Writing and Publishing Manuscript:Steps To Follow
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Transcript of Writing and Publishing Manuscript:Steps To Follow
Publication Process
Pre-writing: Step 1• Identify the target journal• Read authors instructions
Writings: Step 2• Follow ICMJE guidelines for
content development• Writings and reviewing• Format the manuscript as
per the journal guideline
Publishing: Step3• Pre-submission checklist• Manuscript tracking
Identifying Target Journal
• Identifying a target journal is a pre-requisite for manuscripts• Selection of journal is based on
– Scope of the journal– Target audience of the journal– Types of articles published– Open access option– Impact factor– Journal indexing– Acceptance rate– Frequency of publication
Reading Author’s Instructions
• Ethical guidelines• Authorship criteria• Conflict of interest• Copy rights• Review process• Manuscript preparation (formatting as per ICMJE guidelines)• Submission procedure
Writing Title Page• Article title: Precise and informative title with study design can provide
description of the full article• Author information: Authors complete information with affiliations and full
contact details should be provided and also should mark the Corresponding author • Sources of financial support: Grants, equipment, drugs, and/or other support
that facilitated to conduct the research work• Word count: Word count excluding abstract, acknowledgments, tables, figure
legends, and references • Number of tables and figures: Specifications on number of tables and figures
are also required
Writing Abstract
• Summary of the main text in the article• Original research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses require structured
abstracts (i.e. should follow IMRAD format)• Key information about the background, purpose and main findings along
with the conclusion of the study• Should be understandable and informative but not too detailed
Writing Introduction
• Background for the study i.e., the nature of the problem and its significance• Highlight the unmet needs and rationale for conducting the study• State the specific purpose or research objective of, or hypothesis tested • Cite recent and only directly relevant references • Do not include data values or conclusions from the work being reported
Writing Methods• Study design: Clearly mention about the type of study, how and why a study
was done in a particular way• Selection and description of participants: Describe selection of
participants (must include eligibility and exclusion criteria)• Study endpoints: Specify study’s main and secondary objectives• Statistics: Must be described in detail so that a person can judge its
appropriateness for the study and verify the reported results– Avoid relying completely on statistical hypothesis testing, such as p-values,
as they do not convey important information about effect size and precision of estimates
Writing Results
• Presentation of results in logical sequence in text, tables, and figures,• Give the key or most important findings first• Do not repeat all the data in the tables or figures in the text• Include data on all primary and secondary outcomes identified in the
methods section• Additional information related to methods and/or results can be included in
the supplementary material
Writing Discussion and Conclusion
• Discussion should begin with brief summary of the main findings and possible explanation of these findings
• Specify the novelty and important aspect of study • Avoid repetition of data or other information which is already mentioned in
the article• Strength and limitations of the study must be addressed• Conclusion should highlight the significant findings of the study and indicate
possible improvement with future studies• Should end with clear and concise “take home message”
Writing References
• Provide direct references of original research articles • References of review articles are good way of guiding readers to body of
literature but they do not always reflect original work accurately • Conferences abstract should not be used as references• References of paper accepted or not yet published should be marked as “in
press” or “forthcoming”• Manuscript submitted but not published should be referred as “unpublished
observation” with written permission from source
Making Tables
• Displays information concisely and efficiently• Possibly reduces the length of text• Each table should be numbered consecutively in the order of their first
citation in the text and should have a title• Title of table should be short, self-explanatory and informative enough to
allow reader to understand table’s content without going back to text• Each column should have short and abbreviated heading• Explanatory matters should be kept in footnotes (e.g. nonstandard
abbreviations, symbols to explain information etc)
Adding Illustrations (Figures)
• Digital images must be in suitable format for print publication• Figures must be either professionally drawn and photographed or submitted
as photographic-quality digital prints • Should be self explanatory• Photomicrographs should have internal scale markers• Symbols, arrows, or letters used in photomicrographs should contrast with
the background
Publishing Manuscript
• Pre-submission checklist– List of authors with their affiliations– Cover letter– Manuscript file– Figures file– Table file– Conflict of interest form– Signed author disclosure form – Supplementary materials
• Submission process in journal– Selection of article type– Enter the title of the manuscript– Add authors’ name– Submit abstract– Enter keywords– Add attachments (manuscript,
tables, figures, conflict of interest, other relevant file)
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