we;af;a hdmkh iriúfhks'
i. iem;a w;s W;a;u ksla,ia udlia m%kdka≥ ysñmdKka fld<U w.ro.=re moú ±rE oji t;=udf.a wkque;sfhka fld<U w.ro.=re moúhg we;=,aj fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha mshkul f,i 2000 jifr® iema;eïnr® ui 16 jeks∞ idka; Æishd wdik foõue∫fr® mq±≥re jrï ,nkafka o t;=ukaf.a iqr;sks' fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha kjl mshkul f,i tys lf;da,sl úoHd, lsysmhl b;d m%YxikSh fiajhla lrñka ish ku /ka¥ fu;=ud .ek uf.a u;lfha /£ we;s tla jeo.;a is≥ùula fï wjia:dfõ u;=lr ±laùu hq;=hhs uu l,amkd lrñ' úúO fya;=ka ksid ixúOdkj fkdisáh;a" mqoa., ;,fhka w,am ud;%hl jdishla fyda
;uka fjkqfjka fkdfidhñka" fkd,nñka tfy;a b;d lemùfuka i;sw. m<flfrk lf;da,sl mqj;am;a jk z«kdr®: m%°mhZ yd zuefikacr®Z m;a oajfhau iqyo mqj;a jdr®;dlrejka$ f,aLl f,aÅldjka f,i w.kd fiajhla lrk tfy;a úisr isák Tjqka talrdYs lrkakg fld<U w.ro.=re moú Ndr tfårdKka jk w;s W;a;u ue,alï ld†k,a rx‚;a ysñmdKkaf.a wkque;sfhka yd wdYSr®jdofhka" wm ueoy;aj zm%°m f,aLl ixiohZ ìysjq◊'
tfia uq, mqrk ,o zm%°m f,aLl ixiofhaZ" wjOdkh fhduqjQfha l,afkdhjdu WKq WKqfõu iuia; lf;da,sl f,aLl m%cdj w.h lrñka zls;= wìukaZ kñka Tjqkag Wmydr olajk ziïudk /hlaZ ixúOdkh ls¯uh' tu iïudk - Wmydr /h - fld<U ur∞fka idka; fcdaima ú≥yf,a fndkacka Yd,dfõ meje;aùu wfma wfmaCIdj úh'
fï mss<sn|j ú≥y,am;s .re fÜ%úia f.aì%h,a msh;=uka iu. ≥rl;kfhka wms idlÉPd lf<uq' wfma jev ie,eiau by,ska w.h lrñka" ú≥yf,a fndkacka Yd,dj iïudk - Wmydr Wf,< i|yd fjkalr °ug tlÛ jQ ú≥y,am;s msh;=ud ;;a ldrKh Wm ú≥y,am;s mshku yuqj l;d lr.kakd f,i wm ±kqj;a lf<ah' wms ta yd iu.u Wm ú≥y,am;s mshku uqK .eiqfkuq'
wfma wjYH;djhg b;d ,ne¢j ijka ≥ka msh;=ud ish ks, l=áfhka neyerj" wm iu. wm b,a,d isá fndkacka Yd,dj o n,d" wfma wjYH;djfha iajrEmh wkqj ;;a Yd,dfõ bvlv m%udKj;a fkdjk nj wmg ta;a;=.kajd ta fjkqjg jvd bvlv we;s idka; fcdaima lS%vd m˙Y%h fhd∞.kakg wmg Wmfoia ≥ks'
ta iu.u ;;a lS%vd m˙Y%h Ndrj lghq;= lrk ks,Od˙ uy;aud wm yuqjg le|jd wmf.a wjYH;djhkag i˙,k f,i wjYH lghq;= i|yd mshjr .kag Wmfoia fokq ,enqfõ wm b†˙fha" ta fudfydf;a°uh' Wm ú≥y,am;s msh;=uka wm fjkqfjka lghq;= l< wdldrh uf.a is;a ys fkdueflk igyka ;nkakg iu;aúh' uu t;=ukaf.a jev ms<sfj< b;d by<ska w.h lrñ' fï ish,a, miq mi isá ta Wm ú≥y,am;s msh;=ud wka ljfrl=j;a fkdj" kj iyhl ro.=rekul f,i w;s W;a;u m%ekaisia iqf∞;=ï mshdKka úiska 2020 jifr® cQ,s ui 13 jeks∞ ufg˙hdkdys kdu ud;s%lj fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha f;jk iyhl ro.=rejrhdKka f,i kï l< w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka jykafiah'
.=re jD;a;sfha ud kshe,S isá ld,fhka fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha tla ú≥y,l ú≥y,am;sjrfhl= f,i jir myla ;j;a ú≥y,l y;a jirlau tu ú≥y,a wdpdr®h uKav,fhau fiajh lr we;s ud" iyhl ro.=rejrhdKka f,i wìfiia ,nk wekagka rx‚;a udysñmdKka mdi,aj, iyhl ú≥y,am;sjrfhl= f,i iy ú≥y,am;s msh;=ul= jYfhka lrk ,o fiajh yoj;skau w.h lrñ'
wekagka rx‚;a udysñmdKka jykafiaf.a mdi,a fiajd ld,h fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha ú≥y,aj,gu iSudù ;snqKq neúka fu;=ukaj mqoa., ;,fhka iómj fyda ≥riaj ±k fkdisáh;a" udysñmdKka jykafia b;d fyd|" hym;a" úkh.rel mshkula f,i moú mshjreka w;r ms<s.ekSula ;sfnk nj igyka l< hq;= h'
wekagka rx‚;a udysñhka" lsis≥ l,a,shlg" lKavdhulg wh;a fkdù foúhka jykafia úiska ;ukag Ndr ° we;s· mjrd we;s ldr®hh ksjer†j bgq l<" bgq lrk mshkuls'
YS% ,xldj jeks l=vd rgj, z†hqKqjgZ ndOdjla ù we;af;a cd;sjdohhs" m%dfoaYShjdohhs" .ïjdo$ msáir jdohhs' fujeks mgqjdo m%n,j wfma jeks rgj, ;sfnk ksid th †hqKqjg ndOdjls' tj;=≥ fuu m;aùu ;=< f.dkq lrkq ,nk m%Odk ,laIKh kï úYaj iNd uQ,sl;ajh ;=<g ls%hdl<úg" iq≥iaid iq≥iq ;ekg m;al<úg" rgla ck;djla muKla fkdj" lf;da,sl iNdjg o jvd;a fmrg hdyels njh'
iq≥iqlï iy i;H lreKq j,g jvd foaYmd,kh mqoa.,sl ñ;%;ajhka iy l,a,sjdoh uq,a ;ek fok rgj,a n,df.k isák úgu ishÆu wxY j,ska ms˙fyk nj meye†,s i;Hhls' fndfyda wh ;uka ksid fndfyda foaj,a ms˙ys ;sfnk njo fkdokakd f,i „j;afõ'
wfma rg úfoaYslhkaf.a .%yKhg wiqù hg;a ú‚;hla jkakg fndfyda l,lg fmr tkï miajk ishji olajd jk wE; hq.hlg YS% ,xldfõ lf;da,sl b;sydih †jhhs' tfy;a ks, jYfhka wfma rfÜ lf;da,sl wd.u wrgq niskafka YS% ,xldfõ wfmdaia;=ΩjrhdKka f,i kdfudam,laIs; idka; cqfiajdia uqks∫kaf.ka wrUd oyïfl; wiajoaokakg Or®u≥; mshjreka furgg meñ”u;a iu.h' jr®I 1557 fmnrjd˙ ui 4 jeks∞ tjl iiqkam;s moú ±rE y;rjk mdjqΩ mdma;=uka úiska f∞ñksldk ksldfha w;s.re fvdï fcdar®– fgr®uqf∞a ro.=re ysñhkaf.a uQ,sl;ajfhka ia:dms; lrk ,o fldÑka ro.=re moúhg t∞ ,xldj ^±ka YS% ,xld& jr®I 1558 isg wEπ" tys m˙md,khg hg;a Or®u¥; rgla f,i mj;ajdf.k .sh nj wfma hg.shdj i|yka lrhs' ,xldj fldÑka ro.=re moúhg wh;a j ;snQ iufha furg mQr®K n,e;s wêld¯ f,i idka; cqfiajdia msh;=uka fiajh l< nj b;sydih igyka lrhs' jr®I 1834 foieïnr® ui 3 jeks∞ Y=oaOdikh úiska ksl=;a l< tlaiauqfkfr® miaf;dr,s wd«j u.ska fldÑka ro.=re moúfhka uqΩukska ksoyia iajdëk ro.=re moúhla YS% ,xldj ;=< ia:dms; lrk ,°' wNskj YS% ,xld ro.=re moúfha m<uq wfmdaia;,sl ksfhda‚; f,i j;sldkh úiska 1834 ckjd˙ 11 †fkka j,x.=jk f,i w;s.re m%ekaisia iúfhr® msh;=uka m;a l< uq;a" tu m;als¯fï ksfõokh jr®I 1836 ckjd˙ ui m<uqjeks∞ YS% ,xldjg ,efnkúg t;=ud wmj;aj ;snq◊' ful, wm rg ;=< oyïfl; irejoaoñka isá Trf;da˙hdk ksldh is˙,l ;=< ro.=re moúhla ia:dmkh ls¯u .ek fjk;a u;hla ±rej o" is˙,l ;=< ro.=re moúhla ia:dmkh ls¯fï u;h h<s im: lrñka j;sldkh úiska jr®I 1836 fkdjeïnr® ui 22 †k ksl=;a l< wêld˙ m;%h furgg <Ûd jkafka jr®I 1837 foieïnr® udifha °h' is˙,l ;=< ro.=re moúhla ia:dms; lrk nj olajk ks, ksfõokh †. werefKa jr®I 1838 ckjd˙ ui 14 jeks∞ fldgfyak idka; Æishd foõue∫fr®°h' ta wkqj ,xldfõ m<uq wfmdaia;,sl ksfhda‚;hd$ m%;srdc.=reka f,i Trf;da˙hdk ksldfha fY%aIaGdêm;s yd wkqkdhl w;s.re úfika;s o frdihsfrda msh;=uka ^1836-1842& m;alrkq ,enq◊' t;=uka úiska .re lgdfkda wkaf;daksfhda msh;=uka ,xld ro.=re moúfha wkqkdhl f,i m;a flre◊'
jr®I 1836 isg jr®I 1947 olajd fld<U ro.=re moúh" úfoaYSh Or®u¥; mshjrekaf.a wëlaIKh hgf;a fufyhjkq ,enQ w;r" ft;sydisl fjki is≥jkafka tkï iajfoaYShhkaf.a md,khg fld<U ro.=re moúh m;ajkafka t∞ wkqm%dma;sljrh" ysñj" „ka ud˙ uefidaka ks'u'ks w.ro.=re ysñhkaf.a wkqm%dma;sl iyhl ro.=re ;=uka f,i fiajh l< w;s W;a;u f;dauia fnkacñka l=fr® ks'u'ks ysñmdKkah' t;=ud w.ro.=re ks,hg m;a m<uq YS% ,dxlslhd yd miqj ld†k,a ks,hg o m;a m<uq ,dxlslhd f,i;a b;sydihg tlafõ'
fojk YS% ,dxlslhd f,i ro.=re moúhg m;aj" jr®I 1944 isg 1976 w.ro.=re moúfha fiajh lrñka ;ukaf.a iydh ro.=rejrhdKka f,i w;s.re weka;ks o fiarï msh;=uka jr®I 1962 isg m;alr .ksñka uq, msrE iyhl ro.=re moú OQrdj,sfha oijekakd f,i wìfiia ,nkafka w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKkah' w;sW;a;u f;dauia ld†k,a l=fr® ysñmdKka w.ro.=re moúfhka úY%du .kakd úg úY%du .ekSfuka we;sjk ysvei msrùug j;sldkh kï lf<a uykqjr wïmsáh cd;sl foõi;ayf,a l:sldpdr®hjrhl= f,i fiajh lrñka isá .re ksla,ia udlia m%kdka≥ msh;=ukajh' ó.uqj uqkaklalrh ;u Wmka ìu lr.kakd we;a;ka isxy," fou< NdId folu fyd¢ka m%.=K lrkakg ymkalï olajkafka tys m˙irh ksidh' fld<U moúh o fï NdId oajhu tlf,i Ndú;d lrk ck lKavdhï j,ska ixhqla; ksid isxy,-fou< NdId úh;a f,i yeisrùfï ksmqk;djfhka hq;a msh;=fula iyhl ro.=rejrhd f,i m;als u lf;da,sl hk kug l†ug .e,fma' th fld<U moúfha weiqr ,nk iEu ck lKavdhulg wikakg ,enqKq wdkkao ckl mqj;la jkjdg ielhla ke;'
wms f;jk iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKkag wfma f.!rj kuialdrh;a foõ/ljrKh;a †.dhqI;a m;uq'
—Wm;skau /f.k tk cd;sh" l=,h" wd.u NdIdj iy ixialD;sh ñksiqka fjkalsÍug fkdj tluq;= lsÍug
Ndú;d lsÍfuka uq¿ rgu ÈhKq l<
yelsh'˜
tu m;aùu ;=<ska hi rÕg
TmuÜgï lrkq ,enqfha lf;da,sl
hk jofka ienE wre;hs" kshu
wre;hs' ta u.ska jeäuk;a ÿrg
lf;da,sl hkq úYajhSh wre; fok
jokla nj Tmamqlr olajhs'
l%sia;= jr®I 2020 wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks od b˙∞
B fï,a( [email protected] fjí wvúh ( colomboarchdiocesancatholicpress.comdkdr®: m%°mh lr®;D uKav,h
wxl 02" «kdr®: m%°mh udj; fld<U 08" ≥l( 0112 695984" 0114 899611" µelaia ( 0112 692586dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07 YS% ,xldfõ m<jk bme/‚u isxy, mqj;am;
l;=jelsh
;=kajk msgqj
cd;sjdoh" l=,jdoh" m%dfoaYShjdoh" .ïjdoh jeks jdofNao ;sfnk rgl hdmkfha bm° fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha iyhl ro.=re jk wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï ysñmdfKda
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks od b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
04 óifuka óiug ls%'j'2016lajQckjd˙17b˙∞
xdkdr®:m%°mh
1866 - 2016 dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh(1866cQks07
óifuka óiug 04
fldr<je,a, idka; uhsl,a foõue∫rg fuf;la l,a wvqmdvqjlaj meje;s ú≥,sh ckk hka;%hla" remsh,a ñ,shk foll úhoñka cfkakaø m%kdka≥ uy;aud iy tu uy;añh úiska Tyqf.a fouõmshka iy ifydao˙h isysùu ms◊i m˙;Hd. lrk ,°' miq.sh∞ óiï fiajl .re w‚;a wmamqydñ
msh;=ud úiska tu m˙;Hd.h Ndrf.k wdis˙ .kajk m°'
frdIdka mS' m%kdka≥
fudrgqj fldr<je,a, idka; ñLdfh,a w.%¥;hdf.a foajia:dkhg wvqjla mej;s bámkaoï l=áhla i∞ th wdYsr®jdoh lr újD; ls¯fï fufyhla fudrgq †id kdhl fudrgqj idka; finia;shka foajia:dkfha ñiï fiajl .re ,,s;a µs,slaia msh;=udf.a m%Odk;ajfhka is≥úh'bámkaoï l=áh wdYsr®jdoh lr újD; ls¯fuka miq óiï fiajl .re w‚;a wmamqydñ msh;=ud kj bámkaoï l=áh ;=< óifï fï olajd is≥l< 702 jk idka; ñLdfh,a w.%≥;hdf.a kqjdkh is≥lr" wjidkfha óiï mq;% .re l%sidka; ch,;a m%kdka≥ ks'u'ks' msh;=ud †jH mQcdj o is≥ lf<ah' fï wjia:djg óifï meú† fidhq˙hka yd óiï ck;djo iyNd.S úh'
wisl m%shor®Yk
foúhka jykafiaj úYajdi lrñka u˙uõka f–iq;=ukaj
Wmf;a isg urKh olajdu /ln,d.;a w;r ujla
f,i wdorh iy fikyi ,ndfoñka f–iq;=ukaj /lf.k
wdrCId lrñka lghq;= l< w;r wmj;a /l.kakd f,i
foõ uõka h†uq hehs fmdf,dkakrej mΩ.iaouk Y=oaO jq
cmud, foajud;djkaf.a yegtlajk jdr®Isl ux., fufyfha°
ysÛ=rlaf.dv óiï fiajl .re cQâ imrud≥ msh;=ud m%ldY
lf<ah'
t;=ud ;j≥rg;a l:d lrñka wo wm cmud,
ud;djkaf.a ux.,Hh iurkafka fldfrdakd
jix.;fhka uqΩ f,dalhu wk;=rlg m;aù we;s
wjia:djl neúka cmud, ud;djkag cmud,h
WÉpdrKh lrñka fuu jHikfhka wm wdrCId lr
fok fuka b,a,d isáuq hehs o m%ldY lf<ah'
fldúâ 19 jix.; ;;a;ajh ksid fujr
ux.,Hh óiï ck;dj muKla iyNd.s lr mej;s w;r" wkqrdOmqr moúfha mej;s m%:u ux., fu-
fyho fuh úh' fi!LH wdrCIs; l%u wkq.ukh lrñka mej;s ux.,H fufyh óiï fiajl .re id,sh
úf–iQ˙h msh;=ud iy óiï iNdj tlaj ixúOdkh l< w;r fujr ux.,Hh pdïj is≥fl˙◊'
î' rx‚;a uekaäia
kQ;k iudch ;=< úúO ;dlaI◊l fuj,ï rdYshla olskakg ;sfhkjd' fïjd
orejkaf.a wOHdmksl lghq;= j,g msgqjy,la fjkjd jf.au" tajd yryd orejka
fkdu.g yefrk wjia:d wkka;hs' orejka tajdg wiqjqkdu ksrdhdifhkau orefjda
fouõmshkaf.ka w;ayefrkjd' fï w;ayefrk ;ek .ek fouõmshka oekqj;a úh
hq;=hsZ hehs miq.shod meje;s je,s.ïmsáh idka; wdkd foõue∫fr® 137 jk jdr®Isl
ux.,Hfha ikaOHd fufyfha° ;=ve,a, ls%ia;= rdc cd;sl mdif,a ú≥y,am;s .re
ksyd,a reøs.= msh;=ud mejiSh'
ux., †jH mQcdj óifï mQcl mq;a m%ekaisialka ksldhsl .re
pkak chiqkaor msh;=ud meje;ajQ w;r iS≥j idka; cQâ cd;Hka;r
mdif,a ú≥y,am;s .re ohd or®Yk msh;=ud zls;=kq mjq, f.dvk.uqZ hk
f;audj uq,alr.;a foaYkd ud,djla mj;ajk ,°' óiï fiajl" lπk
†idkdhl .re whsjka mSgr®ia msh;=udf.a fufyhùfuka" ksfrdaOdhk
kS;sj,g tlÛj" óiï Or®u fiajd iNdj" foajia:dk wkqnoaê; iñ;s
yd wdrCIl lñgqj ishÆu lghq;= ixúOdklr ;snq◊' lπk fmd,sish
wdrCIdj iemhQ w;r flá fmryerlska ux., lghq;= wjika úh'
fjda,agr® r;akdhl
;reK Y%uh jeäysáhka fjkqfjka ∞kh lrñka khskuvu id' wkaf;daks ;reK iñ;sh" udrú, ,xis.u jeäysá ksjdih iïmQr®K f,i ;Ska; .d ms˙is≥ lr" úhm;a wïudjrekao ms˙is≥ lrk ,°' khskuvu óiï fiajl .re cQâ YHduka msh;=udf.a Wmfoia m˙† iydhl .re frdfI,a .=reisxy msh;=udf.a fufyhùfuka fuu W;=ï ldr®h miq.sh bre†k oji mqrdu is≥fl˙◊'
igyk - ksr®u,s m%kdka≥ · Pdhd - „' ksyd,a fmfr®rd
ishjia ;=klg fmr .re cdfldfï
f.dkaid,afjia msh;=ud úiska YS% ,dxlsl
lf;da,sl ne;su;=ka yg odhdo l< W;=ï he≥u
k<,a ;,fha fof;d,a ueo iy ,ueo l=reish
i,l=K lrñka h†k he≥u mjq,a jYfhka ksfjia
j, iy lKavdhï jYfhka h†ï" wjidkfha fuu
he≥u he°u wikakg olskakg ,efí' lreKq tfia
jQj;a fndfyda foajia:dkj, foaj fufyhka wjidk-
fha fuu W;=ï he≥u fjkqjg ms;df.;a mq;%hdf.;a
hk flá he≥u WÉpdrKh lrkjd wikakg
olskakg fkdue;'
yd,ao~qjk óiï fiajl .re ksfrdaIka
YS%ldka; msh;=ud iEu foaj fufyhla wjidkfha
idka; l=reish he≥u wikakg olskakg ,efí'
;jo uvq foajia:dkfha isxy, NdIdfjka foaj
fufyhka lrk .re fï˙hia msh;=ud iEu foaj
fufyhla wjidkfha fuu he≥u WÉpdrKh
ls u wikakg olskakg ms<sjk'
wfma uq;=kañ;a;ka úiska mrïmrdfjka
mrïmrdjg ∞hdo l< fuu he≥u b†˙ mrmqrg
∞hdo ls¯u YS% ,dxlsl lf;da,slhka jk wmf.a
mru hq;=luls'
ud;f,a id' f;dauia foajia:dkfha° tur®â mSgr® cq,shka
uqks;=udf.a ux.,Hh uy;a W;aijYS%fhka bl=;a od
iurk ,°'
rcfha fi!LH wxY ,nd ° ;snQ Wmfoia u; fuu
ux.,Hh is≥lrk ,°' †jH i;am%ido ksldh u.ska
md,kh jk ud;f,a óiu fï i|yd Wmfhda.s lr
.kakd ,°'
fuys† ksldfha wdOqksl ifydaorjre ^12& fofkla
Tjqkaf.a meú† fmdfrdka≥ wÆ;a lrk ,o w;r" meú†
ifydaorfhda jeä≥r wOHdmkh i|yd wïmsáh cd;sl
foõi;ay,g fhduqls¯uo kjl ifydaor ;=uka fo-
fofkla wÆf;ka mQcl mqyqKq i|yd we;=,;aùuo
is≥lrk ,°'
fuu ldr®hh †jH i;am%ido ksldfha m%dfoaYSh
fY%aIaGdêm;s .re ä,dka m%kdka≥ msh;=udf.a b†˙fha†
is≥lrk ,°' fï i|yd †jH i;am%ido ksldfha ishÆu
msh;=uka iyNd.s úh' tys† Wkajykafia m%ldY lf<a
meú† mQcljrh b;d W;=ï i;am%idohla jk nj;a" ta
u.ska tur®â cq,shka uqks;=ud i;am%ido he≥ï i|yd jeä
ld,hla ñvx.= l< nj;a" Wkajykafia wkqj hñka fuu
ifydaor le, wo †k ≥ka fmdfrdka≥ jQ fiau Tjqka
mQcljrh ,nd fuu fiajh Ndr .; hq;= nj;a m%ldY
lrk ,°'
fuu mq;=ka foaj fiajhg lemls¯u i|yd Ndr ≥ka
Tjqkaf.a foudmshkag fndfyda wdYsr®jdo ,efnk nj;a
Tjqka i|yd ia;+;sjka; jk w;r ksldfha b†˙ .ukg
wem lem ù fiajh ls¯u fmdfrdka≥ jQ nj;a" thehs
uqks∫kaf.a tlu me;=u nj;a m%ldY lrk ,°'
fuu ux.,Hh i|yd ud;f,a kdf.d,af,a †jH
i;am%ido ksldfha wdOqkslrdufha wêm;s .re frda–
m%kdka≥ msh;=udo yxje,a, wdOqkslrdufha .re id.r
chfiak msh;=udo iyNd.s úh'
fuu ux.,H ixúOdkh ud;f,a óiï fiajl .re
wreK w;a;kdhl msh;=ud we;=Æ iyhl msh;=ud iy
†jH i;am%ido ksldfha NdKavd.d˙l .re cQâ m%kdka≥
msh;=udf.a u.fmkaùu u; is≥úh'
fldfrdakd fldúâ 19 jix.; iufha wekysg ;snQ fmar,kao óifï Y=' cqfia uqks∫kaf.a foõue∫rg yd uÛ=,afmdl=K
idka; u˙hd foõue∫rg wh;a ish¨u .sys ¥; iñ;s iqmqre≥ m˙† /iaùï mj;ajñka ilS%h ù we;ehs jdr®;d fjhs'
miq.sh∞ oyï mdi,a meje;aùuo ^l%ufhka fY%a◊ jeä lrñka& wdrïNlr we;' wekysá ;snQ zwNsjDoaê
wdf,amhZ mx;s o wdrïN l/Z;'
†jH mQcd ish,a,u ^foõue∫re foflau& meje;afjk w;r iyNd.s;ajh ta ta fldÜGdY j,
ie±yej;=kag ;ju;a iSud lr we;'
†jH i;am%ido jykafia ,nd.ekSfï° ≥ria: Ndjh we;=Ω l%ufõohka wkq.ukh flfr®'
foõue∫rg we;=Æùug fmr w;a fia°u i|yd ;ju;a myiqlï i,id we;'
w.ro.=re w;sW;=ï ue,alï ld†k,a rx‚;a ysñmdKkaf.a Wmfoia foaj ck;djg j˙ka jr isysm;a
ls¯u óiï fiajl .re ir;a ;s˙udkak msh;=ud úiska is≥flfr®'
óiï Or®u fiajd iNdfõ f,alï ,,s;a m%kdka≥ uy;d ishÆ lghq;= j,° óiï fiajl .re msh;=udg
iyh fjhs' óifï lghq;= j,° .re rd– is,ajd msh;=ud óiï fiajl .re msh;=udg mQr®K iyfhda.h
olajhs'
iS' wdr®' älaika wekagks
f–iq;=ukaj /l.kakd fiau wmj;a /l.kakd f,i foõujqkag lshuq
orejka ;ukaf.ka w;ayefrk ;ek .ek fouõmshka oekqj;a úh hq;=hs
fmar,kao óifï ish¨ lghq;= h:d ;;a;ajhg m;afjñka''''æ
ÈjH i;am%ido ksldfha ks¾ud;D tudâ mSg¾ cq,shka uqks;=udf.a ux.,Hh ieuf¾
ta' ã' k,ska uvfialr
idka; l=reisfha he÷u mK .kajhs
fndksmia is,ajd
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wìfiia
úfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
05
jir 20 l muK ld,hla fld<U w.ro.=re moúfhys
fY%AIaG lf;da,sl mdi,a .Kkdjl .=re-úÿy,am;s N=ñldjl ksr;fjñka" lf;da,sl mdi,a wOHdmkh hdj;ald,Sk lsÍu i|yd fjfyi uykaisfhka fiajdj l< .re mS' wekagka rxð;a msh;=ud cQ,s ui 13 jk i÷Þ Èk fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha iyhl ro.=re;=uka f,i w;s W;=ï m%ekaisia Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=ud úiska m%ldYhg m;a leß‚'
óg jir mkia ;=klg fmr
hdmkh m%foaYfha keiS.sh weka;kS
yd ñrka O¾ud fom<g Wmka
l=¿÷,a orejd jk .re wekagka
rxcs;a udysñmdKka" wð;a fcdaima
f.a tl u ksjqka ifydaorhdh¡
t;=ud 1966 iema;eïn¾ ui 23
jk Èk ckau,dNh ,eîh¡ 1966
Tlaf;dan¾ ui 20 jk Èk t;=uka
wh;a wdffvlal, foajuEKshkaf.a
foajia:dkhg /f.k hkafka
l%sia;=ka jykafiaf.a idlaIslrejl=
jYfhka lf;da,sl iNdj ;=<
fn!;Siau iakdmkh ,nd .ekSsug
h¡ tys§ foudmshkag wu;rj
tia¡ tï¡ we,anÜ yd fn;slakd
hk fom< fuu l=vd orejkaf.a
dk uõmshka f,i foúhka
jykafiag ióm lsÍfï wNsfhda.h
Ndr .;S' w;s.re wekagka rxð;a
udysñmdKka ;=< jQ foaj le|ùug
uq,skau uxfm;a újr lrkafka
t;=udKkaj foõi;ay,g fhduq
l< tjlg t;=udKkaf.a óiï
fiajl keiS.sh .re B' fÊ'
wreuhskdh.ï msh;=ud h¡
;u ksjqka fidfydhqre yd
iuld,Skhka iuÕ fl<ssfof,ka
jevqKq fu;=ud uq,sl wOHdmkh
,nkafka fld<U idka; fnkäla
úoHd,fha yd Y%s ,xldfõ m%:u
lf;da,sl fm!oa.,sl mdi, jk
hdmkfha idka; meá%la úÿyf,ks¡
jir 1974 § idka; meá%la úÿy,g
we;=¿ jq t;=ud 1985 f;la jir
fod<yl wLKav ld,hla mdi,a
wOHdmkfha ksr; úh¡ tys§ Wiia
fm< i|yd t;=ud f;dar .kq
,nkafka .Ks; úIh Odrdjhs' tu
úIh Odrdj ;=< úYsIag m%;sM,
w;alr.;a fu;=ud úYaj úoHd,
wOHdmkh ioyd f;aÍ m;a úh¡
foúhka jykafiaf.ka
,o le|ùu wjfndaO lr .ekSsu
i|yd fu;=ud 1985 iema;eïn¾
ui hdmkfha idka; *%ekaisia
fiaúh¾ foõi;ay,g we;=¿
ù jir ;=kl ld,hla mQcl
mqyqKqùfuys ksr; úh¡ t;=udg
tu foõi;ayf,a m%:u wOHCI
.re *s,sma fmdkakhshd msh;=ud
hgf;a wOHdmk ,eîuo Nd.Hhls'
tys§ o¾Ykjdoh ms<sn|j yodrk
fu;=udf.a wkd.; .uk ms<sn|j
±elaula ,o foõi;ay, mßmd,l
msh;=uka t;=udg úYaj úoHd,
wOHdmkhg wjir ,nd ÿkay¡ tu
wjirfhka 1988 hdmkfha úYaj
úoHd,fha úoHd msGfha .Ks;
wxYfhka úYaj úoHd, wOHdmkh
,nk fu;=ud 1993 j¾Ifha§ .Ks;
ixLHdkh ms<sn|j úfYaI úoHd
Wmdêhla ,nd .;af;ah' t;=ukaf.a
olaI;dj wjfndaO lr.;a hdmk
úYaj úoHd, mßmd,kh t;=udg
úYaj úoHd,fhka msgj hdug fkd§
tu úYaj úoHd,fha úoHd msGfha
.Ks;dxYfha .Ks; ixLHdkh
ms<sn| iyh lÓldpd¾hjrfhl=
f,i 1993 j¾Ifha§ n|jd .kakd
,§' t;=udf.a úYaj úoHd,
wOHdmk ld,h ;=<§ ;u m%foaYfha
Y=oaO .Ks;h Wmldrl mka;s
mj;ajk .=rejrhl= f,i ;ukaf.a
úhoï ;u W;aidyfhkau fidhd
.kakd ,§¡
iudc O¾u;djhg wkqj
iudcfha by< ia:rhlg wOHdmk
lafIa;%h ;=< .uka l< yels jqjo
kej;;a foúhka jykafiaf.a y~g
weyqïlka foñka ta ish¨ ;k;=re"
iudc f.!rjh" ks,;, mfil,d
jir 29 l ;reK úoHd Wmdê,dNS
úYajúoHd, iyh l:sldpd¾h;=ud
kej;;a 1995 j¾Ifha§ nd,hl= fia
ksy;udkS fjñka fld<U idka;
wef,daishia l=vd foõi;ay,g
we;=<;a jkafka flÈkl fyda
foúhka jykafiag jvd hym;a
fiajhla lsÍfï wÈgkska ;uka
fkdokakd isxy, NdIdj bf.k
.ekSsughs' tys§ ;ukag jvd
jhiska b;du;a nd, foõi;ay,a
isiqka ms<smÈk kS;s Í;s ms<smÈñka
Tjqka iu.u Ôj;a fjñka wkd.;
O¾u¥; ld¾hh ksis f,i bgq
lsÍu Wfoid wdo¾Yj;aj yd
ksy;udkS f,i foaj ld¾hhg
bvyir myod .;af;ah¡
tjlg fld<U moú
tfårdKka jk iaj¾.ia:
fld<U w.ro.=re ksla,ia
udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a yd
idka; wef,daishia foõi;ay,a
wOHCI iaj¾.ia: .re fndkS
m%kdkaÿ mq,af,a msh;=udf.a uÕ
fmkaùu hgf;a tu jif¾§u
tkï 1995 jif¾ § wïmsáh
cd;sl foõi;ay,a m%fõYùfï
úNd.hg fmksisá fu;=ud tu
jif¾Èu cd;sl foõi;ayf,a
foaj O¾u mssGhg we;=<;a úh¡
tysÈ tjlg cd;sl foõi;ayf,a
wOHCI f,i lghq;= l< .re
tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ iy miqj
.re fïßhia mSßia ro.=re ;=uka
yd tjlg lÓldpd¾hhjreka
jYfhka lghq;= l< j¾;udk
wkqrdOmqr ro.=re;=uka jk w;s
W;=ï fkdanÜ wkaødÈ" y,dj;
ro.=re w;s W;=ï je,kaia fukaäia"
uvl,mqj ro.=re w;s W;=ï fcdaima
fmdkakhshd iy nÿ,a, ro.=re
w;s W;=ï úkaiagka m%kdkaÿ hk
lÓldpd¾hjreka hgf;a foaj
O¾uh yodrk ,§'
fuu ld,h ;=<§ fld<U
moúh ;=< ifydaor;=ul= f,i
lghq;= lr we;s fu;=ud .re
,,s;a tlaiafmägiaa msh;=ud hgf;a
wúiaidfõ,a, ñifïo
i. iem;a .re ufyaIa .fkauq,a,
msh;=ud hgf;a fldgfyak óifïo
.re rxð;a uÿrdj, msh;=ud hgf;a
ksÜgUqj óifïo fiajh lr
we;¡ fooyi j¾Ifha foajO¾u
wOHdmkfha wjika úNd.hg
fmkSs isg úYsIag m%;sM, iu.ska
frdaufha W¾ndkshdkd iriú úYaj
úoHd,fhka foaj O¾uh ms<sn|j
Wmdêh ,nd .kakd ,§¡
2000 j¾Ifha ckjdß wg jk
Èk i. iem;a ysgmq l=reKE.,
ro.=re w;s W;==ï f¾ukaâ
mSßia ysñmdKka bÈßfha cd;sl
foõi;ayf,a§u f;ajdpdr Oqrh
,nd .kakd ,§' miqj .re fnkaisß
fmf¾rd msh;=ud hgf;a ;=ve,a,
óifï f;ajdpdßjrhl= f,i
fiajdfõ kshef,k fu;=ud tu
j¾Ifhau iema;eïn¾ ui 16 jk
Èk fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha
mqcl ;=ul= f,i tjlg ysgmq
w.ro.=re ;ekam;a w;s W;=ï
ksla,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKka
úiska fldgfyak wdik foõ
ueÿf¾§ wNsfIal lrk ,§'
wOHdmk lafIa;%hg jvd
keUqrejla ±lajq w;s.re wekagka
rxcs;a udysñmdKka mqcljrfha
m<uq m;aùu ,nkafka fld<U
idka; mS;r úoHd,hgh¡ tys
tjlg wÈhqre msh;=ud jQ .re
*s,SIshka rxð;a msh;=ukaf.a
wkq±kqu hgf;a t;=ud Wiiafm<
wxY Ndr msh;=ud f,i;a" YsIH
kdhlhka Ndr msh;=ud f,i;a
lghq;= lr 2003 j¾Ifha§ tu
úÿyf,au m%d:ñl wxY úÿy,am;s
iy miqj Wm úÿy,am;s f,i;a
2004 olajd ld,h ;=< lghq;= lr
we;¡
fuu ld,h w;r;=r Y%S%s
,xld újD; úYajúoHd,fha
wOHdmkfõÈ ämaf,daudj ksudlr
wOHdmk lafIa;%fha j.lSsï
±ßfï cd;sl iqÿiqlu w;am;alr
.kakd ,È¡ miqj 2004 j¾Ifha§
tjlg fld<U moú tf`ârdKka
jQ w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f.dañia
ysñmdKkaf.a u.fmkaùu hgf;a
úfoaY wOHdmkh yeoEÍfï jrï
,nd uyd ì%;dkHfha ñâ,aafilaia
úYajúoHd,fha wOHdmkh ms<sn|j
mYapd;a Wmdêfhka msÿï ,nhs'
fu;=ud kej;;a 2006 j¾Ifha§
fudrgqj idka; finia;shka
úÿyf,a iaj¾.ia: .re fndkS
m%kdkaÿmq,af,a wÈhqre msh;=ud
hgf;a .=re uKav,hg we;=¿ úh¡
tys§ Wiiafm< wxYh Ndr msh;=ud
jYfhka lghq;= lrk fu;=ud
mdif,a wOHdmkh l%uj;a lsÍug
ie,iqï lrk ,§¡
2007 j¾Ifha fld<U idka;
fcdaima úoHd,hg msúfik fu;=ud
tys§ wÈhqre .re is,afjiag¾
rKisxy msh;=uka hgf;a m%d:ñl
wxY úÿy,am;s;=ud jYfhka lghq;=
lrk w;r Wiiafm< wxYfha
.Ks; úIh W.kajk ,§¡
kej;;a 2008 j¾Ifha § Wm
úÿy,am;s;=uka f,i fld<U
idka; mSs;r úoHd,hg we;=¿jk
fu;=ud Wm úÿy,am;s Oqrhg
iu.dój úkh Ndr msh;=uka
f,i;a" wOHdmkh Ndr msh;=uka
f,i;a" Wiiafm< Ndr msh;=uka
f,i;a" YsIH kdhlhka Ndr
msh;=uka f,i;a lghq;= lr we;¡
óg wu;rj 2009-2010 j¾Ij,§
fld<U moú iyh wOHdmk
wOHCI f,io lghq;= lr we;¡
t;=ud 2006 isg 2011 olajd
fld<U moú foaajO¾u ksfla;kfha
oñ< wxY Ndr msh;=ud f,i 2011
olajd jir 5 l fiajd ld,hl
ksr; ù we;¡
2010 -2012 olajd ld,h ;=<
idka; mSs;r Wvq.ïfmd, YdLd
mdif,a úÿy,am;s ;=uka f,i
m;aùï ,nk fu;=ud tu fiajd
ld,fhka wk;=rej 2014 j¾Ifha§
fld<U idka; fcdaima úoHd,fha
Wm úÿy,am;s msh;=uka f,i f;aÍ
m;a úh' tu mdif,a Wm úÿy,am;s
Oqrhg wu;rj wOHdmkh Ndr"
úkh Ndr yd YsIH kdhlhka
Ndr msh;=uka jYfhka lghq;=
lr we;¡ tu ld,h ;=< hdmkh
úYajúoHd,fha l,d wxYfha
l%sia;shdks ixialD;sh ms<sno o¾Yk
Y=Í Wmdêhlao ,ndf.k we;¡ 2019
j¾Ifha tjlg idka; fcdaima
úoHd,fha wÈhqre msh;=ud jk .re
g%eúia f.aì%%sh,a msh;=uka úY%du
hdu;a iu. jev n,k wÈhqre
msh;=uka f,i m;ajk fu;=ud
tu j¾Ifha cq,s ui 25 jk Èk
fudrgqj idka; finia;shka
úÿyf,a wÈhqre msh;=uka f,i m;a
lrk ,§¡
jirl ld,hla ;=<
udyeÕs fiajdjl ksr;jk
.re wekagka rxcs;a msh;=ud
mdif,a l<uKdldß;ajhg jir
.Kkdjla u.yeÍ .ssh udkj
iïm;a l<uKdlrKh i|yd
fjfyi uykais úh¡ tu.ska
mdif,a wkOHk ld¾h uKav,fha
isg mdi,a mdßmd,k uÜgu olajd
ish,qu fiajl ldKavdhï ms<sn|j
fm!oa.,slj wjOdkh fhduq
lrñka fiajdj i|yd iqÿiq yd
lemùfuka fiajdfõ kshef,kakka
Èß.ekaùï l< w;r .=re fiajdj
ioyd iqÿiqlï fkdue;s yd
fiajdjd ksis mßÈ bgq fkdlrk
fiajlhska iïnkaOjo ±ä kS;sÍ;s
wkq.ukh lrñka mdif,a udkj
iïm; hdj;ald,Ssk lsßfuys,d
l%shd lf<ah¡ tys§ úúO lïlfgd¨
;=<ska úfrdaO;d u;= jqjo tu
úfrdaO;dj,g miqng fkdjQq
fu;=ud mdi, fjkqfjka ieu
Èklu ÈjH mQcdj Tmamq lrñka
foúhka jykafiaf.a ueÈy;aNdjh
;=< ksjerÈ foa ksjerÈ f,i
lsÍug Yla;sh ,nd .kakd ,§¡
t;=udf.a fuu l%shdl,dmh
ksid j¾;udk úoaj;a wdpd¾hh
uKav,hla yd l%shdYS,s ld¾hh
uKav,hla idka; finia;shka
úÿy, ;=< ks¾udKh ù we;¡
fujka jQ wOHd;añl yd
wOHdmksl .=Kdx. /ilska
mßmq¾K jq fu;=ud miq.sh cQ,s
ui 13 jk Èk fld<U w.ro.=re
jifï iydhl ro.=re;=uka f,i
m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,§¡ t;=ukaf.a
ro.=re wNsfIalh 2020 wf.daia;=
ui 29 jk fikiqrdod fm'j
9'00 g idka; ¨ishd wdik
foõueÿf¾§ meje;afõ'
.re Y%shka; r;akfialr msh;=udidka; finia;shka úÿy, fudrgqj
w.ro.=re jifï kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdfKda
foúhka jykafiaf.a y~g weyqïlka foñka ta ish¨ ;k;=re" iudc
f.!rjh" ks,;, mfil,d jir 29l ;reK úoHd Wmdê,dNS úYajúoHd, iyh l:sldpd¾h;=ud
kej;;a 1995 j¾IfhaÈ nd,hl= fia ksy;udkS fjñka fld<U idka;
wef,daishia l=vd foõi;ay,g we;=¿ jkafka
flÈkl fyda foúhka jykafiag jvd hym;a
fiajhla lsßfï wÈgkska ;uka fkdokakd isxy,
NdIdj bf.k .ekSsughs'
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wìfiia
úfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
07
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
06ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wìfiia
úfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï wLKav
iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ jxYdj,sh iksgqyka lrñka 2020 wf.daia;= ui 29 jk Èk fldgfyak Yd'Æishd wdik foõúufka§ rdc.=re wNsfIalh ,nk w;s.re wekagka rxð;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jiug fukau" iuia; ,dxflah Y=' iNdjg u W;a;ß;r odhdohla o" ,laÈj tfåßl jxYdj,sfha rka wl=ßka iksgqyka jk Èkhla f,i ye¢ka jqjfyd;a th ksjerÈ fõ hehs@ ug isf;a'
idik kS;s ix.%yh ;=< iyhl ro.=re;=ul= m;alrkafka kduOdß ro.=re;=uka, f,isks' tkï tla ld,hl § mej;=Kq" fkdfhl=;a fya;+ka ksid wo ro.=re jiula f,i l%shd;aul fkdjk m%foaY fulS kduOdß ro.=re jiï f,i ye¢kafõ' WodyrK f,i w;S;fha ueo fmrÈ. yd c¾uksh" tx.,ka;h" jeks rgj, mej;s ro.=re jiï kï l< yelsh' fuys § iyhl ro.=re;=ud tlS moúhl kduOdß ro.=re;=ul= f,i m;alrkq ,nkafkah' WodyrK f,i w;s W;=ï uelaiafj,a is,ajd ro.=re;=ud —f,iskd˜ kduOdß ro.=re ysñmdfKda h'
m<uq iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdfKda ^ 1962 - 1965 &
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï m<uq iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i ,dxflah iNd b;sydifha rka wl=ßka iksgqyka jkafka w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdfKda h' l%s'j' 1915 uehs 10 jeks Èk ó.uq fldÉÑlfâ § Wm; ,nd 1941 ud¾;= 25 jeks mQcl jrï ,nd fougf.dv" fudaor Yd' uyd ika;shdf.da" fldgfyak wd§ óiïj, óiï fiajfha fhÿKq w;s.re weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKkaj l%s'j' 1962 foieïn¾ 27 jk Èk —gdldfma˜ kduOdß ro.=re jifï ro.=re ysñmdKka
f,i o fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï m%:u iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ ysñmdKka
f,iska f;dard m;a
flreKq w;r tl, fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re Oqrh orefõ i. iem;a foaj fiajl w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKka h' t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh l%s'j' 1963 ud¾;= 25 Èk fldgfyak id' ¨ishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg y,dj; rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï tâukaâ mSsßia ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKka iy tjlg uykqjr rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï ,sfhda kdkdhlaldr ^id'fn'ks'& ysñmdKkah' ;=ka jirlg fu;=ukaf.a fiajh w.%rdc.=re jiug ,enqKq w;r" l%s'j' 1965 ud¾;= 22 Èk fu;=uka j .d,a, ro.=re jifï f;jk rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i Y=oaOdikfhka kï l< w;r l%s'j' 1982 fmnrjdß 28 jk Èk t;=uka iaj¾.ia: jk f;la u tys rdc.=re Oqrh oerE w;r fu;=ukaf.a md,k iuh .d,a, rdc.=re jifï iaj¾Kuh hq.hla f,i ye¢kafõ'
fojk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia w;s W;=ï m%Ekala udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKda ^ 1965 - 1968 &
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï fojk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i 1931 Tlaf;dan¾ 19 Èk ó.uqj lgqjmsáfhka Wm; ,nd 1956 foieïn¾ 26 jk Èk mQcljrh ,enQ w;s W;=ï m%Ekala udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKda b;sydi.; jkakdy' 1965 cq,s 24 Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —T,sjd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq w;r t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 1965 wf.daia;= 19 Èk fldgfyak id' ¨ishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg y,dj; rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï tâukaâ msßia ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKka iy wNskjfhka .d,a, rdc.=re jiug m;ajQ rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKkah' ;=ka jirlg fu;=ukaf.a fiajh w.%rdc.=re jiug ,enqKq w;r" 1968 cqks 08 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska y,dj; rdc.=re jifï hqjrdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i fu;=uka kï lrkq ,eìh' m<uq isxy, rdc.=rem%idÈ iy y,dj; rdc.=re jifï m<uq rdc.=reysñmdKka jQ" w;s W;=ï tâukaâ mSßia ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a bisUq ,eîfuka miq fu;=udfKda y,dj; rdc.=re jifï fojk rdc.=re ysñ ;=ud f,i moú m%dma; jQfha 1972 foieïn¾ 27 jk Èk h' mqrd 34 jirla mqrdjg y,dj; rdc.=re jiug fuka u iuia; iNdjg u b;d wk.s fufyjrla bgql<
w;s W;=ï m%Ekala udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKda iqm%lg foaYkdjdÈfhls' m%.;sYS,s fukau lsjhq;= foa fkdi.jd m%ldY l< lsisfjl=g w<.= ;eìh fkdyels W;a;ufhls' hq.fha Èjeisjrfhls' 2006 jif¾ Tlaf;dan¾ ui 19jk Èk fu;=udKka bisUq ,enq w;r " 2009 wf.daia;= ui 24 jk Èk fu;=uka iaj¾.ia: jqfhah'
f;jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï tâukaâ fcdaYma m%kdkaÿ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdfKda ^ 1968 - 1983 &1968 jir ,dxflah
rdc.=re jxYdj,shg fuka u fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jiug b;d iqúfYaIS jirla f,i b;sydi .;fõ' tkï Y=oaOdikh úiska 1968 wm%sfh,a ui 09 jk Èk wNskj fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i mqcdm%id§jre fokula kï lsÍuh' bka m<uqjekakd jkafka 1921 ud¾;= 25 Èk ó.uqj msámk § Wm; ,nd 1949 wf.daia;= ui 06 jk Èk Tíf,aÜ ks¾u, ußh ksldhsl mQcdm%idÈ;=ul= f,i mqoeÿre jrï ,enQ w;s W;=ï tâukaâ fcdaYma m%kdkaÿ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdfKdah' 1968 wm%sfh,a ui 09 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —b.s,a.S,s˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq w;r t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 1965 cq,s 17 Èk fldgfyak Yd' fnkäla úoHd, mßY%fha§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ;%sl=Kdu,h iy uvl,mqj iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ iy fudafidÜfldß kduOdÍ rdc.=re jifï rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i m;ajQ w;s W;=ï cdfldí neiaáhï Èfhda.=ms,af,a ysñmdKka iy .d,a, rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKkah' w;s W;=ï tâukaâ
fcdaYma m%kdkaÿ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdfKdafldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i 1983 foieïn¾ ui 05 jk Èk olajd fiajh l< w;r 1982 ud¾;= 28 jk Èk w;s W;=ï ,sfhda kdkdhlaldr ^id'fn'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a iaj¾.ia: ùfuka ysiaj mej;s nÿ,a, rdc.=re jifï fojk rdc.=reysñmdKka f,i fu;=ukaj kï lrk ,§'nÿ,a, rdc.=re jifï fojk rdc.=reysñmdKka f,i moúm%dma; jqfha 1984 ckjdß ui 30 jk Èk Èh' 1997 ud¾;= ui 03 jk Èk bisUq ,enq w;r " 2004 cq,s ui 16 jk Èk fu;=uka iaj¾.ia: jqfhah'
i;r jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia ysñmdfKda ^ 1968 - 1995 &
1968 wm%sfh,a ui 09 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska kï lrk ,o wfkla iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka jkafka w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia ysñmdKkah' 1932 foieïn¾ 12 jk Èk le<‚fha § Wm; ,nd" 1958 fmnrjdß 03 Èk mQcljrï ,nd wk.s fiajdjka ;=<ska fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jiug fuka u cd;sl ;,hg u cd;Hka;rhg iajlSh ¥; fufyjr úoydÆ fu;=udfKda Y=oaOdikh úiska fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —uq,shd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq w;r t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 1965 cq,s 17 Èk fldgfyak Yd' fnkäla úoHd, mßY%fha§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ;%sl=Kdu,h iy uvl,mqj iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ iy fudafidÜfldß kduOdÍ rdc.=re jifï rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i m;ajQ w;s W;=ï cdfldí neiaáhï Èfhda.=ms,af,a ysñmdKka iy .d,a, rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKkah'
fu;=udfKda jir 28 la fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fiajh l< w;r " 1995 fkdjeïn¾ ui 02 jk Èk wkqrdOmqr fojk rdc.=re ysñ f,i Y=oaOdikfhka m;a l< w;r w;s W;=ï ksl,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a bisUq ,eîu;a iu.u wgjk fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i Y=oaOdikh úiska fu;=uka 2002 cq,s ui 06 jk Èk kï l< w;r" t;=uka wNskj fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i moú m%dma;jqfha 2002 cq,s ui 27 jk Èk §h' 2009 cqks ui 16 t;=udKka bisUq ,enq w;r " úY%du .kq ,enQj;a Bfh;a" wo;a" fyg;a t;=ud úoaj;a foaYlfhl=" úhf;l=" b;sydifhl=''' f,i ,dxflah Y=' iNdjg fuka u" cd;Hka;r ;,hg b;d wk.s fufyjrla bgqlrkafka h' ;jo iduhsl fuka u wka;¾wd.ñl iyðjkhg u`. mE m%n, hq. mqreIfhl= f,i o fu;=ukaj ye¢kaúh yelsh' ;jo t;=udfKda rdc.=re wNsfIalh jir 52 iïmQ¾K lr isák w;r " jeäu ld,hla ,laÈj ro.=re;=ul= f,i fiajh lrk rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i o b;sydi .; fõ'
mia jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï mgne`Èf.a fodka we,anÜ ue,alï rxð;a ysñmdfKda ^ 1990 - 1995 &
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï mia jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i b;sydi.; jkafka j;auka w.%rdc.=rem%id§ ;eïm;a w;s W;=ï mgneÈf.a fodka we,anÜ ue,alï ldÈk,a rxð;a ysñmdKkah' 1947 fkdjeïn¾ ui 15 jk Èk fmd,a.yfj, § Wm; ,nd" 1975 cqks ui 29 jk Èk j;sldkfha Yd' mS;r neis,sldfõ§ Nd.Hjka; ihjk mdjq¿ Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka fj;ska mQcljrï ,enq w;s W;=ï ue,alï ldÈk,a rxð;a ysñmdfKda j;auka iuia: iNdj ;=< m%n, hq.mqreIfhl= hehs ie,l=jfyd;a th ksjerÈh' Y=oaOdikh úiska fu;=ukaj
iyhl ro.=re jxYdj,shfldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï
fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —ln¾iqis˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï lrk ,oafoa 1991 cqks ui 17 jk Èk §h'
t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 1991 wf.daia;= ui 31 Èk f;aj;a; Y%S ,xld wm iajdñÿf.a cd;sl neis,sld mßY%fha§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï ksla,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ukakdru rdc.=rem%idÈ iy j;auka hdmkfha úY%dñl rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka jk w;s W;=ï tïudkqfj,a f;dauia fi!kaøkdh.ï ysñmdKka iy tjlg fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia ysñmdKkah' fu;=udfKda
jir 05 la fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fiajh l< w;r " 1995 fkdjeïn¾ ui 02 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska ia:dmkh lrk ,o r;akmqr rdc.=re jifï m<uq jk rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i m;a lrk ,§'
r;akmqr rdc.=re jifï rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i jir 05l ld,hla fiajh l< w;r 2001 Tlaf;dan¾ ui 01 jk Èk Y=oaOdikfha O¾uodkh ms<sn| iiqka fldñiug 2 jk cqjdï mdjq¿ Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska f;dardm;a l< ta;a iu.u w.%rdc.=re Oqrhg Tijk ,§' tys jir 03l ld,hla fiajh fldg 2004 wfm%a,a ui 29 jk Èk § bkaÿkSishdj kef.kysr ;sfuda¾ys wfmdaia;,sl ;dkdm;s Oqrhg iy Wïì%áflda kduOdß w.ro.=re jifï kduOdÍ ro.=re;=uka f,i kï lrk ,§'
kej; jrla 2005 foieïn¾ ui 10 jk Èk § foajjkaokdj ms<sno iiqka fldñifï f,alï Oqrhg 16 jk fnkäla Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska fu;=ukaj m;a lrkq ,eîh' jir 04la tys fiajh fldg 2009 cqks ui 16 jk Èk w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a bisUq ,eîu;a iu.u ku jk fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i kï l< w;r" t;=uka wNskj fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i moú m%dma;jqfha 2009 wf.daia;= ui 05 jk Èk §h' 2010 fkdjeïn¾ ui 20 jk Èk 16 jk fnkäla Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska fu;=ukaj ldÈk,a Oqrhg kï fldg frdaufha ÆÑhdkd ys Yd' f,darkaia uqks neis,sldfõ Ndrldr ysñmdKka f,i o kï lrk ,§'
ih jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï úkaikaÜ fïßhia msßia ysñmdfKda ^ 2001 - 2018 &
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï ih jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i b;sydi.; jkafka w;s W;=ï úkaikaÜ fïßhia msßia ysñmdKkah' t;=udKka 1941 Tlaf;dan¾ ui 11 jk Èk fudrgqfõ § Wm; ,nd 1972 ckjdß ui 25 jk Èk mQcljrï ,en" w.%rdc.=re jifï óiï" foõi;ay,a" wdh;k yd moú kdysñ Oqrhka o ord Y=oaOdikh úiska fu;=ukaj fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —gdlrdgd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka f,i kï lrk ,oafoa 2000 fkdjeïn¾ ui 16 jk Èk §h'
t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 2001 fmnrjdß ui 03 jk Èk fldgfyak Yd' Æishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s
W;=ï ksla,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ;%sl=Kdu,h rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï lsxia,s iajdñms,af,a ysñmdKka iy tjlg wkqrdOmqr rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia ysñmdKkah' fu;=udfKda jir 17 la fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fiajh l< w;r 2018 wm%sfh,a ui 04 jk Èk bisUq ,eîh' fï wkqj fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i m;alrkq ,en" wìfiia ,nd úY%du .kakd ,enq m<uq iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fu;=uka b;sydi .; fõ' ukao óg fmr iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ Oqrh oerE ish,a,kau fiiq rdc.=re jiï j, fyda iiqka ks, ;, ord miqj w.%rdc.=re Oqrh olajdu meñK ;sîu fya;=fjks'
i;a jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï *sfâ,sia ,hk,a tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKda ^ 2012 - 2017 &
Y=' cqfia jdia uqks;=uka iaj¾.ia: ù jir 300la msreKq 2011 jir o 1968 jir fuka ,dxflah rdc.=re jxYdj,shg fuka u fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jiug b;d iqúfYaIS jirla f,i b;sydi .;fõ' tkï Y=oaOdikh úiska 2011 fkdjeïn¾ ui 28 jk Èk fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i 1968 jif¾ fuka mqcdm%id§jre fokula kï lsÍuh'
bka m<uqjekakd jkafka 1948 uehs ui 20 jk Èk hdmkfha § Wm; ,nd 1973 ckjdß ui 06 jk Èk j;sldk Yd' mS;r neis,sldfõ§" Nd.Hjr ihfjks mdjq¿ Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka w;ska mQcljrï ,enq w;s W;=ï *sfâ,sia ,hk,a tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKdah' fu;=udfKda wïmsáh cd;sl foõi;ayf,a lÓldpd¾h jrhl= yd wÈhqre msh;=ud f,i o óiï .Kkdjl yd fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï l,dmSh kdysñ f,io fiajh lrk ,§' 2011 fkdjeïn¾ ui 28 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska wNskj fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd fyd¾gd ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq w;r t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 2012 fmnrjdß ui 17 Èk fldgfyak Yd' Æishd wdik foõue`ÿf¾§ mej;s‚' th j;auka fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï mgne`Èf.a fodka we,anÜ ue,alï ldÈk,a rxð;a ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ukakdru rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï
rdhmamq fcdaYma ysñmdKka iy tjlg Y%S ,xldfõ wfmdaia;,sl ;dkdm;s iy —fi¾gd˜ ys kduOdÍ w.%rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï fcdaYma iamsfgÍ ysñmdKka úisks' fu;=udfKda jir 05 la fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fiajh l< w;r 2017 fkdjeïn¾ ui 22 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska w;s W;=ï rdhmamq fcdaYma ysñmdKkaf.a bisUq ,eîfuka jir follg jeä ld,hla ysiaj mej;s ukakdru rdc.=re jifï f;jk rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka f,i kï lrk ,§'
fu;=ud ukakdru rdc.=re jifï f;jk rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i moú m%dma;jqfha 2017 foieïn¾ ui 30 jk Èk §h'
wg jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï iïm;ajvqf.a uelaiafj,a .%ekaú,a is,ajd ysñmdfKda ^ 2012 isg &
2011 fkdjeïn¾ ui 28 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska kï lrk ,o wfkla iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka jkafka w;s W;=ï iïm;ajvqf.a uelaiafj,a .%ekaú,a is,ajd ysñmdfKdah' 1953 iema;eïn¾ ui 27 jk Èk fudrgqj ú,af,dardj;af;a § Wm; ,nd 1981 cq,s ui 07 Èk mQcljrï ,nd" wOHdmk fiajfha wOHdmkfõÈhl=" úÿy,am;sjrfhl= yd .=rejrfhl= f,i o fiajh l< fu;=ud fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï o¿.u" ;síngqf.dv" udfnda, óiïys óiï fiajl f,i o fiajfhys ksr; úh' 2011 fkdjeïn¾ ui 28 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska wNskj fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —f,iskd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq fu;=udf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 2012 fmnrjdß ui 17 Èk fldgfyak Yd' Æishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ w;s W;=ï *sfâ,sia ,hk,a tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh iu.ska mej;s‚' tod isg fï olajd fu;=ud fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï j;auka w.ro.=re ldÈk,a ysñmdKka yd tlaj iqúfYaIS fufyjrla isÿlrkq ,nhs'
ku jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï chfldä wdrÉÑf.a fodka wekagka chfldä ysñmdfKda ^2018 isg&
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï ku jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i b;sydi.; jkafka w;s W;=ï chfldä wdrÉÑf.a fodka wekagka chfldä ysñmdKkah' t;=udfKda 1958 Tlaf;dan¾ ui 02 jk Èk muqKq.u § Wm; ,nd " 1985 cq,s ui 27 jk Èk fldgfyak Yd' Æishd wdik foõúufka§ tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï ksla,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKka w;ska mqoeÿre jrï ,eîh'
ish óiï fiajh ;=< jEj, " y,afma mkaksmsáh iy je,súg hk óiï j,o " mqcl mqyqKqj ;=< l¿;r oyï fiajd foõi;ay, " wïmsáh
cd;sl foõi;ayf,a lÒldpd¾h;=ul= f,i o fiajh lrk ,§' tys jir 05 la fiajh l< w;r" 2003 jif¾§ Y%S ,xld rdc.=re iïfï,kfha ks¾foaYh u; tys o¾Yk msGfha wOHCI;=ud f,io 2005 jif¾ isg 2011 jir olajd foajO¾u msGfha wOHCI ;=ud f,io fiajh fldg 2011 jif¾ isg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï l,dmSh kdysñmdKka f,i iy foaj le|ùï iy mqcl mqyqKqj Ndr wOHCIl ;=uka f,i;a miqj uÜglal=,sh Yd'fcdaka fïß úhdks foõi;ayf,a wÈhqre mqcdm%id§ka jykafia f,i;a kï lrk ,§' ish Wiia wOHdmkh yodrk ,oafoa frdaufha Yd'mdjq¿ iiqka úYaj úoHd,fhks' m%ekaisia Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska 2018 wm%sfh,a ui 04 jk Èk fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —uq,a,s˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i fu;=udKkaj kï l< w;r" tÈku ih jk rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia iy —gdlrdgd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï úkaikaÜ fïßhia msßia ysñmdKkaf.a úY%du .ekSu ks, jYfhka m%ldY lsÍu iqúfYaIS isÿùuls'
t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 2018 cqks ui 23 Èk fldgfyak Yd' ¨ishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï ue,alï ldÈk,a rxð;a ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka meje;ajQ w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa l=reKE., ro.=re w;s W;=ï yer,aâ weka;ks fmf¾rd ysñmdKka iy ukakdru ro.=re w;s W;=ï *sfâ,sia ,hk,a tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKka úisks'
oi jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i w;s.re wekagka rxð;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdfKda 2020 wf.daia;= 29 jkÞ wìfiia ,n;s'
wfia, oikdhlYd' mS;r úoHd,h ".ïmy'
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wìfiia
úfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
07
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
06ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wìfiia
úfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï wLKav
iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ jxYdj,sh iksgqyka lrñka 2020 wf.daia;= ui 29 jk Èk fldgfyak Yd'Æishd wdik foõúufka§ rdc.=re wNsfIalh ,nk w;s.re wekagka rxð;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jiug fukau" iuia; ,dxflah Y=' iNdjg u W;a;ß;r odhdohla o" ,laÈj tfåßl jxYdj,sfha rka wl=ßka iksgqyka jk Èkhla f,i ye¢ka jqjfyd;a th ksjerÈ fõ hehs@ ug isf;a'
idik kS;s ix.%yh ;=< iyhl ro.=re;=ul= m;alrkafka kduOdß ro.=re;=uka, f,isks' tkï tla ld,hl § mej;=Kq" fkdfhl=;a fya;+ka ksid wo ro.=re jiula f,i l%shd;aul fkdjk m%foaY fulS kduOdß ro.=re jiï f,i ye¢kafõ' WodyrK f,i w;S;fha ueo fmrÈ. yd c¾uksh" tx.,ka;h" jeks rgj, mej;s ro.=re jiï kï l< yelsh' fuys § iyhl ro.=re;=ud tlS moúhl kduOdß ro.=re;=ul= f,i m;alrkq ,nkafkah' WodyrK f,i w;s W;=ï uelaiafj,a is,ajd ro.=re;=ud —f,iskd˜ kduOdß ro.=re ysñmdfKda h'
m<uq iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdfKda ^ 1962 - 1965 &
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï m<uq iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i ,dxflah iNd b;sydifha rka wl=ßka iksgqyka jkafka w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdfKda h' l%s'j' 1915 uehs 10 jeks Èk ó.uq fldÉÑlfâ § Wm; ,nd 1941 ud¾;= 25 jeks mQcl jrï ,nd fougf.dv" fudaor Yd' uyd ika;shdf.da" fldgfyak wd§ óiïj, óiï fiajfha fhÿKq w;s.re weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKkaj l%s'j' 1962 foieïn¾ 27 jk Èk —gdldfma˜ kduOdß ro.=re jifï ro.=re ysñmdKka
f,i o fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï m%:u iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ ysñmdKka
f,iska f;dard m;a
flreKq w;r tl, fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re Oqrh orefõ i. iem;a foaj fiajl w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKka h' t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh l%s'j' 1963 ud¾;= 25 Èk fldgfyak id' ¨ishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg y,dj; rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï tâukaâ mSsßia ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKka iy tjlg uykqjr rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï ,sfhda kdkdhlaldr ^id'fn'ks'& ysñmdKkah' ;=ka jirlg fu;=ukaf.a fiajh w.%rdc.=re jiug ,enqKq w;r" l%s'j' 1965 ud¾;= 22 Èk fu;=uka j .d,a, ro.=re jifï f;jk rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i Y=oaOdikfhka kï l< w;r l%s'j' 1982 fmnrjdß 28 jk Èk t;=uka iaj¾.ia: jk f;la u tys rdc.=re Oqrh oerE w;r fu;=ukaf.a md,k iuh .d,a, rdc.=re jifï iaj¾Kuh hq.hla f,i ye¢kafõ'
fojk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia w;s W;=ï m%Ekala udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKda ^ 1965 - 1968 &
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï fojk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i 1931 Tlaf;dan¾ 19 Èk ó.uqj lgqjmsáfhka Wm; ,nd 1956 foieïn¾ 26 jk Èk mQcljrh ,enQ w;s W;=ï m%Ekala udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKda b;sydi.; jkakdy' 1965 cq,s 24 Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —T,sjd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq w;r t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 1965 wf.daia;= 19 Èk fldgfyak id' ¨ishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg y,dj; rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï tâukaâ msßia ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKka iy wNskjfhka .d,a, rdc.=re jiug m;ajQ rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKkah' ;=ka jirlg fu;=ukaf.a fiajh w.%rdc.=re jiug ,enqKq w;r" 1968 cqks 08 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska y,dj; rdc.=re jifï hqjrdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i fu;=uka kï lrkq ,eìh' m<uq isxy, rdc.=rem%idÈ iy y,dj; rdc.=re jifï m<uq rdc.=reysñmdKka jQ" w;s W;=ï tâukaâ mSßia ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a bisUq ,eîfuka miq fu;=udfKda y,dj; rdc.=re jifï fojk rdc.=re ysñ ;=ud f,i moú m%dma; jQfha 1972 foieïn¾ 27 jk Èk h' mqrd 34 jirla mqrdjg y,dj; rdc.=re jiug fuka u iuia; iNdjg u b;d wk.s fufyjrla bgql<
w;s W;=ï m%Ekala udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKda iqm%lg foaYkdjdÈfhls' m%.;sYS,s fukau lsjhq;= foa fkdi.jd m%ldY l< lsisfjl=g w<.= ;eìh fkdyels W;a;ufhls' hq.fha Èjeisjrfhls' 2006 jif¾ Tlaf;dan¾ ui 19jk Èk fu;=udKka bisUq ,enq w;r " 2009 wf.daia;= ui 24 jk Èk fu;=uka iaj¾.ia: jqfhah'
f;jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï tâukaâ fcdaYma m%kdkaÿ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdfKda ^ 1968 - 1983 &1968 jir ,dxflah
rdc.=re jxYdj,shg fuka u fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jiug b;d iqúfYaIS jirla f,i b;sydi .;fõ' tkï Y=oaOdikh úiska 1968 wm%sfh,a ui 09 jk Èk wNskj fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i mqcdm%id§jre fokula kï lsÍuh' bka m<uqjekakd jkafka 1921 ud¾;= 25 Èk ó.uqj msámk § Wm; ,nd 1949 wf.daia;= ui 06 jk Èk Tíf,aÜ ks¾u, ußh ksldhsl mQcdm%idÈ;=ul= f,i mqoeÿre jrï ,enQ w;s W;=ï tâukaâ fcdaYma m%kdkaÿ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdfKdah' 1968 wm%sfh,a ui 09 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —b.s,a.S,s˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq w;r t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 1965 cq,s 17 Èk fldgfyak Yd' fnkäla úoHd, mßY%fha§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ;%sl=Kdu,h iy uvl,mqj iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ iy fudafidÜfldß kduOdÍ rdc.=re jifï rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i m;ajQ w;s W;=ï cdfldí neiaáhï Èfhda.=ms,af,a ysñmdKka iy .d,a, rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKkah' w;s W;=ï tâukaâ
fcdaYma m%kdkaÿ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdfKdafldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i 1983 foieïn¾ ui 05 jk Èk olajd fiajh l< w;r 1982 ud¾;= 28 jk Èk w;s W;=ï ,sfhda kdkdhlaldr ^id'fn'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a iaj¾.ia: ùfuka ysiaj mej;s nÿ,a, rdc.=re jifï fojk rdc.=reysñmdKka f,i fu;=ukaj kï lrk ,§'nÿ,a, rdc.=re jifï fojk rdc.=reysñmdKka f,i moúm%dma; jqfha 1984 ckjdß ui 30 jk Èk Èh' 1997 ud¾;= ui 03 jk Èk bisUq ,enq w;r " 2004 cq,s ui 16 jk Èk fu;=uka iaj¾.ia: jqfhah'
i;r jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia ysñmdfKda ^ 1968 - 1995 &
1968 wm%sfh,a ui 09 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska kï lrk ,o wfkla iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka jkafka w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia ysñmdKkah' 1932 foieïn¾ 12 jk Èk le<‚fha § Wm; ,nd" 1958 fmnrjdß 03 Èk mQcljrï ,nd wk.s fiajdjka ;=<ska fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jiug fuka u cd;sl ;,hg u cd;Hka;rhg iajlSh ¥; fufyjr úoydÆ fu;=udfKda Y=oaOdikh úiska fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —uq,shd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq w;r t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 1965 cq,s 17 Èk fldgfyak Yd' fnkäla úoHd, mßY%fha§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=f¾ ^ks'u'ks'& ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ;%sl=Kdu,h iy uvl,mqj iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ iy fudafidÜfldß kduOdÍ rdc.=re jifï rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i m;ajQ w;s W;=ï cdfldí neiaáhï Èfhda.=ms,af,a ysñmdKka iy .d,a, rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKkah'
fu;=udfKda jir 28 la fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fiajh l< w;r " 1995 fkdjeïn¾ ui 02 jk Èk wkqrdOmqr fojk rdc.=re ysñ f,i Y=oaOdikfhka m;a l< w;r w;s W;=ï ksl,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a bisUq ,eîu;a iu.u wgjk fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i Y=oaOdikh úiska fu;=uka 2002 cq,s ui 06 jk Èk kï l< w;r" t;=uka wNskj fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i moú m%dma;jqfha 2002 cq,s ui 27 jk Èk §h' 2009 cqks ui 16 t;=udKka bisUq ,enq w;r " úY%du .kq ,enQj;a Bfh;a" wo;a" fyg;a t;=ud úoaj;a foaYlfhl=" úhf;l=" b;sydifhl=''' f,i ,dxflah Y=' iNdjg fuka u" cd;Hka;r ;,hg b;d wk.s fufyjrla bgqlrkafka h' ;jo iduhsl fuka u wka;¾wd.ñl iyðjkhg u`. mE m%n, hq. mqreIfhl= f,i o fu;=ukaj ye¢kaúh yelsh' ;jo t;=udfKda rdc.=re wNsfIalh jir 52 iïmQ¾K lr isák w;r " jeäu ld,hla ,laÈj ro.=re;=ul= f,i fiajh lrk rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i o b;sydi .; fõ'
mia jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï mgne`Èf.a fodka we,anÜ ue,alï rxð;a ysñmdfKda ^ 1990 - 1995 &
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï mia jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i b;sydi.; jkafka j;auka w.%rdc.=rem%id§ ;eïm;a w;s W;=ï mgneÈf.a fodka we,anÜ ue,alï ldÈk,a rxð;a ysñmdKkah' 1947 fkdjeïn¾ ui 15 jk Èk fmd,a.yfj, § Wm; ,nd" 1975 cqks ui 29 jk Èk j;sldkfha Yd' mS;r neis,sldfõ§ Nd.Hjka; ihjk mdjq¿ Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka fj;ska mQcljrï ,enq w;s W;=ï ue,alï ldÈk,a rxð;a ysñmdfKda j;auka iuia: iNdj ;=< m%n, hq.mqreIfhl= hehs ie,l=jfyd;a th ksjerÈh' Y=oaOdikh úiska fu;=ukaj
iyhl ro.=re jxYdj,shfldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï
fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —ln¾iqis˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï lrk ,oafoa 1991 cqks ui 17 jk Èk §h'
t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 1991 wf.daia;= ui 31 Èk f;aj;a; Y%S ,xld wm iajdñÿf.a cd;sl neis,sld mßY%fha§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï ksla,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ukakdru rdc.=rem%idÈ iy j;auka hdmkfha úY%dñl rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka jk w;s W;=ï tïudkqfj,a f;dauia fi!kaøkdh.ï ysñmdKka iy tjlg fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia ysñmdKkah' fu;=udfKda
jir 05 la fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fiajh l< w;r " 1995 fkdjeïn¾ ui 02 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska ia:dmkh lrk ,o r;akmqr rdc.=re jifï m<uq jk rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i m;a lrk ,§'
r;akmqr rdc.=re jifï rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i jir 05l ld,hla fiajh l< w;r 2001 Tlaf;dan¾ ui 01 jk Èk Y=oaOdikfha O¾uodkh ms<sn| iiqka fldñiug 2 jk cqjdï mdjq¿ Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska f;dardm;a l< ta;a iu.u w.%rdc.=re Oqrhg Tijk ,§' tys jir 03l ld,hla fiajh fldg 2004 wfm%a,a ui 29 jk Èk § bkaÿkSishdj kef.kysr ;sfuda¾ys wfmdaia;,sl ;dkdm;s Oqrhg iy Wïì%áflda kduOdß w.ro.=re jifï kduOdÍ ro.=re;=uka f,i kï lrk ,§'
kej; jrla 2005 foieïn¾ ui 10 jk Èk § foajjkaokdj ms<sno iiqka fldñifï f,alï Oqrhg 16 jk fnkäla Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska fu;=ukaj m;a lrkq ,eîh' jir 04la tys fiajh fldg 2009 cqks ui 16 jk Èk w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a bisUq ,eîu;a iu.u ku jk fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i kï l< w;r" t;=uka wNskj fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i moú m%dma;jqfha 2009 wf.daia;= ui 05 jk Èk §h' 2010 fkdjeïn¾ ui 20 jk Èk 16 jk fnkäla Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska fu;=ukaj ldÈk,a Oqrhg kï fldg frdaufha ÆÑhdkd ys Yd' f,darkaia uqks neis,sldfõ Ndrldr ysñmdKka f,i o kï lrk ,§'
ih jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï úkaikaÜ fïßhia msßia ysñmdfKda ^ 2001 - 2018 &
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï ih jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i b;sydi.; jkafka w;s W;=ï úkaikaÜ fïßhia msßia ysñmdKkah' t;=udKka 1941 Tlaf;dan¾ ui 11 jk Èk fudrgqfõ § Wm; ,nd 1972 ckjdß ui 25 jk Èk mQcljrï ,en" w.%rdc.=re jifï óiï" foõi;ay,a" wdh;k yd moú kdysñ Oqrhka o ord Y=oaOdikh úiska fu;=ukaj fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —gdlrdgd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka f,i kï lrk ,oafoa 2000 fkdjeïn¾ ui 16 jk Èk §h'
t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 2001 fmnrjdß ui 03 jk Èk fldgfyak Yd' Æishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ mej;s‚' th tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s
W;=ï ksla,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ;%sl=Kdu,h rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï lsxia,s iajdñms,af,a ysñmdKka iy tjlg wkqrdOmqr rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka w;s W;=ï Tiaj,aâ f;dauia fld,auka f.dañia ysñmdKkah' fu;=udfKda jir 17 la fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fiajh l< w;r 2018 wm%sfh,a ui 04 jk Èk bisUq ,eîh' fï wkqj fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i m;alrkq ,en" wìfiia ,nd úY%du .kakd ,enq m<uq iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fu;=uka b;sydi .; fõ' ukao óg fmr iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ Oqrh oerE ish,a,kau fiiq rdc.=re jiï j, fyda iiqka ks, ;, ord miqj w.%rdc.=re Oqrh olajdu meñK ;sîu fya;=fjks'
i;a jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï *sfâ,sia ,hk,a tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKda ^ 2012 - 2017 &
Y=' cqfia jdia uqks;=uka iaj¾.ia: ù jir 300la msreKq 2011 jir o 1968 jir fuka ,dxflah rdc.=re jxYdj,shg fuka u fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jiug b;d iqúfYaIS jirla f,i b;sydi .;fõ' tkï Y=oaOdikh úiska 2011 fkdjeïn¾ ui 28 jk Èk fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i 1968 jif¾ fuka mqcdm%id§jre fokula kï lsÍuh'
bka m<uqjekakd jkafka 1948 uehs ui 20 jk Èk hdmkfha § Wm; ,nd 1973 ckjdß ui 06 jk Èk j;sldk Yd' mS;r neis,sldfõ§" Nd.Hjr ihfjks mdjq¿ Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka w;ska mQcljrï ,enq w;s W;=ï *sfâ,sia ,hk,a tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ ysñmdfKdah' fu;=udfKda wïmsáh cd;sl foõi;ayf,a lÓldpd¾h jrhl= yd wÈhqre msh;=ud f,i o óiï .Kkdjl yd fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï l,dmSh kdysñ f,io fiajh lrk ,§' 2011 fkdjeïn¾ ui 28 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska wNskj fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd fyd¾gd ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq w;r t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 2012 fmnrjdß ui 17 Èk fldgfyak Yd' Æishd wdik foõue`ÿf¾§ mej;s‚' th j;auka fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re m%idÈ w;s W;=ï mgne`Èf.a fodka we,anÜ ue,alï ldÈk,a rxð;a ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka mej;s w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa tjlg ukakdru rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï
rdhmamq fcdaYma ysñmdKka iy tjlg Y%S ,xldfõ wfmdaia;,sl ;dkdm;s iy —fi¾gd˜ ys kduOdÍ w.%rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï fcdaYma iamsfgÍ ysñmdKka úisks' fu;=udfKda jir 05 la fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i fiajh l< w;r 2017 fkdjeïn¾ ui 22 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska w;s W;=ï rdhmamq fcdaYma ysñmdKkaf.a bisUq ,eîfuka jir follg jeä ld,hla ysiaj mej;s ukakdru rdc.=re jifï f;jk rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka f,i kï lrk ,§'
fu;=ud ukakdru rdc.=re jifï f;jk rdc.=re ysñmdKka f,i moú m%dma;jqfha 2017 foieïn¾ ui 30 jk Èk §h'
wg jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï iïm;ajvqf.a uelaiafj,a .%ekaú,a is,ajd ysñmdfKda ^ 2012 isg &
2011 fkdjeïn¾ ui 28 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska kï lrk ,o wfkla iyhl rdc.=rem%idÈ;=uka jkafka w;s W;=ï iïm;ajvqf.a uelaiafj,a .%ekaú,a is,ajd ysñmdfKdah' 1953 iema;eïn¾ ui 27 jk Èk fudrgqj ú,af,dardj;af;a § Wm; ,nd 1981 cq,s ui 07 Èk mQcljrï ,nd" wOHdmk fiajfha wOHdmkfõÈhl=" úÿy,am;sjrfhl= yd .=rejrfhl= f,i o fiajh l< fu;=ud fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï o¿.u" ;síngqf.dv" udfnda, óiïys óiï fiajl f,i o fiajfhys ksr; úh' 2011 fkdjeïn¾ ui 28 jk Èk Y=oaOdikh úiska wNskj fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —f,iskd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i kï flreKq fu;=udf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 2012 fmnrjdß ui 17 Èk fldgfyak Yd' Æishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ w;s W;=ï *sfâ,sia ,hk,a tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh iu.ska mej;s‚' tod isg fï olajd fu;=ud fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï j;auka w.ro.=re ldÈk,a ysñmdKka yd tlaj iqúfYaIS fufyjrla isÿlrkq ,nhs'
ku jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia - w;s W;=ï chfldä wdrÉÑf.a fodka wekagka chfldä ysñmdfKda ^2018 isg&
fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï ku jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i b;sydi.; jkafka w;s W;=ï chfldä wdrÉÑf.a fodka wekagka chfldä ysñmdKkah' t;=udfKda 1958 Tlaf;dan¾ ui 02 jk Èk muqKq.u § Wm; ,nd " 1985 cq,s ui 27 jk Èk fldgfyak Yd' Æishd wdik foõúufka§ tjlg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï ksla,ia udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKka w;ska mqoeÿre jrï ,eîh'
ish óiï fiajh ;=< jEj, " y,afma mkaksmsáh iy je,súg hk óiï j,o " mqcl mqyqKqj ;=< l¿;r oyï fiajd foõi;ay, " wïmsáh
cd;sl foõi;ayf,a lÒldpd¾h;=ul= f,i o fiajh lrk ,§' tys jir 05 la fiajh l< w;r" 2003 jif¾§ Y%S ,xld rdc.=re iïfï,kfha ks¾foaYh u; tys o¾Yk msGfha wOHCI;=ud f,io 2005 jif¾ isg 2011 jir olajd foajO¾u msGfha wOHCI ;=ud f,io fiajh fldg 2011 jif¾ isg fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=re jifï l,dmSh kdysñmdKka f,i iy foaj le|ùï iy mqcl mqyqKqj Ndr wOHCIl ;=uka f,i;a miqj uÜglal=,sh Yd'fcdaka fïß úhdks foõi;ayf,a wÈhqre mqcdm%id§ka jykafia f,i;a kï lrk ,§' ish Wiia wOHdmkh yodrk ,oafoa frdaufha Yd'mdjq¿ iiqka úYaj úoHd,fhks' m%ekaisia Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska 2018 wm%sfh,a ui 04 jk Èk fldf<dïmqr iyhl rdc.=re yd —uq,a,s˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=re f,i fu;=udKkaj kï l< w;r" tÈku ih jk rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia iy —gdlrdgd˜ ys kduOdß rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï úkaikaÜ fïßhia msßia ysñmdKkaf.a úY%du .ekSu ks, jYfhka m%ldY lsÍu iqúfYaIS isÿùuls'
t;=ukaf.a rdc.=re wNsfIalh 2018 cqks ui 23 Èk fldgfyak Yd' ¨ishd wdik foõueÿf¾§ fldf<dïmqr w.%rdc.=rem%idÈ w;s W;=ï ue,alï ldÈk,a rxð;a ysñmdKkaf.a m%Odk;ajfhka meje;ajQ w;r t;=ukag iyh olajk ,oafoa l=reKE., ro.=re w;s W;=ï yer,aâ weka;ks fmf¾rd ysñmdKka iy ukakdru ro.=re w;s W;=ï *sfâ,sia ,hk,a tïudkqfj,a m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKka úisks'
oi jk iyhl rdc.=rem%id§ka jykafia f,i w;s.re wekagka rxð;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdfKda 2020 wf.daia;= 29 jkÞ wìfiia ,n;s'
wfia, oikdhlYd' mS;r úoHd,h ".ïmy'
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkd¾:
m%§mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wìfiia
úfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
jr®I 1834 foieïnr® 03 jeks∞ w;s W;=ï fidf<diajk f.%.˙ iiqka mshdKka úiska fldÑka ro.=re moúfhka
fjkalr fld<U ro.=re moúh we;s lrk ,o w;r" 1886 iema;eïnr® 1 jeks∞ w;s W;=ï oi;=kajeks ,sfhda Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska fld<U w.ro.=re jiu ia:dms; lrk ,°' uq,au w.ro.=re ysñmdKka f,i w;s W;=ï ls%iafgdaµr® fndka‚ka ysñmdKka m;a le˙K' fld<U w.ro.=re jifï hqj ro.=re ysñmdKka f,i w;s W;=ï wkaf;daks l=foar® yd w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=fr® ysñmdKka m;a jQ w;r miqj t;=fuda w.ro.=rejrhg m;a jQy' 1962 ° uq,a jrg fld<U w.ro.=re jifï iyhl ro.=re jrhg w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKka m;ajQ w;r fld<U w.ro.=re jifï iyhl ro.=re Oqrhg m;a oi jekakd f,i w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka kï l< yelsh'
b;sydifha uq,a jrg fld<U w.ro.=re jiug iyhl
ro.=re ysñmdKka f;kulf.a iyh kj iyhl ro.=re
ysñmdKka kï ls¯u;a iu. ,efí'
kj iyhl ro.=re f,i kï lrkq ,en isák w;s.re
wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka ro.=rejrhg
wìfiia .ekaùu wf.daia;= 29 fikiqrd∞ fm'j' 9'30 g
fldgfyak id' Æishd wdik foõue∫fr® ° is≥lefrk
w;r fld<U w.ro.=re w;s W;=ï ue,alï ld†k,a rx‚;a
ysñmdKka iu. meje;ajQ iïuqL idlÉPdj my; ±lafõ'
m%Yakh - fld<U w.ro.=re jiug kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka kul kï lrkq ,eîu;a iu. b;sydifha uq,a jrg iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka f;kulf.a fiajdj ,nd .ekSfï jru Tnjykafiag ,eî ;sfnkjd' Tnjykafiaf.a ≤;a ;j ;j;a Yla;su;a lrñka Y=oaOdikh u.ska .kq ,enQ mshjr olskafka flfiao@
ms<s;=r - w;s W;=ï m%ekaisia Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=ud uf.a
<ne¢ ñ;=frla' t;=ud iu.ska b;du;a ióm ine¢hdjla
mj;ajdf.k hEfï úr, jru ,eî ;sfnk nj;a we;a;hs'
fld<U w.ro.=re jiu úIhfhys mj;akd ld,Sk
wjYH;djhka fukau tfå˙l ¥; fiajdj jv jvd;a
ck;dj w;rg /f.k hEug mj;akd ≥Ialr;d ms<sn|j;a
Wkajykafia ±kqïj;a l< miq fï i|yd b,a,Sula b†˙m;a
l< miqj ro.=re ysñmdKka kul m;a ls¯u i|yd
Y=oaOdikfha ms<s.;a l%ufõohla mj;skjd' lsishï jQ ksYaÑ;
ms<sfj<la ;sfnkjd' fï ishÆ ;;a;ajhka f;areï .ksñka
o" Bg w∞< ms<sfj;a yd lreKq ldrKd bgq lrñka o w∞<
b,a,Su Y=oaOdikh fj; b†˙m;a lrkq ,enqfõ ksYaÑ;
b,lalhka fmr±˙ lrf.khs' ta wkqj ksis l%ufõohka
wkq.ukh lrñka o" w∞< b,a,Sfï m%dfhda.sl
jeo.;alu" wjYH;d ksis m˙† .,md .ksñka o lghq;=
ls¯u fya;=fldgf.k fï b,a,Su imqrd .kakg wmg yelsjQ
njhs ud olskafk' w. k.rh flakaø
lr.;a fld<U w.ro.=re jiug fuh
b;du;a f.!rjkSh ;;a;ajhla yeáhghs
ud olskafk' úfYaIfhka furg w. k.rh
flakaø lr.;a w.ro.=re jifï w.kqjr
yd ;∞ikak m%foaYhkays øúv lf;da,sl
ie±yej;=ka úYd, ms˙ila „j;a fjkjd'
fï ie±yej;=kaf.a wd.ñl wjYH;d
imqrd,Sfï ±ä j.lSula wm msg mej¯
;sfnkjd' fï wh /l n,d .ekSu" Tjqkaf.a
wjYH;d ms<sn|j jv jvd;a ie,ls,su;a
fjñka lghq;= ls¯u" Tjqkg ijka °u wm
i;= tfå˙l lr®;jHhla neõ lsisfia;a
wu;l l< fkdyelshs' úfYaIfhka
øúv lf;da,sl ix>fha ckjkaokd
ms<sfj;a wNsjDoaê wdf,amh m%ido ksOdkh
∞kh ls¯u" wd†h oñ< niskau is≥
ls¯ug b†˙fha° wmg wjldY ie,iS
;sfnkjd' fuh øúv lf;da,sl ix>fha
n,dfmdfrd;a;= u,a M, .ekaùula jkafka
jvd;a myiqfjka f;areï .; yels f,i
;u ;ukaf.au NdIdfjka fï ckjkaokd
ms<sfj;a bIag isoaO lr .ekSfï Nd.Hh ta
ck;djg ,eî ;sfnk ksidfjks'
m%Yakh - fld<U w.ro.=re jifï fjfik ishÆ øúv lf;da,sl ie±yej;=kaf.a oyï msmdih ksjd,ñka ta ck;djf.a ienE tfå˙l wjYH;djhka imqrd,ñka ienE tfå˙l kdhl;ajhla Wfoid fuh ;j;a †.=jla fkdjkafka o@
ms<s;=r - fld<U w.ro.=re jiu ;=<
fjfik øúv ni l;d lrk ie±yej;=kaf.a oyï msmdidj
ixis∫jd,Sfï wruq◊ka wm fï jkúg;a úúO jevigyka"
jHdmD;s .Kkdjla wdrïN lr ls%hd;aul lrf.k hkjd'
«kdr®: m%°mh iy uefikacr® lf;da,sl m;a;r isxy, yd
bx.S%is lf;da,sl ie±yej;=kaf.a oyï msmdidj ixis∫jd,Su
i|yd ishjilg;a jeä ld,hla ;siafia w.ro.=re moúh
u.ska m< lrñka ;sfnkjd' øúv ni l;d lrk lf;da,sl
ie±yej;=kaf.a oyï msmdih ksjd,kakg «kT,s kñka
oñ< lf;da,sl m;a;rhla wdrïN lr mj;ajdf.k
hkjd' fï ksid tu ck;djg ;ukaf.a niskau oyu
lshdfok Odr®ñl m;a;rhla ,nd °ug wm lghq;= l<d'
oñ< ni l;d lrk" oñ< niska j;a ms<sfj;a bgqlrkakg
iu;a lf;da,sl msh;=ukaf.a wvqjla fld<U w.ro.=re
jifï mej;=Kd' ;ju;a mj;skjd' fuhg ms<shula f,i
foõi;ay,aj, bf.kqu ,nk fld<U w.ro.=re moú
mQcl isiqka jir foll ld,hlg hdmkfha foõi;ay,g
heùfï jevms<sfj<la wms wdrïN lr ;sfnkjd' fï u.ska
mQcl isiqkag øúv ni bf.k .kakg;a" W;=re kef.kysr
ck;d m%Yak y∫kd .kakg;a" Tjqkaf.a ixialD;sl ,laIK
yd jákdlï ±k .kakg;a" tu.ska ck;dj ;=< jv jvd;a
iómj lghq;= lrkakg;a bvlv ,nd ° ;sfnkjd'
fuu úfYaI mqyqKqj ,nd .ekSfuka miq mQcljrh ,nd
.;a .re msh;=uka ms˙ila fï jkúg;a fld<U w.ro.=re
jiu i;=j isákjd' ta jf.au fld<U w.ro.=re jiu ;=<
øúv udOH oyï mdi,a" ;reK lghq;= - újdydfmalaIl
iuqΩ jf.a foaj,a u.ska øúv lf;da,sl ck;djf.a
wjYH;djkag ióm fjkakg ±kgu;a wjYH mshjr /f.k
;sfnkjd'
kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a m;aùu;a iu. fï
lghq;= jvjvd;a Yla;su;a lrñka fyd¢ka ck;d wjYH;d
i|yd wem lem jkakg wjia:djla W∞fjkq we;'
m%Yakh - hdmkfha bmso tys ye° jeã wOHdmkh ,nd fld<U w.ro.=re jifï mQcljrh ,nd tys fiajh ls¯fï úr, wjia:djla kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a †ú .uk foi ne,Sfï° olakg ,efnkjd' fuh mQcljrfha wNsryiHuh le|ùug l†u ksoiqkla fkdjkafka o@ Tnjykafia fï ;;a;ajh olskafka fldhs wdldrfhka o@
ms<s;=r - fuhg fmr w;s W;=ï tïudkqfj,a m%kdka≥
ro.=re ysñmdKka ukakdrfï bm°" hdmkfha ye° jeã
fld<U ish wOHdmkh iïmQr®K lr w.ro.=re jifï
mQcljrh ,nd miqj tys iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka kul
f,i m;ajqKd' kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka hdmkfha
lhsÜia ¥mf;a lrïmka lf;da,sl .%dufha bm≥k flfkla'
fï .ïudkh ro.=re - mQcl ;=uka .Kkdjla ìyslr
;sfnkjd' ±ka ;j;a ro.=re ysñmdKka kula o ìysù
;sfnkjd' hym;a lf;da,sl mjq,a miqìul ye° jevqKq kj
iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka ;s%l=Kdu,h" uvl,mqj úY%dñl
ro.=re w;s W;=ï lsxia,s iajdñms,af,a ysñmdKkaf.a «;s
mq;%fhla' fï lf;da,sl miqìu;a" .ïudkfha ye° jeã ,nd
.;a ixialD;sl fmdaIKh;a" ta u;su;dka;r Tiafia jevqKq
„ú;h wkd.;hg u.la f,i ±laúh yelshs'
m%Yakh - w.ro.=re ysñmdKks" Tnjykafia t∞ ro.=rejrhg m;a jQ uq,a hq.fha mgka furg ;=< iduh" ixys¢hdj Wfoid wNS;j fmkS isá w;r kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a m;aùu W;=r yd ol=K w;r ñksia md,ula f.dvke.Sug l†u wjia:djla fkdjkafka o@
ms<s;=r - 1991 ° ud w.ro.=re jifï iyhl ro.=re
ysñmdKka f,i m;ajqKd' 1995 ° r;akmqr kj ro.=re jifï
uq,au ro.=re ysñmdKka f,i m;ajqKd' fï ld,fha ° YS%
,xld lf;da,sl ro.=re iuqΩfõ hqla;sh" iduh yd udkj
ixjr®Okh ms<sn| cd;sl lf;da,sl fldñifï iNdm;s
moúhg udj m;alrkq ,enqjd' fï rg ;=< mej;s m%Odk
.egΩjla jQ W;=fr® m%Yakh úi|d .ekSug ∞hl úh hq;= hehs
ug yeÛ=Kd' fï wruqK idlaId;a lr .ekSfï wNsm%dfhka
ud tu fldñifï Wm iNdm;s ukakdru ro.=re w;s W;=ï
rdhmamq fcdaYma ysñmdKka yd tlaj b;du;a Wkka≥fjka
idlÉPd lrñka rch iy igkaldóka w;r ixjdohla
f.dvk.d idlÉPd udr®.fhka fï m%Yakhg úi∫ula ,nd
°ug wd.ñl kdhlhka f,i jEhï l<d' ol=fKa NslaIqka
jykafia 27 kula iu. W;=rg wka;r® wd.ñl iqyo;djh
kexùfï ixpdrhla ixúOdkh l<d' tys kdhl;ajh tjlg
wia.s˙ mdr®Yajfha wkqkdhl w;smQcH Wvq.u nqoaOrlaÅ;
^miqj wia.s˙ mdr®Yajfha uykdhl ysñ& uy kdysñmdKka
orñka wm;a iu. tlaj lghq;= l<d' t∞ úoHd,xldr
ms˙fjfka jev jdih l< inr.uqj úYaj úoHd,fha l=,m;s
w;s mQcH lUqre.uqfõ j‚r kdysñmdKka jykafia;a fï
pd˙ldjg tlajqKd'
ixjdoh ;=<ska ckjdr®.sl .egΩjg ia:Sridr úi∫ï
fidhd .ekSug tjlg ckdêm;sks pkaøsld nKavdrkdhl
l=udr;=x. ue;sksh fukau w.ue;s uyskao rdcmlaI ue;s;=ud
iu.;a wm idlÉPd l<d' iïuq;shlg t<fUkakg fjr
jEhï l<;a th idr®:l jqfKa keye' ishÆ fldgiaj,
meje;s hï hï ≥r®j,;d fya;=fjka tajd lvdlmam,a jqKd'
t∞ wm jEhï lf<a rg fn°ug fkdj tlafiai;a ls¯ughs'
ta jk úg;a fkdks, uÜgñka rg lE,s follg leä,hs
;snqfKa' wo;a .egΩj uqΩukska úi£ keye' rfÜ iïm;a
;=Ügqjg folg fkdrgqkag úl=Kd ±óug jvd †hqKq
ls¯fï wdl,amfhka wm lghq;= l< hq;=hs' mgq mlaI" cd;s"
wd.ï wd° ishÆ fNao wu;l lr tlsfkld fj; idufha"
ifydaor;ajfha iy iyfhda.S;djfha ≤;a †.= l< hq;=hs'
fn°fuka fkdj tluq;=j lghq;= ls¯fuka
wmg fndfyda ch.%yK ,nd .; yels nj
wu;l fkdl< hq;=hs' fun∫ miqìul
w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a udysñmdKka wm
iu. tlaùu uy;a i;=gla f.k fokakla'
t;=ud W;=fr® cks; ùu" tys ye° jeã"
wOHdmkh ,eîu wmg wdYsr®jdohla'
W;=r yd ol=K tla lrk ñksishdfõ
md,u ;ekSug fuh l†u wjia:djla'
wfkHdkH wjfndaOfhka" f;areï .ekSfuka
f.dvkef.k fï ñksia md,ug t;=ud
ieneúkau Yla;shla jkq we;ehs ux úYajdi
lrkjd' ta i|yd wms tluq;=j lghq;= lruq'
m%Yakh - kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka iu. w.ro.=re jifï tfå˙l lr®;jHh iy fhduqj l=ula o@
ms<s;=r - fld<U w.ro.=re jiu ;=<
mj;sk l,dm 4 ro.=re ysñmdKka isjqfokdg
fn∞f.k lghq;= l< yels fjkjd' th
ieneúkau wdYsr®jdohla' ta ta l,dmhkag
j.lSfuka jehùug;a" wmf.a tfå˙l
fhduqj jv jvd;a Yla;su;a yd iómj m<
lrkakg;a bka fyd| wjia:djla W∞jk nj
wuq;=fjka lsjhq;= fkdfõ' ta w;r øúv ni
l;d lrk lf;da,sl ie±yej;=kg wjYH
tfå˙l iyfhda.h" u.fmkaùu jf.au
wdYsr®jdoh ,nd °ug t;=uka ;=<ska jv
jvd;a wjldY ,eîu .ek ud w.h lrkjd'
th ieneúkau wdYsr®jdohla'
idlÉPd lf<a - Ysrdka ffu;s%
Tn;a iu.ska id' mS;r úÿyf,a isá iuh u;lh wekagka rx‚;a udysñmdfKks W;a;u ro.=re moú jru ,o Tn .ek miiuq ;=;s fouq foú∫g b;sfrk me;sfrk i;=áka ms˙ yoiqkaor ksr®u, Y=oaOjq p˙;h ú,iska nn<k wUfr iqmqka i|fm%afuka idfuka tlΩ lrkakhs f,daflg ,enqfKa Tn;=u ysñi|
Tfí keK.=K ;=<ska ke. tk l=i,;djfh w,xldrhl=fia ujf.a ms<sis¢kakg l<ska ≥gqfõ foúmshdfKda hrfia b;sfrk cfõ me;sfrk fhd!jfka we;s pu;aldrh§tkak udZkqj¶ lsõj f–iqg ms≥j ysñ Tn w;s W∞rh
Tn;a iu.ska idka; mS;r ú≥yf,a isá iuh u;lhuy;a wo˙ka mqxÑ mS;r megõ ie,l+ whqre mq≥uhryia fkdjqj;a iefjdu ññKqfj ,efnk r;= máfha l;djhyq`.la i;=áks lú ,shkafka mdkakg uf. mS%;s rdjh
Tng m<|k rdc lsref<ys ;sfí Y=oaOjq l=refi i<l=Kthu ñkau;= i<l=Kla fkdj l=refi fjkjd f–iq f.khknhla keyefka iqo;a iq˙fπa isá;s Tn <Û nf,ka mqrjkTfí .; is; iqo;a iq˙∫g jid .kakg msfha fokq uek
fldfrdakdfjka foú∫ uysuh weia mkdmsg wms olskafkuqfoaj rchg tfrys ffjri wmu f,daflg m;=rejkafkuqfm%aufha uy W;=ï i;Hh f,dfõ me;s˙h hq;=j we;af;uqfmrg tkq uek uysñmdfKks Tng wmf.a iyh fokafkuq
ud' fld' chudkak
W;=r yd ol=K hd lrk ñksishdfõ md,ula f.dvk.kakg
kj ro.=re m;aùu wjia:djlaæfld<U w.ro.=re w;s W;=ï ue,alï ld†k,a rx‚;a ysñmdfKda
w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a udysñmdKkaf.a fiahdrE - à' iqks,a m%kdka≥ iy frdIdka m%°ma úisks
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkd¾:
m%§mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wìfiia
úfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
jr®I 1834 foieïnr® 03 jeks∞ w;s W;=ï fidf<diajk f.%.˙ iiqka mshdKka úiska fldÑka ro.=re moúfhka
fjkalr fld<U ro.=re moúh we;s lrk ,o w;r" 1886 iema;eïnr® 1 jeks∞ w;s W;=ï oi;=kajeks ,sfhda Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=uka úiska fld<U w.ro.=re jiu ia:dms; lrk ,°' uq,au w.ro.=re ysñmdKka f,i w;s W;=ï ls%iafgdaµr® fndka‚ka ysñmdKka m;a le˙K' fld<U w.ro.=re jifï hqj ro.=re ysñmdKka f,i w;s W;=ï wkaf;daks l=foar® yd w;s W;=ï f;dauia fnkacñka l=fr® ysñmdKka m;a jQ w;r miqj t;=fuda w.ro.=rejrhg m;a jQy' 1962 ° uq,a jrg fld<U w.ro.=re jifï iyhl ro.=re jrhg w;s W;=ï weka;ks o fiarï ysñmdKka m;ajQ w;r fld<U w.ro.=re jifï iyhl ro.=re Oqrhg m;a oi jekakd f,i w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka kï l< yelsh'
b;sydifha uq,a jrg fld<U w.ro.=re jiug iyhl
ro.=re ysñmdKka f;kulf.a iyh kj iyhl ro.=re
ysñmdKka kï ls¯u;a iu. ,efí'
kj iyhl ro.=re f,i kï lrkq ,en isák w;s.re
wekagka rx‚;a ms,af,hskdh.ï udysñmdKka ro.=rejrhg
wìfiia .ekaùu wf.daia;= 29 fikiqrd∞ fm'j' 9'30 g
fldgfyak id' Æishd wdik foõue∫fr® ° is≥lefrk
w;r fld<U w.ro.=re w;s W;=ï ue,alï ld†k,a rx‚;a
ysñmdKka iu. meje;ajQ iïuqL idlÉPdj my; ±lafõ'
m%Yakh - fld<U w.ro.=re jiug kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka kul kï lrkq ,eîu;a iu. b;sydifha uq,a jrg iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka f;kulf.a fiajdj ,nd .ekSfï jru Tnjykafiag ,eî ;sfnkjd' Tnjykafiaf.a ≤;a ;j ;j;a Yla;su;a lrñka Y=oaOdikh u.ska .kq ,enQ mshjr olskafka flfiao@
ms<s;=r - w;s W;=ï m%ekaisia Y=oafOda;a;u msh;=ud uf.a
<ne¢ ñ;=frla' t;=ud iu.ska b;du;a ióm ine¢hdjla
mj;ajdf.k hEfï úr, jru ,eî ;sfnk nj;a we;a;hs'
fld<U w.ro.=re jiu úIhfhys mj;akd ld,Sk
wjYH;djhka fukau tfå˙l ¥; fiajdj jv jvd;a
ck;dj w;rg /f.k hEug mj;akd ≥Ialr;d ms<sn|j;a
Wkajykafia ±kqïj;a l< miq fï i|yd b,a,Sula b†˙m;a
l< miqj ro.=re ysñmdKka kul m;a ls¯u i|yd
Y=oaOdikfha ms<s.;a l%ufõohla mj;skjd' lsishï jQ ksYaÑ;
ms<sfj<la ;sfnkjd' fï ishÆ ;;a;ajhka f;areï .ksñka
o" Bg w∞< ms<sfj;a yd lreKq ldrKd bgq lrñka o w∞<
b,a,Su Y=oaOdikh fj; b†˙m;a lrkq ,enqfõ ksYaÑ;
b,lalhka fmr±˙ lrf.khs' ta wkqj ksis l%ufõohka
wkq.ukh lrñka o" w∞< b,a,Sfï m%dfhda.sl
jeo.;alu" wjYH;d ksis m˙† .,md .ksñka o lghq;=
ls¯u fya;=fldgf.k fï b,a,Su imqrd .kakg wmg yelsjQ
njhs ud olskafk' w. k.rh flakaø
lr.;a fld<U w.ro.=re jiug fuh
b;du;a f.!rjkSh ;;a;ajhla yeáhghs
ud olskafk' úfYaIfhka furg w. k.rh
flakaø lr.;a w.ro.=re jifï w.kqjr
yd ;∞ikak m%foaYhkays øúv lf;da,sl
ie±yej;=ka úYd, ms˙ila „j;a fjkjd'
fï ie±yej;=kaf.a wd.ñl wjYH;d
imqrd,Sfï ±ä j.lSula wm msg mej¯
;sfnkjd' fï wh /l n,d .ekSu" Tjqkaf.a
wjYH;d ms<sn|j jv jvd;a ie,ls,su;a
fjñka lghq;= ls¯u" Tjqkg ijka °u wm
i;= tfå˙l lr®;jHhla neõ lsisfia;a
wu;l l< fkdyelshs' úfYaIfhka
øúv lf;da,sl ix>fha ckjkaokd
ms<sfj;a wNsjDoaê wdf,amh m%ido ksOdkh
∞kh ls¯u" wd†h oñ< niskau is≥
ls¯ug b†˙fha° wmg wjldY ie,iS
;sfnkjd' fuh øúv lf;da,sl ix>fha
n,dfmdfrd;a;= u,a M, .ekaùula jkafka
jvd;a myiqfjka f;areï .; yels f,i
;u ;ukaf.au NdIdfjka fï ckjkaokd
ms<sfj;a bIag isoaO lr .ekSfï Nd.Hh ta
ck;djg ,eî ;sfnk ksidfjks'
m%Yakh - fld<U w.ro.=re jifï fjfik ishÆ øúv lf;da,sl ie±yej;=kaf.a oyï msmdih ksjd,ñka ta ck;djf.a ienE tfå˙l wjYH;djhka imqrd,ñka ienE tfå˙l kdhl;ajhla Wfoid fuh ;j;a †.=jla fkdjkafka o@
ms<s;=r - fld<U w.ro.=re jiu ;=<
fjfik øúv ni l;d lrk ie±yej;=kaf.a oyï msmdidj
ixis∫jd,Sfï wruq◊ka wm fï jkúg;a úúO jevigyka"
jHdmD;s .Kkdjla wdrïN lr ls%hd;aul lrf.k hkjd'
«kdr®: m%°mh iy uefikacr® lf;da,sl m;a;r isxy, yd
bx.S%is lf;da,sl ie±yej;=kaf.a oyï msmdidj ixis∫jd,Su
i|yd ishjilg;a jeä ld,hla ;siafia w.ro.=re moúh
u.ska m< lrñka ;sfnkjd' øúv ni l;d lrk lf;da,sl
ie±yej;=kaf.a oyï msmdih ksjd,kakg «kT,s kñka
oñ< lf;da,sl m;a;rhla wdrïN lr mj;ajdf.k
hkjd' fï ksid tu ck;djg ;ukaf.a niskau oyu
lshdfok Odr®ñl m;a;rhla ,nd °ug wm lghq;= l<d'
oñ< ni l;d lrk" oñ< niska j;a ms<sfj;a bgqlrkakg
iu;a lf;da,sl msh;=ukaf.a wvqjla fld<U w.ro.=re
jifï mej;=Kd' ;ju;a mj;skjd' fuhg ms<shula f,i
foõi;ay,aj, bf.kqu ,nk fld<U w.ro.=re moú
mQcl isiqka jir foll ld,hlg hdmkfha foõi;ay,g
heùfï jevms<sfj<la wms wdrïN lr ;sfnkjd' fï u.ska
mQcl isiqkag øúv ni bf.k .kakg;a" W;=re kef.kysr
ck;d m%Yak y∫kd .kakg;a" Tjqkaf.a ixialD;sl ,laIK
yd jákdlï ±k .kakg;a" tu.ska ck;dj ;=< jv jvd;a
iómj lghq;= lrkakg;a bvlv ,nd ° ;sfnkjd'
fuu úfYaI mqyqKqj ,nd .ekSfuka miq mQcljrh ,nd
.;a .re msh;=uka ms˙ila fï jkúg;a fld<U w.ro.=re
jiu i;=j isákjd' ta jf.au fld<U w.ro.=re jiu ;=<
øúv udOH oyï mdi,a" ;reK lghq;= - újdydfmalaIl
iuqΩ jf.a foaj,a u.ska øúv lf;da,sl ck;djf.a
wjYH;djkag ióm fjkakg ±kgu;a wjYH mshjr /f.k
;sfnkjd'
kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a m;aùu;a iu. fï
lghq;= jvjvd;a Yla;su;a lrñka fyd¢ka ck;d wjYH;d
i|yd wem lem jkakg wjia:djla W∞fjkq we;'
m%Yakh - hdmkfha bmso tys ye° jeã wOHdmkh ,nd fld<U w.ro.=re jifï mQcljrh ,nd tys fiajh ls¯fï úr, wjia:djla kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a †ú .uk foi ne,Sfï° olakg ,efnkjd' fuh mQcljrfha wNsryiHuh le|ùug l†u ksoiqkla fkdjkafka o@ Tnjykafia fï ;;a;ajh olskafka fldhs wdldrfhka o@
ms<s;=r - fuhg fmr w;s W;=ï tïudkqfj,a m%kdka≥
ro.=re ysñmdKka ukakdrfï bm°" hdmkfha ye° jeã
fld<U ish wOHdmkh iïmQr®K lr w.ro.=re jifï
mQcljrh ,nd miqj tys iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka kul
f,i m;ajqKd' kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka hdmkfha
lhsÜia ¥mf;a lrïmka lf;da,sl .%dufha bm≥k flfkla'
fï .ïudkh ro.=re - mQcl ;=uka .Kkdjla ìyslr
;sfnkjd' ±ka ;j;a ro.=re ysñmdKka kula o ìysù
;sfnkjd' hym;a lf;da,sl mjq,a miqìul ye° jevqKq kj
iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka ;s%l=Kdu,h" uvl,mqj úY%dñl
ro.=re w;s W;=ï lsxia,s iajdñms,af,a ysñmdKkaf.a «;s
mq;%fhla' fï lf;da,sl miqìu;a" .ïudkfha ye° jeã ,nd
.;a ixialD;sl fmdaIKh;a" ta u;su;dka;r Tiafia jevqKq
„ú;h wkd.;hg u.la f,i ±laúh yelshs'
m%Yakh - w.ro.=re ysñmdKks" Tnjykafia t∞ ro.=rejrhg m;a jQ uq,a hq.fha mgka furg ;=< iduh" ixys¢hdj Wfoid wNS;j fmkS isá w;r kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a m;aùu W;=r yd ol=K w;r ñksia md,ula f.dvke.Sug l†u wjia:djla fkdjkafka o@
ms<s;=r - 1991 ° ud w.ro.=re jifï iyhl ro.=re
ysñmdKka f,i m;ajqKd' 1995 ° r;akmqr kj ro.=re jifï
uq,au ro.=re ysñmdKka f,i m;ajqKd' fï ld,fha ° YS%
,xld lf;da,sl ro.=re iuqΩfõ hqla;sh" iduh yd udkj
ixjr®Okh ms<sn| cd;sl lf;da,sl fldñifï iNdm;s
moúhg udj m;alrkq ,enqjd' fï rg ;=< mej;s m%Odk
.egΩjla jQ W;=fr® m%Yakh úi|d .ekSug ∞hl úh hq;= hehs
ug yeÛ=Kd' fï wruqK idlaId;a lr .ekSfï wNsm%dfhka
ud tu fldñifï Wm iNdm;s ukakdru ro.=re w;s W;=ï
rdhmamq fcdaYma ysñmdKka yd tlaj b;du;a Wkka≥fjka
idlÉPd lrñka rch iy igkaldóka w;r ixjdohla
f.dvk.d idlÉPd udr®.fhka fï m%Yakhg úi∫ula ,nd
°ug wd.ñl kdhlhka f,i jEhï l<d' ol=fKa NslaIqka
jykafia 27 kula iu. W;=rg wka;r® wd.ñl iqyo;djh
kexùfï ixpdrhla ixúOdkh l<d' tys kdhl;ajh tjlg
wia.s˙ mdr®Yajfha wkqkdhl w;smQcH Wvq.u nqoaOrlaÅ;
^miqj wia.s˙ mdr®Yajfha uykdhl ysñ& uy kdysñmdKka
orñka wm;a iu. tlaj lghq;= l<d' t∞ úoHd,xldr
ms˙fjfka jev jdih l< inr.uqj úYaj úoHd,fha l=,m;s
w;s mQcH lUqre.uqfõ j‚r kdysñmdKka jykafia;a fï
pd˙ldjg tlajqKd'
ixjdoh ;=<ska ckjdr®.sl .egΩjg ia:Sridr úi∫ï
fidhd .ekSug tjlg ckdêm;sks pkaøsld nKavdrkdhl
l=udr;=x. ue;sksh fukau w.ue;s uyskao rdcmlaI ue;s;=ud
iu.;a wm idlÉPd l<d' iïuq;shlg t<fUkakg fjr
jEhï l<;a th idr®:l jqfKa keye' ishÆ fldgiaj,
meje;s hï hï ≥r®j,;d fya;=fjka tajd lvdlmam,a jqKd'
t∞ wm jEhï lf<a rg fn°ug fkdj tlafiai;a ls¯ughs'
ta jk úg;a fkdks, uÜgñka rg lE,s follg leä,hs
;snqfKa' wo;a .egΩj uqΩukska úi£ keye' rfÜ iïm;a
;=Ügqjg folg fkdrgqkag úl=Kd ±óug jvd †hqKq
ls¯fï wdl,amfhka wm lghq;= l< hq;=hs' mgq mlaI" cd;s"
wd.ï wd° ishÆ fNao wu;l lr tlsfkld fj; idufha"
ifydaor;ajfha iy iyfhda.S;djfha ≤;a †.= l< hq;=hs'
fn°fuka fkdj tluq;=j lghq;= ls¯fuka
wmg fndfyda ch.%yK ,nd .; yels nj
wu;l fkdl< hq;=hs' fun∫ miqìul
w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a udysñmdKka wm
iu. tlaùu uy;a i;=gla f.k fokakla'
t;=ud W;=fr® cks; ùu" tys ye° jeã"
wOHdmkh ,eîu wmg wdYsr®jdohla'
W;=r yd ol=K tla lrk ñksishdfõ
md,u ;ekSug fuh l†u wjia:djla'
wfkHdkH wjfndaOfhka" f;areï .ekSfuka
f.dvkef.k fï ñksia md,ug t;=ud
ieneúkau Yla;shla jkq we;ehs ux úYajdi
lrkjd' ta i|yd wms tluq;=j lghq;= lruq'
m%Yakh - kj iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka iu. w.ro.=re jifï tfå˙l lr®;jHh iy fhduqj l=ula o@
ms<s;=r - fld<U w.ro.=re jiu ;=<
mj;sk l,dm 4 ro.=re ysñmdKka isjqfokdg
fn∞f.k lghq;= l< yels fjkjd' th
ieneúkau wdYsr®jdohla' ta ta l,dmhkag
j.lSfuka jehùug;a" wmf.a tfå˙l
fhduqj jv jvd;a Yla;su;a yd iómj m<
lrkakg;a bka fyd| wjia:djla W∞jk nj
wuq;=fjka lsjhq;= fkdfõ' ta w;r øúv ni
l;d lrk lf;da,sl ie±yej;=kg wjYH
tfå˙l iyfhda.h" u.fmkaùu jf.au
wdYsr®jdoh ,nd °ug t;=uka ;=<ska jv
jvd;a wjldY ,eîu .ek ud w.h lrkjd'
th ieneúkau wdYsr®jdohla'
idlÉPd lf<a - Ysrdka ffu;s%
Tn;a iu.ska id' mS;r úÿyf,a isá iuh u;lh wekagka rx‚;a udysñmdfKks W;a;u ro.=re moú jru ,o Tn .ek miiuq ;=;s fouq foú∫g b;sfrk me;sfrk i;=áka ms˙ yoiqkaor ksr®u, Y=oaOjq p˙;h ú,iska nn<k wUfr iqmqka i|fm%afuka idfuka tlΩ lrkakhs f,daflg ,enqfKa Tn;=u ysñi|
Tfí keK.=K ;=<ska ke. tk l=i,;djfh w,xldrhl=fia ujf.a ms<sis¢kakg l<ska ≥gqfõ foúmshdfKda hrfia b;sfrk cfõ me;sfrk fhd!jfka we;s pu;aldrh§tkak udZkqj¶ lsõj f–iqg ms≥j ysñ Tn w;s W∞rh
Tn;a iu.ska idka; mS;r ú≥yf,a isá iuh u;lhuy;a wo˙ka mqxÑ mS;r megõ ie,l+ whqre mq≥uhryia fkdjqj;a iefjdu ññKqfj ,efnk r;= máfha l;djhyq`.la i;=áks lú ,shkafka mdkakg uf. mS%;s rdjh
Tng m<|k rdc lsref<ys ;sfí Y=oaOjq l=refi i<l=Kthu ñkau;= i<l=Kla fkdj l=refi fjkjd f–iq f.khknhla keyefka iqo;a iq˙fπa isá;s Tn <Û nf,ka mqrjkTfí .; is; iqo;a iq˙∫g jid .kakg msfha fokq uek
fldfrdakdfjka foú∫ uysuh weia mkdmsg wms olskafkuqfoaj rchg tfrys ffjri wmu f,daflg m;=rejkafkuqfm%aufha uy W;=ï i;Hh f,dfõ me;s˙h hq;=j we;af;uqfmrg tkq uek uysñmdfKks Tng wmf.a iyh fokafkuq
ud' fld' chudkak
W;=r yd ol=K hd lrk ñksishdfõ md,ula f.dvk.kakg
kj ro.=re m;aùu wjia:djlaæfld<U w.ro.=re w;s W;=ï ue,alï ld†k,a rx‚;a ysñmdfKda
w;s.re wekagka rx‚;a udysñmdKkaf.a fiahdrE - à' iqks,a m%kdka≥ iy frdIdka m%°ma úisks
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
lsõjd' lula keye wïmsáhg .sysx foaj O¾uh
lrkak lsõjd' Bg l,ska l¨;r fiufkaßfha
i;s ;=kl jevigykla ;sfhkjd' bka miafia
wïmsáh hkak iqodkï fjkak lsõjd' ta wkqj
uu 1995 iema;eïn¾ 23 jeks od wïmsáh cd;sl
foõi;ay,g we;=¨jqKd" foaj O¾uh bf.k
.;a;d' tys wjqreÿ folla ysáhd'
foaj O¾uh lr,d óiïj,g iyh fjkak .shdo@'
Tõ''' óiïj,g Woõ fjkak;a mqyqKq
fjkak;a udj fhduq flrejd' 1998 § m<fjks
óiu wúiaidfõ,a,' tys .re ,,s;a
tlaiafmägia msh;=ud ysáhd' fofjks óiu
fldgfyak' tys .re ufyaIa .fkauq,a, msh;=ud
ysáhd' bka miafia ksÜgUqj óiug .shd' tys
.re rxð;a uÿrdj, msh;=ud ysáhd'
±ka f;ajdpd¾hjrhg iqÿiq ld,h fkao@Tõ''' 2000 wjqreoafoa§ wïmsáh cd;sl
foõi;ay, fj;g .sysx tu wjqreoafoa ckjdß
ui f;ajdpd¾hjrh ,nd iema;eïn¾ 16jeksod
fld<U fldgfyafka§ ux mQcljrh ,enqfõ"
udj fld<U moúhg Ndr .;a w;s W;=ï ksla,ia
udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a w;ska' ud;a tlal
;j;a msh;=uka yh fofkla mQcljrh ,enqjd'
mqxÑ ldf,a foudmshka tlal .;lrmq Ôúf;a fldfyduo@'
wfma f.or yqÕdla fyd| wd.ól mßirhla
;snqKd' wdÉÑ;a wms;a tlal ysáhd' ;snqK
úfYaIu ldrKh ;uhs yeuodu yekaoEjg
Trika lshkaku ´fka' uu hdmkh fl,ska
ùosfha ;snQ fyda,s *eñ,s fldkajkaÜ tfla
mQcdjg .shd' ux bf.k .;a;= biafldaf,;a
úfYaI jevigyka ;snqKd' tajdg;a iyNd.S
jQKd'
;d;a;d ke;s jqKdu we;sfjÉp yeÕSu fldfyduo;d;a;d ke;sfjkfldg ug tÉpr ±kqula
f;areula ;sífn keye' wïud wmsj n,d.;a;d'
wms fndfydu fyd¢ka ms<sfj,g ysáhd'
mQcd;ajrh ,enqKdg miafia Tn jykafiag jev
lrkak È.ska È.gu ,eì,d ;sfhkafka mdi,a'
we;a;gu fï Tn n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ fiajhlao@
mQcd;ajrfhka miafia ´kEu iajdñ flfkla
;ukag ,efnk foa .ek n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla
keye' tfy;a m,a,shl jev lrkak kï
n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla ;sfhkjd'
Tn jykafiag ;snQ n,dfmdfrd;a;=j fudllao@'ud;a we;a;gu m,a,shla n,dfmdfrd;a;=
jqKd'
mdi,la ,eìÉp tl .ek i;=gq jqKdo@'keye' ux mdi,g .shdu wjqreoaola ú;r
ysáfha i;=áka fkfï' fomdrla ;=kamdrla ú;r
w;s.re fcda úl%uisxy msh;=ud yuqù udrejla
.kak W;aiy flrejd' tfy;a msh;=ud lsõfõ
;j ál ld,hla bkak lsh,dhs' ta ldf,a w;s.
re fcda úl%uisxy msh;=ud wOHdmk lghq;=
Ndrj isáhd' t;=ud Ydka; mS;r úÿyf,a bkak
ldf,a b|kau uu Wkajykafiaj ±kf.k ysáhd'
uu yeuodu hkak ´fka lshkjd' Wkajykafia
yeuodu fmdâvla bkak''' fmdâvla bkak'''
lshñka ug ta jefâg ifmdaÜ flrefõ keye'
m%;spdrhla ±lajqfõ;a keye' b;sx ug;a fjk
lrkak fohla ;snqfkau keye' mdvqfõ ux uf.a
fiajh lrñka ysáhd'
hdmkfha ro.=re ysñmdfKda hdmkh leïmia tlg hkak wjir fkdfokfldg fudkjdo ys;=fka@''
ug f,dl=jg lsisu yeÕSula kï ;snqfKa
keye' fmdä lK.dgqjla ;snqKd' tfy;a ug
leïmia hkak wdidjla ;snqKd' uf.a ksjqka
ifydaorhd;a leïmia .shd' ud;a tlal Wiia
fm< lr,d fyd|g mdia fjÉp wh;a leïmia
.shd" ug hkak neß jqKd' ux úYaj úoHd,hg
fkdhk tl uf.a hy¿fjd;a ±lald'
Tn jykafia ro.=rejrhg tifjk fï fudfyd; fjkfldg wOHdmk lafIa;%fha fndfyda w;a±lSï ;sfhkjd' j¾;udkfha wOHdmkh .ek Tnf.a ±lau fudllao lsõfjd;a@''
miq.sh ld,h;a tlal ne,qjdu wo wOHdmkh
iïmQ¾Kfhkau fjkia' uu mdi,a ðú;h
.=rejrfhla yeáhg mgka .;a;dg jvd ±ka
f.dvdlau fjkia fj,d' ta ojiaj, orejkag
fudnhs,a f*daka bkag¾fkaÜ fudlj;au ;snqfKa
keye' wo ldf,a tajd Tlafldu ;sfhk ksid
orefjd;a fndfydau biairyska bkakjd' orefjd;a
tlal .uka lrkak kï wmsg;a ta ±kqu ,nd
.kak fjkjd'
fldfrdakd jix.;h;a tlal iuyr mdi,a
Tka ,hska wOHdmk jevigyka flrejd' iuyr
.=rejrekag Tka ,hska W.kakkak neßlula
;snqKd' biair orefjd ±lafla wÉpq fmd;a
ú;rla ksid orejkag jvd ±kqu ;snqfka
.=rejrekaghs' tfy;a ±ka orejka ±kqu tl;=
lr.kafka wÉpq fmd;aj,skau ú;rla fkfuhs'
Bg;a jvd fjk;a WmlrK ;sfhkjd' ta wh
fjk;a WmlrKj,ska ±kqu fydhd .kakdfldg
wms .=rejreka yeáhg Tjqkag jvd fõ.fhka
±kqu fydhdf.k yUdf.k hkak fjkjd'
mrK úÈygu ysáfhd;a .=rejrekag j¾;udk
wOHdmk wNsfhda. ch .kak neß fjkjd'
wo orejkag foudmshkaf.ka ;sfhk wjOdkh .ek Tnjykafia iEySulg m;a fjkjdo@
ta ldf,a foudmshka yeÈÉp úÈygu
taf.d,a,kaf.a orefjd wo yefokjd' wo
jeäysáhka f,iska bkak foudmshkaj ta ldf,a
Tjqkaf.a foudmshka yeÿfõ ne¨fõ fldfyduo
ta úÈygu ;uhs wo foudmshka ta whf.a orejka
n,d yod .kafka' foudmshka yßyeá yeÿfka
ke;akï ;ukaf.a orejkaj;a yßhgu yokak
fya;=jla keye'
wo foudmshka yqÕdla ld¾h nyq, ksid
orejka ;ksfj,d jf.a Ôj;a fjkjd'
iudcfha ;sfhk úúO ;dlaIKsl fuj,ï
tlal orefjd ksoyfia Ôj;a fjkjd' orejkag
jerÈ u.g hkak ;sfhk wjia:djka fyd|gu
jeähs' foudmshka ;ukaf.a orejka .ek jeä
wjOdkhla ;sìh hq;= ld,hla ;uhs fï''
foudmsfhda ;ukaf.a orejdj mqxÑ ldf,a b|,du
;ukaf.a w;ska w,a,df.k wOHdmk lghq;=
flrejdkï ta orejd Wiia fm<g hkfldg
w;a foflkau w,a, .kak foudmshka j.n,d
.kak fjkjd' fndfyda fj,djg isoaO fjkafka
fmdäldf,a b|,du tl w;lska w,a,df.k
tk orejdj Wiia fm<g tkfldg foudmsfhd
w;dßkjd' wo ldf,g ta ;;a;ajh yßu
Nhdklhs' f,dl= fj,d Wiia fm< lrk
orejkag nek,d ierfj,d yßhkafkau keye'
wdorfhka lreKdfjka /ln,df.k ish,a,u
lsh,d fokak fjkafka <Õskau b|,dhs'
foudmshka ;u orejkaj fï úÈyg yod .kak iQodkï lsh,d Tnjykafia ys;kjdo@
iuyr foudmshka talg iqodkï' ;j;a
iuyre tal ms<s.kak leue;a;laj;a keye'
Wiia fm< wjika fj,d wïud;a tlal fld<U tkfldg we;s fjÉp is;sú,s fudkjdo lsõfjd;a@
ug tfyu f,dl= is;sú,a,la ;sífn keye'
mQcljrh .ekj;a fyda fjk;a f,dl= fohla
.ekj;a uf.a ysf;a f,dl= woyila is;sú,a,la
;snqfKaaaaaaa keye'' wyj,a foa fkdflrefjd;a
tal uf.a Ôú;fha wiu;a tlla lsh,d uu
ys;=fj;a keye' fld<U weú;a fld, álla
mqrj,d msgrg hkak n,df.k wïud;a tlal
wdjd' tal;a idudkH yeÕSula yeáhghs uf.a
ysf;a ;snqfKa' fld<U wdjd" weú;a fld< álla
mqrj,d wjYH ;ekaj,g Ndr fokak ´fka
lsh,d ú;rla ys;=jd'
mdi,a ld,fha Ôú;fha wu;l fkdjk .=rejre bkakjdo@'
Wiia fm< wxYfhka ìS' f,darkaia .=re;=udj
ug u;la fjkjd' t;=ud wms yefudagu .Ks;
wxYfhka Wkkaÿjla we;s l<d' t;=ud YsIHhskag
úkhdkQl+,j iy f.!rjfhka hq;=j Ôj;a fjk
úÈy yß yßhgu lsh,d ÿkakd' t;=ud wmsg
foaYkd flrefõ keye' l%shdfjka
fmkakqï l<d'
Tn ro.=rejrhg tiùu .ek ukiska ys;kafka fudkjdo@
uu uf.a ro.=re Ôú;fha f;audj f,ig
f;dard .;af;a zz ta'' iñ|dKka jykafiahZZ
lshk jdlH ud,djhs'
fujeks f;audjla f;dard .kak fya;=j jqfKA fudllao@
uu uf.a Ôú;fha fndfyduhlau lr,d
;sfhkafka uu fkdokakd foa fkdokakd
mqoa.,hska lshmq foaj,a' ^Æla 5(3-9& Y=oaO
nhsn,fha kj .súiqfï i|yka fuu fldgi
fÊiq iSfudkag l;d fldg" uiqka we,a,Su
msKsi Trej ÈhUg Èh;a lr .eUQrg ±, fy,k
f,i wK lrkjd' iSfudka ms<s;=re foñka
zziajdñkS"'' wm ? uq¨,af,au fjfyi jQ kuq;a
wms lsisjla fkd,Èuq''' tfy;a Tn lshk fiala
kï''' ±,a fy<ñhs lSh''ZZ tod iSfudkag
f,dl=jg uiqka we,a,Su .ek ie<iqula ;snqfka
keye' ta wjia:dfõ§ fÊiqia iajdóka jykafia
tu ia:dkhg meñfKhs lshd iSfudka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfK;a keye'
uf.a Ôú;fh;a ish,a, isÿ ù ;sfhkafka
wkak ta wdldrfhka lsh,d uu olskjd''' uu
úYajdi lrkjd''
okak fkdokak wh lshmq yeu fohlau
flrejd'' fiufkaßhg hkak lsõjdu .shd''
rg hkak ,Eia;s fjkak lsõjdu fmdaï mqrj,d
,Eia;s jqKd'' wdfh;a"'' keye fiufkaßhg
hkak lsõjdu tal;a flrejd' ljqreka fyda
flfkla ud¾.fhka udj wo fï ;;a;ajfhka
ÈhUg wrf.k .syska ëjrhskag fndfyda uiqka
ÿkakd fia ug;a uf.a Ôúf;ag fndfyda foa
fohs lsh,d uu n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfKa keye''
ta ish,a, u ug odkh lf<a ta'' iñ|dKka
jykafiah''
Tn jykafia ro.=rejrhg tiù ;sfnk nj ±ek .;af;a flfyduo@
cQks 27 jeks od iji 6'30g ú;r ug
wfmdaia;,sl ;dkdm;s ld¾hd,fha furg isák
f,alï ;=udf.ka flda,a tlla wdjd' weú;a
t;=udj uqK .efikak lsh,d lsõjd' uu
yuqfjkak .shd'
Wkajykafia fudkjdo lsõfõ@Y=oafOda;a;u mdmajykafia Tnj fld<U
w.ro.=re moúfha iyhl ro.=rejrfhla f,ig
m;a lrkak leu;s fj,d ;sfhkjd'' Tnf.a
leue;a; fldfyduo lsh,d uf.ka weyeõjd'
hdÉ[d lr,d W;a;rhla fokak lsõjd' ux
hdÉ[d lrkak .shdg ta wjia:dfõ § ug
f,dl=jg hdÉ[d lrkak mq¿jka lula ;snqfka
keye' uu ál fõ,djla pem,a tlg .sysx
b|,d th foaj leue;a;la f,ig ms<sf.k hk
úÈyg hkak fouqhs lsh,d ys;,d leue;a; m<
flrejd' ta'' iñ|dKka jykafiah''lsh,d uu
úYajdifhka whs;s lr .;a;d'
cQ,s 14 jeksod ro.=rejrh m%ldYhg m;a
l<d'
mQcljrfhka miq ,o m;aùï iy fiajh l< ia:dk2000 - Tlaf;dan¾ 01 od -fld<U Ydka; mS;r
úÿy, - Wiia fm< iy idudkH fm< isiqkag
bx.%Sis NdIdfjka .Ks; .=rejrfhla f,ig'
³2001- 2003 Ydka; mS;r úÿyf,a Wiia fm<
<uqkaf.a mx;s Ndr .=rejrhd f,ig lghq;=
lsÍu' ³2003 - Ydka; mS;r úÿyf,a m%d:ñl
wxYfha úÿy,am;s f,ig m;aùu' ³2004
- wf.daia;= ui w;sW;=ï Tiaj,aâ f.dañia
w.ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a wdrdOkfhka jeäÿr
wOHdmkh i|yd tlai;a rdcOdkshg hdu'
³2005 - foieïn¾ wOHdmk lghq;= wjika
lr h<s Y%S ,xldjg meñKSu' ³2006 -
ckjdß fudrgqj Ydka; finia;shka úÿy,
fj; hdu' tu mdif,a fiajh lrk
w;r;=r fnd/,a, foaj O¾u ksfla;kfha
oñ< wxYh Ndrj lghq;= lsÍu' ³2007-
ckjdß ui urodk Ydka; fcdaima
úÿyf,a m%d:ñl wxYfha fiajh
lsÍu' ³2007-2012 fld<U Ydka;
mS;r úÿyf,a ksfhdacH
wOHlaI iy Wvq.ïfmd,
Ydka; mS;r úÿyf,a
jev n,k wOHlaI'
³2014-2019 - fld<U
Ydka; fcdaima
úÿyf,a fiajhg'
³2019- cQ,s fudrgqj
Ydka; finia;shka
úÿyf,a fiajhg'
³2020-
cQ,s ro.=rejrh
m%ldYhg m;a l<d'
³2020 - wf.daia;=
29 ro.=re wNsfIalh
fldgfyak
idka; ,qishd wdik
foõ ueÿf¾§'
Wkajykafia ish
mQcl Ôú;fha
ro.=rejrï ,nk
úg wOHdmk
lafIa;%h ;=< jir
20la iïmQ¾K lr
;sîu úfYaI;ajhls'
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wnsfiia
jsfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
11
fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha wNskj iyhl ro.=re w;s W;=ï wekagka rxð;a ysñmdfKda
10ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wnsfiia
jsfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ jpkfhka m%ldY l< fkdyels foaj wkdjrKhla fj; bjis,af,ka ksy;udkSj
n,d ys| ish,a, foúhka jykafiag Ndr§ iñ÷ fl; ch.;a ta foaj odihd iñ|dKka bÈßfha ro.=re wNsfIalh ,nkafkah'
w;s.re wekagka rxð;a udysñmdfKksæ
Tnjykafia f.A Ôú;h fj; iñ|dKkaf.a
uysud,xldrh nenf<Ajd hkq wmf.a m%d¾:khhs'
uf.a ujf.a ku óßhï O¾ud''' uf.a
mshdf.a ku uhsl,a wekagks' uf.a Wmka
m%foaYh hdmkh' uf.a .u lrïmka' wïudhs
;d;a;hs fokaku hdmfka' uu 1966 iema;eïn¾
23 fjks od Wm; ,enqjd' uf.a mjqf,a uuhs
;j;a tla ifydaorfhla ú;rhs bkafka' wms
fokaku ksjqkakq' uf.a wks;a ksjqka ifydaorhd
ug jvd nd,hs' hdmfka wvlal, foaj
uEKshkaf.a m,a,sfha udj l%sia;shdks lr,d
;sfhkjd'
uf.a ;d;a;d fld<U uy nexl=fõ idudkH
fiajlfhla yeáhg fiajh flrejd' ;d;a;d
fld<U jev lrk ksid 1973 wjqreoafoa§ wms
fld<U fldgfyak mÈxÑhg wdjd' weú;a
fldgfyak Ydka; fnkälaÜ úoHd,hg udj
we;=,;a l<d' ta wjqreoafoau wjidk Nd.fha
uf.a ;d;a;d wdka;%d jqKd' uf.a ;d;a;df.a
riaidj ksidfka wms fld<U wdfõ' ;d;a;d
wdka;%d jqKdg miafia wms wdfh;a 1974 §
hdmfkagu .shd' hdmkhg .sysx 2 jeks fY%aKsfha
isg idka; meá%la biafldaf,g we;=,;a jqKd'
t;eka isg idudkH fm< iy Wiia fm<
olajdu bf.k .;af;a ta biafldaf,uhs'
Wiia fm< bf.k .kak ux f;dard
.;af;a .Ks;h' .Ks; wxYfhka ;uhs uu
úNdf. ,sõfõ' úNdf.a ,shk ld,fha§ uu
uf.a óifï úúO jev lghq;=j,g iyNd.S
jqKd' wfma f.j,a <Õ uvula ;snqKd' tal
fyda,s *eñ,s fldkajkaÜ tlla' uu tys mQcd
iyhl <uhskaf.a iñ;sfh;a ysáhd' 9-10
jf.a fY%aKsj,§ uu uf.a óifï ´k lshk
foaj,g iïnkaO ù jev lrñka ysáhd' óifï
m,a,shg hkjd tkjd'
ux iajdñ flfkla fjkak leu;shs
lsh,d f.or whg lsõfõ Wiia fm< úNd.
fhka miqjhs' ug f.oßka wjir ÿkakdu
hdmfka moúhg .shd' hdmfka ysgmq
ro.=re w;s W;=ï Èfhda.= ms,af,
ysñmdKka jykafia yuqfjkakg
isoaO jqKd' Wkajykafia udj
hdmfka moúfha fiufkaßfha
YsIHfhla f,ig Ndr
.;a;d'
uu Wiia fm<
olajdu idka; meá%la
úÿyf,a bf.k
.;a;= YsIHfhla
ksid udj yqÕdla
wh ±kf.k isáhd'
ta ksid ug mqxÑ
fiufkaßhg hkak
lsh,d lsõfõ keye'
bx.%Sis úNd.h
mdia jqfKd;a
fl,skau fïc¾
fiufkaßhg hkak
mq¿jka lsõjd' 1985
wf.daia;= udfia §
uu bx.%Sis úNd.
hg uqyqK §,d mdia
jqKd' iema;eïn¾
23 jeksod uu
hdmkfha idka;
m%ekaisia fiaúh¾
m%Odk fiufkaßhg
we;=¨ fj,d
o¾Ykjdoh bf.k
.;a;d' Th w;r;=r§ ;uhs Wiia fm< m%;sM,
wdfõ'
m%;sM, wkqj udj hdmkh leïmia tfla
.Ks; wxYhg f;aÍ ;snqKd' tfy;a ug hdmkh
moúfha ro.=re ;=ud ta i|yd wjir ÿkafka
keye' ta ldf,a hdmfka hqOuh jd;djrKhla
;snqK ksid t<shg hkak wjir fokak neye
lsh,d Wkajykafia ug lsõjd' fudkjd yß
jqfkd;a j.lSu .kak neye lsõjd' hdmkh
fiufkaßfha b|,d m<fjks iy fofjks
wjqreoao o¾Ykh bjr flrejd' ±ka ug leïmia
hkak fyd|gu wdYdj;a ;sfhkjd' fiufkaßfha
b|,d leïmia tlg hkak n,df.k uu
wdfh;a .sysx fofjks j;dfj;a Wkajykafiaf.
ka wjir b,a¨jd" tfy;a fokak neye lsõjd'
bka miafia uu jydu hdmkfha leïmia
tlg .syska talg we;=¨fjk uf.a ,shd mÈxÑh
lEkai,a lrkak lsh,d ±kqï ÿkakd' ug úYaj
úoHd,fhka lsõjd fiufkaß wOHdmkh bjr
fj,d wjqreÿ follg miafia weú;a we;=¨
fjkak lsh,d' talg fld<U úYaj úoHd,
m%;smdok fldñIka iNdjg ,sh,d wjir .kak
´fka lsõjd' talg uu ta fjf,au ,shqula ,sõjd'
ta i|yd ug wjirh;a ,enqKd' ta wkqj uu
;j wjqreÿ follska leïmia tlg we;=¨fjkak
mq¿jka yeáhg frðiag¾ fj,d fiufkaßfha
o¾Ykh bf.k .;a;d' ta wjqreÿ fol;a wjika
lr,d ro.=re ;=ud <Õg wdfh;a .shd hdmkh
leïmia tlg hkak wjir .kak' ug fndfydau
lK.dgqjla we;s jqKd' ta wjia:dfõ§;a ug
kej;;a ta wjirh fokak neye lsõjd'
fï úÈyg hdmkh leïmia tlg we;=¨
fjkak n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka hdmfka moúfha
m%Odk fiufkaßfha mQcl YsIHhska mia fofkla
ysáhd' leïmia tlg hkak wms ;=< ;snQ ±ä
leue;a; yd Wkkaÿj ±lmq msh;=fula ysáhd'
Wkajykafia wmsg Woõ flrejd fiufkaßfhka
wiafj,d leïmia tlg hkak' wms miafokdgu
leu;skï wiafj,d hkak lsõjd' wms wiajqKd'
bka miafia hdmkh leïmia tlg we;=,;a
jqKd' .Ks; wxYfhka Wmdêhg bf.k .;a;d'
uu fyd|gu mdia jqKd' ta ksidu ug ta leïmia
tfla iyldr lÓldpd¾h ;k;=rla ,enqKd'
w;sW;=ï fojk cqjdï mdjq¿ Y=oafOda;a;u
mdmajykafiaf.a meñKSu;a tlal 1995§ uuhs
wïudhs fld<Ug wdjd' weú;A je,a,j;a;
m%foaYfha fmdä ;ekl kej;s,d áhqIka mx;s
tfyu lr,d uf.a mqoa.,sl jevj,g iq¿fjka
uqo,la Wmhkak mgka .;a;d' fufyu
bkakfldg ug wyïfnkau ys;=kd" ±ka
riaidjla fydhdf.k msg rglg .shdkï
fyd|hs lsh,d' .syska wOHdmk lghq;= bÈßhg
lrkakhs ux n,dfmdfrd;a;= fj,d ysáfha' ughs
wïudghs l,ska u,a,s" je,a,j;a; m%foaYfha
l,skau kej;s,d ysáhd' bka miafia ;uhs udhs
wïudhs fld<Ug wdfõ'
fld<Ug weú;a msgrg hkak wjYH foaj,a
iQodkï lrñka ysáhd' ta w;r;=r § wdfh;a
uf.a ys; we;=f,a iajdñ flfkla fjk woyi
M, orkak mgka .;a;d' ta;a hdmkfha leïmia
tlg we;=¨ fjkak hdmkfha ro.=re ysñ tlal
;snQ m%Yakh;a ksid ug wdfh;a hdmkh moúhg
hkak úÈyla ;sífnu keye' ug Woõ lrkak
ljqre;a ysáfh;a keye' wdfh;a hdmkhg .sysx
bkak ysákak ;ekl=;a ug keye' ta ldf,a
W;=re kef.kysr ;snQ hqOuh ;;a;ajh;a tlal
wms fld<U wdfj;a fndfydu wiSre .uklska'
wïudhs udhs we÷ï nE.hla ú;rhs wrf.k
wdfõ' wks;a Tlafldu od,hs wdfõ' ud¾.
ndOl miq lrf.k ÿIalr;d ueÈka" wdrlaIl
wxYj, mÍlaId lsÍï ueÈka fld<U wdjd' ta
ldf,a wms fldhs ljqre;a hdmfka b|,d fld<U
tkak;a fld<U b|,d hdmfka hkak;a ñksiaiq
fkdú¢kd ÿlla ú¢kak ´fka' fldÉpr ÿlla
ú|,d yß hdmfka .shd lshuqfld''' ta .sh;a
hdmfka moúfha
r.=re;=ud ud;a tlal
ta fjkfldg fyd|
ys;la ;snqfk;a
keye'
fld<U weú;a Tfydu bkakfldg uu
iajdñ flfkla fjk woyi fld<U§ d;sfhla
tlal lsõjd' Tyq w;s W;=ï lsxia,s iajdñ ms,af,
ysñmdKka jykafiaj fyd¢ka okakjd y÷kkjd'
w;s W;=ï lsxia,s iajdñ ms,af, ysñmdKka u.ska
ux .ek tjlg fld<U w.ro.=re w;s W;=ï
ksla,ia udlia ysñmdKka jykafiag lsh,d
;snqKd' w;s W;=ï ksla,ia udlia ysñmdKka
jykafia udj tlalrf.k tkak lsh,d ug
wdrdOkdjla ,eì,d uu Wkajykafia yuqfj,d
l;d lrkak .shd' udj tlalrf.k wdmq flkd
w;s W;=ï ksla,ia udlia w.ro.=re ysñmdKka
fj;g udj /f.k .shd' uu Wkajykafia tlal
l;d flrejd'
w;sW;=ï ksla,ia udlia w.ro.=re ysñmdKka fudkjdo weyeõfõ@
Wkajykafia uf.ka m<fjksfhkau
weyeõfõ isxy, lshjkak mq¿jkao lsh,d'' uu
neye lsh,d lsõjd'' isxy, ,shkak mq¿jkao
lsh,d weyeõjd'' tal;a neye lsõjd'' l;d
lrkak mq¿jkao lsh,d weyeõjd'''' tal;a ug
neyefka neyeu lsh,d ;uhs lsõfõ''' ;=ku
neß kï fld<U moúfha jev lrkak yß
wudrehs lsh,d Wkajykafia ug lsõjd' iajdñ
flfkla fjkak kï ta ;=fkkau fmdâvla yß
±k.kak ´fka'' bf.k .kak leu;so@'' lsh,d
uf.ka weyeõjd'' ux leu;shs''' ug mq¿jka
lsh,d uu lsõjd'
tfykï ux .=rejrfhla ,Eia;s lrkakï'
mqxÑ fiufkaßhg .sysx isxy, bf.k .kak
lsh,d ug Wkajykafia lsõjd' 1995 wfm%a,a
ksjdvqfjka miafia uu fnd/,a, mqxÑ
fiufkaßhg we;=¨ jqKd' ta fiufkaßfha
orefjd ksjdvqjg .sysx tkfldg uu ta wh;a
tlal b|f.k isxy, bf.k .;a;d'
fnd/,af,a mqxÑ fiufkaßhg we;=¨fjkfldg jhi lSho@
t;fldg ug jhi wjqreÿ 29la jqKd'
mqxÑ orefjd;a tlal tl;=fj,d tlg bf.k
.;a;do@'' fjku b|f.k bf.k .;a;do@''
we;a;gu ux ta wh;a tlal tlg ysáhg
fjku .=rejrfhla tlal fjku bf.k .kak
;uhs ug kshuj ;snqfka'
fjku bf.k .;af;a fudkjdo@1 jir"'' 2 jir iy 3 jir isxy, mdvï
fmd;a ug W.kajkak lsh,d .=rejrhdg lsh,d
;snqKd' ug ;snqK tlu wNsfhda.h jqfKa isxy,
bf.k .kak tlhs' hï lsis uÜgulg ug
wl=re bf.k .kak mq¿jka jqKd' uu wl=re
fyd|gu y÷k .;a;d'
ta lshkafka Tn jykafia jefâg fyd| ymfkla jqKd fkao@
we;a;gu uf.a fï wOHdmk lghq;= .ek
fiufkaßfha wOHCI msh;=udf.ka wy,d
;snqKd' tjlg .re fndkS m%kdkaÿ mq,af,a
msh;=ud wOHCI yeáhg ysáhd' ug isxy,
bf.k .kak fyd| Wkkaÿjla Wjukdjla
;sfhkjd' ta ksid wms thdj fld<U moúhg
n|jd .;a;dg lula keye lsh,d ta msh;=ud ux
.ek frluodrejla §,d ;snqKd'
bka miafia we;s fjÉp ;;a;ajh fudllao lsõfjd;a@'
bka miafia ug w;sW;=ï ksla,ia udlia
w.ro.=re ysñmdKka tkak lsh,d ux .ek
;sfhk fyd| ;;a;ajh .ek lsõjd' f,dl=
fiufkaßhg hkak leu;so lsh,d uf.ka
weyeõjd' uu o¾Ykjdoh lr,d ;sfhk nj;a
ixjdoh
relaud,a is,ajd
ish,a, ug odkh lf<a zzta''' iñ|dKka jykaafiahZZ
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
lsõjd' lula keye wïmsáhg .sysx foaj O¾uh
lrkak lsõjd' Bg l,ska l¨;r fiufkaßfha
i;s ;=kl jevigykla ;sfhkjd' bka miafia
wïmsáh hkak iqodkï fjkak lsõjd' ta wkqj
uu 1995 iema;eïn¾ 23 jeks od wïmsáh cd;sl
foõi;ay,g we;=¨jqKd" foaj O¾uh bf.k
.;a;d' tys wjqreÿ folla ysáhd'
foaj O¾uh lr,d óiïj,g iyh fjkak .shdo@'
Tõ''' óiïj,g Woõ fjkak;a mqyqKq
fjkak;a udj fhduq flrejd' 1998 § m<fjks
óiu wúiaidfõ,a,' tys .re ,,s;a
tlaiafmägia msh;=ud ysáhd' fofjks óiu
fldgfyak' tys .re ufyaIa .fkauq,a, msh;=ud
ysáhd' bka miafia ksÜgUqj óiug .shd' tys
.re rxð;a uÿrdj, msh;=ud ysáhd'
±ka f;ajdpd¾hjrhg iqÿiq ld,h fkao@Tõ''' 2000 wjqreoafoa§ wïmsáh cd;sl
foõi;ay, fj;g .sysx tu wjqreoafoa ckjdß
ui f;ajdpd¾hjrh ,nd iema;eïn¾ 16jeksod
fld<U fldgfyafka§ ux mQcljrh ,enqfõ"
udj fld<U moúhg Ndr .;a w;s W;=ï ksla,ia
udlia m%kdkaÿ ysñmdKkaf.a w;ska' ud;a tlal
;j;a msh;=uka yh fofkla mQcljrh ,enqjd'
mqxÑ ldf,a foudmshka tlal .;lrmq Ôúf;a fldfyduo@'
wfma f.or yqÕdla fyd| wd.ól mßirhla
;snqKd' wdÉÑ;a wms;a tlal ysáhd' ;snqK
úfYaIu ldrKh ;uhs yeuodu yekaoEjg
Trika lshkaku ´fka' uu hdmkh fl,ska
ùosfha ;snQ fyda,s *eñ,s fldkajkaÜ tfla
mQcdjg .shd' ux bf.k .;a;= biafldaf,;a
úfYaI jevigyka ;snqKd' tajdg;a iyNd.S
jQKd'
;d;a;d ke;s jqKdu we;sfjÉp yeÕSu fldfyduo;d;a;d ke;sfjkfldg ug tÉpr ±kqula
f;areula ;sífn keye' wïud wmsj n,d.;a;d'
wms fndfydu fyd¢ka ms<sfj,g ysáhd'
mQcd;ajrh ,enqKdg miafia Tn jykafiag jev
lrkak È.ska È.gu ,eì,d ;sfhkafka mdi,a'
we;a;gu fï Tn n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ fiajhlao@
mQcd;ajrfhka miafia ´kEu iajdñ flfkla
;ukag ,efnk foa .ek n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla
keye' tfy;a m,a,shl jev lrkak kï
n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla ;sfhkjd'
Tn jykafiag ;snQ n,dfmdfrd;a;=j fudllao@'ud;a we;a;gu m,a,shla n,dfmdfrd;a;=
jqKd'
mdi,la ,eìÉp tl .ek i;=gq jqKdo@'keye' ux mdi,g .shdu wjqreoaola ú;r
ysáfha i;=áka fkfï' fomdrla ;=kamdrla ú;r
w;s.re fcda úl%uisxy msh;=ud yuqù udrejla
.kak W;aiy flrejd' tfy;a msh;=ud lsõfõ
;j ál ld,hla bkak lsh,dhs' ta ldf,a w;s.
re fcda úl%uisxy msh;=ud wOHdmk lghq;=
Ndrj isáhd' t;=ud Ydka; mS;r úÿyf,a bkak
ldf,a b|kau uu Wkajykafiaj ±kf.k ysáhd'
uu yeuodu hkak ´fka lshkjd' Wkajykafia
yeuodu fmdâvla bkak''' fmdâvla bkak'''
lshñka ug ta jefâg ifmdaÜ flrefõ keye'
m%;spdrhla ±lajqfõ;a keye' b;sx ug;a fjk
lrkak fohla ;snqfkau keye' mdvqfõ ux uf.a
fiajh lrñka ysáhd'
hdmkfha ro.=re ysñmdfKda hdmkh leïmia tlg hkak wjir fkdfokfldg fudkjdo ys;=fka@''
ug f,dl=jg lsisu yeÕSula kï ;snqfKa
keye' fmdä lK.dgqjla ;snqKd' tfy;a ug
leïmia hkak wdidjla ;snqKd' uf.a ksjqka
ifydaorhd;a leïmia .shd' ud;a tlal Wiia
fm< lr,d fyd|g mdia fjÉp wh;a leïmia
.shd" ug hkak neß jqKd' ux úYaj úoHd,hg
fkdhk tl uf.a hy¿fjd;a ±lald'
Tn jykafia ro.=rejrhg tifjk fï fudfyd; fjkfldg wOHdmk lafIa;%fha fndfyda w;a±lSï ;sfhkjd' j¾;udkfha wOHdmkh .ek Tnf.a ±lau fudllao lsõfjd;a@''
miq.sh ld,h;a tlal ne,qjdu wo wOHdmkh
iïmQ¾Kfhkau fjkia' uu mdi,a ðú;h
.=rejrfhla yeáhg mgka .;a;dg jvd ±ka
f.dvdlau fjkia fj,d' ta ojiaj, orejkag
fudnhs,a f*daka bkag¾fkaÜ fudlj;au ;snqfKa
keye' wo ldf,a tajd Tlafldu ;sfhk ksid
orefjd;a fndfydau biairyska bkakjd' orefjd;a
tlal .uka lrkak kï wmsg;a ta ±kqu ,nd
.kak fjkjd'
fldfrdakd jix.;h;a tlal iuyr mdi,a
Tka ,hska wOHdmk jevigyka flrejd' iuyr
.=rejrekag Tka ,hska W.kakkak neßlula
;snqKd' biair orefjd ±lafla wÉpq fmd;a
ú;rla ksid orejkag jvd ±kqu ;snqfka
.=rejrekaghs' tfy;a ±ka orejka ±kqu tl;=
lr.kafka wÉpq fmd;aj,skau ú;rla fkfuhs'
Bg;a jvd fjk;a WmlrK ;sfhkjd' ta wh
fjk;a WmlrKj,ska ±kqu fydhd .kakdfldg
wms .=rejreka yeáhg Tjqkag jvd fõ.fhka
±kqu fydhdf.k yUdf.k hkak fjkjd'
mrK úÈygu ysáfhd;a .=rejrekag j¾;udk
wOHdmk wNsfhda. ch .kak neß fjkjd'
wo orejkag foudmshkaf.ka ;sfhk wjOdkh .ek Tnjykafia iEySulg m;a fjkjdo@
ta ldf,a foudmshka yeÈÉp úÈygu
taf.d,a,kaf.a orefjd wo yefokjd' wo
jeäysáhka f,iska bkak foudmshkaj ta ldf,a
Tjqkaf.a foudmshka yeÿfõ ne¨fõ fldfyduo
ta úÈygu ;uhs wo foudmshka ta whf.a orejka
n,d yod .kafka' foudmshka yßyeá yeÿfka
ke;akï ;ukaf.a orejkaj;a yßhgu yokak
fya;=jla keye'
wo foudmshka yqÕdla ld¾h nyq, ksid
orejka ;ksfj,d jf.a Ôj;a fjkjd'
iudcfha ;sfhk úúO ;dlaIKsl fuj,ï
tlal orefjd ksoyfia Ôj;a fjkjd' orejkag
jerÈ u.g hkak ;sfhk wjia:djka fyd|gu
jeähs' foudmshka ;ukaf.a orejka .ek jeä
wjOdkhla ;sìh hq;= ld,hla ;uhs fï''
foudmsfhda ;ukaf.a orejdj mqxÑ ldf,a b|,du
;ukaf.a w;ska w,a,df.k wOHdmk lghq;=
flrejdkï ta orejd Wiia fm<g hkfldg
w;a foflkau w,a, .kak foudmshka j.n,d
.kak fjkjd' fndfyda fj,djg isoaO fjkafka
fmdäldf,a b|,du tl w;lska w,a,df.k
tk orejdj Wiia fm<g tkfldg foudmsfhd
w;dßkjd' wo ldf,g ta ;;a;ajh yßu
Nhdklhs' f,dl= fj,d Wiia fm< lrk
orejkag nek,d ierfj,d yßhkafkau keye'
wdorfhka lreKdfjka /ln,df.k ish,a,u
lsh,d fokak fjkafka <Õskau b|,dhs'
foudmshka ;u orejkaj fï úÈyg yod .kak iQodkï lsh,d Tnjykafia ys;kjdo@
iuyr foudmshka talg iqodkï' ;j;a
iuyre tal ms<s.kak leue;a;laj;a keye'
Wiia fm< wjika fj,d wïud;a tlal fld<U tkfldg we;s fjÉp is;sú,s fudkjdo lsõfjd;a@
ug tfyu f,dl= is;sú,a,la ;sífn keye'
mQcljrh .ekj;a fyda fjk;a f,dl= fohla
.ekj;a uf.a ysf;a f,dl= woyila is;sú,a,la
;snqfKaaaaaaa keye'' wyj,a foa fkdflrefjd;a
tal uf.a Ôú;fha wiu;a tlla lsh,d uu
ys;=fj;a keye' fld<U weú;a fld, álla
mqrj,d msgrg hkak n,df.k wïud;a tlal
wdjd' tal;a idudkH yeÕSula yeáhghs uf.a
ysf;a ;snqfKa' fld<U wdjd" weú;a fld< álla
mqrj,d wjYH ;ekaj,g Ndr fokak ´fka
lsh,d ú;rla ys;=jd'
mdi,a ld,fha Ôú;fha wu;l fkdjk .=rejre bkakjdo@'
Wiia fm< wxYfhka ìS' f,darkaia .=re;=udj
ug u;la fjkjd' t;=ud wms yefudagu .Ks;
wxYfhka Wkkaÿjla we;s l<d' t;=ud YsIHhskag
úkhdkQl+,j iy f.!rjfhka hq;=j Ôj;a fjk
úÈy yß yßhgu lsh,d ÿkakd' t;=ud wmsg
foaYkd flrefõ keye' l%shdfjka
fmkakqï l<d'
Tn ro.=rejrhg tiùu .ek ukiska ys;kafka fudkjdo@
uu uf.a ro.=re Ôú;fha f;audj f,ig
f;dard .;af;a zz ta'' iñ|dKka jykafiahZZ
lshk jdlH ud,djhs'
fujeks f;audjla f;dard .kak fya;=j jqfKA fudllao@
uu uf.a Ôú;fha fndfyduhlau lr,d
;sfhkafka uu fkdokakd foa fkdokakd
mqoa.,hska lshmq foaj,a' ^Æla 5(3-9& Y=oaO
nhsn,fha kj .súiqfï i|yka fuu fldgi
fÊiq iSfudkag l;d fldg" uiqka we,a,Su
msKsi Trej ÈhUg Èh;a lr .eUQrg ±, fy,k
f,i wK lrkjd' iSfudka ms<s;=re foñka
zziajdñkS"'' wm ? uq¨,af,au fjfyi jQ kuq;a
wms lsisjla fkd,Èuq''' tfy;a Tn lshk fiala
kï''' ±,a fy<ñhs lSh''ZZ tod iSfudkag
f,dl=jg uiqka we,a,Su .ek ie<iqula ;snqfka
keye' ta wjia:dfõ§ fÊiqia iajdóka jykafia
tu ia:dkhg meñfKhs lshd iSfudka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfK;a keye'
uf.a Ôú;fh;a ish,a, isÿ ù ;sfhkafka
wkak ta wdldrfhka lsh,d uu olskjd''' uu
úYajdi lrkjd''
okak fkdokak wh lshmq yeu fohlau
flrejd'' fiufkaßhg hkak lsõjdu .shd''
rg hkak ,Eia;s fjkak lsõjdu fmdaï mqrj,d
,Eia;s jqKd'' wdfh;a"'' keye fiufkaßhg
hkak lsõjdu tal;a flrejd' ljqreka fyda
flfkla ud¾.fhka udj wo fï ;;a;ajfhka
ÈhUg wrf.k .syska ëjrhskag fndfyda uiqka
ÿkakd fia ug;a uf.a Ôúf;ag fndfyda foa
fohs lsh,d uu n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqfKa keye''
ta ish,a, u ug odkh lf<a ta'' iñ|dKka
jykafiah''
Tn jykafia ro.=rejrhg tiù ;sfnk nj ±ek .;af;a flfyduo@
cQks 27 jeks od iji 6'30g ú;r ug
wfmdaia;,sl ;dkdm;s ld¾hd,fha furg isák
f,alï ;=udf.ka flda,a tlla wdjd' weú;a
t;=udj uqK .efikak lsh,d lsõjd' uu
yuqfjkak .shd'
Wkajykafia fudkjdo lsõfõ@Y=oafOda;a;u mdmajykafia Tnj fld<U
w.ro.=re moúfha iyhl ro.=rejrfhla f,ig
m;a lrkak leu;s fj,d ;sfhkjd'' Tnf.a
leue;a; fldfyduo lsh,d uf.ka weyeõjd'
hdÉ[d lr,d W;a;rhla fokak lsõjd' ux
hdÉ[d lrkak .shdg ta wjia:dfõ § ug
f,dl=jg hdÉ[d lrkak mq¿jka lula ;snqfka
keye' uu ál fõ,djla pem,a tlg .sysx
b|,d th foaj leue;a;la f,ig ms<sf.k hk
úÈyg hkak fouqhs lsh,d ys;,d leue;a; m<
flrejd' ta'' iñ|dKka jykafiah''lsh,d uu
úYajdifhka whs;s lr .;a;d'
cQ,s 14 jeksod ro.=rejrh m%ldYhg m;a
l<d'
mQcljrfhka miq ,o m;aùï iy fiajh l< ia:dk2000 - Tlaf;dan¾ 01 od -fld<U Ydka; mS;r
úÿy, - Wiia fm< iy idudkH fm< isiqkag
bx.%Sis NdIdfjka .Ks; .=rejrfhla f,ig'
³2001- 2003 Ydka; mS;r úÿyf,a Wiia fm<
<uqkaf.a mx;s Ndr .=rejrhd f,ig lghq;=
lsÍu' ³2003 - Ydka; mS;r úÿyf,a m%d:ñl
wxYfha úÿy,am;s f,ig m;aùu' ³2004
- wf.daia;= ui w;sW;=ï Tiaj,aâ f.dañia
w.ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a wdrdOkfhka jeäÿr
wOHdmkh i|yd tlai;a rdcOdkshg hdu'
³2005 - foieïn¾ wOHdmk lghq;= wjika
lr h<s Y%S ,xldjg meñKSu' ³2006 -
ckjdß fudrgqj Ydka; finia;shka úÿy,
fj; hdu' tu mdif,a fiajh lrk
w;r;=r fnd/,a, foaj O¾u ksfla;kfha
oñ< wxYh Ndrj lghq;= lsÍu' ³2007-
ckjdß ui urodk Ydka; fcdaima
úÿyf,a m%d:ñl wxYfha fiajh
lsÍu' ³2007-2012 fld<U Ydka;
mS;r úÿyf,a ksfhdacH
wOHlaI iy Wvq.ïfmd,
Ydka; mS;r úÿyf,a
jev n,k wOHlaI'
³2014-2019 - fld<U
Ydka; fcdaima
úÿyf,a fiajhg'
³2019- cQ,s fudrgqj
Ydka; finia;shka
úÿyf,a fiajhg'
³2020-
cQ,s ro.=rejrh
m%ldYhg m;a l<d'
³2020 - wf.daia;=
29 ro.=re wNsfIalh
fldgfyak
idka; ,qishd wdik
foõ ueÿf¾§'
Wkajykafia ish
mQcl Ôú;fha
ro.=rejrï ,nk
úg wOHdmk
lafIa;%h ;=< jir
20la iïmQ¾K lr
;sîu úfYaI;ajhls'
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wnsfiia
jsfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
11
fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha wNskj iyhl ro.=re w;s W;=ï wekagka rxð;a ysñmdfKda
10ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wnsfiia
jsfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ jpkfhka m%ldY l< fkdyels foaj wkdjrKhla fj; bjis,af,ka ksy;udkSj
n,d ys| ish,a, foúhka jykafiag Ndr§ iñ÷ fl; ch.;a ta foaj odihd iñ|dKka bÈßfha ro.=re wNsfIalh ,nkafkah'
w;s.re wekagka rxð;a udysñmdfKksæ
Tnjykafia f.A Ôú;h fj; iñ|dKkaf.a
uysud,xldrh nenf<Ajd hkq wmf.a m%d¾:khhs'
uf.a ujf.a ku óßhï O¾ud''' uf.a
mshdf.a ku uhsl,a wekagks' uf.a Wmka
m%foaYh hdmkh' uf.a .u lrïmka' wïudhs
;d;a;hs fokaku hdmfka' uu 1966 iema;eïn¾
23 fjks od Wm; ,enqjd' uf.a mjqf,a uuhs
;j;a tla ifydaorfhla ú;rhs bkafka' wms
fokaku ksjqkakq' uf.a wks;a ksjqka ifydaorhd
ug jvd nd,hs' hdmfka wvlal, foaj
uEKshkaf.a m,a,sfha udj l%sia;shdks lr,d
;sfhkjd'
uf.a ;d;a;d fld<U uy nexl=fõ idudkH
fiajlfhla yeáhg fiajh flrejd' ;d;a;d
fld<U jev lrk ksid 1973 wjqreoafoa§ wms
fld<U fldgfyak mÈxÑhg wdjd' weú;a
fldgfyak Ydka; fnkälaÜ úoHd,hg udj
we;=,;a l<d' ta wjqreoafoau wjidk Nd.fha
uf.a ;d;a;d wdka;%d jqKd' uf.a ;d;a;df.a
riaidj ksidfka wms fld<U wdfõ' ;d;a;d
wdka;%d jqKdg miafia wms wdfh;a 1974 §
hdmfkagu .shd' hdmkhg .sysx 2 jeks fY%aKsfha
isg idka; meá%la biafldaf,g we;=,;a jqKd'
t;eka isg idudkH fm< iy Wiia fm<
olajdu bf.k .;af;a ta biafldaf,uhs'
Wiia fm< bf.k .kak ux f;dard
.;af;a .Ks;h' .Ks; wxYfhka ;uhs uu
úNdf. ,sõfõ' úNdf.a ,shk ld,fha§ uu
uf.a óifï úúO jev lghq;=j,g iyNd.S
jqKd' wfma f.j,a <Õ uvula ;snqKd' tal
fyda,s *eñ,s fldkajkaÜ tlla' uu tys mQcd
iyhl <uhskaf.a iñ;sfh;a ysáhd' 9-10
jf.a fY%aKsj,§ uu uf.a óifï ´k lshk
foaj,g iïnkaO ù jev lrñka ysáhd' óifï
m,a,shg hkjd tkjd'
ux iajdñ flfkla fjkak leu;shs
lsh,d f.or whg lsõfõ Wiia fm< úNd.
fhka miqjhs' ug f.oßka wjir ÿkakdu
hdmfka moúhg .shd' hdmfka ysgmq
ro.=re w;s W;=ï Èfhda.= ms,af,
ysñmdKka jykafia yuqfjkakg
isoaO jqKd' Wkajykafia udj
hdmfka moúfha fiufkaßfha
YsIHfhla f,ig Ndr
.;a;d'
uu Wiia fm<
olajdu idka; meá%la
úÿyf,a bf.k
.;a;= YsIHfhla
ksid udj yqÕdla
wh ±kf.k isáhd'
ta ksid ug mqxÑ
fiufkaßhg hkak
lsh,d lsõfõ keye'
bx.%Sis úNd.h
mdia jqfKd;a
fl,skau fïc¾
fiufkaßhg hkak
mq¿jka lsõjd' 1985
wf.daia;= udfia §
uu bx.%Sis úNd.
hg uqyqK §,d mdia
jqKd' iema;eïn¾
23 jeksod uu
hdmkfha idka;
m%ekaisia fiaúh¾
m%Odk fiufkaßhg
we;=¨ fj,d
o¾Ykjdoh bf.k
.;a;d' Th w;r;=r§ ;uhs Wiia fm< m%;sM,
wdfõ'
m%;sM, wkqj udj hdmkh leïmia tfla
.Ks; wxYhg f;aÍ ;snqKd' tfy;a ug hdmkh
moúfha ro.=re ;=ud ta i|yd wjir ÿkafka
keye' ta ldf,a hdmfka hqOuh jd;djrKhla
;snqK ksid t<shg hkak wjir fokak neye
lsh,d Wkajykafia ug lsõjd' fudkjd yß
jqfkd;a j.lSu .kak neye lsõjd' hdmkh
fiufkaßfha b|,d m<fjks iy fofjks
wjqreoao o¾Ykh bjr flrejd' ±ka ug leïmia
hkak fyd|gu wdYdj;a ;sfhkjd' fiufkaßfha
b|,d leïmia tlg hkak n,df.k uu
wdfh;a .sysx fofjks j;dfj;a Wkajykafiaf.
ka wjir b,a¨jd" tfy;a fokak neye lsõjd'
bka miafia uu jydu hdmkfha leïmia
tlg .syska talg we;=¨fjk uf.a ,shd mÈxÑh
lEkai,a lrkak lsh,d ±kqï ÿkakd' ug úYaj
úoHd,fhka lsõjd fiufkaß wOHdmkh bjr
fj,d wjqreÿ follg miafia weú;a we;=¨
fjkak lsh,d' talg fld<U úYaj úoHd,
m%;smdok fldñIka iNdjg ,sh,d wjir .kak
´fka lsõjd' talg uu ta fjf,au ,shqula ,sõjd'
ta i|yd ug wjirh;a ,enqKd' ta wkqj uu
;j wjqreÿ follska leïmia tlg we;=¨fjkak
mq¿jka yeáhg frðiag¾ fj,d fiufkaßfha
o¾Ykh bf.k .;a;d' ta wjqreÿ fol;a wjika
lr,d ro.=re ;=ud <Õg wdfh;a .shd hdmkh
leïmia tlg hkak wjir .kak' ug fndfydau
lK.dgqjla we;s jqKd' ta wjia:dfõ§;a ug
kej;;a ta wjirh fokak neye lsõjd'
fï úÈyg hdmkh leïmia tlg we;=¨
fjkak n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka hdmfka moúfha
m%Odk fiufkaßfha mQcl YsIHhska mia fofkla
ysáhd' leïmia tlg hkak wms ;=< ;snQ ±ä
leue;a; yd Wkkaÿj ±lmq msh;=fula ysáhd'
Wkajykafia wmsg Woõ flrejd fiufkaßfhka
wiafj,d leïmia tlg hkak' wms miafokdgu
leu;skï wiafj,d hkak lsõjd' wms wiajqKd'
bka miafia hdmkh leïmia tlg we;=,;a
jqKd' .Ks; wxYfhka Wmdêhg bf.k .;a;d'
uu fyd|gu mdia jqKd' ta ksidu ug ta leïmia
tfla iyldr lÓldpd¾h ;k;=rla ,enqKd'
w;sW;=ï fojk cqjdï mdjq¿ Y=oafOda;a;u
mdmajykafiaf.a meñKSu;a tlal 1995§ uuhs
wïudhs fld<Ug wdjd' weú;A je,a,j;a;
m%foaYfha fmdä ;ekl kej;s,d áhqIka mx;s
tfyu lr,d uf.a mqoa.,sl jevj,g iq¿fjka
uqo,la Wmhkak mgka .;a;d' fufyu
bkakfldg ug wyïfnkau ys;=kd" ±ka
riaidjla fydhdf.k msg rglg .shdkï
fyd|hs lsh,d' .syska wOHdmk lghq;= bÈßhg
lrkakhs ux n,dfmdfrd;a;= fj,d ysáfha' ughs
wïudghs l,ska u,a,s" je,a,j;a; m%foaYfha
l,skau kej;s,d ysáhd' bka miafia ;uhs udhs
wïudhs fld<Ug wdfõ'
fld<Ug weú;a msgrg hkak wjYH foaj,a
iQodkï lrñka ysáhd' ta w;r;=r § wdfh;a
uf.a ys; we;=f,a iajdñ flfkla fjk woyi
M, orkak mgka .;a;d' ta;a hdmkfha leïmia
tlg we;=¨ fjkak hdmkfha ro.=re ysñ tlal
;snQ m%Yakh;a ksid ug wdfh;a hdmkh moúhg
hkak úÈyla ;sífnu keye' ug Woõ lrkak
ljqre;a ysáfh;a keye' wdfh;a hdmkhg .sysx
bkak ysákak ;ekl=;a ug keye' ta ldf,a
W;=re kef.kysr ;snQ hqOuh ;;a;ajh;a tlal
wms fld<U wdfj;a fndfydu wiSre .uklska'
wïudhs udhs we÷ï nE.hla ú;rhs wrf.k
wdfõ' wks;a Tlafldu od,hs wdfõ' ud¾.
ndOl miq lrf.k ÿIalr;d ueÈka" wdrlaIl
wxYj, mÍlaId lsÍï ueÈka fld<U wdjd' ta
ldf,a wms fldhs ljqre;a hdmfka b|,d fld<U
tkak;a fld<U b|,d hdmfka hkak;a ñksiaiq
fkdú¢kd ÿlla ú¢kak ´fka' fldÉpr ÿlla
ú|,d yß hdmfka .shd lshuqfld''' ta .sh;a
hdmfka moúfha
r.=re;=ud ud;a tlal
ta fjkfldg fyd|
ys;la ;snqfk;a
keye'
fld<U weú;a Tfydu bkakfldg uu
iajdñ flfkla fjk woyi fld<U§ d;sfhla
tlal lsõjd' Tyq w;s W;=ï lsxia,s iajdñ ms,af,
ysñmdKka jykafiaj fyd¢ka okakjd y÷kkjd'
w;s W;=ï lsxia,s iajdñ ms,af, ysñmdKka u.ska
ux .ek tjlg fld<U w.ro.=re w;s W;=ï
ksla,ia udlia ysñmdKka jykafiag lsh,d
;snqKd' w;s W;=ï ksla,ia udlia ysñmdKka
jykafia udj tlalrf.k tkak lsh,d ug
wdrdOkdjla ,eì,d uu Wkajykafia yuqfj,d
l;d lrkak .shd' udj tlalrf.k wdmq flkd
w;s W;=ï ksla,ia udlia w.ro.=re ysñmdKka
fj;g udj /f.k .shd' uu Wkajykafia tlal
l;d flrejd'
w;sW;=ï ksla,ia udlia w.ro.=re ysñmdKka fudkjdo weyeõfõ@
Wkajykafia uf.ka m<fjksfhkau
weyeõfõ isxy, lshjkak mq¿jkao lsh,d'' uu
neye lsh,d lsõjd'' isxy, ,shkak mq¿jkao
lsh,d weyeõjd'' tal;a neye lsõjd'' l;d
lrkak mq¿jkao lsh,d weyeõjd'''' tal;a ug
neyefka neyeu lsh,d ;uhs lsõfõ''' ;=ku
neß kï fld<U moúfha jev lrkak yß
wudrehs lsh,d Wkajykafia ug lsõjd' iajdñ
flfkla fjkak kï ta ;=fkkau fmdâvla yß
±k.kak ´fka'' bf.k .kak leu;so@'' lsh,d
uf.ka weyeõjd'' ux leu;shs''' ug mq¿jka
lsh,d uu lsõjd'
tfykï ux .=rejrfhla ,Eia;s lrkakï'
mqxÑ fiufkaßhg .sysx isxy, bf.k .kak
lsh,d ug Wkajykafia lsõjd' 1995 wfm%a,a
ksjdvqfjka miafia uu fnd/,a, mqxÑ
fiufkaßhg we;=¨ jqKd' ta fiufkaßfha
orefjd ksjdvqjg .sysx tkfldg uu ta wh;a
tlal b|f.k isxy, bf.k .;a;d'
fnd/,af,a mqxÑ fiufkaßhg we;=¨fjkfldg jhi lSho@
t;fldg ug jhi wjqreÿ 29la jqKd'
mqxÑ orefjd;a tlal tl;=fj,d tlg bf.k
.;a;do@'' fjku b|f.k bf.k .;a;do@''
we;a;gu ux ta wh;a tlal tlg ysáhg
fjku .=rejrfhla tlal fjku bf.k .kak
;uhs ug kshuj ;snqfka'
fjku bf.k .;af;a fudkjdo@1 jir"'' 2 jir iy 3 jir isxy, mdvï
fmd;a ug W.kajkak lsh,d .=rejrhdg lsh,d
;snqKd' ug ;snqK tlu wNsfhda.h jqfKa isxy,
bf.k .kak tlhs' hï lsis uÜgulg ug
wl=re bf.k .kak mq¿jka jqKd' uu wl=re
fyd|gu y÷k .;a;d'
ta lshkafka Tn jykafia jefâg fyd| ymfkla jqKd fkao@
we;a;gu uf.a fï wOHdmk lghq;= .ek
fiufkaßfha wOHCI msh;=udf.ka wy,d
;snqKd' tjlg .re fndkS m%kdkaÿ mq,af,a
msh;=ud wOHCI yeáhg ysáhd' ug isxy,
bf.k .kak fyd| Wkkaÿjla Wjukdjla
;sfhkjd' ta ksid wms thdj fld<U moúhg
n|jd .;a;dg lula keye lsh,d ta msh;=ud ux
.ek frluodrejla §,d ;snqKd'
bka miafia we;s fjÉp ;;a;ajh fudllao lsõfjd;a@'
bka miafia ug w;sW;=ï ksla,ia udlia
w.ro.=re ysñmdKka tkak lsh,d ux .ek
;sfhk fyd| ;;a;ajh .ek lsõjd' f,dl=
fiufkaßhg hkak leu;so lsh,d uf.ka
weyeõjd' uu o¾Ykjdoh lr,d ;sfhk nj;a
ixjdoh
relaud,a is,ajd
ish,a, ug odkh lf<a zzta''' iñ|dKka jykaafiahZZ
w;s W;=ï wekagka rxð;a ysñmdKka fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha iyhl ro.=re ;=ful=
f,i Y=oaOdikh úiska m;alrkq ,eîu;a iu.u" w.ro.=re moú b;sydifha m<uq jrg" iyhl ro.=re ;=uka,d f;kulf.a fiajdj ,nkakg jdikdj Wodlr§u yd ie,eiaùu .ek foúmshdKka jykafiag wmf.a ia;=;sh yd m%Yxidj mqolr isáuq' wm idudkH óiï jeishka ro.=re;=uka,d .ek orK fmdÿ u;h kï m,a,shl ux.,Hh fyda cqì,s W;aij ioyd fyda wNsjDoaê wdf,amkh odkh lsÍu ioyd óiug meñK" ro.=re ul=gh m,|d" ro.=re hIaáh w;ord" b;d .dïNSr f,i foaj fufyfha uq,iqk f.k ls%hdldrk iNd kdhlfhl= f,ih' kuq;a ro.=re ks,h ke;fyd;a ro.=re fiajdj fuhg jvd b;d .eUqre wOHd;auhlska hq;a" j.lSï iïNdrhla w;ord" b;d ixhufhka bgql< hq;= tfåßl fiajdjla nj wm fyd¢ka wjfndaO lr.; hq;=h' fï ro.=re wNsfIalh meje;afjk fï wjia:dfõ § ro.=re;=uka,df.a ¥; tfåßl fiajdj ms<sno Y=oaOdikh úiska ksl=;a lr we;s u.fmkaùï fmkajd fok f,aLKh miqìï lrf.k ro.=re ;=uka,df.a fiajdfõ we;s ndr¥rlu f;areï .kakg W;aidy lruq'zuu hym;a tfård fjñ' uu udf.a neg¿jka
y÷kñ' Tõyqo ud y÷k;sZ
ro.=re;=ful=f.a wkkH;djh yd ¥; fiajdj
uq¿ukskau mssysgqúh hq;af;a ls%ia;=ia jykafiaf.a
tfåßl fiajdj u;h' ta wkqj foaj ck;djf.a
tfård yd wdrlaIlhd f,i le|ùula ,nk
ro.=re;=ud" .=rejrfhl=" mQcl jrfhl=
yd fiajlfhl= jYfhka ck;djg fiajh
lrñka" tu ck;dj foúhka jykafia fj;
fhduqlrñka" Tjqkaf.a wd;au .e<ùu ioyd
;ukaf.a ¥;fiajdj muKla fkdj ;ukaf.a
uq¿ Ôú;hu leml, hq;af;ah' fuys§ t;=ud
foúhka jykafiaf.a wdor lreKdj" ohdj
yd uDÿlu" ls%ia;=ia jykafia fmkajd foñka
Ôj;al, kdhl;ajh Y=Od;auhdKka jykafiaf.a
n,iïmkak u.fmkaùu yd Yla;sh u;
ls%hd;aul l< hq;=h' nhsn,Sh yd idïm%odhsl
b.ekaùï mdol lrf.k fuu f,aLKh
ro.=re;=ful=f.a m%;srEmh l=ula úh hq;=oehs
fmkajd foñka lshd isákafka ro.=re;=ud"
tfåfrl=" ëjrfhl=" msfhl=" fidfydhqfrl="
ñ;=frl=" ikikafkl=" fiajlfhl=" .=rejrf-
hl=" kdhlfhl= fukau úYajdifha" wjfndaO
lr.ekSfï" n,dfmdfrd;a;=fõ" lemùfï"
lreKdfõ yd iqyo;djfha mqoa.,fhl=
úh hq;= njhs' tneúka iNd b.ekaùu
wkqj ro.=re;=uka,df.a ¥;
fiajdfõ jeo.;a yd uQ,sl wx.h
jkafka mßmd,kh fkdj
ck;dj wOHd;añl
fmdaIKhla yd
u.fmkaùula lrd
fhduqlrùuhs' ta ioyd
t;=ud Y=oaOjq mdjq¨ ;=ud
fmkajd fokakdla
fuka ls%ia;=ia
jykafiaf.a ukig
^1 fldrska;s 2 ( 16&
we;=,aù Wkajykafia
ck;dj fj; oelajq
wdl,am ;ukaf.au
Ôjk rgdj lr.;
hq;=fjhs'
ud Yla;su;a
l<djqo"
Wkajykafiaf.a
fiajh ioyd m;a
lsÍug ;rï ud
weoys,sjka;hhs
ie,l=jdjq o" wmf.a
iajdñka jk ls%ia;=ia
jykafiag uu
lemj ia;=;s lrñ'
iod;k Ôjkh
,nd .ekSu ms◊‚i Wkajykafia flfrys woyk
ish,a,kagu ud wdo¾Yhla fjkakg Wkajykafia
ie,eiajq fial ^1 ;sfud;s( 12-14&'
wNsfIalh;a iu.u ro.=re;=ud u;
úfYaIdldrfhka Y=oaOd;audkqNdjh .,dtñka"
tu ks,hg wdfõksl whqßka ls%ia;=ia jykafia
keue;s hym;a tfårdKka fuka ;u ¥;
fiajdj bgqlsÍu ioyd wjeis u.fmkaùu
,efnhs' tuksid ks;e;skau ro.=re;=ful= ;u
wOHd;añl;ajh f.dvk.d .; hq;af;a hym;a
tfårdKka jk ls%ia;=ia jykafia wkq.dñ
ùfuks'
ohdfõ tfåßl fiajdjro.=re;=ful=f.a ¥; fufyh b;d ixlS¾K
fukau ÿIalrh' ukao ls%ia;=ia jykafia
f,dalhg .e<ùu ,nd§u ioyd fuf,djg
meñK Ôú; mß;Hd.fhka bgql< ta fiajdj
flfiaj;a myiq fyda iemj;a tlla fkdjqfha
Wkajykafia ish,a, ysia lrf.k odihl=f.a
iajNdjhla f.k ish,a,kaf.a fiajlhd jq
ksidh' tfiau ro.=re;=ud o ;ukaf.a fiajdj
l< hq;af;a ls%ia;=ia jykafiaf.au ls%hdldrlï
j,g wkq.; fjñka ohdfõ tfåßl fiajdjla
f,ih' ro.=re;=ful=g ;ukaf.a ohdfõ
tfåßl fiajdj bgqlsÍu uq,slj ls%hd;aul
l< yelafla ;uka" ;u iyhl ro.=re;=uka,d"
úY%dñl ro.=re;=uka,d" moúfha mQcl ix>h"
foaj ck;dj yd úfYaIfhka È<skaoka yd
wirKhska fj; olajk ohd fm%auh ;=<sks'
úYajdih yd úYajdikSh;ajh(
tod fudafiia BY%dfh,a ck;dj fmdfrdkaÿ
foaYh lrd fufyhjq ÿIalr .ufka§ foúhka
jykafia fj; ;enq fkdief,k úYajdih fuka
ro.=re;=ud o woDIHudk foúhka oelSfï
úYajdihla f.dvk.d .; hq;=h' tuksid
t;=udf.a ¥; fiajdj ;=< isÿ flfrk" ord
isák iEu wjia:d isoaëkaf.a id¾:l fyda
wid¾:l;ajh ;SrKh l< hq;af;a foúhka
jykafia flfrys ;nk fldkafoais úrys;
wp, úYajdih ;=<sks' tuksid yeuúgu ld,fha
i,l=Kq .ek ixfõÈj isg" ;u Pk;djg
wjeis ksjerÈ foa l=ulao hkak Y=oaOd;au
u.fmkaùfuka ck;djf.a .e<ùu ioyd
;SrKh lsÍu t;=ud foúhka jykafia flfrys
;nd we;s úYajdih Ôjudk lsÍuls'
fmdfrdkaÿ bgqlrk foúhka jykafia flfrys
n,dfmdfrd;a;=j
mqrdK .súiqfï foúhka jykafia BY%dfh,a
ck;dj iu. we;slr.;a iSkhs .súiqfï uQ,sl
wx.hla jqfha" ck;dj .súiqfï fldkafoais
j,g mlaImd;S fkdjqj;a" foúhka jykafia
;ud we;slr.;a .súiqu wfydais fkdfldg"
.súiqï fldkafoais j,g mlaImd;S ùuh' tfiau
ro.=rejrh i|yd le|ùu ,ndfok foúhka
jykafia" lsisodl tu le|ùu bgqlsÍfï§ uqyqK
§ug we;sjk ÿla .eg¨ fyda ndOl bÈßfha
;uka le|jkq ,enq ;ekekajykafia ;uka iu.
isák nfõ n,dfmdfrd;a;=j yeuúgu t;=ud
;u ¥; fiajdjkays§ f;areï f.k lghq;= l<
hq;=h' tuksid foaj ixrlaIKh ;u fiajdfõ
tlu Yla;sh yd u.fmkaùu njg m;alrf.k"
zud n,j;a lrkd iñodKka ;=< ug ish,a, l<
yelshZ ^ms,smams 4(3& hs mejiq Y=oaOjq mdjq¨;=ud
fuka" ro.=re fiajdfõ w;HjYHh wx.hla
fõ' fï n,dfmdfrd;a;=j ;u fiajdjkays§
uqyqK fok lror" ndOl fkd;ld bÈßhg
hkakg;a" úúO wfmdaia;,sl fiajdjka f.dv
k.d.kakg;a" wjeis wjia:djkaysÈ fkdìhj
;SrK .ekSug;a wjeis Yla;sh yd u. fmkaùu
t;=udg ,ndfohs'
tfåßl ia:dfkdaÑ; m%djia:dfkdaÑ; m%dj iEu ñksfil=u i;=úh
hq;= .=Kdx.hls' kuq;a tfåßl ia:dfkdaÑ;
m%dj úfYaIfhka ro.=re;=ful=f.a ¥; fiajdj
i|yd wjeisu .=Kx.hla muKla fkdj th
t;=udf.a Ôjk rgdfõ tla wx.hla úh hq;=h'
th m%dfhda.sl m%dj ke;fyd;a hym;a yd
idOdrK mßmd,kh f,i o ye¢kaúh yelsh'
tkï úúO wjia:djka yqfola udkùh
u;su;dka;r u; muKla fkdmsysgqjd"
Pk;djf.a .e<ùu ioyd;a" iNdfõ hym;
i|yd;a Y=oaOd;au u.fmkaùï Tiafia
ls%hdlsÍuh' tys§ ro.=re;=ud ieugu
idOdrK;ajh;a" iNd iïm%odhka iq/lSu;a"
ks¾udKYS,sj wfmdaia;,sl fiajdjka f.dv
ke.Su;a" úYajdihg yd YS,O¾uhkag tfrys
lghqq;= j,§ fkdìhj ke.Sisàu;a jeks lreKQ
b;d jeo.;afõ' fuu ldrKd ro.=re;=ful=f.a
idudch bÈßfha m%;srEmh ksjerÈj
f.dvke.Sug fnfyúka Wmldrfõ' l=uk
wdldrhlskaj;a lsisÿ foaYmd,kslj mlaI.%dys
fkdù" ;uka iyNd.s fjk iudÔh W;aijhka
yd wjia:djka .ek l,amkdldÍj f;dard.
ksñka" ck;d wjYH;d" úfYaIfhka foaj
Pk;djf.a .e<ùu Wfoid fmkS isákafkla nj
iudPh bÈßfha ;yjqre lsÍuo ro.=re;=ful=f.a
j.lSuh'
Ñ;a; ffO¾h yd neyem;aluÑ;a; ffO¾h WmÈkafka ia:dfkdaÑ;
m%dfjka hehs idka; n¾kdâ uqks;=ud
mjid isáhs' zwm weiq ÿgq foa .ek wm l:d
fkdlr isáh fkdyelshZ ^ls%hd 4(20& mejiq
wfmdaia;=¿jrekaf.a ffO¾h yeu úgu ;u ¥;
fiajdjg wod< lreKq j,È ro.=re ;=ud
fkdìhj m%ldY l< hq;=h' iNd úfrdaê úYaj-
dihg fyda iodpdrhg mgyeKs yeu ls%hdjl§u
tod ls%ia;=ia jykafia fuka fkdìhj'
lsisfjl=f.a ;rd;srï fkdn,d Yla;sh yd
hqla;sh fjkqfjka l:dlsÍug ro.=re;=ud úfYaI
j.lSulska ne£ isáhs' kuq;a Èßh yeu úgu
neyem;alñka yd uDÿlñka iukaúh hq;=h
^uf;õ 11(29&' md,kh lsÍfï n,h yd ohdj o"
idOdrK;ajh yd iudj §uo" yeuúgu ro.=re
fiajdj ;=< ukdj ixl,kh fkdjqfkd;a" th
lsisfia;a ls%ia;shdks m%;sm;a;s u; f.dv ke.=K
fiajdjla fia ie,lsh fkdyel'
Tng Ndr fok ,o foúhka jykafiaf.a
neg¿ /< fmdaIKh lrkak" n,lsÍula ksid
fkdj foaj leue;a; wkqj i;=gq is;ska tfia
lrkak" uqo,g we;s .scqlu ksid fkdj foaj
fiajhg ,eÈhdfjka tfia lrkak' Tng ndrj
isák wh flfrys wdêm;Hh mEfuka je<lS
/<g wdo¾Yhla jkak ^1 fmaÿre 5(2-4&'
fï wkqj ro.=re;=ful= i;= úúO lafIa;%hkag
n,mdk j.lSï iuqodhla .ek wmg úia;r l<
yel' tu.ska wmg fmkShkafka ro.=re;=ful=f.a
ld¾hNdrh jkafka W;aij j,g iyNd.sùu fyda
.dïNSr foajfufyhka meje;aùu muKla fkdj"
foaj ck;djf.ka fldgila jk ro.=re moúhla
;=<" Èjeisjrfhl=" tfåfrl= yd fiajlfhl=
f,i tu ck;dj foúhka jykafia fj;
fhduq lsÍug foúhka jykafiaf.kau ,efnk
úfYaI foaj le|ùuls' iyhl ro.=re;=ful=f.a
ld¾hNdrh jkafkao tlS hq;=lï yd j.lSï
orñka moúfha ro.=re;=udg iyhùuhs' iyhl
ro.=re;=uka,d m;a lrkafka m%udKfhka úYd,
fyda úYd, ck.yKhla we;s ro.=re moú j,
tfåßl fiajh jvd úêu;aj yd ld¾hlaIu bgq
lsÍu i|yd moúfha ro.=re;=udf.a m%Odk yd
ióm;u iylhska f,i lghq;= lsÍu ioydh'
tuksid iyhl ro.=re;=uka,dj ;ukaf.a
ifydaorhska f,i ms<sf.k tfåßl ls%hdldrlï
j,§" ;SrK .ekSfï§" iy moúfha fjk;a
wksl=;a ls%hdldrlï j,§ wfkHdakHj woyia
yd fhdackd fnod .ksñka" tluq;=lñka
yd tlÕ;djfhka lghq;= lsÍu moúfha
ro.=re;=udf.a j.lSuhs' tfiau iyhl
ro.=re;=uka,do ;ukaf.a ks,h .ek fyd|
wjfndaOfhka hq;=j moúfha ro.=re;=udf.a
n,;, ms<sf.k t;=udg lSlreùu yd .re lsÍu
b;d jeo.;ah' fuf,i kj iyhl ro.=re;=udg
;ukaf.a ta j.lSï ksis whqßka bgqlsÍug wjeis
foaj jrm%ido b,a,d wm ieu hdÉ[d lruq'
12ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wnsfiia
jsfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
w;s.re m%ekaisia ksla,ia fiakdkdhl msh;=ud
ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a tfå˙l ¥; fiajdj
w;s W;=ï wekagka rxð;a ysñmdKka fld<U w.ro.=re moúfha iyhl ro.=re ;=ful=
f,i Y=oaOdikh úiska m;alrkq ,eîu;a iu.u" w.ro.=re moú b;sydifha m<uq jrg" iyhl ro.=re ;=uka,d f;kulf.a fiajdj ,nkakg jdikdj Wodlr§u yd ie,eiaùu .ek foúmshdKka jykafiag wmf.a ia;=;sh yd m%Yxidj mqolr isáuq' wm idudkH óiï jeishka ro.=re;=uka,d .ek orK fmdÿ u;h kï m,a,shl ux.,Hh fyda cqì,s W;aij ioyd fyda wNsjDoaê wdf,amkh odkh lsÍu ioyd óiug meñK" ro.=re ul=gh m,|d" ro.=re hIaáh w;ord" b;d .dïNSr f,i foaj fufyfha uq,iqk f.k ls%hdldrk iNd kdhlfhl= f,ih' kuq;a ro.=re ks,h ke;fyd;a ro.=re fiajdj fuhg jvd b;d .eUqre wOHd;auhlska hq;a" j.lSï iïNdrhla w;ord" b;d ixhufhka bgql< hq;= tfåßl fiajdjla nj wm fyd¢ka wjfndaO lr.; hq;=h' fï ro.=re wNsfIalh meje;afjk fï wjia:dfõ § ro.=re;=uka,df.a ¥; tfåßl fiajdj ms<sno Y=oaOdikh úiska ksl=;a lr we;s u.fmkaùï fmkajd fok f,aLKh miqìï lrf.k ro.=re ;=uka,df.a fiajdfõ we;s ndr¥rlu f;areï .kakg W;aidy lruq'zuu hym;a tfård fjñ' uu udf.a neg¿jka
y÷kñ' Tõyqo ud y÷k;sZ
ro.=re;=ful=f.a wkkH;djh yd ¥; fiajdj
uq¿ukskau mssysgqúh hq;af;a ls%ia;=ia jykafiaf.a
tfåßl fiajdj u;h' ta wkqj foaj ck;djf.a
tfård yd wdrlaIlhd f,i le|ùula ,nk
ro.=re;=ud" .=rejrfhl=" mQcl jrfhl=
yd fiajlfhl= jYfhka ck;djg fiajh
lrñka" tu ck;dj foúhka jykafia fj;
fhduqlrñka" Tjqkaf.a wd;au .e<ùu ioyd
;ukaf.a ¥;fiajdj muKla fkdj ;ukaf.a
uq¿ Ôú;hu leml, hq;af;ah' fuys§ t;=ud
foúhka jykafiaf.a wdor lreKdj" ohdj
yd uDÿlu" ls%ia;=ia jykafia fmkajd foñka
Ôj;al, kdhl;ajh Y=Od;auhdKka jykafiaf.a
n,iïmkak u.fmkaùu yd Yla;sh u;
ls%hd;aul l< hq;=h' nhsn,Sh yd idïm%odhsl
b.ekaùï mdol lrf.k fuu f,aLKh
ro.=re;=ful=f.a m%;srEmh l=ula úh hq;=oehs
fmkajd foñka lshd isákafka ro.=re;=ud"
tfåfrl=" ëjrfhl=" msfhl=" fidfydhqfrl="
ñ;=frl=" ikikafkl=" fiajlfhl=" .=rejrf-
hl=" kdhlfhl= fukau úYajdifha" wjfndaO
lr.ekSfï" n,dfmdfrd;a;=fõ" lemùfï"
lreKdfõ yd iqyo;djfha mqoa.,fhl=
úh hq;= njhs' tneúka iNd b.ekaùu
wkqj ro.=re;=uka,df.a ¥;
fiajdfõ jeo.;a yd uQ,sl wx.h
jkafka mßmd,kh fkdj
ck;dj wOHd;añl
fmdaIKhla yd
u.fmkaùula lrd
fhduqlrùuhs' ta ioyd
t;=ud Y=oaOjq mdjq¨ ;=ud
fmkajd fokakdla
fuka ls%ia;=ia
jykafiaf.a ukig
^1 fldrska;s 2 ( 16&
we;=,aù Wkajykafia
ck;dj fj; oelajq
wdl,am ;ukaf.au
Ôjk rgdj lr.;
hq;=fjhs'
ud Yla;su;a
l<djqo"
Wkajykafiaf.a
fiajh ioyd m;a
lsÍug ;rï ud
weoys,sjka;hhs
ie,l=jdjq o" wmf.a
iajdñka jk ls%ia;=ia
jykafiag uu
lemj ia;=;s lrñ'
iod;k Ôjkh
,nd .ekSu ms◊‚i Wkajykafia flfrys woyk
ish,a,kagu ud wdo¾Yhla fjkakg Wkajykafia
ie,eiajq fial ^1 ;sfud;s( 12-14&'
wNsfIalh;a iu.u ro.=re;=ud u;
úfYaIdldrfhka Y=oaOd;audkqNdjh .,dtñka"
tu ks,hg wdfõksl whqßka ls%ia;=ia jykafia
keue;s hym;a tfårdKka fuka ;u ¥;
fiajdj bgqlsÍu ioyd wjeis u.fmkaùu
,efnhs' tuksid ks;e;skau ro.=re;=ful= ;u
wOHd;añl;ajh f.dvk.d .; hq;af;a hym;a
tfårdKka jk ls%ia;=ia jykafia wkq.dñ
ùfuks'
ohdfõ tfåßl fiajdjro.=re;=ful=f.a ¥; fufyh b;d ixlS¾K
fukau ÿIalrh' ukao ls%ia;=ia jykafia
f,dalhg .e<ùu ,nd§u ioyd fuf,djg
meñK Ôú; mß;Hd.fhka bgql< ta fiajdj
flfiaj;a myiq fyda iemj;a tlla fkdjqfha
Wkajykafia ish,a, ysia lrf.k odihl=f.a
iajNdjhla f.k ish,a,kaf.a fiajlhd jq
ksidh' tfiau ro.=re;=ud o ;ukaf.a fiajdj
l< hq;af;a ls%ia;=ia jykafiaf.au ls%hdldrlï
j,g wkq.; fjñka ohdfõ tfåßl fiajdjla
f,ih' ro.=re;=ful=g ;ukaf.a ohdfõ
tfåßl fiajdj bgqlsÍu uq,slj ls%hd;aul
l< yelafla ;uka" ;u iyhl ro.=re;=uka,d"
úY%dñl ro.=re;=uka,d" moúfha mQcl ix>h"
foaj ck;dj yd úfYaIfhka È<skaoka yd
wirKhska fj; olajk ohd fm%auh ;=<sks'
úYajdih yd úYajdikSh;ajh(
tod fudafiia BY%dfh,a ck;dj fmdfrdkaÿ
foaYh lrd fufyhjq ÿIalr .ufka§ foúhka
jykafia fj; ;enq fkdief,k úYajdih fuka
ro.=re;=ud o woDIHudk foúhka oelSfï
úYajdihla f.dvk.d .; hq;=h' tuksid
t;=udf.a ¥; fiajdj ;=< isÿ flfrk" ord
isák iEu wjia:d isoaëkaf.a id¾:l fyda
wid¾:l;ajh ;SrKh l< hq;af;a foúhka
jykafia flfrys ;nk fldkafoais úrys;
wp, úYajdih ;=<sks' tuksid yeuúgu ld,fha
i,l=Kq .ek ixfõÈj isg" ;u Pk;djg
wjeis ksjerÈ foa l=ulao hkak Y=oaOd;au
u.fmkaùfuka ck;djf.a .e<ùu ioyd
;SrKh lsÍu t;=ud foúhka jykafia flfrys
;nd we;s úYajdih Ôjudk lsÍuls'
fmdfrdkaÿ bgqlrk foúhka jykafia flfrys
n,dfmdfrd;a;=j
mqrdK .súiqfï foúhka jykafia BY%dfh,a
ck;dj iu. we;slr.;a iSkhs .súiqfï uQ,sl
wx.hla jqfha" ck;dj .súiqfï fldkafoais
j,g mlaImd;S fkdjqj;a" foúhka jykafia
;ud we;slr.;a .súiqu wfydais fkdfldg"
.súiqï fldkafoais j,g mlaImd;S ùuh' tfiau
ro.=rejrh i|yd le|ùu ,ndfok foúhka
jykafia" lsisodl tu le|ùu bgqlsÍfï§ uqyqK
§ug we;sjk ÿla .eg¨ fyda ndOl bÈßfha
;uka le|jkq ,enq ;ekekajykafia ;uka iu.
isák nfõ n,dfmdfrd;a;=j yeuúgu t;=ud
;u ¥; fiajdjkays§ f;areï f.k lghq;= l<
hq;=h' tuksid foaj ixrlaIKh ;u fiajdfõ
tlu Yla;sh yd u.fmkaùu njg m;alrf.k"
zud n,j;a lrkd iñodKka ;=< ug ish,a, l<
yelshZ ^ms,smams 4(3& hs mejiq Y=oaOjq mdjq¨;=ud
fuka" ro.=re fiajdfõ w;HjYHh wx.hla
fõ' fï n,dfmdfrd;a;=j ;u fiajdjkays§
uqyqK fok lror" ndOl fkd;ld bÈßhg
hkakg;a" úúO wfmdaia;,sl fiajdjka f.dv
k.d.kakg;a" wjeis wjia:djkaysÈ fkdìhj
;SrK .ekSug;a wjeis Yla;sh yd u. fmkaùu
t;=udg ,ndfohs'
tfåßl ia:dfkdaÑ; m%djia:dfkdaÑ; m%dj iEu ñksfil=u i;=úh
hq;= .=Kdx.hls' kuq;a tfåßl ia:dfkdaÑ;
m%dj úfYaIfhka ro.=re;=ful=f.a ¥; fiajdj
i|yd wjeisu .=Kx.hla muKla fkdj th
t;=udf.a Ôjk rgdfõ tla wx.hla úh hq;=h'
th m%dfhda.sl m%dj ke;fyd;a hym;a yd
idOdrK mßmd,kh f,i o ye¢kaúh yelsh'
tkï úúO wjia:djka yqfola udkùh
u;su;dka;r u; muKla fkdmsysgqjd"
Pk;djf.a .e<ùu ioyd;a" iNdfõ hym;
i|yd;a Y=oaOd;au u.fmkaùï Tiafia
ls%hdlsÍuh' tys§ ro.=re;=ud ieugu
idOdrK;ajh;a" iNd iïm%odhka iq/lSu;a"
ks¾udKYS,sj wfmdaia;,sl fiajdjka f.dv
ke.Su;a" úYajdihg yd YS,O¾uhkag tfrys
lghqq;= j,§ fkdìhj ke.Sisàu;a jeks lreKQ
b;d jeo.;afõ' fuu ldrKd ro.=re;=ful=f.a
idudch bÈßfha m%;srEmh ksjerÈj
f.dvke.Sug fnfyúka Wmldrfõ' l=uk
wdldrhlskaj;a lsisÿ foaYmd,kslj mlaI.%dys
fkdù" ;uka iyNd.s fjk iudÔh W;aijhka
yd wjia:djka .ek l,amkdldÍj f;dard.
ksñka" ck;d wjYH;d" úfYaIfhka foaj
Pk;djf.a .e<ùu Wfoid fmkS isákafkla nj
iudPh bÈßfha ;yjqre lsÍuo ro.=re;=ful=f.a
j.lSuh'
Ñ;a; ffO¾h yd neyem;aluÑ;a; ffO¾h WmÈkafka ia:dfkdaÑ;
m%dfjka hehs idka; n¾kdâ uqks;=ud
mjid isáhs' zwm weiq ÿgq foa .ek wm l:d
fkdlr isáh fkdyelshZ ^ls%hd 4(20& mejiq
wfmdaia;=¿jrekaf.a ffO¾h yeu úgu ;u ¥;
fiajdjg wod< lreKq j,È ro.=re ;=ud
fkdìhj m%ldY l< hq;=h' iNd úfrdaê úYaj-
dihg fyda iodpdrhg mgyeKs yeu ls%hdjl§u
tod ls%ia;=ia jykafia fuka fkdìhj'
lsisfjl=f.a ;rd;srï fkdn,d Yla;sh yd
hqla;sh fjkqfjka l:dlsÍug ro.=re;=ud úfYaI
j.lSulska ne£ isáhs' kuq;a Èßh yeu úgu
neyem;alñka yd uDÿlñka iukaúh hq;=h
^uf;õ 11(29&' md,kh lsÍfï n,h yd ohdj o"
idOdrK;ajh yd iudj §uo" yeuúgu ro.=re
fiajdj ;=< ukdj ixl,kh fkdjqfkd;a" th
lsisfia;a ls%ia;shdks m%;sm;a;s u; f.dv ke.=K
fiajdjla fia ie,lsh fkdyel'
Tng Ndr fok ,o foúhka jykafiaf.a
neg¿ /< fmdaIKh lrkak" n,lsÍula ksid
fkdj foaj leue;a; wkqj i;=gq is;ska tfia
lrkak" uqo,g we;s .scqlu ksid fkdj foaj
fiajhg ,eÈhdfjka tfia lrkak' Tng ndrj
isák wh flfrys wdêm;Hh mEfuka je<lS
/<g wdo¾Yhla jkak ^1 fmaÿre 5(2-4&'
fï wkqj ro.=re;=ful= i;= úúO lafIa;%hkag
n,mdk j.lSï iuqodhla .ek wmg úia;r l<
yel' tu.ska wmg fmkShkafka ro.=re;=ful=f.a
ld¾hNdrh jkafka W;aij j,g iyNd.sùu fyda
.dïNSr foajfufyhka meje;aùu muKla fkdj"
foaj ck;djf.ka fldgila jk ro.=re moúhla
;=<" Èjeisjrfhl=" tfåfrl= yd fiajlfhl=
f,i tu ck;dj foúhka jykafia fj;
fhduq lsÍug foúhka jykafiaf.kau ,efnk
úfYaI foaj le|ùuls' iyhl ro.=re;=ful=f.a
ld¾hNdrh jkafkao tlS hq;=lï yd j.lSï
orñka moúfha ro.=re;=udg iyhùuhs' iyhl
ro.=re;=uka,d m;a lrkafka m%udKfhka úYd,
fyda úYd, ck.yKhla we;s ro.=re moú j,
tfåßl fiajh jvd úêu;aj yd ld¾hlaIu bgq
lsÍu i|yd moúfha ro.=re;=udf.a m%Odk yd
ióm;u iylhska f,i lghq;= lsÍu ioydh'
tuksid iyhl ro.=re;=uka,dj ;ukaf.a
ifydaorhska f,i ms<sf.k tfåßl ls%hdldrlï
j,§" ;SrK .ekSfï§" iy moúfha fjk;a
wksl=;a ls%hdldrlï j,§ wfkHdakHj woyia
yd fhdackd fnod .ksñka" tluq;=lñka
yd tlÕ;djfhka lghq;= lsÍu moúfha
ro.=re;=udf.a j.lSuhs' tfiau iyhl
ro.=re;=uka,do ;ukaf.a ks,h .ek fyd|
wjfndaOfhka hq;=j moúfha ro.=re;=udf.a
n,;, ms<sf.k t;=udg lSlreùu yd .re lsÍu
b;d jeo.;ah' fuf,i kj iyhl ro.=re;=udg
;ukaf.a ta j.lSï ksis whqßka bgqlsÍug wjeis
foaj jrm%ido b,a,d wm ieu hdÉ[d lruq'
12ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
fld<U kj iyhl ro.=re wnsfiia
jsfYaI l,dmh
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm
zta iñ|dfKdauhZ
w;s.re m%ekaisia ksla,ia fiakdkdhl msh;=ud
ro.=re ysñmdKkaf.a tfå˙l ¥; fiajdj
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙∞
13dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
foaj jkaokdj
wf.da' 23 b˙∞ idudkH iufha úis tlajk bre†k^fld<& fhidhd 22(15"19-23
.S;d' 138(1-2"3"6-8
frdau 11(33-36 uf;õ 16(13-20
wf.da' 24 i∫∞ id' nr®f;d,fujqia wfmdaia;=Ω;=fuda^r;=& t<sorõj 21(9-14
.S;dj,sh 145(10-13"17-18
fcdydka 1(45-51
wf.da' 25 w`.' m%xYfha Y=' Æúia iy Y=' fcdaYma l,aidkais uqks;=fuda^fld<$iq≥& 2f;if,daksl2(1-3"14-17
.S;d' 96(10"11-12"13 uf;õ 23(23-26
wf.da' 26 n∞∞ 2 f;if,daksl 3(6-10"16-18
^fld<& .S;dj,sh 128(1-2"4-5
uf;õ 23(27-32
wf.da' 27 n%yia' id' fudksld uqksj˙h^iq≥& 1fld˙ka;s1(1-9.S;dj,sh145(2-7
uf;õ 24(42-51
wf.da' 28 isl=' Y=' wf.dia;Skq uqks;=ud^iq≥& 1fld˙ka;s1(17-26
.S;dj' 33(1-2"4-5"10-11 uf;õ 25(1-13
wf.da' 29 fik' id' iakdjl fcdydka uqks;=ud m%dKm˙;Hd.s ùu ^r;=& fcrñhd 1(17-19
.S;dj,sh 71(1-6"15"17
udla 6(17-29
wf.da' 30 b˙∞ idudkH iufha úis fojk bre†k^fld<& fcrñhd 20(7-9
.S;dj,sh 63(1-5"7-8
frdau 12(1-2 uf;õ 16(21-27
.re trx. ,laYs%; o is,ajd msh;=ud
i,l=K .re rx. fYydka wkaød† msh;=uka úisks
zoelald fkao @ wmsg lrmq foaj,g thd,g jkaÈ
f.jkak jqK yeá' fuÉpr l,a fi,a,ï
ood ysáhfka''''' wka;sug we|g jeáÉp yeá" wysxil
ñksiaiqkaf.ka lvd jvdf.k b|,d wka;sug ke;s fj,du
.shd oelald fkao @Z
zl< l< foa M, M, foaZ lsh,d lshukla ;sfhkafka
lrk yeu je/oaolgu" widOdrKlï j,g
f,dalhdf.kau tajd j,g m%;sW;a;r ,efnk ksid'
.y fld< ìug jÜg,d odk fldg br wõj T¨jg
ierg jeÈ,d jeys ìxÿ fmd<jg ke;s fjkjd jf.a wms
flfklag ke;s lr,d ug ,nd .kakfldg" iglmglï
lr,d jdis .kak fldg tajdfha ßg¾ka tl;a iergu
jÈkjd'
zuu biair lrmq jerÈ j,g foúhka jykafia ug
ÿkakq o`vqju ;uhs fï f,fâ' uu foúhkag;a lsõfõ
wmsg mo yomq Wkaf.a lgj,a jeys,d hkaku fohla
lrkak lsh,d''''' oelalo uu lshmq foa Wkajykafia
weyqjd'Z
foúhka jykafia;a ßg¾ka fokjo @
ztneúka ufyda;a;u foú iajdñka jykafia fufia
jodrK fial' tïnd ;S¾ zuu kqUg úsreoaOj isáñ' uqyqfoa
/< ke.S tkakdla fuka fndfyda cd;Ska kqUg úreoaOj
muqKqjkafkñ' Tjqyq ;S¾ys mjqre úkdY fldg" tys fld;a
ì| oukafkdah'Z ^tilsfh,a 26$34&
fidfodï iy f.dfudard" fkdajdf.a ojia j, c,
.e,au" fcrei,u úkdYh jf.a foaj,a wms lshjoa§ wmsg
oefkkafka foúhka jykafia o~qjï lrkjd lsh,d'
je/oaola lrk orejg wïud - ;d;a;d" mka;sfha àp¾
.ykafka nkskafka ta orejj yokak jf.au wks;a whg;a
wÕjkak fïl je/oaola lsh,d'
foúhka jykafia o`vqjï lrkafka kE' i<l=Kq
lrkjd'
zukqIH mq;%h" fukak kqU b;d fma%u lrk ;eke;a;sh'
yÈisfhau kqfUka bj;a lr .ksñ'Z ^tilsfh,a 24$16&
tilsfh,a Èjeisjrhdg foúhka jykafia lshk jpk"
foúhka jykafiaf.a jpkh ñksiaiqkag §mq" ta fjkqfjka
l;d lrmq" ta fjkqfjka nekqï wymq foúhka jykafiag
wdorh lrf.k bkak tilsfh,af.a ìß|j foúhka
jkafia ñh hkakg i,iajkjd' fudk;rï widOdrKo @
wdorh lrk <Õu ják flkdjhs foúhka jykafia
wr.kafka'
zwehs foúhka jykafia wfma orejj .;af;a" uf.a
uy;a;hdj .;af;a" uf.a fkdakj .;af;a'Z
wms wykj wmsg;a fufyu jqKdu'
zm,a,sfhu ysgmq orefjlafka' ldgj;a jerÈ lr,d
ke;s ukqiaifhlafka" yefudagu Woõ lrf.k ysgmq
flfklafka'Z
jákdlu" f,ka.;=lu we;=f<a fufyu fjk tl
widOdrKhsfka lsh,d wmsg;a oefkkjd'
ztfy;a" kqU ú,dm fkdlshd hq;=h' fkdye`äh hq;=h'
kqfò l÷¿ fkdje.sßh hq;=h'Z
ìß|j .kakj uÈjg tilsfh,a Èjeisjrhdg w`vkak
tmd¨' foúhka jykafia w`vkak ;sfhk whs;sh;a ke;s
lrkjd' ;ukaf.u ìß| ke;s fjk fldg l÷¿ y,kafka
ke;sj bkak mq¿jka iajdñ mqreIfhla bkakjo@
zksy`vj iqiqï,kak' u<jqka .ek fkdje,fmkak'
kqU kqfò cgdj ysfia ne| .kak' kqfò mdjyka mdoj,
oud.kak' uqyqK jid fkd.kak' u<f.or odkh fkdld
isákak'Z^tilsfh,a 24$17&
ìß|j wrf.k w`vkak;a tmd lsh,d ;j;a lshkjd'
uql=;a jqfka kE jf.a bkak lsh,d' wdorh lrmq flkdj
ÿkakq uÈjg oeka ta wdorfha fõokdj msg lr tal;a
foúhka jykafiag fokak fj,d'
zjdyfka ke;s jqkdg lula kE''''' oeka riaidj;a ke;s
lrkak yokafka" rg hkak neß jqKdg lula kE''' oeka
§mq i,a,s;a ke;s fjkakhs hkafka' .eyqjg nekakg lula
kE''' ;ek ;ek fndre l;d hj,d mdf¾ neye,d hkak;a
neß lr,d'Z
tlla fjkfldg" .kakfldg bjif.k bkak mq¿jka
jqkdg fol ;=k fjk fldg ukqiaifhla úÈhg ldf.k
ordf.k bkak mq¿jkao@
ta;a" tilsfh,a Èjeisjrhg isoaO fõf.k hk fï
yeu fohlau foúhka jykafia oekqj;aj fya;=jla ksihs
fjkafka' ta;a" n,df.k bkak whg tal f;afrkafka kE'
zfikÕ o l;d lrñka" kqU lrk fï foa wmg f;areï
.kak mq¿jka yeáhg kqU wmg fkdlshkafkysoehs
udf.ka weiqy'Z^tilsfh,a 29$19&
ìß| ke;sfjkjd" w`vkafka kE' fYdalh fmkajk lsis
fohla lrkafka kE' olsk ñksiaiqkag fïl m%fya<ssldjla'
zfldÉpr fyd| ukqiaifhlao'''' tlmsg tl lrorfka'
wfka ukaod" fldÉpr nekqï weyqj;a ;ry .kafka ke;=j
jefâ lrf.k hkjfka thd' thd Woõ lrk wEfhdau
;uhs ;ek ;ek l;d yokafka''' tal oek oek;a Woõ
lrkjd'Z
fldfyduo foaj,a wr.kakfldg;a" ke;sfjk fldg;a"
od,d hkak fjkfldg;a uql=;a jqfka kE jf.a bkafka' ta
yeufohla Èydu n,df.k lshk foa wmsg f;areï .kak
wudrehs'
tfyu bkak whf.ka zfldfyduo Tfydu bkafka"
fldfyduo Tfydu fokafka" n,ka bkafkaZ lsh,d
wykfldg' zordf.k bkakjd b;ska" bjif.k bkakjd'
,enqk;a ke;;a uu lrkak ;sfhk foa lrkjdZ jf.a
W;a;r ;uhs ,efnkafka'
wehs fufyu fjkafka @ fjkfldg fldfyduo
fufyu bkafka @
zfufia tilsfh,a kqU,dg i<l=Kla jkafkah' Tyq
l< ish,a, f,i kqU,d o lrkq we;'Z ^tilsfh,a 24$24&
tilsfh,a Èjeisjrhdf.a Ôú;h we;=f<a fuÉpr
foaj,a isoaO jqfka" isoaO lrkak jqfka fikÕg tilsfh,a
Èjeisjrhd i,l=Kla lr,d fmkajkak'
foúhka jykafia f;dard.;a;" wdorh l<" lshk foa
lrmq flkdf.a Ôú;hhs' foúhka jykafia f;dard.kafka
Wkajykafia i<l=Kla fjkak'
wudre" yß ke;s foa fjkfldg" wdorh lrk" wdid
lrk" ´k lrk" wh ke;s fjkfldg tafla woyi
foúhka jykafia udj f;dardf.k i,l=Kla lrkak'
mKsúvfha i,l=Kla lrkak'
yeufoau ke;s fõf.k" wysñ fõf.k" .s,syS f.k
hk Ôú; wmsg i,l=Kla foúhka jykafiaf.a mKsjqvh
fokak'
zfuh meñKs l< ud ufyda;a;u foú iajdñka jykafia
nj kqU,d oek.kq we;'Z ^tilsfh,a 24$24&
mKsjqvh ;uhs zta ;uhs uu- foúhka jykafia
jevisák úÈyZ lshk fohhs'
zyeufoau ke;sfjk tl ú;rfka fjkafk''' foúhkag
fufyuo ug lrkak ´kd' yeu flfklau od,d hk
tlfka fjkafka fldÉpr wdofrka ysáh;a''''' fufyuo
foúhka jykafia ug wdof¾ lshkafka' fldÉpr l<;a
wehs udj jerÈ úÈyg fmakafka'''' foúhkag neß wehs yß
foa fmkajkak'Z
Tõ''' tfyu ;uhs foúhka jykafia f;dardf.k
bkak whg lrkafka' i,l=Kla fjkak kï .kak fldg
lgjyf.k fokak' ke;s fjkfldg jqfka kE jf.a
bkak' Wÿrkfldg ßfokafka kE jf.a bkak fjkjd'
ta mKsjqvh ;uhs zuu foúhka jykafia jev isákjd
uf.a mKsjqvlrejd ;=<Z ta i,l=K fmkajkak ,Eia;s kï
ke;s lr .kak ys; yod .kak'
wf.daia;= 23 - 30 olajd foaj jdlH m%ldYk
n,h t;rï m%n,h
miq.sh i;s lsysmh
mqrdu f,dj mqrd
fldfrdakdjg tfrysj
mej;s wr.,h wNsnjñka
Y%S ,xldj ;=<;a ;j;a
wr.,hla ls%hd;aul
jqKs' ta" md¾,sfïka;=
uyd ue;sjrKh yd n,
wr.,hhs'
uyd ue;sjrKh wjika ù i;s lsysmhla miq jqj;a ;ju;a
we;eï mlaI fï n, wr.,h ;=< igka lrñka isá;s' fï
ish,a, l=ulgo@ we;af;kau ck;djg fiajh lrkakgu
o@ tfia;a ke;skï n,h ksid ,nk m%;s,dN whs;s lr
.kakg o@ n,h t;rï m%n,h'
idudkH iufha úis tlajk breÈk Y=' iqmqj; ;=< wm
ijka fokafka wmg b;d yqre mqreÿ isÿùulghs' fmaÿre
;=ukaf.a uyd m%ldYkh ms<sn| wms óg fmr fufkys lr
we;af;uq' fÊiqia jykafia —tfy;a Tn ud ljfrl= lshd
lshkakyq oe˜ hs wik m%YAkhg fmaÿre ;=uka fok ms<s;=r
.ek fufkys l<;a ta ms<s;=r miqmi we;s uy n,h yd
ta n,h ;=< m%ldY jk foaj wkdjrKh ms<sn| fufkys
lsÍu idudkHfhka isÿ fkdfõ' kuq;a wo m<uq foaj
m%ldYkh yd Y=' iqmqj; w;r we;s iïnkaO;dj ;=< wmg
wdrdOkd flfrkafka fÊiqia jykafia weiQ m%Yakhg;a
jvd" fmaÿre ;=uka ÿka ms<s;=rg;a jvd fÊiqia jykafia
ud¾.fhka foú mshdKka úiska fmaÿre ;=ukag mejrE
uyd n,h ms<sn| fufkys lsÍughs'
fÊiqia jykafia úiska fmaÿre ;=ukag n,h mejÍfï
§ mjik ,o jpk j,g b;d ióm jpk weiqrla wmg
wo m<uq foaj m%ldYkh ;=< yuqfõ' fhidhd Èjeiam%idÈ
;=ukaf.a fmdf;ka wmg yuqjk mßÈ fIíkdg wk;=re
wÕjk foú iñ|dKka jykafia Tyqf.a n,h ke;a;gu
ke;s lr oud ys,alshdf.a mq;% jQ;a" ;ukag úYAjdijka;
jQ;a t,shdlsïg tu n,h mjrk nj;a" úYajdijka;
msfhl= f,i tu n,h fhdojkakg Tyq f;dard .kq ,nk
nj;a m%ldY lrk fial' odú;af.a jxYfha ks, h;=re
Tyqg § Tyq Yla;su;a lrk nj;a Tyq úiska wßkq ,nk
lsisjla kej; fkdjik nj;a Tyq úiska jikq ,nk
lsisjla kej; kdßk nj;a foú iñ|dKka jykafia
iy;sl lrk fial' fï id iy;slhla foñka foú
ufyda;a;uhdKka jykafia wjOdrKh lrkafka n,h
,eîfï yd tu n,h ksjeros f,i fhdojd .ekSfï
jeo.;alu ms<sn|jhs'
fï miqìu ;=< wms wfma Ôú; foi yeÍ n,uq' n,h
,enQfõ mqrdK .súiqfï ys,alshdf.a mq;% jQ t,shdlsï fyda
kj .súiqfï fmaÿre ;=uka fyda muKla fkdfõ' Tn o
uu o wm yeu fokd o foúhka jykafia ;=< n,hla ,nd
we;af;ah' ta ,enQ n,h odú;af.a jxYfha ks, h;=re fyda
iaj¾. rdcHfha h;=re fkdjkakg mq¿jk' tfy;a ta n,h
l=uk uÜgfï tlla jqj;a th wm ,nd we;af;a foúhka
jykafiaf.kauh'
mjq, ;=< foudmshka f,i o" ÈhKshl fyda mqf;l=
f,i o" /lshd ia:dkfha fiajlhl= f,i o" rfÜ
mqrjeishl= f,i o wms úúOdldrfhka n,hla we;sj
lghq;= lruq' ta Yla;Ska yd yelshdjka ;=<ska h'
j.lSï bgqlsÍï u.skah' tfia kï wm ,nd we;s n,h
wj;lafiare fkdlrkakg yeuúgu j.n,d .ksuq'
ukao wmg n,.;= lrkafka f,dalhd fkdj ufyda;a;u
foúmshdKka jykafiau jk neúks'
idudkH iufha úis tlajk bre†k
breÈk Ndjkdj
wka;jd° wd.ïjd° yd ;%ia;jd° w;s
Wkau;a;ljQ lDDrjQ uD.hka jeks
ñksia lKavdhula úiska miq.sh jifr®
mdial= bre†k †jhsfka ls;=kq
foõue∫re;s%;ajhlgt,a,
lrk ,o ìysiqKq fndaïn
m%ydrhguqyqKfoñkañh.sh
;=kaishhl muK wysxilhka
fukauur◊kafí¯tfy;a
;ju;a is;ska .;ska mSvd ú¢k
is;ska†<skaf∞afukau.;ska
†<skaf∞aofldf;l=;ah'
ta w;r .;ska is;ska ≥la
ú¢k yd mSvd ú¢k úis;=ka
yeú˙† wysxil ;reK
orejl= fidhd ud miq.sh
†kl le,◊h mÜáh yx†h"
fla'f–' mS˙ia udjf;a wxl
681$24$2 orK l=vd ksjig
f.dv jQfhñ' Tyq chm%ldIka
†,aIdâh' chm%ldIka †,aIdâf.a
mshd ueIs,duka chm%ldIah'
uj fma%ukS reIdkdh' Tyqg jeäuy,a
fidfydhqfrla yd ,dnd, fidhq˙hka
fofofkla isá;s' lsisjl=g ysñ fkdue;s tu
ksjig f.dvjQ uu ieug fmr †,aIdâf.
ka b,a,d isáfha fndaïn m%ydrh uqyqK ≥ka
wjia:dj jgd hula lshk f,ih'
Tyq ud yg i|yka l< l:dfõ
iïmsKavkh uu fufia Tn fj; lshñ'
§uu t∞ wΩhu fldÉÑlfâ foõue∫r
foaj fufyhg iyNd.sùu i|yd ;d;a;d
iu. hkakhs iQ∞kï jqfka' tfy;a y†is
ldr®hhlg meñfKk f,i ;d;a;dg Tyq
fiajh lrk ia:dkfhka ≥rl:k weu;=ula
,enqk ksid uu ;kshu foõue∫rg .sfhñ'
ud foõue∫r ;=<g we;=,ajk úg t;rï
ms˙ila fkdisá fyhska
foõue∫r ueog f.dia
lKqjla wi,
isgf.k
hdÉ∆ ls¯u
wdrïN l<d'
foaj fufyh
wdrïN jQjd''''
foõue∫r
we;=,; isá
ish,af,dau bá
myka o,ajd .;a
uq;a tajd kej;
ksjd∞kj ug
u;l kE'
ta iu. tla
úgu ú≥,s ier
je≥kdla fuka ud
lïmkhg m;ajQjd' uqΩ
Y¯rrhu .efykav jQjd' weiSu yd fmkSu
iïmQr®Kfhka ke;sj .shd' ud isáfha wi,
lKqjg msg°,hs' ;j iqΩ fudfyd;lska
ud ñh hk nj uf.a ukig idxldfjka
fuka jegyqkd' ta iu. udj fmd<j u;g
weo jefgkjd u;lhka ;sfhkjd' ud yg
u;l tmuKhs' ug kej; isysl,amkdj
tkúg udj lsisjl=g fkdfmfkk f,i
uf.a Y¯rh u; ñh .sh jQjka yd ;=jd,
jQjka .Kkdjla jeà isáhd' uf.a Y¯rh
u; isá ñh .sh ñh fkd.sh ieuj ñksiqka
msg;g .kq ,enQj;a lsisjl=f.a wjOdkh ud
fj; fhduq jQfõ kE' ukao uu ñh f.diah
hkqfjka Tjqkag is;=k ksid úh hq;=h'
wirK jQ ud b;du;a wmyiqfjka
nv.dñka
foõue∫r b†˙msgg
hdug W;aiydhl fhfooa° lSm
fofkl= muK ud fj; meñK udj Wiaid
.kakjd u;lhs' ud yg u;l tmuKhs'
Y%jKfhka yd oDIaáfhka wêl f,i
≥r®j,u tfiau uqyqfKa isg fomd olajd
bjish fkdyels ms,siaiqï ;=jd, iys;j
†k oyhla muK uyd wdfrda.HYd,dfõ
fkajdislj m%;sldr ,nd .ekSfuka miq iqΩ
iqjhla iu. ksjig meñ◊h;a ;ju;a úáka
úg m%;sldr i|yd Tyq wdfrda.HYd,djg hd
hq;=h'
fuu wysxil ;reK orejd ±kg hï
lsis iqjhla ,nd isák uq;a Tyqf.a folka
yd fo weiaj, hï hï ≥r®j,;djhka úáka
úg is≥jk nj ud yg mejiQ w;r" ud jvd;a
ixfõ.S jQfha fndaïnfhka úys≥k l=vd hlv
fnda, m%udKhla Tyqf.a Y¯r .;j ;sfnk
nj weiSfuks'
ysi isg fomd olajd Wv b,smamS iug
háka we;s tu l=vd hlv fnda, m%udKh
tlska tl ud iamr®Y lf<ñ' tu l=vd hlv
fnda, kuhla Tyqf.a Y¯rh ;=<h'
Tyqf.a foudmshka l∫Ω j.=rjñka ud
yg mejiqfõ tu hlv fnda, Y¯rh
;=< ;sîfuka orejdg wys;lr hula
is≥ fkdjk nj ffjoHjreka mejiQ
nj;a" tfy;a hqo yuq∞fõ ks,Od¯ka
lSm fofkl= mjik ,oafoa tu hlv
fnda, tfia Y¯rh ;=< ;sîfuka hïlsis
ld,h° lror is≥úh yels nj;ah'
fï ;;a;ajh u; Tjqka uqyqK°
isákafka WNf;dafldaál mekhlghs'
tfiau ≥r®j, ;;a;ajho Tjqka jgdh'
lreKq ldrKd flfia fj;;a ä,aIdâf.a
tlu n,dfmdfrd;a;=j /lshdjla ls¯ugh'
/lshdjla ls¯ug ;rï idudkH Y¯rhla
Tyqfj; ;sfnk nj ud wjfndaO lr.;sñ'
ljqreka fyda fuu ;reKhdg ieye,aÆ /
lshdjla ,nd fokafka kï th ls;=kqlu
uq,alr.;a úYd, mskls'
ñksialu y∫kk hïlsisjl= fuu
;reKhdg iyhla °ug is;kafka kï
≥'w' 075-5717825 ä,aIdâ chm%ldika fyda
076-0956396' .re rkackS meú† fidhq˙h
fi;airK fj; wu;kak'
wekagka bisfvdar® chudkak
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙od
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
§Thd,d fokakd álÜ j,g i,a,s fokak ye≥j yeá u;lhs¶
ldg lshkako@
ljqre ljqre fydre lsõjg ljqo fydrefndrej fndrej fndr †h hg .skak urei;=re i;=re / ls˙n; bfok ;=reñ;=re ñ;=re mdhk ∞ wfma ysre
.re ;s,lis˙ m%kdka≥ me';='ks' msh;=ud
miq.sh i;sfhka'''
w;S;fha ,iaik u;l igyka „jh
,enqjd' iskdms˙ riuqiq ta isoaëka iqkaor
w;S;h jr®;udkhg f.kdjd'
§wms yuqjqfka úYaj úoHd,hg wdj
ksidfk'¶
isiagr® lsjqjd'
§Thd,d fokakd wr mska álÜ folg i,a,s
fokak mr®ia tl weúiaiqj yeá ug ;du
u;lhs'¶
§wms <Û foiShla ;shd iShla j;a ;snqfk
kE id.r∑¶
biafldaf, fkdakd uy yçka yskdfjù
lsjqjd'
§YsIHhka ld,fha wmg fldÉpr w. ysÛ
;snqKo@¶
§ta;a wms wrms˙ueiaug mqre≥ jqkd'¶
§we;a;uhs id.r meúoafola ú†yg
wjqre≥ .Kkdjlg miafi ug ysf;k foa
uu lshkakï' wms „j;a jqk mjq," mdi,"
iudch" wfma „ú; f.dvke.=jd ñi úkdY
lf<a kE'¶
§t∞ ;snqfk ir, pdï „ú;hla fndfydu
wrm˙iaiñka „j;a jqk kdia;sh msgq ±lajQ
f,dalhla'¶
§miq.sh oYl fol ;=kl ld,h ;=< wfma
iudch YS>%fhka ms˙ySug m;a jqKd'
§talg fya;=j újD; wdr®:slh' fj<| fmd,
l%uh' m˙fNdackjd° iudchla ksr®udKh
l<d' wfma w;S; jákdlï idrOr®u ta ;=<
†h ù .shd' ñksiaiq w;g i,a,s °,d jeäfhka
úhoï lrkak mqre≥ lrjmq l%uhla tal'
foaYSh ksIamdokhg jvd wdkhkh l<
fohg wdYdjla we;s lrjQ l%uhla tal'
rEmjdyskS fj<| ±kaùï ksr®udKh jqfKa
nvq úl=K.kak' ñ<° .kak fmd<Ujk
Wml%u' úfYaIfhka nd, mrïmrdjg fuh
n,mEjd' yeu fohlau jdksclrKh jqKd'
f.da,ShlrKh ;=< foaYSh ñksid w;rux
jqkd'¶
§fï ;;a;ajh meú† „ú;hg;a n,mdkjd
id.r' meúoa∞ lem fjkafk fõoNdr
„ú;hla ;=< †<s∫lu" lSlrelu" jD;
Y=oaêh fï Ndr ;=< wvx.=j ;sfnkjd' fmd≥
yjq,a „ú;h ;=< øjHd;aul foa fmd≥fõ
fn∞ .kakjd' w. ysÛlï i;=áka ú|
ord .kakjd' ñ<° .kafka w;HdjYHu foa
muKhs' meúoaol= wf;a /f|k uqo, b;du;a
iSñ;hs' b;ska jr®;udk iudch ;=<ska tl
orejl= ye° jefvkafk fï m˙fNdackjd°
„ú; l%uh ;=< w;jYH nvq NdKav f;drla
ke;sj f.dv .y.kak fj<| fmd< l%uh
;=<' t;kska ìysjk udkisl;ajh iu.
;ud Tjqka ye£ jefvkafk' Tjqkaf.a iudc
m˙irh Tjqkaf.a mjq,a „ú;h w;S; meúoa∞
ìysjqk m˙irh fkdfjhs' fï lKavdhï
folg tlu ix>hla ;=< tlg yuqfjkjd'
t;k ;sfhkafka f,dl= wNsfhda.hla'¶
'§isiagr® l;d lrkafk ux lj∞j;au
fkdis;=j me;a;la .ek¶
§Tõ id.r mdi, oyï mdi, mjqf,a
fouõmshka fï ldrKd .ek kej; is;d
n,kak ´k' ;ukaf.a orejdf.a wdl,am
ilia ls¯u fï wdh;k ish,a,g mejfrk
j.lSula' meúoaoka mQcljreka ìys lrkafk
kj ;dmidrduh fyda foõi;ay, fkdfjhs'
mjq, iy mdi, miq lS wdh;kj,g
mejfrkak miq ld,Sk j.lSula' mjqf,a
ldr®hh mdif,a ldr®hh bgq fkdjk ;ek
wks;a wdh;k folu wirK fjkjd'¶
j;=r ù≥rejla nkafoaishl ;shdf.k
yskdfjù .sudrd wdjd' isiagr® foõujqkaf.a
,iaik rduq l< mska;+rhla biafldaf,
fkdakd w;g ≥kakd'
§y˙u ,iaikhs'¶
§l,d;aulhs'¶ ;EkalahQ'
§id.r isisrd◊ Th fokakd y˙u
jdikdjka;hs' wms;a tlal úYaj úoHdf,
ysáh iuyre wo y˙hg ≥la ú¢kjd' mjq,a
„ú;fh mq≥udldr wr®nqo' fjfyi uykais
fj,d „ú; f.dvk.d f.k mq≥u ú†yg
wdorfhka ne¢,d „j;a fjk Thd,d fokakd
wog;a t∞ jf.auhs' uf.a hdÉ∆fõ yeu∞u
Thd,d fokakd wdorfhka isysm;a lrkjd'
;=ka fokdu uy i;=glska lEu ldurhg
we;=Ω jqfkA jir .Kkdjlg Wv† úYaj
úoHdf, lekaáfï tlu fïfil jdä fj,d'
isisrd◊ f.o˙ka Whdf.k flfi,a fldf,a
T;df.k tk n;a uq, tlu mf;a lk
ú†y' tlu n;a uq, fn∞ f.k ld, tlg
mdvï lr,d f,dl= uy;a jqk wms wog;a ta
iqixfhda.h „ú;hg uyd Yla;shla lrf.k
„j;a fjkjd'
§''' uuhs isisrd◊hs .sys „ú;h f;dard .;a;'
isiagr® wmg yuqfjoa°;a meú† fidfydhQ˙hla'
ta meú† .uka uf.a wNsfhda. j,g isiagr®
uqyqK ≥kak yeá'
§''' isiagr® ta wjia:dj, isisrd◊hs id.rhs
tlal fn∞ .;a; .eUqre „ú; w;a±lSï' ta
;=< weh w;a≥gq foúhka jykafia''' ta foú∫ka
újdy „ú;h ;=< wms fofokdg;a yuqjqkd'
f,dl= biafldaf, uy;a;hd wdorh msreKq
≤iska isiagr® †yd n,df.k ysáhd' isissrd◊
isiagr® f. msÛdkg n;a fnokjd'
gla .d,d ,hsÜ tlla m;a;= fj,d ksjqkd'
wfâ∑ i∫ka fµdfgda tlla .;a;d ∑
y˙ fIdala∑ biafldaf, uy;a;hd
w;afmd,ika ≥kakd'
.re ,s,shka ;ka;%swdrÉÑ ^Y='m& meú† fidhq˙h
f,dl= biafldaf, uy;a;hd
9
i;sm;d m<jk kjl;dj
tla;rd .ul uqrex.d
j.d lrk f.dúrd,
flfkla isáhd' fuhdf.a
j;af;a fyd|u idrj;aj
uqrex.d yefokjd' fï
f.dúrd, fudl lrkafka
fï ;ukaf.a j;af;a uqrex.d
állvdf.k.eg.yf.k lfr®
;shdf.kyx†fha;sfhklvhgfokjd'
fï f.dúrd,f.a .fï b|,d fï ;ukaf.a
uqrex.dfoklvhgtkaky˙hgulsf,da
ógr®y;lamuK;sfhkjd'fïy;mhskau
.sys,a,dtalfâguqrex.dál°,duqo,d,s
fukak wo uu uqrex.d f.kjd lsh,d'
t;fldguqo,d,swykjdlsf,dalShla
;sfhkjo@ lsf,da oyhla ;sfhkjd uqo,d,s
lsh,d.urd,lshkjd'y˙tfykï´l
T;kska ;shkak lsh,d uqo,d,s lshoa°
f.dúrd, tal t;ekska ;shkd ;ukaf.a
f.orgwjYHyd,aiSksmsá;=kmy"f;a
fld, ishÆ nvq ndysrd†h tu lfvkau ñ,°
f.kwdmiqmhskauf.orgtkjd'
t;fldg fï uqo,d,s fudlo lrkafka
fï f.dúhd f.kd uqrex.d fyd|g idrj;aj
ye†,d ;sfhk ksid wks;a tajd tlal l,jx
lr,d fyd| ,dNhla uqo,d,s .;a;d' fï
jf.a is˙;la ú†yg fï f.dúrd, fï lfâg
°,d ;ukaf.a forg wjYH nvq ál wrka
tk tl is˙;la ú†yg ;shdf.k ysáhd'
ojila fï uqo,d,s fudlo lrkafka fï
f.dúrd,f.a uqrex.d ál lfâ jevg bkak
fldÆjg lsh,d lsr,d n,kjd' tf;dg
;snqfka uqrex.d lsf,da oyhla fjkqjg lsf,da
kjhhs'
fï jevldr fldÆjd fïl lsr,d
uqo,d,sg lshkjd uqo,d,s uqo,d,s fï
f.dúrd, f.kd uqrex.d lsf,da oyh
lsõjg fu;k ;sfhkafka uqrex.d lsf,da
kjhhsfka' fïl wymq uqo,d,sg fyd|gu
flaka;s hkjd' ta ú;rla fkdfjhs fï
yeu∞u uqrex.d /f.k tk f.dúrd,
flfrys f,dl= flaka;shla f,dl= ≥lla fï
uqo,d,sg tkjd' uu fï f.dúrd, flfrys
fldÉpr úYajdihla f.dvk.df.k
;snqko@ uu Tyq f.ak uqrex.d ál lj∞j;a
lsrkafka ke;sj Tyqf.a lSu úYajdi lr,d
uu Tyqg b,a,mq nvq ál ≥kakd fkao lsh,d
f.dvla fõokdfjka l,amkd lrñka isáhd'
y˙ wdhs ojil thsfka' ux w,a,.kakï
lsh,d ys;df.k ojia f.ù .shd'
Tkak wdhs ojil ±ka f.dúrd,f.a
j;af;a uqrex.d ye†,d f.dúrd, f.dvla
i;=áka fï uqrex.d ál lvdf.k
.eg.yf.k lfr® ;shdf.k mhskau tkjd
yx†fha lfâg' weú,a,d uqo,d,s fukak ux
uqrex.d f.kdjd lsh,d' t;fldg uqo,d,s
wykjd y˙ fu;k uqrex.d fldÉpr
;sfhkjdo@ lsf,da oyhla ;sfhkjd
uqo,d,s' y˙ bkakflda lsh,d uqo,d,s fï
f.dúrd,f.a uqrex.d ál lsrkjd' yenehs
;snqfka uqrex.d lsf,da oyh fjkqjg kjhhs'
fïl ±lal .uka uqo,d,sg fyd|gu flaka;s
hkjd' uqo,d,s fï f.dúrd,f.a lïuq,g
.yf.k .yf.k .shd' wfka fï f.dúrd,
fyd|gu .=á ld,d wykj wehs uqo,d,s ux
je/oaola lf<a keye' ux jxpdjla lf<a
keye' ux <Û ;rd†hla keye' ux f.ak fï
uqrex.d ál lsrd.kak uqo,d,s fok iSks
lsf,da tl melÜ tl ;sh,d ;uhs ux fï
uqrex.d ál lsf,da tl .dkg uek,d wrka
tkafka uqo,d,s lsh,d lsõjd'
fïl wymq .uka fï lfâ uqo,d,sg
yoj;g f,dl= fõokdjla ≥lla
we;sjqkd' uu lrmq jxpdj ug lrmq
fndrej kej; ugu ye˙,d wdjdfka'''
lsh,d Tyq me;a;lg .sys,a,d l,amkd
l,d'
fukak fï jf.a ;uhs wfma „ú;;a
wms ldj y˙ /jeÜgqfjd;a ldg y˙
jxpd lf<d;a kej; Tng tal y˙,d
Tn lrd tkjduhs' wr
uqo,d,s iSks lsf,da tl
wvqfjka lsr,d ≥kak
ksid ;uhs" ta fndrej
ta /jàu ta jxpdj
kej; Tyq fj;g ye˙,d
wdfõ' Tn Tfí „ú;fha ldgy˙
fndre fpdaokd lr,d" jxpd lr,d
wksla wh b†˙fha ;ud Y=oaOjka;
hehs fmkajkakg .sfhd;a ta
Tn lrmq jer† ls%hdj wdmiq Tn lrd
ksielju meñfKkjd' ta ksid Tn fndre
fpdaokd lrkak tmd' wksla wh úksYaph
lrkakg hkak tmd' ;ukaf.a ku /l
.kak wksla whj mdjd fokak tmd' ;uka
w; jer† ;ndf.k wksla whg weÛs,a,
†lalrkak yokak tmd' Tn
l=uk ;rd;srul isáh;a
wjxl jkak'
ta jf.au ;uhs Tfí
„ú;fha Tn ldgy˙
hym;la lf<d;a ta hym;
Tng wksjdr®hfhkau kej;
ye˙,d tkjd tkjduhs'
ta ksid Tn „j;ajk fï
flá ld,h ;=< Tn
Tfí „ú;fha° yuqjk
lsisfjl= rjÜgkak tmd'
jxpd lrkak tmd' fndre
fpdaokd t,a, lrkak tmd'
wkqka úksYaph lrkak tmd'
Tn tfia lf<d;a tys
M, úmdlh Tn lrdu
tkjduhs' ljqre Tng jer†
l<d;a" f∞ia lsõj;a" fndre
fpdaokd lr Tfí yg ku
le; l<;a lï ke;' Tng
mSvd lrk kmqr lrk whg
whq;= fpdaokd k.k whg
Tng whq;= f,i úksYaph
lrk whg Tn hym;u
lrkak' thhs foú∫ka Tnf.ka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka'
.re tÉ' m%ikak †,arela msh;=ud
md;sud uE‚hka ug iqjh ÿkakdjhiwjqre≥70blaujQudyDo
frda.hla iE° iqjh ,nd isáfhñ'
fï w;r udf.a nfâ fõokdjla iE°
fnfy;a.;sñ'tfy;a†.ska†.gufõokdj
wvqfkdùmj;skksid"udygm%;sldrl<
ffjoHjrhdmejiqfõúfYaIffjoHjrfhl=
yuqjkf,ih'fïwkqjudúfYaI
ffjoHjrfhl=yuqùñ'udf.afrda.,CIweiQ
tuffjoHjrhdf,aiyuq;%dm¯CIdjlalrf.k
kej; meñfKk f,i ±kajQfhñ' miqj tu
m¯CIKjdr®;dj/f.k.shúgthm¯CIdl,
tuffjoHjrhdudygmejiqfõudf.aY¯rh
;=< tla;rd wjhjhl ms<sldjla jr®Okh
fõf.k tk njhs'
fuh weiQúg ud ;e;s.;a nj jgyd.;a
Tyq mejiqfõ Nhjkakg ldrKdjla
fkdue;s nj;a'''' w∞< fldgi
Y,Hlr®uhla u.ska bj;a ls¯fuka
miqj iqjjk nj;ah' fuys° ud yg
u;la jQfha óg fmr udyg Y,Hlr®uhla l<
wjia:dfõ°''' tu ffjoHjreka ud yg mjid
;snqfka''' kej; ud yg Y,Hlr®uhla ls¯ug
is≥jqjfyd;a isyske;s ls¯u kqiq≥iq njh' fuh ud
fuu ffjoHjrhdg mejiQúg ffjoH;=ud mejiqfõ
ìh úh hq;= ke;s nj;a" isyske;s ls¯ulska f;drj
Y,Hlr®uh is≥l< yels nj;ah'
t†k ksjig meñ◊ ud wm
.%dufha ;sfnk zwdYapr®hj;a md;sudZ
foajud;djkaf.a uxvmhg f.dia cmud,h
Tmamq lrñka udf.a Y,Hlr®uh md;sud
foajud;djkag Ndr lf<ñ' kshñ; †k
frday,g ud we;=,a jQ w;r Y,Hd.drhg
ud /f.k hk úg ud is;ska cmud,h
WÉpdrKh lf<ñ' tys° ffjoHjreka
yd fy†hka udj ffOr®hu;a lf<ñ'
Y,Hlr®ufhka miqj mshú isysh ,oúg
fõokdjla ±kqk;a ud foaj wïudg ia;+;s
lf<ñ' miq†ku ud ksjig meñ◊ w;r
fl,skau wdYapr®hj;a md;sud uxvmh fj; .sh ud
t;=ñhg ia;+;s lf<ñ' fï jk úg ud iqjh ,nd
isáñ' md;sud uE◊hks Tn ;=ñhg ia;+;shs' ia;+;shs'
fuh lshuk Tn;a cmud,h ;=<ska foaj wïudj
yuqjkak'
iaàjka m%kdka≥
is; ojk.egΩ
kekaoïud f,a,s .egqu
fya;=jla lr .; hq;=o@
újdyhla lvdlmam,alr .ekSug
jirlgwvqld,hlskamiq;ukaf.a
újdyh †lalidohlska fl<jr
jQ ;du;a ;reKúfha miqjk lf;da,sl
;reKfhl= isú,a †lalidofhka miq"
lf;da,sliNdújdywêlrKhb†˙fha
fmkS isáfha" foaj m%ido ksOdkd;aul ;u
újdyh" lf;da,sl iNd kS;s m%ldr wkqjo
wfydaiske;akïY=kHlrKhlr.ekSu
i|ydh'
t†k mej;s uQ,sl idlÉPd jgfha°
wêlrKh ndr msh;=ud yd fï ;reKhd
w;r mej;s ixjdofha wjidkh jQfha
fufiah'
msh;=ud ( Tnf.a újdyh lvdlmam,a ùug
uQ,sl fya;=j fudllao@
;reKhd ( wfma wïud
msh;=ud ( Tnj ye¥ jevQ wïud wehs Tnf.a
újdyh lvdlmam,a lf<a@
;reKhd ( msh;=fuks" tal ug;a f;afrkafk
keye' wïud ys;du;d tfia
l,dhehs uu lshkafk keye'
kuq;a fjÉp foa .ek idOdrKj
n,oa° ug nh ke;=j lshkak
mqΩjka wïu ksid ;uhs uu wo
;kslvfhla jqfKa lsh,'
fï kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r we;s jQ
u;fNaoh ksid lvdlmam,a jQ tla újdyhl
fYdaldka;hhs' wo fndfyda újdyhka
wjidkfha †lalidoh u.ska wjidk ùu
i|yd n,mdk fndfyda lreKq w;˙ka
kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r m%Yakho uq,a
;ekla .kS' ±ka ±ka th ;j;a ixlSr®K
fjñka iuyr wjia:dj,° kekaoïud ksid
muKla fkdj" uduKaäh yd f,a,sh w;r
fyda nEKd w;r we;sjk .egqï ksid o
újdy m%Yak we;sùfï m%jk;djhla ±l.;
yel' fláfhka lsjfyd;a" foudmshkaf.a
wkjYH weÛs,s .eiSï yd n,mEï ksid wo
újdy „ú;hg whym;a n,mEï lrk tla
idOlhla ù we;' foudmsh u.fmkaùï" /
ljrKh yd wdorh ueoafoa f.dvke.sh hq;=
mjq,a „ú;hg whym;a n,mEï we;sjkafka
foudmshkaf.kau kï th fl;rï
wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajhlao@
fuu m%Yakh foi fndfyda me;slvj,ska
n,d ú.%yhl fh†h yels jqj;a" wm fuu
,smsh u.ska kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r
u;fNao .ek fláfhka ye¯ n,kakg
W;aidy lruq' fï m%Yakh b;sydifha
fndfyda wE;g †j hkakls' újdyfha°
is≥jkafka fuf;la l,a ;ukaf.a „ú;fhau
fldgila njg m;aj ;snQ b;d n,iïmkak
ldka;d p˙;h jQ wïud fjkqjg thg jvd
n,iïmkak in|;djhlska ieñhd ;u
ì˙| yd iïnkaOùuh' újdyfhka miq Tyq
iïmQr®Kfhkau ;u ì˙|g ;ukaj ∞kh
ls¯ug is≥úh hq;=h' fï .ek i|yka lrk
ls%ia;=ia jykafiau wmg lshd isáfha" §ta
ksid ñksfil= ;u mshdo uj o w;ayer ish
Ndr®hdjg weÆï jk nj;a" tlaflfkl=
jk nj;a foúhka jykafia j∞< fial'
fufia Tjqka tjla mgka fofofkl= fkdj
tlaflfkla fj;s¶hs lshdh' ^uf;õ 19(5-6&
fukak fï w;ayer ±óu yd weÆïùu
ksid kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r >Ügkh
yg.kakd nj wmg b;d meye†,sh' fuu
fjkaùu
ke;fyd;a
w;ayer
±óu wka
lsisfjl=g
jvd ord.;
fkdyelafla
yd bjid
.;
fkdyelafla
wïu,dgh'
;udj tla
wdldrhlska
w;ayer
±óulg;a jvd m%;slafIam
l<d hk yeÛSu wïud
;=< we;sjkafka" újdyh
ojfiau" fuf;la f.or
yeu fokdf.au wjOdkh yd
fufyhùu ysñlr f.k isá
wïudg th t∞ wysñùu;a
iu.uh' újdyh ∞ uq,a;ek
fokafk;a" ldf.a;a wjOdkh
fhduq jkafka;a mjq,g
wΩ;ska we;=ΩjQ kj;u
idud‚ldj jk f,a,shgh'
wka yeu fofkl=gu jvd
;ukaf.a mq;d" ;ukag jvd
wjOdkh f,a,sh fj; fhduq
fjoa° th ishqï Br®IHdjla iu. fõokdjla
njg m;aùu idudkH fohls' flfkl=g
;ukaf.a wïud ;ukaf.a „ú;hg fjk
lsisu flfkl=f.ka wdfoaY lr.; fkdyels
jqj;a" újdyh;a iu. ì˙| wïudf.a ;ekg
jvd n,.;= f,i wdfoaY ùu we;af;kau
>Ügkhg fya;=jla úh hq;=uh' tu ksid
;ukaj hï wdldrhl m%;slafIam ùfï
ta yeÛSu m%ldY lrkafka thg fya;=j jQ
f,a,sh ;=<skah'
fu;=jla l,a wïudf.ka jQ ldr®hNdrh yd
iuyr hq;=lï ±ka kj ì˙| úiska bfíu
mjrd .kq ,noa°" wka lsisjlg jvd wïudf.a
wdorh l%u l%ufhka ì˙|f.a wdorhg wdfoaY
fjoa°" iïnkaO;d w;r hï wdldrhl
jHdl+,njla we;sùu idudkH fohls' ukao
jir .Kkla mej;S f.k mjqf,a ldr®h
Ndrhka yd yqreù ;snQ ta mjq,gu wdfõksl
.;s mej;=ï ±ka fï újdy fudfydf;a isg
úYd, m˙jr®;khlg fhduq fõ'
fuys° fláfhka kekaoïu,dg †h yels
wjjdoh kï" ±ka ;ukaf.a mq;d" ;u
Tfvdlal=fõ yqr;,a jQ pQá mq;d fkdj" Tyq
±ka ;u f,a,shf.a ieñhdh' tu ksid Tyq
±ka „ú;fha kj wdrïNhla lrd .uka
lrk jeäysáfhls' tu ksid fï újdyh
i;=áka yd iud∞kfhka mj;ajdf.khñka
foúhka jykafia úiska we;slrk ,o fï
újdyh wjidkh olajd mj;ajdf.k hEug
kï Tyq wka lsisfjl=g jvd ;u ì˙|g
weΩï úh hq;= nj weh ms<s.; hq;=h'
tfiau mq;d yd f,a,sh;a yeu úgu ;u
foudmshka foúhka jykafia jykafiaf.
ka Tjqkag ,enqk °ukdjka yd wdYsr®jdohka
f,i ms<sf.k" Tjqkaf.a ta wdorh" m%«j
yd †˙.ekaùï ueo Tjqkag .re lrñka ;u
újdy „ú;h .; ls¯ug wêIaGdk lr.;
hq;=h'
wms ±ka fï m%Yakh ksrdlrKh lr
.ekSfuys,d úYd, ldr®h Ndrhla bgq l,
yels f,a,sh fj; yefrkakg W;aidy lruq'
fuu kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r .egqug
fyd|u tla ms<shula f,i" f,a,sh ;ukaf.a
iSudjka b;d meye†,sj ksr®Kh lr .ekSu
b;d jeo.;ah' tu iSudjka úêu;a f,i"
ndysrfhka m%ldY fldg ls%hd;aul lrk
foaj,a fkdj" wúêu;a yd ks, fkdjk
wdldrfhka ls%hd;aul l< hq;=h' tkï
;u kekaoïud iu. ;u woyia yd m%Yak
.egΩ j,° fn∞ .kafka fudkj∞" fn∞
fkd.kafka fudkjo hkak ;SrKh ls¯u
.egΩld¯ wjia:djkays° ls%hd;aul l<
hq;= tla Wml%uhls' ld,h" fõ,dj" ;SrK
.ekSu jeks t†fk∞ „ú;fha fndfyda
wjia:djka i|yd yels whq˙ka f.or iduhg
yd ffoksl ‚ú;hg ndOd fkdjk whq˙ka
hï hï iSudjka ;uka úiskau mjrdf.k"
hï úkhlska yd ixhulska lghq;= ls¯fuka
fujeks fndfyda m%Yak úi|d .; yel'
fï m%Yakh fndfyda úg W.%jkafka" lsisu
iSudj,a fyda fj,djla fkdue;sj bnd.df;a
lghq;= ls¯ug W;aidy ls¯u ksidh'
tfiau .egΩld¯ wjia:djl°"
;u kekaoïud iu. we;s Ñ;a;fõ.S
in|;djfhka ;udu ñ°ug W;aidy ls¯uo
;j;a Wml%uhla f,i y∫kajd †h yel'
tkï wehg ;uka wïudg fuka ie,lsh
hq;= jQj;a weh ;ukaf.a wïud fkdfõ' ukao
;ukaf.a wïudf.ka hï wia:dk fpdaokdjla
t,a,fjoa° th ord .ekSug wmyiqh' kuq;a
fuys° f,a,sh kekaoïud uf.a fkdj
uf.a ieñhdf.a uj f,i we;=,dka;fhka
ms<sf.k ta wkqj lghq;= l<fyd;a we;súh
yels Ñ;a;fõ.S wd;;sfhka ñ†h yel'
f,a,sh ;u .egΩjg ke;fyd;a
u;=fNaold¯ ;;ajhg uq,ajk fya;=j ndysr
yeis¯ï rgdjka u.ska fkdj we;=,dka;fhka
f;areï .ekSug W;aidy ls¯uo b;d
jeo.;afõ'
idudkHfhka újdyhlska miq ;ukaf.a
ieñhdf.a mjqf,a whj ;ukaf.au mjqf,a
wh f,i ie,lSu újdyl ldka;djlf.a
hq;=luhs' idudkHfhka ieñhdf.a mshdg yd
ujg weh wduka;%Kh lrkafka ;ukaf.au
wïudg yd ;d;a;dg fukauh' kuq;a fujeks
wr®nqold¯ wjia:dj,°" ldf.aj;a ys;
fkd˙fok wdldrfhka ;rula udkislj
yd Yd¯˙lj;a ;rula wE;aùu fndfyda úg
Wmld¯úh yel'
flfia fj;;a foudmshka újdyl hqj<lg
wdYsr®jdohls' Tjqkaf.a fifkyi" m%«j
yd †˙.ekaùu mjq,a „ú;h mj;ajdf.k
hEug orejkg buy;a msgqjy,la úh yel'
mjq,l yeu flfklau ;ukaf.a iSudjka
fudkjd±hs lshd fyd¢ka wjfndaO lrf.k
lghq;= lrhs kï" yeu .egΩjlgu
hdÉ∆fjka yd Ndjkdfjka ms<s;=re fidhhs
kï udkqIsl m%Yak wmg fndfyda ≥rg úi|d
.; yel'
w.ro.=re moú újdy wêlrK kdysñ
w;s.re m%ekaisia ksla,ia fiakdkdhl msh;=ud
uqrex.d l;djlska mdvula
hlv fnda, 9la
≥la ú¢k
;reKfhlaYÍrh ;=< r|jdf.k
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
wka;jd° wd.ïjd° yd ;%ia;jd° w;s
Wkau;a;ljQ lDDrjQ uD.hka jeks
ñksia lKavdhula úiska miq.sh jifr®
mdial= bre†k †jhsfka ls;=kq
foõue∫re;s%;ajhlgt,a,
lrk ,o ìysiqKq fndaïn
m%ydrhguqyqKfoñkañh.sh
;=kaishhl muK wysxilhka
fukauur◊kafí¯tfy;a
;ju;a is;ska .;ska mSvd ú¢k
is;ska†<skaf∞afukau.;ska
†<skaf∞aofldf;l=;ah'
ta w;r .;ska is;ska ≥la
ú¢k yd mSvd ú¢k úis;=ka
yeú˙† wysxil ;reK
orejl= fidhd ud miq.sh
†kl le,◊h mÜáh yx†h"
fla'f–' mS˙ia udjf;a wxl
681$24$2 orK l=vd ksjig
f.dv jQfhñ' Tyq chm%ldIka
†,aIdâh' chm%ldIka †,aIdâf.a
mshd ueIs,duka chm%ldIah'
uj fma%ukS reIdkdh' Tyqg jeäuy,a
fidfydhqfrla yd ,dnd, fidhq˙hka
fofofkla isá;s' lsisjl=g ysñ fkdue;s tu
ksjig f.dvjQ uu ieug fmr †,aIdâf.
ka b,a,d isáfha fndaïn m%ydrh uqyqK ≥ka
wjia:dj jgd hula lshk f,ih'
Tyq ud yg i|yka l< l:dfõ
iïmsKavkh uu fufia Tn fj; lshñ'
§uu t∞ wΩhu fldÉÑlfâ foõue∫r
foaj fufyhg iyNd.sùu i|yd ;d;a;d
iu. hkakhs iQ∞kï jqfka' tfy;a y†is
ldr®hhlg meñfKk f,i ;d;a;dg Tyq
fiajh lrk ia:dkfhka ≥rl:k weu;=ula
,enqk ksid uu ;kshu foõue∫rg .sfhñ'
ud foõue∫r ;=<g we;=,ajk úg t;rï
ms˙ila fkdisá fyhska
foõue∫r ueog f.dia
lKqjla wi,
isgf.k
hdÉ∆ ls¯u
wdrïN l<d'
foaj fufyh
wdrïN jQjd''''
foõue∫r
we;=,; isá
ish,af,dau bá
myka o,ajd .;a
uq;a tajd kej;
ksjd∞kj ug
u;l kE'
ta iu. tla
úgu ú≥,s ier
je≥kdla fuka ud
lïmkhg m;ajQjd' uqΩ
Y¯rrhu .efykav jQjd' weiSu yd fmkSu
iïmQr®Kfhka ke;sj .shd' ud isáfha wi,
lKqjg msg°,hs' ;j iqΩ fudfyd;lska
ud ñh hk nj uf.a ukig idxldfjka
fuka jegyqkd' ta iu. udj fmd<j u;g
weo jefgkjd u;lhka ;sfhkjd' ud yg
u;l tmuKhs' ug kej; isysl,amkdj
tkúg udj lsisjl=g fkdfmfkk f,i
uf.a Y¯rh u; ñh .sh jQjka yd ;=jd,
jQjka .Kkdjla jeà isáhd' uf.a Y¯rh
u; isá ñh .sh ñh fkd.sh ieuj ñksiqka
msg;g .kq ,enQj;a lsisjl=f.a wjOdkh ud
fj; fhduq jQfõ kE' ukao uu ñh f.diah
hkqfjka Tjqkag is;=k ksid úh hq;=h'
wirK jQ ud b;du;a wmyiqfjka
nv.dñka
foõue∫r b†˙msgg
hdug W;aiydhl fhfooa° lSm
fofkl= muK ud fj; meñK udj Wiaid
.kakjd u;lhs' ud yg u;l tmuKhs'
Y%jKfhka yd oDIaáfhka wêl f,i
≥r®j,u tfiau uqyqfKa isg fomd olajd
bjish fkdyels ms,siaiqï ;=jd, iys;j
†k oyhla muK uyd wdfrda.HYd,dfõ
fkajdislj m%;sldr ,nd .ekSfuka miq iqΩ
iqjhla iu. ksjig meñ◊h;a ;ju;a úáka
úg m%;sldr i|yd Tyq wdfrda.HYd,djg hd
hq;=h'
fuu wysxil ;reK orejd ±kg hï
lsis iqjhla ,nd isák uq;a Tyqf.a folka
yd fo weiaj, hï hï ≥r®j,;djhka úáka
úg is≥jk nj ud yg mejiQ w;r" ud jvd;a
ixfõ.S jQfha fndaïnfhka úys≥k l=vd hlv
fnda, m%udKhla Tyqf.a Y¯r .;j ;sfnk
nj weiSfuks'
ysi isg fomd olajd Wv b,smamS iug
háka we;s tu l=vd hlv fnda, m%udKh
tlska tl ud iamr®Y lf<ñ' tu l=vd hlv
fnda, kuhla Tyqf.a Y¯rh ;=<h'
Tyqf.a foudmshka l∫Ω j.=rjñka ud
yg mejiqfõ tu hlv fnda, Y¯rh
;=< ;sîfuka orejdg wys;lr hula
is≥ fkdjk nj ffjoHjreka mejiQ
nj;a" tfy;a hqo yuq∞fõ ks,Od¯ka
lSm fofkl= mjik ,oafoa tu hlv
fnda, tfia Y¯rh ;=< ;sîfuka hïlsis
ld,h° lror is≥úh yels nj;ah'
fï ;;a;ajh u; Tjqka uqyqK°
isákafka WNf;dafldaál mekhlghs'
tfiau ≥r®j, ;;a;ajho Tjqka jgdh'
lreKq ldrKd flfia fj;;a ä,aIdâf.a
tlu n,dfmdfrd;a;=j /lshdjla ls¯ugh'
/lshdjla ls¯ug ;rï idudkH Y¯rhla
Tyqfj; ;sfnk nj ud wjfndaO lr.;sñ'
ljqreka fyda fuu ;reKhdg ieye,aÆ /
lshdjla ,nd fokafka kï th ls;=kqlu
uq,alr.;a úYd, mskls'
ñksialu y∫kk hïlsisjl= fuu
;reKhdg iyhla °ug is;kafka kï
≥'w' 075-5717825 ä,aIdâ chm%ldika fyda
076-0956396' .re rkackS meú† fidhq˙h
fi;airK fj; wu;kak'
wekagka bisfvdar® chudkak
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeks∞ b˙od
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
§Thd,d fokakd álÜ j,g i,a,s fokak ye≥j yeá u;lhs¶
ldg lshkako@
ljqre ljqre fydre lsõjg ljqo fydrefndrej fndrej fndr †h hg .skak urei;=re i;=re / ls˙n; bfok ;=reñ;=re ñ;=re mdhk ∞ wfma ysre
.re ;s,lis˙ m%kdka≥ me';='ks' msh;=ud
miq.sh i;sfhka'''
w;S;fha ,iaik u;l igyka „jh
,enqjd' iskdms˙ riuqiq ta isoaëka iqkaor
w;S;h jr®;udkhg f.kdjd'
§wms yuqjqfka úYaj úoHd,hg wdj
ksidfk'¶
isiagr® lsjqjd'
§Thd,d fokakd wr mska álÜ folg i,a,s
fokak mr®ia tl weúiaiqj yeá ug ;du
u;lhs'¶
§wms <Û foiShla ;shd iShla j;a ;snqfk
kE id.r∑¶
biafldaf, fkdakd uy yçka yskdfjù
lsjqjd'
§YsIHhka ld,fha wmg fldÉpr w. ysÛ
;snqKo@¶
§ta;a wms wrms˙ueiaug mqre≥ jqkd'¶
§we;a;uhs id.r meúoafola ú†yg
wjqre≥ .Kkdjlg miafi ug ysf;k foa
uu lshkakï' wms „j;a jqk mjq," mdi,"
iudch" wfma „ú; f.dvke.=jd ñi úkdY
lf<a kE'¶
§t∞ ;snqfk ir, pdï „ú;hla fndfydu
wrm˙iaiñka „j;a jqk kdia;sh msgq ±lajQ
f,dalhla'¶
§miq.sh oYl fol ;=kl ld,h ;=< wfma
iudch YS>%fhka ms˙ySug m;a jqKd'
§talg fya;=j újD; wdr®:slh' fj<| fmd,
l%uh' m˙fNdackjd° iudchla ksr®udKh
l<d' wfma w;S; jákdlï idrOr®u ta ;=<
†h ù .shd' ñksiaiq w;g i,a,s °,d jeäfhka
úhoï lrkak mqre≥ lrjmq l%uhla tal'
foaYSh ksIamdokhg jvd wdkhkh l<
fohg wdYdjla we;s lrjQ l%uhla tal'
rEmjdyskS fj<| ±kaùï ksr®udKh jqfKa
nvq úl=K.kak' ñ<° .kak fmd<Ujk
Wml%u' úfYaIfhka nd, mrïmrdjg fuh
n,mEjd' yeu fohlau jdksclrKh jqKd'
f.da,ShlrKh ;=< foaYSh ñksid w;rux
jqkd'¶
§fï ;;a;ajh meú† „ú;hg;a n,mdkjd
id.r' meúoa∞ lem fjkafk fõoNdr
„ú;hla ;=< †<s∫lu" lSlrelu" jD;
Y=oaêh fï Ndr ;=< wvx.=j ;sfnkjd' fmd≥
yjq,a „ú;h ;=< øjHd;aul foa fmd≥fõ
fn∞ .kakjd' w. ysÛlï i;=áka ú|
ord .kakjd' ñ<° .kafka w;HdjYHu foa
muKhs' meúoaol= wf;a /f|k uqo, b;du;a
iSñ;hs' b;ska jr®;udk iudch ;=<ska tl
orejl= ye° jefvkafk fï m˙fNdackjd°
„ú; l%uh ;=< w;jYH nvq NdKav f;drla
ke;sj f.dv .y.kak fj<| fmd< l%uh
;=<' t;kska ìysjk udkisl;ajh iu.
;ud Tjqka ye£ jefvkafk' Tjqkaf.a iudc
m˙irh Tjqkaf.a mjq,a „ú;h w;S; meúoa∞
ìysjqk m˙irh fkdfjhs' fï lKavdhï
folg tlu ix>hla ;=< tlg yuqfjkjd'
t;k ;sfhkafka f,dl= wNsfhda.hla'¶
'§isiagr® l;d lrkafk ux lj∞j;au
fkdis;=j me;a;la .ek¶
§Tõ id.r mdi, oyï mdi, mjqf,a
fouõmshka fï ldrKd .ek kej; is;d
n,kak ´k' ;ukaf.a orejdf.a wdl,am
ilia ls¯u fï wdh;k ish,a,g mejfrk
j.lSula' meúoaoka mQcljreka ìys lrkafk
kj ;dmidrduh fyda foõi;ay, fkdfjhs'
mjq, iy mdi, miq lS wdh;kj,g
mejfrkak miq ld,Sk j.lSula' mjqf,a
ldr®hh mdif,a ldr®hh bgq fkdjk ;ek
wks;a wdh;k folu wirK fjkjd'¶
j;=r ù≥rejla nkafoaishl ;shdf.k
yskdfjù .sudrd wdjd' isiagr® foõujqkaf.a
,iaik rduq l< mska;+rhla biafldaf,
fkdakd w;g ≥kakd'
§y˙u ,iaikhs'¶
§l,d;aulhs'¶ ;EkalahQ'
§id.r isisrd◊ Th fokakd y˙u
jdikdjka;hs' wms;a tlal úYaj úoHdf,
ysáh iuyre wo y˙hg ≥la ú¢kjd' mjq,a
„ú;fh mq≥udldr wr®nqo' fjfyi uykais
fj,d „ú; f.dvk.d f.k mq≥u ú†yg
wdorfhka ne¢,d „j;a fjk Thd,d fokakd
wog;a t∞ jf.auhs' uf.a hdÉ∆fõ yeu∞u
Thd,d fokakd wdorfhka isysm;a lrkjd'
;=ka fokdu uy i;=glska lEu ldurhg
we;=Ω jqfkA jir .Kkdjlg Wv† úYaj
úoHdf, lekaáfï tlu fïfil jdä fj,d'
isisrd◊ f.o˙ka Whdf.k flfi,a fldf,a
T;df.k tk n;a uq, tlu mf;a lk
ú†y' tlu n;a uq, fn∞ f.k ld, tlg
mdvï lr,d f,dl= uy;a jqk wms wog;a ta
iqixfhda.h „ú;hg uyd Yla;shla lrf.k
„j;a fjkjd'
§''' uuhs isisrd◊hs .sys „ú;h f;dard .;a;'
isiagr® wmg yuqfjoa°;a meú† fidfydhQ˙hla'
ta meú† .uka uf.a wNsfhda. j,g isiagr®
uqyqK ≥kak yeá'
§''' isiagr® ta wjia:dj, isisrd◊hs id.rhs
tlal fn∞ .;a; .eUqre „ú; w;a±lSï' ta
;=< weh w;a≥gq foúhka jykafia''' ta foú∫ka
újdy „ú;h ;=< wms fofokdg;a yuqjqkd'
f,dl= biafldaf, uy;a;hd wdorh msreKq
≤iska isiagr® †yd n,df.k ysáhd' isissrd◊
isiagr® f. msÛdkg n;a fnokjd'
gla .d,d ,hsÜ tlla m;a;= fj,d ksjqkd'
wfâ∑ i∫ka fµdfgda tlla .;a;d ∑
y˙ fIdala∑ biafldaf, uy;a;hd
w;afmd,ika ≥kakd'
.re ,s,shka ;ka;%swdrÉÑ ^Y='m& meú† fidhq˙h
f,dl= biafldaf, uy;a;hd
9
i;sm;d m<jk kjl;dj
tla;rd .ul uqrex.d
j.d lrk f.dúrd,
flfkla isáhd' fuhdf.a
j;af;a fyd|u idrj;aj
uqrex.d yefokjd' fï
f.dúrd, fudl lrkafka
fï ;ukaf.a j;af;a uqrex.d
állvdf.k.eg.yf.k lfr®
;shdf.kyx†fha;sfhklvhgfokjd'
fï f.dúrd,f.a .fï b|,d fï ;ukaf.a
uqrex.dfoklvhgtkaky˙hgulsf,da
ógr®y;lamuK;sfhkjd'fïy;mhskau
.sys,a,dtalfâguqrex.dál°,duqo,d,s
fukak wo uu uqrex.d f.kjd lsh,d'
t;fldguqo,d,swykjdlsf,dalShla
;sfhkjo@ lsf,da oyhla ;sfhkjd uqo,d,s
lsh,d.urd,lshkjd'y˙tfykï´l
T;kska ;shkak lsh,d uqo,d,s lshoa°
f.dúrd, tal t;ekska ;shkd ;ukaf.a
f.orgwjYHyd,aiSksmsá;=kmy"f;a
fld, ishÆ nvq ndysrd†h tu lfvkau ñ,°
f.kwdmiqmhskauf.orgtkjd'
t;fldg fï uqo,d,s fudlo lrkafka
fï f.dúhd f.kd uqrex.d fyd|g idrj;aj
ye†,d ;sfhk ksid wks;a tajd tlal l,jx
lr,d fyd| ,dNhla uqo,d,s .;a;d' fï
jf.a is˙;la ú†yg fï f.dúrd, fï lfâg
°,d ;ukaf.a forg wjYH nvq ál wrka
tk tl is˙;la ú†yg ;shdf.k ysáhd'
ojila fï uqo,d,s fudlo lrkafka fï
f.dúrd,f.a uqrex.d ál lfâ jevg bkak
fldÆjg lsh,d lsr,d n,kjd' tf;dg
;snqfka uqrex.d lsf,da oyhla fjkqjg lsf,da
kjhhs'
fï jevldr fldÆjd fïl lsr,d
uqo,d,sg lshkjd uqo,d,s uqo,d,s fï
f.dúrd, f.kd uqrex.d lsf,da oyh
lsõjg fu;k ;sfhkafka uqrex.d lsf,da
kjhhsfka' fïl wymq uqo,d,sg fyd|gu
flaka;s hkjd' ta ú;rla fkdfjhs fï
yeu∞u uqrex.d /f.k tk f.dúrd,
flfrys f,dl= flaka;shla f,dl= ≥lla fï
uqo,d,sg tkjd' uu fï f.dúrd, flfrys
fldÉpr úYajdihla f.dvk.df.k
;snqko@ uu Tyq f.ak uqrex.d ál lj∞j;a
lsrkafka ke;sj Tyqf.a lSu úYajdi lr,d
uu Tyqg b,a,mq nvq ál ≥kakd fkao lsh,d
f.dvla fõokdfjka l,amkd lrñka isáhd'
y˙ wdhs ojil thsfka' ux w,a,.kakï
lsh,d ys;df.k ojia f.ù .shd'
Tkak wdhs ojil ±ka f.dúrd,f.a
j;af;a uqrex.d ye†,d f.dúrd, f.dvla
i;=áka fï uqrex.d ál lvdf.k
.eg.yf.k lfr® ;shdf.k mhskau tkjd
yx†fha lfâg' weú,a,d uqo,d,s fukak ux
uqrex.d f.kdjd lsh,d' t;fldg uqo,d,s
wykjd y˙ fu;k uqrex.d fldÉpr
;sfhkjdo@ lsf,da oyhla ;sfhkjd
uqo,d,s' y˙ bkakflda lsh,d uqo,d,s fï
f.dúrd,f.a uqrex.d ál lsrkjd' yenehs
;snqfka uqrex.d lsf,da oyh fjkqjg kjhhs'
fïl ±lal .uka uqo,d,sg fyd|gu flaka;s
hkjd' uqo,d,s fï f.dúrd,f.a lïuq,g
.yf.k .yf.k .shd' wfka fï f.dúrd,
fyd|gu .=á ld,d wykj wehs uqo,d,s ux
je/oaola lf<a keye' ux jxpdjla lf<a
keye' ux <Û ;rd†hla keye' ux f.ak fï
uqrex.d ál lsrd.kak uqo,d,s fok iSks
lsf,da tl melÜ tl ;sh,d ;uhs ux fï
uqrex.d ál lsf,da tl .dkg uek,d wrka
tkafka uqo,d,s lsh,d lsõjd'
fïl wymq .uka fï lfâ uqo,d,sg
yoj;g f,dl= fõokdjla ≥lla
we;sjqkd' uu lrmq jxpdj ug lrmq
fndrej kej; ugu ye˙,d wdjdfka'''
lsh,d Tyq me;a;lg .sys,a,d l,amkd
l,d'
fukak fï jf.a ;uhs wfma „ú;;a
wms ldj y˙ /jeÜgqfjd;a ldg y˙
jxpd lf<d;a kej; Tng tal y˙,d
Tn lrd tkjduhs' wr
uqo,d,s iSks lsf,da tl
wvqfjka lsr,d ≥kak
ksid ;uhs" ta fndrej
ta /jàu ta jxpdj
kej; Tyq fj;g ye˙,d
wdfõ' Tn Tfí „ú;fha ldgy˙
fndre fpdaokd lr,d" jxpd lr,d
wksla wh b†˙fha ;ud Y=oaOjka;
hehs fmkajkakg .sfhd;a ta
Tn lrmq jer† ls%hdj wdmiq Tn lrd
ksielju meñfKkjd' ta ksid Tn fndre
fpdaokd lrkak tmd' wksla wh úksYaph
lrkakg hkak tmd' ;ukaf.a ku /l
.kak wksla whj mdjd fokak tmd' ;uka
w; jer† ;ndf.k wksla whg weÛs,a,
†lalrkak yokak tmd' Tn
l=uk ;rd;srul isáh;a
wjxl jkak'
ta jf.au ;uhs Tfí
„ú;fha Tn ldgy˙
hym;la lf<d;a ta hym;
Tng wksjdr®hfhkau kej;
ye˙,d tkjd tkjduhs'
ta ksid Tn „j;ajk fï
flá ld,h ;=< Tn
Tfí „ú;fha° yuqjk
lsisfjl= rjÜgkak tmd'
jxpd lrkak tmd' fndre
fpdaokd t,a, lrkak tmd'
wkqka úksYaph lrkak tmd'
Tn tfia lf<d;a tys
M, úmdlh Tn lrdu
tkjduhs' ljqre Tng jer†
l<d;a" f∞ia lsõj;a" fndre
fpdaokd lr Tfí yg ku
le; l<;a lï ke;' Tng
mSvd lrk kmqr lrk whg
whq;= fpdaokd k.k whg
Tng whq;= f,i úksYaph
lrk whg Tn hym;u
lrkak' thhs foú∫ka Tnf.ka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka'
.re tÉ' m%ikak †,arela msh;=ud
md;sud uE‚hka ug iqjh ÿkakdjhiwjqre≥70blaujQudyDo
frda.hla iE° iqjh ,nd isáfhñ'
fï w;r udf.a nfâ fõokdjla iE°
fnfy;a.;sñ'tfy;a†.ska†.gufõokdj
wvqfkdùmj;skksid"udygm%;sldrl<
ffjoHjrhdmejiqfõúfYaIffjoHjrfhl=
yuqjkf,ih'fïwkqjudúfYaI
ffjoHjrfhl=yuqùñ'udf.afrda.,CIweiQ
tuffjoHjrhdf,aiyuq;%dm¯CIdjlalrf.k
kej; meñfKk f,i ±kajQfhñ' miqj tu
m¯CIKjdr®;dj/f.k.shúgthm¯CIdl,
tuffjoHjrhdudygmejiqfõudf.aY¯rh
;=< tla;rd wjhjhl ms<sldjla jr®Okh
fõf.k tk njhs'
fuh weiQúg ud ;e;s.;a nj jgyd.;a
Tyq mejiqfõ Nhjkakg ldrKdjla
fkdue;s nj;a'''' w∞< fldgi
Y,Hlr®uhla u.ska bj;a ls¯fuka
miqj iqjjk nj;ah' fuys° ud yg
u;la jQfha óg fmr udyg Y,Hlr®uhla l<
wjia:dfõ°''' tu ffjoHjreka ud yg mjid
;snqfka''' kej; ud yg Y,Hlr®uhla ls¯ug
is≥jqjfyd;a isyske;s ls¯u kqiq≥iq njh' fuh ud
fuu ffjoHjrhdg mejiQúg ffjoH;=ud mejiqfõ
ìh úh hq;= ke;s nj;a" isyske;s ls¯ulska f;drj
Y,Hlr®uh is≥l< yels nj;ah'
t†k ksjig meñ◊ ud wm
.%dufha ;sfnk zwdYapr®hj;a md;sudZ
foajud;djkaf.a uxvmhg f.dia cmud,h
Tmamq lrñka udf.a Y,Hlr®uh md;sud
foajud;djkag Ndr lf<ñ' kshñ; †k
frday,g ud we;=,a jQ w;r Y,Hd.drhg
ud /f.k hk úg ud is;ska cmud,h
WÉpdrKh lf<ñ' tys° ffjoHjreka
yd fy†hka udj ffOr®hu;a lf<ñ'
Y,Hlr®ufhka miqj mshú isysh ,oúg
fõokdjla ±kqk;a ud foaj wïudg ia;+;s
lf<ñ' miq†ku ud ksjig meñ◊ w;r
fl,skau wdYapr®hj;a md;sud uxvmh fj; .sh ud
t;=ñhg ia;+;s lf<ñ' fï jk úg ud iqjh ,nd
isáñ' md;sud uE◊hks Tn ;=ñhg ia;+;shs' ia;+;shs'
fuh lshuk Tn;a cmud,h ;=<ska foaj wïudj
yuqjkak'
iaàjka m%kdka≥
is; ojk.egΩ
kekaoïud f,a,s .egqu
fya;=jla lr .; hq;=o@
újdyhla lvdlmam,alr .ekSug
jirlgwvqld,hlskamiq;ukaf.a
újdyh †lalidohlska fl<jr
jQ ;du;a ;reKúfha miqjk lf;da,sl
;reKfhl= isú,a †lalidofhka miq"
lf;da,sliNdújdywêlrKhb†˙fha
fmkS isáfha" foaj m%ido ksOdkd;aul ;u
újdyh" lf;da,sl iNd kS;s m%ldr wkqjo
wfydaiske;akïY=kHlrKhlr.ekSu
i|ydh'
t†k mej;s uQ,sl idlÉPd jgfha°
wêlrKh ndr msh;=ud yd fï ;reKhd
w;r mej;s ixjdofha wjidkh jQfha
fufiah'
msh;=ud ( Tnf.a újdyh lvdlmam,a ùug
uQ,sl fya;=j fudllao@
;reKhd ( wfma wïud
msh;=ud ( Tnj ye¥ jevQ wïud wehs Tnf.a
újdyh lvdlmam,a lf<a@
;reKhd ( msh;=fuks" tal ug;a f;afrkafk
keye' wïud ys;du;d tfia
l,dhehs uu lshkafk keye'
kuq;a fjÉp foa .ek idOdrKj
n,oa° ug nh ke;=j lshkak
mqΩjka wïu ksid ;uhs uu wo
;kslvfhla jqfKa lsh,'
fï kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r we;s jQ
u;fNaoh ksid lvdlmam,a jQ tla újdyhl
fYdaldka;hhs' wo fndfyda újdyhka
wjidkfha †lalidoh u.ska wjidk ùu
i|yd n,mdk fndfyda lreKq w;˙ka
kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r m%Yakho uq,a
;ekla .kS' ±ka ±ka th ;j;a ixlSr®K
fjñka iuyr wjia:dj,° kekaoïud ksid
muKla fkdj" uduKaäh yd f,a,sh w;r
fyda nEKd w;r we;sjk .egqï ksid o
újdy m%Yak we;sùfï m%jk;djhla ±l.;
yel' fláfhka lsjfyd;a" foudmshkaf.a
wkjYH weÛs,s .eiSï yd n,mEï ksid wo
újdy „ú;hg whym;a n,mEï lrk tla
idOlhla ù we;' foudmsh u.fmkaùï" /
ljrKh yd wdorh ueoafoa f.dvke.sh hq;=
mjq,a „ú;hg whym;a n,mEï we;sjkafka
foudmshkaf.kau kï th fl;rï
wjdikdjka; ;;a;ajhlao@
fuu m%Yakh foi fndfyda me;slvj,ska
n,d ú.%yhl fh†h yels jqj;a" wm fuu
,smsh u.ska kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r
u;fNao .ek fláfhka ye¯ n,kakg
W;aidy lruq' fï m%Yakh b;sydifha
fndfyda wE;g †j hkakls' újdyfha°
is≥jkafka fuf;la l,a ;ukaf.a „ú;fhau
fldgila njg m;aj ;snQ b;d n,iïmkak
ldka;d p˙;h jQ wïud fjkqjg thg jvd
n,iïmkak in|;djhlska ieñhd ;u
ì˙| yd iïnkaOùuh' újdyfhka miq Tyq
iïmQr®Kfhkau ;u ì˙|g ;ukaj ∞kh
ls¯ug is≥úh hq;=h' fï .ek i|yka lrk
ls%ia;=ia jykafiau wmg lshd isáfha" §ta
ksid ñksfil= ;u mshdo uj o w;ayer ish
Ndr®hdjg weÆï jk nj;a" tlaflfkl=
jk nj;a foúhka jykafia j∞< fial'
fufia Tjqka tjla mgka fofofkl= fkdj
tlaflfkla fj;s¶hs lshdh' ^uf;õ 19(5-6&
fukak fï w;ayer ±óu yd weÆïùu
ksid kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r >Ügkh
yg.kakd nj wmg b;d meye†,sh' fuu
fjkaùu
ke;fyd;a
w;ayer
±óu wka
lsisfjl=g
jvd ord.;
fkdyelafla
yd bjid
.;
fkdyelafla
wïu,dgh'
;udj tla
wdldrhlska
w;ayer
±óulg;a jvd m%;slafIam
l<d hk yeÛSu wïud
;=< we;sjkafka" újdyh
ojfiau" fuf;la f.or
yeu fokdf.au wjOdkh yd
fufyhùu ysñlr f.k isá
wïudg th t∞ wysñùu;a
iu.uh' újdyh ∞ uq,a;ek
fokafk;a" ldf.a;a wjOdkh
fhduq jkafka;a mjq,g
wΩ;ska we;=ΩjQ kj;u
idud‚ldj jk f,a,shgh'
wka yeu fofkl=gu jvd
;ukaf.a mq;d" ;ukag jvd
wjOdkh f,a,sh fj; fhduq
fjoa° th ishqï Br®IHdjla iu. fõokdjla
njg m;aùu idudkH fohls' flfkl=g
;ukaf.a wïud ;ukaf.a „ú;hg fjk
lsisu flfkl=f.ka wdfoaY lr.; fkdyels
jqj;a" újdyh;a iu. ì˙| wïudf.a ;ekg
jvd n,.;= f,i wdfoaY ùu we;af;kau
>Ügkhg fya;=jla úh hq;=uh' tu ksid
;ukaj hï wdldrhl m%;slafIam ùfï
ta yeÛSu m%ldY lrkafka thg fya;=j jQ
f,a,sh ;=<skah'
fu;=jla l,a wïudf.ka jQ ldr®hNdrh yd
iuyr hq;=lï ±ka kj ì˙| úiska bfíu
mjrd .kq ,noa°" wka lsisjlg jvd wïudf.a
wdorh l%u l%ufhka ì˙|f.a wdorhg wdfoaY
fjoa°" iïnkaO;d w;r hï wdldrhl
jHdl+,njla we;sùu idudkH fohls' ukao
jir .Kkla mej;S f.k mjqf,a ldr®h
Ndrhka yd yqreù ;snQ ta mjq,gu wdfõksl
.;s mej;=ï ±ka fï újdy fudfydf;a isg
úYd, m˙jr®;khlg fhduq fõ'
fuys° fláfhka kekaoïu,dg †h yels
wjjdoh kï" ±ka ;ukaf.a mq;d" ;u
Tfvdlal=fõ yqr;,a jQ pQá mq;d fkdj" Tyq
±ka ;u f,a,shf.a ieñhdh' tu ksid Tyq
±ka „ú;fha kj wdrïNhla lrd .uka
lrk jeäysáfhls' tu ksid fï újdyh
i;=áka yd iud∞kfhka mj;ajdf.khñka
foúhka jykafia úiska we;slrk ,o fï
újdyh wjidkh olajd mj;ajdf.k hEug
kï Tyq wka lsisfjl=g jvd ;u ì˙|g
weΩï úh hq;= nj weh ms<s.; hq;=h'
tfiau mq;d yd f,a,sh;a yeu úgu ;u
foudmshka foúhka jykafia jykafiaf.
ka Tjqkag ,enqk °ukdjka yd wdYsr®jdohka
f,i ms<sf.k" Tjqkaf.a ta wdorh" m%«j
yd †˙.ekaùï ueo Tjqkag .re lrñka ;u
újdy „ú;h .; ls¯ug wêIaGdk lr.;
hq;=h'
wms ±ka fï m%Yakh ksrdlrKh lr
.ekSfuys,d úYd, ldr®h Ndrhla bgq l,
yels f,a,sh fj; yefrkakg W;aidy lruq'
fuu kekaoïud yd f,a,sh w;r .egqug
fyd|u tla ms<shula f,i" f,a,sh ;ukaf.a
iSudjka b;d meye†,sj ksr®Kh lr .ekSu
b;d jeo.;ah' tu iSudjka úêu;a f,i"
ndysrfhka m%ldY fldg ls%hd;aul lrk
foaj,a fkdj" wúêu;a yd ks, fkdjk
wdldrfhka ls%hd;aul l< hq;=h' tkï
;u kekaoïud iu. ;u woyia yd m%Yak
.egΩ j,° fn∞ .kafka fudkj∞" fn∞
fkd.kafka fudkjo hkak ;SrKh ls¯u
.egΩld¯ wjia:djkays° ls%hd;aul l<
hq;= tla Wml%uhls' ld,h" fõ,dj" ;SrK
.ekSu jeks t†fk∞ „ú;fha fndfyda
wjia:djka i|yd yels whq˙ka f.or iduhg
yd ffoksl ‚ú;hg ndOd fkdjk whq˙ka
hï hï iSudjka ;uka úiskau mjrdf.k"
hï úkhlska yd ixhulska lghq;= ls¯fuka
fujeks fndfyda m%Yak úi|d .; yel'
fï m%Yakh fndfyda úg W.%jkafka" lsisu
iSudj,a fyda fj,djla fkdue;sj bnd.df;a
lghq;= ls¯ug W;aidy ls¯u ksidh'
tfiau .egΩld¯ wjia:djl°"
;u kekaoïud iu. we;s Ñ;a;fõ.S
in|;djfhka ;udu ñ°ug W;aidy ls¯uo
;j;a Wml%uhla f,i y∫kajd †h yel'
tkï wehg ;uka wïudg fuka ie,lsh
hq;= jQj;a weh ;ukaf.a wïud fkdfõ' ukao
;ukaf.a wïudf.ka hï wia:dk fpdaokdjla
t,a,fjoa° th ord .ekSug wmyiqh' kuq;a
fuys° f,a,sh kekaoïud uf.a fkdj
uf.a ieñhdf.a uj f,i we;=,dka;fhka
ms<sf.k ta wkqj lghq;= l<fyd;a we;súh
yels Ñ;a;fõ.S wd;;sfhka ñ†h yel'
f,a,sh ;u .egΩjg ke;fyd;a
u;=fNaold¯ ;;ajhg uq,ajk fya;=j ndysr
yeis¯ï rgdjka u.ska fkdj we;=,dka;fhka
f;areï .ekSug W;aidy ls¯uo b;d
jeo.;afõ'
idudkHfhka újdyhlska miq ;ukaf.a
ieñhdf.a mjqf,a whj ;ukaf.au mjqf,a
wh f,i ie,lSu újdyl ldka;djlf.a
hq;=luhs' idudkHfhka ieñhdf.a mshdg yd
ujg weh wduka;%Kh lrkafka ;ukaf.au
wïudg yd ;d;a;dg fukauh' kuq;a fujeks
wr®nqold¯ wjia:dj,°" ldf.aj;a ys;
fkd˙fok wdldrfhka ;rula udkislj
yd Yd¯˙lj;a ;rula wE;aùu fndfyda úg
Wmld¯úh yel'
flfia fj;;a foudmshka újdyl hqj<lg
wdYsr®jdohls' Tjqkaf.a fifkyi" m%«j
yd †˙.ekaùu mjq,a „ú;h mj;ajdf.k
hEug orejkg buy;a msgqjy,la úh yel'
mjq,l yeu flfklau ;ukaf.a iSudjka
fudkjd±hs lshd fyd¢ka wjfndaO lrf.k
lghq;= lrhs kï" yeu .egΩjlgu
hdÉ∆fjka yd Ndjkdfjka ms<s;=re fidhhs
kï udkqIsl m%Yak wmg fndfyda ≥rg úi|d
.; yel'
w.ro.=re moú újdy wêlrK kdysñ
w;s.re m%ekaisia ksla,ia fiakdkdhl msh;=ud
uqrex.d l;djlska mdvula
hlv fnda, 9la
≥la ú¢k
;reKfhlaYÍrh ;=< r|jdf.k
dkdr®:
m%°mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
dkd¾:
m%§mhwdrïNh ( 1866 cQks 07
YS% ,xldfõ m<jk bme/◊u isxy, mqj;am;
ls%ia;= jr®I 2020 la jQ wf.daia;= ui 23 jeksod b˙∞ 155 fjΩu 12 l,n i;sm;d m;%h - msgq 24 - ñ, re' 50'00 mqj;am;la f,i ,shdm†xÑ lrk ,†' QD/75/NEWS/2020
mdial= b˙Ø urdf.k uefrk m%ydrhg ,lajq lgqjdmsáh foõ ue≥rg ckdêm;s úur®Yk fldñiu meñfKa
bl=;a jifr® mdial= bre†k urdf.k uefrk
fndaïnm%ydrhkais≥lrksrdhqOwysxilhka
>d;khls¯fïisoaêhgwØ<jlreKqfidhdn,k
ckdêm;súur®Ykfldñiumdial=b˙Øurdf.k
uefrkfndaïnm%ydrhlat,a,jQlgqjdmsáhidka;
finia;shkafoõue≥fr®ks¯CIKpd˙ldjlwf.daia;=
15jeksØksr;úh'
2019 wfm%a,a 21 mdial= bre†k is≥jQ fï fndaïn m%ydrh
ms<sn|j fidhd n,k ckdêm;s úur®Yk fldñiu
lgqjdmsáh id' finia;shka foõue≥r ks¯CIKh ls¯ug
uq,ajrg t†k meñ◊ w;r fldñifï iNdm;s úksiqre
;=uka m%uqL idud‚l úksiqre uvq,a, t†k fm'j' 11 g
muK tys meñK mqrd meh follg wêl ld,hla tys
.; lr we;ehs jdr®;d fõ'
fï ld,h ;=<° lgqjdmsáh óiï fiajl .re uxcq, ksfrdaIka msh;=ud uqK.eiS f;dr;=re idlÉPd l< w;r úkdYhg m;ajq foõue≥fr® m%;sixialrKh l< ia:dk fukau fndaïn m%ydrhkaf.ka ñh.sh whf.a kï igyka ler we;s kdu mqjrejo úksilre lxvdhfï úfYaI ks¯CIKhg ,lajq neõ mejfia' fï foõue∫rg t,a,jq urdf.k uefrk fndaïn m%ydrfhka 170 lg wêl ms˙ila >d;kh le˙K'
mqrd meh follg wêl ld,hla ;siafia ks¯CIK lghq;= is≥ lr;s
Y;jr®I.Kkdjla;siafiawmrfÜúúOwdmØ"Wj≥rej,°wmf.amsysggmeñ◊fhafoajud;djka
jykafiah'fldfrdakdjix.;hksidf,dalfham%:uiy†hqKqhehsiïu;rgj,aj,†km;d
oyia.Kkskañhhoa°wmf.argtuWj≥˙kafí¯we;af;at;=ñhf.aue†y;aluksidh'uykqjr
ro.=rew;sW;=ïúhdksm%kdka≥ysñmdKkatuwoyiaf.kyer±lajQfhamiq.shØmej;sureouvq
isoaOia:dkfham%Odkux.,uyd†jHmQcdhd.fhafoaYkhis≥lrñks'
øúv niska foaYkh ukakdru ro.=re w;s W;=ï tïudkqfj,a m%kdka≥ ysñmdKka is≥l< w;r
wkqrdOmqrh ro.=re w;sW;=ï fkdanÜ wkaød† ks'u'ks' iu. .d,a, ro.=re w;s W;=ï fr®ukaâ úl%uisxy
ysñmdfKda fï †jH mQcd hd.h is≥ls¯ug yjq,a jQy' †jH mQcd hd.fhka miqj wdYapr®hj;a ureo
uvq ud;djkaf.a m%;sudj /f.k foõue≥r jgd ù† hduo is≥jq w;r miqj m%;sudfjka ie±yej;=ka
wdis˙ .ekaùuo is≥úh' ukakdru moúfha .re mshjreka yd meú† fidfydhqre fidfydhq˙hka iuÛ
fld<U yd fjk;a moú j,ska meñK isá .re msh;=uka,d o fuu †jH mQcd hd.hg iyNd.s jQ w;r
rfÜ mj;sk jix.; ;;a;ajh yuqfõ fjk jirj,° fuu wf.daia;= 15 m%Odk ux.,Hhg iyNd.s
jk w;s úYd, ie±yej;=ka ms˙i fujr iyNd.s fkdjq w;r iSñ; ne;su;=ka ms˙ila muKla fuu
ux.,Hhg tlaù isáhy'
fldfrdakd jix.;fhka wm rg .e,jqfKa foajud;djka jykafiaf.a ue†y;a lu ksihs ∑ uykqjr ro.=re ysñmdfKda uvq isoaOia:dkfha° mji;s
rd.u f;aj;a; ,xld wm iajdñ≥jf.a
cd;sl neis,sld isoaOia:dkfha frda.Ska
wdis˙.ekaùfïfufyhwf.daia;=30bre†k
iji3'00gfld<Uw.ro.=rew;sW;=ïue,alï
ld†k,a rx‚;a ysñmdKkaf.a m%Ok;ajfhka
meje;aùugishÆlghq;=ms<sfh,lrwe;ehs
isoaOia:dk m˙md,l .re úlagr® chudkak
msh;=ud mejiSh'
zz,xld wm iajdñ≥jfka f,dj mqrd
me;sr hk jix.;fhka wm foaYho"
f,djo" wdrlaIdlr ≥k uekj'ZZ fujr úfYaI f;audjhs' tla óiulska
frda.Ska 05 fofkl=g muKla frda.Ska i|yd fjka lr we;s úfYaI ia:dkhg
we;=<;a lr .kq ,nk w;r Tjqka óiï fiajl .re msh;=udf.a w;aik iys;
m%fõY m;%hla ,ndf.k meñ◊h hq;=h' úfYaI wjia:dj,° Wmia:dhlhl=
wjYH jkafka kï frda.shd iu. we;=<;a lr .kakd w;r msh;=udgo ta nj
±kaúh hq;=h' fiiq ie±yej;=ka lKavdhï jYfhka meñfKkafka kï ku"
,smskh yd cd'ye'm' wxlh iu. f,aLkhla ms<sfh, lrf.k meñ◊h hq;=h'
tu f,aLkh m%fõY jk ia:dkfha° ks,Od¯kag Ndr †h hq;=h' wf.daia;= 26" 27"
28" hk †kj, iqØkï ùfï kqjdk meje;afõ' fuhg iyNd.S jk ishÆ fokd
ksfrdaOdhk fi!LH kS;s¯;s j,g .re lrñka w;afidaØ mú;% ùu" ≥ria: Ndjh yd uqL
wdjrK me<| meñ”u wksjdr®hh fõ' wf.daia;= 30 jk †k fm'j 6'00 g" 8'00 g"
10'00 g" neis,sld foajia:dkh wNshi †jH mQcdj meje;afjk w;r iji 5'00 g
¨r®≥ foõue≥fr®° †jH mQcdjla is≥flfr®' iEu †jH mQcdjla wjidkfha° frda.Ska
wdis˙ .ekaùu fujr úfYaI;ajhls' fujr isoaOia:dk N+ñfha l=vdrï .eiSug fyd
fjf<| l=á mj;ajdf.k hdug wjir fokq fkd,efí' fujro fld<U w.ro.=re
moú iyhl ro.=re ysñmdKka" l,dmSh kdysñmdKka we;=Æ mQcl mej† ms˙i fï
i|yd iyNd.S ùug kshñ;h' iS' wdr®' älaika wekagks
f;aj;a; frda.Ska wdis˙ .ekaùfï ux.,Hh wf.daia;= 30 jeksØ
à' iqks,a m%kdka≥ $ frdIdka m%°ma
.,aj, kj foõue`≥rg uq,a.,a ;nhs lgdkóifï.,aj,.%dufhaw`M;ska
b†jkY=oaOjqcqâ;foajqiauqks∫kaf.a
kjfoõue≥rguq,a.,a;eîuiS≥jid'
f;dauiacd;Hka;rú≥y,awOCI.re
flkä fmfr®rd msh;=udf.a m%Odk;ajfhka
is≥le˙K'y,afma"lgdkóiïfiajl
ydlgdk†idkdhl.rerùkai|is˙
msh;=ukaf.auÛfmkaùuydwkqYdikd
u;W;aijhixúOdkhlr;sì◊'
Y=oaOdikix.ïwOHCI.reneis,a
frdydka" w.ro.=re moú mQcl iqnidOkh
Ndrw;s.remeÜ˙lafmfr®rd"ó.uqj
l,dmShkdysñw;s.reisiajdkaolDDiamsh;=uka,df.am%Odk;ajfhkalghq;=is≥úh'
fïwjia:djglgdkmdjq`Mmdmaú≥yf,aw†hqre.rewekagkawrefkdaoa"lgdkiyhl
.rem%shor®Ykwe;=`MmQclmeú†fidfydhqrefidfydhq˙hkao"óiïjdiSck;djoúYd,
ms˙ilaiyNd.SjQy' frdnÜ m%kdka≥
l=vd ls;=kq ix> wrUd úis mia jirla .;fõ
Y%S,xldfõl=vdls;=kqix>cd;sluÜgñkawdrïNlrjir^25&úismylams¯uksñ;slrf.kl=reKE.,moúfhaiEufoajia:dkhlul=vdls;=kqix>hkaysm%.;shiñlaIK
m%Yakdj,shlau.ska,nd.ekSugY%S,xldlf;da,slro.=reiïfï,kfhaOr®u¥;lghq;=ms<sn|
iNdm;s we;=.,amqr ro.=re w;s W;=ï yer,aâ weka;ks fmfr®rd ysñmdKkaf.a uQ,sl;ajfhka
lghq;=fhd∞we;'
Y%S ,xld ro.=re uxv,h 2021 jir l=vd ls;=kq ix> jir f,i kï lS¯ug ;SrKh
lr we;s w;r ta jir uq,a lrf.k úêu;aj ie,iqï ilidf.k iyNd.sYS,s iNdjla moúh
;=, Yla;su;aj f.dvk.d .ekSug moú l=vd ls;=kq ix> wOHCI iy Or®u∞ksh jir
iïnkaëldrl .re ,hk,a m%kdka≥ msh;=udf.a uQ,sl;ajfhka lghq;= fhd∞ we;'
ksu,a ta' w,afï∞