Wq Standards
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Transcript of Wq Standards
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SOME OF THE RELEVANT STANDARDS
INDIAN STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRINKING WATER
IS : 10500 - 1983
S.No. Substance or
Characteristics
Requirement
Desirable
Limit
Undesirable Effect
Outside the
Desirable Limit
Desirable/
Essential
Remarks
i) Colour, Hazen
Units, Max.
Above 10 Essential May be extended
to 50 only if
toxic substancesare not suspected
in absence of
alternative
sources.ii) Odour Objectionable -- Essential a) Test cold and
when
heated.b) Test at several
dilutions.
iii) Taste Agreeable -- Essential Test to be
conducted onlyafter safety has
been established.
iv) Turbidity, NTU,Max. 10 Above 10, Consumer acceptance decreases. Essential May be extendedupto 25, inabsence of
alternative
sources.
v) pH Value 6.5 to 8.5 Beyond this range thewater will affect the
mucous membrane
and/or water supply
ssytem.
Essential May be relaxedupto 9.2 in
absence of
alternative
sources.
vi) Total Hardness
(As CaCO3) mg/lMax.
300 Encrustation in water
supply structure andadverse effects on
domestic use.
Essential May be extended
upto 600 in theabsence of other
sources.
vii) Calcium (As Ca),
mg/l, Max.
75 Encrustation in water
supply structure and
adverse efffects on
domestic use.
Desirable May be extended
upto 200, in the
absence of other
sources.
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viii) Magnesium (as
Mg), mg/l, Max.
30 Encrusation in water
supply structure and
adverse effects ondomestic use.
Desirable May be extended
upto 100, in the
absence of othersources.
ix) Copper (As Cu),
mg/l, Max.
0.05 Astringent taste, dis-
colouration andcorrosion of pipes
fittings and utensils
will be caused beyond
this.
Desirable May be relaxed
upto 1.5.
x) Iron (As Fe),mg/l, Max.
0.3 Beyond this limittaste/appearance are
affected & has
adverse effect ondomestic uses and
water structures, and
promotes iron becteria
Essential May be extendedupto 1.0 in
absence of
alternativesources.
xi) Manganese (AsMn), mg/l, Max.
0.1 Beyond this limit,taste/appearance are
affected on domestic
uses and water supplystructure.
Desirable May be extendedup to 0.5 where
alternate source
is not available.
xii) Sulphate (As
SO4), mg/l, Max.
250 Beyond this causes
gastrointestinal
irrigation whenmagnesium of sodium
are present .
Essential May be extended
up to 400
providedmagnesium (as
Mg) does notexceed 30.
xiii) Chloride (As Cl),mg/l, Max.
250 Beyond this limit,taste, corrosion and
palatability are
affected
Essential May be extendedup to 1000 in the
absence of other
alternate
sources.
xiv) Nitrate (As
NO3)mg/l, Max.
45 Beyond this
mathemoglobinaemia
takes place.
Desirable No relaxation
xv) Fluoride (As F),mg/l
0.6 to 1.2 Low floride level arelinked with dental
carries above 1.5 it
may cause fluorosis.
Desirable If the limit isbelow 0.6 water
source should be
rejected but
suitable publichealth measures
should be taken.
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Maximum limit
may be extended
to 1.5 if nobetter alternate
source isavailable.
xvi) PhenolicCompounds (As
C6H5HO), mg/l,
Max.
0.001 Beyond this it maycause objectionable
taste and odour.
Desirable May be relaxedup to 0.002.
xvii) Mercury (as Hg)mg/L, Max.
0.001 Beyond this the water becomes toxic.
Desirable No relaxation ofthis limit is
allowed to be
tested when
pollution issuspected.
xviii) Cadmium (as
Cd), mg/l, Max.
0.01 Beyond this the water
becomes toxic.
Desirable No relaxation of
this limit is
allowed to betested when
pollution is
suspected.
xix) Selenium (as Se)mg/l, Max.
0.01 Beyond this the water becomes toxic.
Desirable No relaxation ofthis limit is
allowed to be
tested whenpollution is
suspected.
xx) Arsenic (as As)
mg/l, Max.
0.05 Beyond this the water
becomes toxic.
Desirable No relaxation of
this limit isallowed to be
tested when
pollution issuspected
xxi) Cyanide (as Cn)
mg/l, Max.
0.05 Beyond this the water
becomes toxic.
Desirable No relaxation of
this limit is
allowed to betested when
pollution is
suspected.
xxii) Lead (as Pb),mg/l, Max.
0.1 Beyond this the water becomes toxic.
Desirable No relaxation ofthis limit is
allowed to be
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tested when
pollution is
suspected .
xxiii) Zinc (as Zn), mg/l,Max.
5.0 Beyond this limit itcan cause astringent
taste and anopalescence in water.
Desirable May be relaxed upto 10.0. To be
tested whenpollution is
suspected.
xxiv) Anionic detergents(as MBAS), mg/l,
Max.
0.2 Beyond this limit it
can cause a light frothin water.
Desirable May be relaxed
up to 1.0. To betested when
pollution is
suspected.
xxv) Chromium (asCr+6) mg/l, Max.
0.05 May be carcinogenic. Desirable--
xxvi) Mineral Oil mg/l,
Max.
0.01 Beyond this limit
undesirable taste andodour after
chlorination takes
place.
Desirable May be relaxed
up to 0.03. To betested whenpollution is
suspected
xxvii) Residual free
chlorine mg/l,Max.
0.2 -- Essential To be applicable
only when wateris chlorinated.
Tested at
consumer end.When protection
against viral
infection is
required, itshould be min.
0.5 mg/L.
WHO GUIDELINES FOR DRINKING WATER CONSTITUENTS
MICROBIOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL QUALITY
Organism Unit Guideline
Value
Remarks
I. Microbiology quality
A. Piped water supplies
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AI. Treated water entering the distribution system
Faecal coliforms Number/100
ml
0 Turbidity 1 NTU: for disinfection with chlorine pH pr
8.0: free chlorine residual 0.2-0.5 mg/l following 30 m
contact.
A2. Untreated water entering the distribution system
Faecal coliforms Number/100
ml
0
Coliform organisms Number/100
ml
0 In 98% of samples examined throughout the year in th
large supplies when sufficient samples are examined.
Coliform organisms Number/100
ml
3 In an occasional sample, but not in consecutive sampl
A3. Water in the distribution system
Faecal coliforms Number/100
ml
0
Coliform organisms Number/100
ml
0 In 95% of samples examined throughout the year in th
large supplies when sufficient samples are examined.
Coliform organisms Number/100
ml
3 In an occasional sample, but not in consecutive sampl
B. Unpiped water supplies
Faecal coliforms Number/100
ml
0
Coliforms Number/100
ml
0 Should not occur repeatedly if occurrence is frequent
sanitary protection can not be improved, an alternative
must be found if possible.
C. Bottled drinking water
Faecal coliforms Number/100ml
0 Source should be free from faecal contamination
Coliforms Number/100ml
0
D. Emergency water supplies
Faecal coliforms Number/100
ml
0 Advise public to boil water in case of failure to meet
values
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Coliforms Number/100
ml
0
INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS OF HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Constituents Units Guideline value Remarks
Arsenic mg/l 0.05
Cadmium mg/l 0.005
Chromium mg/l 0.05
Cynide mg/l 0.1
Fluoride mg/l 1.5 Natural or deliberately added; local or climatic conditions may necessitate
adaptation.
Lead mg/l 0.05
Mercury mg/l 0.001
Nitrate mg/l 10
Selenium mg/l 0.01
ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS OF HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE
Constituents Units Guideline value Remarks
Aldrin and dieldrin g/l 0.03
Benzene g/l 10
Benzo pyrene g/l 0.01
Carbon tetrachloride g/l 3.0 Tentative guideline value
Chlordane g/l 0.3
Chloroform g/l 30 Disinfection efficiency must not becompromised when controlling
chloroform content.
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2, 4-D g/l 100
DDT g/l 1.0
1, 2 dichloroethane g/l 10
1, 1 dichloroethane g/l 0.3
Heptachlor and
Heptachlor epoxide
g/l 0.1
Hexa-chlorobenzene g/l 0.01
Gamma-HCH
(lindane)
g/l 3.0
Methoxychlor g/l 30
Pentachlorophenol g/l 10
Tetrachlorophenol g/l 10
Trichloroethene g/l 30 Tentative guideline value
2, 4, 6
trichlorophenol
g/l 10 Odour threshold concentration 0.1 g/l
AESTHETIC QUALITY
Constituents Units Guideline value Remarks
Aluminium Mg/l 0.2
Chloride Mg/l 250
Colour(true colour) Mg/l 15
Copper Mg/l 1.0
Iron Mg/l 0.3
Hardness(as CaCO3) Mg/l 500
Manganese Mg/l 0.1
pH Mg/l 6.5-8.5
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Sodium Mg/l 200
Solids total dissolved Mg/l 1000
Sulfate Mg/l 400
Taste and odour Mg/l Inoffensive to most
consumers.
Turbidity Nephelometric turbidity
units(NTU)
5.0 Preferably 1 for disinfection
efficiency.
Zinc Mg/l 5.0
RADIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS
Constituents Units Guideline value Remarks
Gross alpha activity Bq/l 0.1 (a) If the levels are exceeded more detailed radionuclide a
be necessary.
Gross beta activity Bq/l 1.0 (b) Higher levels do not necessarily imply that the water i
for human consumption.
PRIMARY WATER QUALITY CRITERIA
Designated Best Use Class of Water Criteria
Drinking water source with out
conventional treatment but after
disinfection.
A 1. Total Coliform organised MPN/100 ml shall be
less
2. pH between 6.5 and 8.53. Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg/l or more
4. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days at 20oC, 2
less.
Outdoor bathing (Organised) B 1. Total Coliform organised MPN/100 ml shall beless
2. pH between 6.5 and 8.5
3. Dissolved Oxygen 5 mg/l or more4. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days at 20oC,3
less .
Drinking Water Source C 1. Total Coliform organised MPN/100 ml shall be
less
2. pH between 6.0 and 9.0
3. Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or more
4. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days at 20oC,3
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less.
Propagation of Wild Life Fisheries D 1.pH between 6.5 and 9.52. Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or less
3. Free Ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less.
Irrigation, Industrial Cooling Controlled
WasteDisposal
E 1.pH between 6.5 and 9.5
2. Electrical Conductivity at 25 microgram per cm3. Sodium absorption ratio Max. 26
4. Boron Max. 2 mg/l.
GENERAL STANDARDS FOR DISCHARGE OF
ENVIRONMENT POLLUTANTS EFFLUENTS
S.
No.
Parameters Standards for discharges into
Inlandsurface
PublicSewers
Land forirrigation
Marine coastal areas
1. Suspended solids mg/L, Max. 100 600 200 (a) For process waste water-100
(b) For cooling water effluent 10 perc
total suspended matter of influent.
2. Particular size of suspended
solids.
Shall pass
850 micron
sieve.
- (a) Floatable solids, max. 3 mm
(b) Settleable solids, max. 850 micron
3. pH value 5.5 - 9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5 9.0
4. Temperature Shall not
exceed 5oC
above thereceiving
watertemperature.
-
-
Shall not exceed 5oC above the receiv
temperature.
5. Oil and grease mg/L,Max. 10 20 10 20
6. Total residual chlorine mg/L,
Max.
1.0 - - 1.0
7. Amonical nitrogen (as N),
mg/L, Max.
50 50 - 50
8. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (as
NH3), mg/L, Max.
100 - - 100
9. Free ammonia (as NH3) 5.0 - - 5.0
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mg/L, Max.
10. Biochemical Oxygen demand(5 days at 20oC),mg/L, Max.
30 350 100 100
11. Chemical Oxygen demand,
mg/L, Max.
250 - - 250
12. Arsenic (as As), mg/L, Max. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
13. Mercury (as Hg), mg/L, Max. 0.01 0.01 - 0.01
14. Lead (as Pb), mg/L, Max. 0.1 1.0 - 2.0
15. Cadmium (as Cd), mg/L,
Max.
2.0 1.0 - 2.0
16. Hexavalent chromium (as
Cr+6
), mg/L, Max.
0.1 2.0 - 1.0
17. Total chromium (as Cr),
mg/L, Max.
2.0 2.0 - 2.0
18. Copper (as Cu), mg/L, Max. 3.0 3.0 - 3.0
19. Zinc (as Zn), mg/L, Max. 5.0 15 - 15
20. Selenium (as Se), mg/L, Max. 0.05 0.05 - 0.05
21. Nickel (as Ni), mg/L, Max. 3.0 3.0 - 5.0
22. Cyanide (as CN), mg/L, Max. 0.2 2.0 0.2 0.2
23. Florides ( as F), mg/L, Max. 2.0 15 - 15
24. Sulphide (as S), mg/L, Max. 2.0 - - 5.0
25. Phenolic compounds (as
C6H5OH), mg/L, Max.
1.0 5.0 - 5.0
26. Radioactive materials
(a) Alpha emitter Micro
curie/ml
(b) Beta emitterMicrocurie/ml
10-7
10-6
10-7
10-6
10-8
10-7
10-7
10-6
27. Bio-assay test 90%
survival of
fish after 96
hours in
100%
effluent.
90%
survival
of fish
after 96
hours in
100%
90% survival of fish after 96 hours in
effluent.
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effluent.
28. Manganese (Mn) 2 mg/L 2 mg/L - 2 Mg/L
29. Iron (as Fe) 3 mg/L 3 mg/L - 3 mg/L
30. Vanadium (as V) 0.2 mg/L 0.2
mg/L
- 0.2 mg/l
31. Nitrate Nitrogen 10 mg/L - - 20 mg/L
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
Pollutant
Time
Weighted
Average
Concentration in Ambient Air
Industrial
Area
Residential,
Rural &
Other Area
SensitiveMethod of
Measurement
Sulphur
Dioxide
Annual
Average* 24
hours**
80g/m3
120 g/m360g/m3
80 g/m315g/m3
30 g/m3
Improved West and
Geeks method
UltravioletFluorescene
Oxides of
Nitrogen
Annual
Average* 24
hours**
80g/m3
120 g/m360g/m3
80 g/m315g/m3
30 g/m3
Jacab and Hochhwiser
modified (Na-arsenite)
method-Gas-PhaseChemilusence
SPM AnnualAverage* 24
hours**
360g/m3
500 g/m3140g/m3
200 g/m370g/m3
100 g/m3
High Volume
Sampling [Averageflow rate not less than1.1 m3/ minute]
RSPM
Annual
Average* 24
hours**
120g/m3
150 g/m360g/m3
100 g/m350g/m3
75 g/m3Respirable particulate
matter sampler
Lead
Annual
Average* 24
hours**
1.0g/m3
1.5 g/m30.75g/m3
1.0 g/m30.50g/m3
0.75 g/m3
AAS method aftersampling using EPM
2000 or equivalent
filter paper
Carbon
Monoxides
AnnualAverage* 24
hours**
5.0 mg/m3
10.0 mg/m32.0 mg/m3
4.0 mg/m31.0 mg/m3
2.0 mg/m3Non disperse, infrared
spectroscopy
1 g (micro-gram) - .001 mg (milligram)
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS IN RESPECT OF NOISE
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Area code Category of Area Limits in dB(A)Leq
Day Time
Limits in dB(A)Leq Night Time
(A) Industrial area 75 70
(B) Commercial area 65 55
(C) Residential area 55 45
(D) Silence Zone 50 40
EMISSION STANDARDS FOR SMALL BOILERS
S. No. Capacity of Boiler Parameters Standards
1. Less than 2 ton/hr Particulate matter 1600
2. 2 to 5 ton/hr Particulate matter 1200
3. More than 15 ton/hr Particulate matter 150
NOISE LIMITS FOR DOMESTIC APPLIANCES AND CONSTRUCTION
EQUIPMENT AT THE MANUFACTURING STAGE
S. No. Category Standards dB(A)
1. Window Air Conditioners of 1 ton to 1.5 ton 68
2. Air Coolers 60
3. Refrigerators 46
4. Diesel generators for domestic purposes 85-90
5. Compactors (rollers) Front loaders, Concrete mixers, Cranes(movable), Vibrators and Saws
90
STANDARDS FOR EMISSION OF SMOKE, VAPOUR ETC. FROM MOTOR
VEHICLES
Every motor vehicle shall be manufactured and maintained in such condition and shall be sodriven that smoke, visible vapour, grit, sparks, ashes, cinder or oily substance do not emit
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therefrom. On and from the 1st day of March 1990, every motor vehicle in use shall comply with thefollowing standards:-
Idling CO (Carbon monoxide) emission limit for the all four wheeled petrol driven vehiclesshall not exceed 3 percent by volume;
Idling CO emission limit for all two and three wheeled petrol driven vehicles shall not
exceed 4.5 percent by volume;
Smoke density for all diesel driven vehicles shall be as follow:-
Method of Test Maximum smoke density
Light absorption
Coefficient m-1Bosch units Hartridge units
(a) Full load at a speed of 60% to 70% of
maximum enginerated speed declared by
the
manufacture
3.1 5.2 75
(b) Free acceleration 2.3 - 65