Written by: Diana Antonucci

IntroductionIntroduction

• Ser• Estar

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Table of Contents

I. Vocabulary and English parts of speech review

II. Uses of ser• Permanent things: names, basic

characteristics, time and date, origin and nationality, professions

III. Uses of estar• Temporary things: physical conditions,

locations, emotional conditions

IV. Comparison and conjugations

Official Spanish Speaking CountriesOfficial Spanish Speaking CountriesOfficial Spanish Speaking CountriesOfficial Spanish Speaking Countries

Spanish English

abierta open

el asistente the assistant

el baño the bathroom

cansado tired

la casa the house

VocabularyVocabulary

VocabularyVocabulary

Spanish English

el concierto the concert

los elefantes the elephants

enfermo sick

fría cold

furioso furious

VocabularyVocabulary

Spanish English

el jefe the boss

julio July

el libro the book

lunes Monday

mañana tomorrow

VocabularyVocabulary

Spanish English

el médico the doctor

la puerta the door

la sopa the soup

la tienda the store

la ventana the window

• Ser and Estar: Spanish verbs for “to be”

SerSer and and EstarEstarSerSer and and EstarEstar

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To Be…To Be…

I am we are

you are you-all are

he/she is they are

Parts of Speech Review: NounsParts of Speech Review: NounsParts of Speech Review: NounsParts of Speech Review: Nouns

• Noun

• Person, place, thing, or idea

• Example: Connor is going to Sandusky to ride the rollercoaster.

• Verb

• Indicates action

• Example: Courtney reads books to the children.

Parts of Speech Review: VerbsParts of Speech Review: VerbsParts of Speech Review: VerbsParts of Speech Review: Verbs

• Adjective

• Modifies a noun

• Descriptive words

• Example: Casey picked out a blue dress to wear to the dance.

Parts of Speech Review: AdjectivesParts of Speech Review: AdjectivesParts of Speech Review: AdjectivesParts of Speech Review: Adjectives

AdjectivesAdjectives

• “To be” followed by adjective: verb can change meaning of adjective

Adjectives ExampleAdjectives ExampleAdjectives ExampleAdjectives Example• El profesor está

aburrido.(The professor is bored.)

• El profesor es aburrido. (The professor is boring.)

Adjective Guidelines:Adjective Guidelines:

• Verb “to be” followed by adjective: verb used depends upon meaning

Adjective Guidelines: Adjective Guidelines:

• Referring to essential characteristic: ser

• Referring to a state or condition: estar

Referring to ExampleReferring to Example• La sopa está fría.

The soup is cold.

• Los elefantes son grandes.The elephants are big.

When to Use…When to Use…

• If talking about how something is: estar

• If talking about what something is: ser

What… How…

• Ser address essential

• Ser is irregular

SerSer: Essential Quality: Essential QualitySerSer: Essential Quality: Essential Quality

Ser Conjugated FormSer Conjugated Form

soy somos

eres sois

es son

Use Ser for …Use Ser for …

• Permanent things– Names– Basic characteristics– Time and date– Origin and nationality– Professions

Video ClipVideo Clip

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NamesNames

• Use ser when introducing yourself

• Example:– Yo soy María.– Yo soy Pablo.

Basic CharacteristicsBasic Characteristics

• Describing a noun

• Description does not change in some cases

• Example: - She is Mexican.

- He is American.

Basic CharacteristicsBasic CharacteristicsBasic CharacteristicsBasic Characteristics

• Change can be gradual

• Example: Ana es joven. (Ana is young.)

Time and DateTime and Date

• Express time, dates, days of the  week

• Example:

– 1. Son las cinco. (It is 5:00.)

– 2. Es el cuatro de julio. (It is the 4th of July.)

– 3. Es lunes. (It is Monday.)

Video ClipVideo Clip

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Origin and NationalityOrigin and Nationality

• Show origin

– Example:Él es de Cuba.(He is from Cuba.)

• Show of what something is made

– Example:La camisa es de seda.(The shirt is made of silk.)

OwnershipOwnership

• To show possession

• Example:El libro es de Miguel.(The book is Miguel’s.)

Professions VideoProfessions Video

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Estar: ConditionsEstar: Conditions

• To address condition: estar

• Estar is an irregular verb

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Estar Conjugated FormEstar Conjugated Form

estoy estamos

estás estáis

está están

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Use Estar for …Use Estar for …

• Temporary things– Temporary physical conditions– Location– Temporary emotional

conditions

VideoVideo

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LocationLocation

• To express location/position

Location/PositionLocation/Position

• Yo estoy en la tienda. (I am in the store.)

• Ella está conmigo. (She is with me.)

• Madrid está en España. (Madrid is in Spain.)

Location VideoLocation Video

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Temporary ConditionsTemporary Conditions• To describe a TEMPORARY condition

or feeling of a person or thing

Temporary Condition or FeelingTemporary Condition or Feeling

• Tú estás enfermo. (You are sick.)

• La puerta está cerrada. (The door is closed.)

• Luis está cansado. (Luis is tired.)

• La ventana está abierta. (The window is open.)

Comparing Ser & EstarComparing Ser & Estar

• Describing origin: ser

• Describing location: estar

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ser

ser

estar

Origin and LocationOrigin and Location

• Mónica es de España. (origin)

• Mónica está en Venezuela. (location)

• La fiesta es en la casa de Mónica. (taking place)

Ser & Estar ReviewSer & Estar Review

• Ser is used for:– Names– Basic characteristics– Time and date– Origin and

nationality– Professions

SerEstar

• Estar is used for:- Temporary physical

conditions- Location- Temporary emotional

conditions

PracticePractice1. He is bored.

A) Él es aburrido. B) Él está aburrido.

2. He is boring.

A) Él es aburrido. B) Él está aburrido.

Practice AnswersPractice Answers

1. B) Él está aburrido.

2. A) Él es aburrido.

Practice Questions: Ser & EstarPractice Questions: Ser & Estar

1. Diego (es, está) de Madrid pero ahora (es, está) estudiando en Salamanca.

2. El jefe (es, está) furioso porque su asistente (es, está) muy desorganizado hoy.

3. El concierto va a (ser, estar) mañana. Los músicos (son, están) peruanos.

Ser & Estar AnswersSer & Estar Answers

1) es, está

2) está, está

3) ser, son

Practice Questions Practice Questions

1) Yo _________ estudiante.

2) Ella __________ en el baño.

3) Nosotras no _______de Cuba.

4) Tú _________ médico.

5) Alba no _________tonta.

Ser and Estar AnswersSer and Estar Answers

1) Yo _ soysoy ____ estudiante.

2) Ella __ estáestá __ en el baño.

3) Nosotras no _ somossomos ____de Cuba.

4) Tú _ ereseres __ médico.

5) Alba no __eses ___tonta.

Ser SingularSer Singular

yo soy - I am 

tú eres - you are

Ud. es - you are (formal)

él es - he is

ella es - she is

Estar SingularEstar Singular

yo estoy - I am

tú estás - you are

Ud. está - you are (formal)

él está - he is

ella está - she is

SerSer Plural PluralSerSer Plural Plural

nosotros/as somos - we are

vosotros/as sois - you all are

Uds. son - you all are

ellos son - they are

ellas son - they are

EstarEstar Plural PluralEstarEstar Plural Plural

nosotros/as estamos - we are

vosotros/as estáis - you all are

Uds. están - you all are

ellos están - they are

ellas están - they are

• Ser and Estar

• Refer and review

Final ThoughtsFinal ThoughtsFinal ThoughtsFinal Thoughts

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