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http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/world20131 1/24WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013 1

The Authority on World Travel & Tourism

Travel& Tourism

Economic impact 2013World

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http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/world20131 2/24

For more inormation please contact:

Rocelle TrerResearch Manager

[email protected]

© 2013 World Travel & Tourism Council

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ContentsForeword..............................................................................................................................................................................................i

2013 Annual Research: Key Facts .......................................................................................................1

Defning the Economic Contribution o Travel & Tourism .............................2

Travel & Tourism’s Contribution to GDP .....................................................................................3

Travel & Tourism’s Contribution to Employment ..........................................................4

Visitor Exports and Investment ..................................................................................................................5

Dierent Components o Travel & Tourism ............................................................................6

Summary Tables: Estimates & Forecasts .................................................................................7

The Economic Contribution o Travel & Tourism:Real 2012 Prices..................................................................................................................................................................8

The Economic Contribution o Travel & Tourism:

Nominal Prices ........................................................................................................................................................................9

The Economic Contribution o Travel & Tourism: Growth ......................10

Glossary.........................................................................................................................................................................................11

Methodological Note...............................................................................................................................................12

Regions, Sub-regions, Countries ......................................................................................................13

USE OF MATERIAL IS AUTHORISED, PROVIDED SOURCE IS ACKNOWLEDGED

1-2 Queen Victoria Terrace, Sovereign Court, London E1W 3HA, UK

2 Tel: +44 (0) 20 7481 8007. Fax: +44 (0) 20 7488 1008. Email: [email protected]. www.wttc.org

The Economic Impact o Travel & Tourism 2013

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Te World Trvel & Toris Cocil (WTTC) s bee ivestig i

ecooic ipct reserc or over 20 ers. Tis reserc ssesses

te Trvel & Toris idstr’s cotribtio to GDP d jobs or

184 cotries d 24 regios d ecooic grops i te world.

Or te-er orecsts re iqe i te iortio te provide

to ssist goverets d privte copies pl polic d

ivestet decisios or te tre.2012 demonstrated again the resilience o the Travel & Tourism industry in the ace o continued economic

turmoil, as economic growth slowed and was even negative in key global markets. The latest annual research

rom WTTC and our research partner Oxord Economics, shows that Travel & Tourism’s contribution to GDP

grew or the third consecutive year in 2012, and created more than 4 million new jobs. The strongest growth

in 2012 was evident in international demand as appetite or travel beyond national borders, rom leisure and

business visitors, remains strong.

Travel & Tourism’s importance to the wider economy continued to grow in 2012. Its total contribution

comprised 9% o global GDP (US $6.6 trillion) and generated over 260 million jobs – 1 in 11 o the world’s

total jobs. The industry outperormed the entire wider economy in 2012, growing aster than other notable

industries such as manuacturing, nancial services and retail.

With such resilience in demand and an ability to generate high employment, the importance o Travel &

Tourism as a tool or economic development and job creation is clear. In total, the industry contributed to over

10% o all new jobs created in 2012. Less restrictive visa regimes and a reduction in punitive taxation levels

would help the industry to contribute even more to broader economic development and better ull the clear

demand or international travel.

While 2013 will present urther challenges or the global economy and the Travel & Tourism industry, we remain

optimistic that Travel & Tourism will continue to grow, outpace growth o the wider economy and remain a

leading generator o jobs.

In the longer-term, demand rom and within emerging markets will continue to rise in signicance. Destinations

need to be willing to invest in inrastructure suitable or new sources o demand to achieve the clear growthpotential that exists. For example, we orecast that China will overtake the US by 2023 as the world’s largest

Travel & Tourism economy, measured in total GDP terms (2012 prices), and the size o the outbound market.

Dvid ScowsillPresident & CEOWorld Travel & Tourism Council

Foreword

WTTC Trvel & Toris Ecooic Ipct 2013i

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= Total contribution of Travel & Tourism

World

2013 ANNUAL RESEARCH: KEY FACTS 2013

forecast

EMPLOYMENT: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION

EMPLOYMENT: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION

VISITOR EXPORTS

INVESTMENT

Total Contribution of

Travel & Tourism to GDP

Breakdown of Travel & Tourism's Total

Contribution to GDP and Employment 2012

2012 USDbn GDP (2012 USDbn)

Direct Indirect Induced

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2 0 0 3

2 0 0 4

2 0 0 5

2 0 0 6

2 0 0 7

2 0 0 8

2 0 0 9

2 0 1 0

2 0 1 1

2 0 1 2

2 0 1 3

2 0 2 3

2012 USDbn2012 USDbn

1,204

3,361

2,057

101,118

113,601

46,676 E m p l o y m e n t

( ' 0 0 0 )

WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013 1

The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was USD2,056.6bn (2.9% of total GDP) in

2012, and is forecast to rise by 3.1% in 2013, and to rise by 4.4% pa, from 2013-2023, to

USD3,249.2bn in 2023 (in constant 2012 prices).

The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was USD6,630.4bn (9.3% of GDP) in 2012,

and is forecast to rise by 3.2% in 2013, and to rise by 4.4% pa to USD10,507.1bn in 2023.

In 2012 Travel & Tourism directly supported 101,118,000 jobs (3.4% of total employment). This

is expected to rise by 1.2% in 2013 and rise by 2.0% pa to 125,288,000 jobs (3.7% of total

employment) in 2023.

In 2012, the total contribution of Travel & Tourism to employment, including jobs indirectly

Visitor exports generated USD1,243.0bn (5.4% of total exports) in 2012. This is forecast to

grow by 3.1% in 2013, and grow by 4.2% pa, from 2013-2023, to USD1,934.8bn in 2023 (4.8%

of total).

Travel & Tourism investment in 2012 was USD764.7bn, or 4.7% of total investment. It should

rise by 4.2% in 2013, and rise by 5.3% pa over the next ten years to USD1,341.4bn in 2023

(4.9% of total).

2 0 2 3

GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION

GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION

supported by the industry, was 8.7% of total employment (261,394,000 jobs). This is expected

to rise by 1.7% in 2013 to 265,754,000 jobs and rise by 2.4% pa to 337,819,000 jobs in 2023

(9.9% of total).

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●

●

●

WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 20132

Defining the economic

contribution of Travel & Tourism

Travel & Tourism is an important economic activity in most countries around the world. As well as its direct economic

impact, the industry has significant indirect and induced impacts. The UN Statistics Division-approved Tourism Satellite

Accounting methodology (TSA:RMF 2008) quantifies only the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism. But WTTC

recognises that Travel & Tourism's total contribution is much greater, and aims to capture its indirect and induced

impacts through its annual research.

DIRECT CONTRIBUTION

The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP reflects the ‘internal’ spending on Travel & Tourism (total spending

within a particular country on Travel & Tourism by residents and non-residents for business and leisure purposes) as

well as government 'individual' spending - spending by government on Travel & Tourism services directly linked to

visitors, such as cultural (eg museums) or recreational (eg national parks).

The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is calculated to be consistent with the output, as expressed in

National Accounting, of tourism-characteristic sectors such as hotels, airlines, airports, travel agents and leisure

and recreation services that deal directly with tourists.The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is calculated

from total internal spending by ‘netting out’ the purchases made by the different tourism sectors. This measure is

consistent with the definition of Tourism GDP, specified in the 2008 Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended

Methodological Framework (TSA: RMF 2008).

TOTAL CONTRIBUTION

The total contribution of Travel & Tourism includes its ‘wider impacts’ (ie the indirect and induced impacts) on the economy.

The ‘indirect’ contribution includes the GDP and jobs supported by:

Travel & Tourism investment spending – an important aspect of both current and future activity that includes

investment activity such as the purchase of new aircraft and construction of new hotels;

Government 'collective' spending, which helps Travel & Tourism activity in many different ways as it is made on

behalf of the ‘community at large’ – eg tourism marketing and promotion, aviation,administration, security services, resort area security services, resort area sanitation services, etc;

Domestic purchases of goods and services by the sectors dealing directly with tourists - including, for example,

purchases of food and cleaning services by hotels, of fuel and catering services by airlines, and IT services by

travel agents.

The ‘induced’ contribution measures the GDP and jobs supported by the spending of those who are directly or indirectly

employed by the Travel & Tourism industry.

PLEASE NOTE THAT DUE TO CHANGES IN METHODOLOGY BETWEEN 2010 AND 2011, IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO COMPARE FIGURES

PUBLISHED BY WTTC FROM 2011 ONWARDS WITH THE SERIES PUBLISHED IN PREVIOUS YEARS.

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WORLD: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP

WORLD: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO GDP

1 All values are in constant 2012 prices & exchange rates

3

Travel & Tourism's

contribution to GDP1

The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP in 2012 was USD2,056.6bn (2.9% of GDP). This is forecast to

rise by 3.1% to USD2,120.4bn in 2013.This primarily reflects the economic activity generated by industriessuch as hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services (excluding commuter

services). But it also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant and leisure industries directly

supported by tourists.

The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is expected to grow by 4.4% pa to USD3,249.2bn (3.1% of

GDP) by 2023.

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

2 0 0

3

2 0 0

4

2 0 0

5

2 0 0

6

2 0 0

7

2 0 0

8

2 0 0

9

2 0 1

0

2 0 1

1

2 0 1

2

2 0 1

3

2 0 2

3

2 0 2 3

Constant 2012 USDbn % of whole economy GDP

2.70

2.75

2.80

2.85

2.90

2.95

3.00

3.05

3.10

3.15

3.20

2 0 0

3

2 0 0

4

2 0 0

5

2 0 0

6

2 0 0

7

2 0 0

8

2 0 0

9

2 0 1

0

2 0 1

1

2 0 1

2

2 0 1

3

2 0 2

3

2 0 2

3

induced income impacts, see page 2) was USD6,630.4bn in 2012 (9.3% of GDP) and is expected to grow by

3.2% to USD6,842.0bn (9.4% of GDP) in 2013.

It is forecast to rise by 4.4% pa to USD10,507.1bn by 2023 (10.0% of GDP).

Constant 2012 USDbn


0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2012 2013 202320232023

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

2012 2013 20232023

% of whole economy GDP



The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP (including wider effects from investment, the supply chain and

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WORLD: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO EMPLOYMENT

WORLD: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM TO EMPLOYMENT

4

Travel & Tourism generated 101,118,000 jobs directly in 2012 (3.4% of total employment) and this is forecast to

grow by 1.2% in 2013 to 102,364,000 (3.4% of total employment).

This includes employment by hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services

(excluding commuter services). It also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant and leisure

industries directly supported by tourists.

By 2023, Travel & Tourism will account for 125,288,000 jobs directly, an increase of 2.0% pa over the next ten

years.

0.0

20,000.0

40,000.0

60,000.0

80,000.0

100,000.0

120,000.0

140,000.0

2 0 0

3

2 0 0

4

2 0 0

5

2 0 0

6

2 0 0

7

2 0 0

8

2 0 0

9

2 0 1

0

2 0 1

1

2 0 1

2

2 0 1

3

2 0 2

3

'000 jobs % of whole economy employment

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

2 0 0

3

2 0 0

4

2 0 0

5

2 0 0

6

2 0 0

7

2 0 0

8

2 0 0

9

2 0 1

0

2 0 1

1

2 0 1

2

2 0 1

3

2 0 2

3

The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to employment (including wider effects from investment, the supply

By 2023, Travel & Tourism is forecast to support 337,819,000 jobs (9.9% of total employment), an increase of

2.4% pa over the period.

'000 jobs


0.0

50,000.0

100,000.0

150,000.0

200,000.0

250,000.0

300,000.0

350,000.0

400,000.0

2012 2013 202320232023

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

2012 2013 20232023

% of whole economy employment



Travel & Tourism's

contribution to employment

chain and induced income impacts, see page 2) was 261,394,000 jobs in 2012 (8.7% of total employment). This

is forecast to rise by 1.7% in 2013 to 265,754,000 jobs (8.8% of total employment).

2 0 2 3

2 0 2 3

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ISITOR EXPORTS

WORLD: VISITOR EXPORTS AND INTERNATIONAL TOURIST ARRIVALS

INVESTMENT

WORLD: CAPITAL INVESTMENT IN TRAVEL & TOURISM

1 All values are in constant 2012 prices & exchange rates

5

Visitor Exports and Investment1

Visitor exports are a key component of the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism. In 2012,

the world generated USD1,243.0bn in visitor exports. In 2013, this is expected to grow by 3.1%, and the world isexpected to attract 1,086,320,000 international tourist arrivals.

By 2023, international tourist arrivals are forecast to total 1,581,250,000, generating expenditure of

USD1,934.8bn, an increase of 4.2% pa.

Constant 2012 USDbn Foreign visitor exports as % of total exports

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

2 0 0 3

2 0 0 4

2 0 0 5

2 0 0 6

2 0 0 7

2 0 0 8

2 0 0 9

2 0 1 0

2 0 1 1

2 0 1 2

2 0 1 3

2 0 2 3

2 0 2

3

Travel & Tourism is expected to have attracted capital investment of USD764.7bn in 2012. This is expected to

rise by 4.2% in 2013, and rise by 5.3% pa over the next ten years to USD1,341.4bn in 2023.

Travel & Tourism’s share of total national investment will rise from 4.8% in 2013 to 4.9% in 2023.

Constant 2012 USDbn

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

2 0 0 3

2 0 0 4

2 0 0 5

2 0 0 6

2 0 0 7

2 0 0 8

2 0 0 9

2 0 1 0

2 0 1 1

2 0 1 2

2 0 1 3

2 0 2 3

2 0 2 3

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

2 0 0 3

2 0 0 4

2 0 0 5

2 0 0 6

2 0 0 7

2 0 0 8

2 0 0 9

2 0 1 0

2 0 1 1

2 0 1 2

2 0 1 3

2 0 2 3

2 0 2 3

% of whole economy GDP


mn

Foreign tourist arrivals (RHS)

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

2 0 0 3

2 0 0 4

2 0 0 5

2 0 0 6

2 0 0 7

2 0 0 8

2 0 0 9

2 0 1 0

2 0 1 1

2 0 1 2

2 0 1 3

2 0 2 3

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,4001,600

1,800

Foreign visitor exports (LHS)

2 0 2 3

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Leisure spending

Business spending

Foreign visitor spending

Domestic spending

Direct

Induced

Indirect

33.7%

9.7%

7.4%1 All values are in constant 2012 prices & exchange rates

50.8%

(c) Government collective

Indirect is the sum of:

(a) Supply chain

(b) Investment

31.0%

18.2%

29.3%

70.7%

76.0%

24.0%

6 WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2013

Different components of

Travel & Tourism1

World

Travel & Tourism's Contribution to GDP:

Business vs Leisure, 2012 Leisure travel spending (inbound and domestic)

generated 76.0% of direct Travel & Tourism GDP

in 2012 (USD3,222.1bn) compared with 24.0% for

business travel spending (USD1,017.4bn).

Business travel spending is expected to grow by

3.1% in 2013 to USD1,048.9bn, and rise by 4.1%

pa to USD1,572.8bn in 2023.

Leisure travel spending is expected to grow by

3.2% in 2013 to USD3,324.1bn, and rise by 4.6%


World

Domestic vs Foreign, 2012

Travel & Tourism's Contribution to GDP:

Domestic travel spending generated 70.7% of

direct Travel & Tourism GDP in 2012 compared

with 29.3% for visitor exports (ie foreign visitor

spending or international tourism receipts).

Domestic travel spending is expected to grow by3.2% in 2013 to USD3,090.8bn, and rise by 4.6%


Visitor exports are expected to grow by 3.1% in

2013 to USD1,282.0bn, and rise by 4.2% pa to

USD1,934.8bn in 2023.

c b

a

World

Breakdown of Travel & Tourism's Total Contribution to GDP, 2012 The Travel & Tourism industry contributes to GDP

and employment in many ways as detailed on

page 2.

The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to

GDP is three times greater than its direct

contribution.

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2013

World USDbn % of total Growth2 USDbn % of total Growth3

Direct contribution to GDP 2,056.6 2.9 3.1 3,249.2 3.1 4.4

Total contribution to GDP 6,630.4 9.3 3.2 10,507.1 10.0 4.4

Direct contribution to employment4

101,118 3.4 1.2 125,288 3.7 2.0

Total contribution to employment4

261,394 8.7 1.7 337,819 9.9 2.4

Visitor exports 1,243.0 5.4 3.1 1,934.8 4.8 4.2

Domestic spending 2,996.3 4.2 3.2 4,831.2 3.5 4.6

Leisure spending 3,222.1 2.2 3.2 5,196.0 2.3 4.6

Business spending 1,017.4 0.7 3.1 1,572.8 0.7 4.1

Capital investment 764.7 4.7 4.2 1,341.4 4.9 5.3

12012 constant prices & exchange rates;

22013 real growth adjusted for inflation (%);

32013-2023 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%);

4'000 jobs

2012 2012 2023


Summary tables:

Estimates & Forecasts

1 1

% of total refers to each indicator's share of the relevant whole economy indicator such as GDP and employment. Visitor exports is shown relative to total exports of goods and services.

Domestic spending is expressed relative to whole economy GDP. For leisure and business spending, their direct contribution to Travel & Tourism GDP is calculated as a share of

whole economy GDP (the sum of these shares equals the direct contribution). Investment is relative to whole economy investment

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2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013E 2023F

Domestic expenditure

(includes government individual spending)

3. Internal tourism consumption

(= 1 + 2 )

4. Purchases by tourism providers,

including imported goods

(supply chain)

5. Direct contribution of


(= 3 + 4)

Other final impacts

(indirect & induced)

6. Domestic supply chain

11. Total contribution of


(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)

Employment impacts ('000)

12.

Other indicators

14. Expenditure on outbound travel

1,986 1,936 2,057 2,120

-3,517

1,868 1,928 1,992

-2,109 -2,183 -2,252

1,243 1,282

-2,082 -2,101 -2,040-1,964

1,122 1,141 1,071 1,133

World

(USDbn, real 2012 prices)

1. Visitor exports 1,935

2. 2,946 2,896 2,761 2,836 2,914 2,996

1,187

3,091 4,831

4,068 4,037 3,832 3,968 4,101 4,239 4,373 6,766

265,754

3,249

337,819

10,507

102,364 125,288

6,842

1,964 3,073

425

100,174 100,250 97,292 97,779

Induced

6,322 6,329 6,083

1,167 1,144 1,139

9.

6,244 6,437

7. Capital investment

8. Government collective spending

1,799 1,804

1,030 1,046 1,100 1,141 1,685

Direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to

employment

Imported goods from indirect spending

10.

253 268 239 265 279 284

1,718 1,776 1,837 1,902

758 803 726 723 747 765 797 1,341

359 374 394 405

253,000 257,348 261,394

587410 419 427

292

1,2411,147 1,171 1,204

99,498 101,118

6,630

1,832

13.

1,016 1,032 988

Total contribution of Travel & Tourism

to employment274,312 264,190 256,076


The economic contribution of Travel & Tourism: Real 2012 prices

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2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013E 2023F




(= 1 + 2 )



(supply chain)



(= 3 + 4)

Other final impacts





(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)


12.

Other indicators


Historical data for concepts has been benchmarked to match reported TSA data where available.

1,726 1,819 2,057 2,154

-1,801

1,687 1,813 2,011

-2,127 -2,183 -2,292

1,243 1,303

-1,801 -1,961 -1,910-1,761

993 1,098 977 1,068

World

(USDbn, nominal prices)

1. Visitor exports 2,448

2. 2,533 2,683 2,471 2,656 2,937 2,997

1,201

3,143

547

6,467

3,526 3,780 3,448 3,723 4,138 4,240 4,446 8,915

265,754

4,244

337,819

13,848

102,364 125,288

6,953

1,998 4,095

298

100,174 100,250 97,292 97,779

1,259Induced

5,465 5,919 5,473

1,008 1,066 1,025

9.

5,859 6,492



1,549 1,681

962 1,061 1,100 1,157 2,152


employment


10.

227 264 221 250 282 284

1,539 1,662 1,854 1,902

641 738 641 674 751 765 813 1,787

755314 352 360 383 414 419 430

256,076

1,077 1,181 1,204

99,498 101,118

6,631

253,000 257,348 261,394

*Concepts shown in this table align with the standard table totals as described in the 2008 Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework (TSA: RMF 2008) developed by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD), the Statistical Office

of the European Communities (EUROSTAT), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the World Tourism

Organization (UNWTO).

2,421

13.

907 993 889


to employment274,312 264,190


The economic contribution of

Travel & Tourism: Nominal prices

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2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013E 2023F 2




(= 1 + 2 )



(supply chain)



(= 3 + 4)

Other final impacts





(= 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10)


12.

Other indicators


4.0

4.0

4.4

2.0

2.4

4.6

5.3

3.2

6.0

4.2

4.6

4.4

4.6

12007-2012 real annual growth adjusted for inflation (%);

22013-2023 annualised real growth adjusted for inflation (%)

13.

5.3 1.6 -4.3


to employment2.8 -3.7 -3.1

1.7

0.7 2.1 2.8

1.1 -2.2 4.2 4.6

4.1 4.2 5.3 2.9 2.1

3.3 2.4 4.2

1.2 2.1

9.5 5.9 -9.7 -0.4

-4.7 3.4 3.5 3.5


employment


10.

7.1

-0.7

4.3 1.5 5.1 3.8

9.

2.6 3.1



2.8 0.3

3.0Induced

3.8 0.1 -3.9

3.8 -2.0 -0.4

3.23.0

0.1 -3.0 0.5

1.7

1.2

-1.2 1.7 1.6

1.8 1.6

3.3

4.2

2.9 -0.7 -4.9 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.1

2.9

2. 2.3 -1.7 -4.7 2.8 3.2

World

Growth1

(%)

1. Visitor exports 4.8 4.7 3.15.84.5 1.7 -6.2

2.82.7

3.40.9 3.9-6.5 3.5 3.2

4.42.9 -2.5 3.2 3.1-3.5 3.2 3.3


The economic contribution of Travel & Tourism: Growth

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Glossary

KEy DEfInITIOnSTrvel & Toris – relates to the activity o travellers on

trips outside their usual environment with a duration o less

than one year. Economic activity related to all aspects o

such trips is measured within the research.

Direct cotribtio to GDP – GDP generated by

industries that deal directly with tourists, including hotels,

travel agents, airlines and other passenger transport

services, as well as the activities o restaurant and leisure

industries that deal directly with tourists. It is equivalent to

total internal Travel & Tourism spending (see below) within

a country less the purchases made by those industries

(including imports). In terms o the UN’s Tourism Satellite

Account methodology it is consistent with total GDP

calculated in table 6 o the TSA: RMF 2008.

Direct cotribtio to eploet – the number o

direct jobs within the Travel & Tourism industry. This is

consistent with total employment calculated in table 7 o the

TSA: RMF 2008.

Totl cotribtio to GDP – GDP generated directly by

the Travel & Tourism industry plus its indirect and induced

impacts (see below).

Totl cotribtio to eploet – the number o jobs

generated directly in the Travel & Tourism industry plus the

indirect and induced contributions (see below).

DIRECT SPEnDInG ImPaCTS

Visitor exports – spending within the country by

international tourists or both business and leisure trips,

including spending on transport, but excluding international

spending on education. This is consistent with total inbound

tourism expenditure in table 1 o the TSA: RMF 2008.

Doestic Trvel & Toris spedig – spending within

a country by that country’s residents or both business andleisure trips. Multi-use consumer durables are not included

since they are not purchased solely or tourism purposes.

This is consistent with total domestic tourism expenditure

in table 2 o the TSA: RMF 2008. Outbound spending by

residents abroad is not included here, but is separately

identied according to the TSA: RMF 2008 (see below).

Goveret idividl spedig – spending by

government on Travel & Tourism services directly linked

to visitors, such as cultural (eg museums) or recreational

(eg national parks).

Iterl toris cosptio – total revenue generated

within a country by industries that deal directly with tourists

including visitor exports, domestic spending and government

individual spending. This does not include spending abroad

by residents. This is consistent with total internal tourism

expenditure in table 4 o the TSA: RMF 2008.

Bsiess Trvel & Toris spedig – spending

on business travel within a country by residents and

international visitors.

Leisre Trvel & Toris spedig – spending on leisure

travel within a country by residents and international visitors.

InDIRECT anD InDuCED ImPaCTSIdirect cotribtio – the contribution to GDP and jobs o

the ollowing three actors:

• Capitalinvestment – includes capital investment

spending by all sectors directly involved in the Travel

& Tourism industry. This also constitutes investment

spending by other industries on specic tourism assets

such as new visitor accommodation and passenger

transport equipment, as well as restaurants and leisure

acilities or specic tourism use. This is consistent with

total tourism gross xed capital ormation in table 8 o the

TSA: RMF 2008.

• Governmentcollectivespending – general government

spending in support o general tourism activity. This can

include national as well as regional and local government

spending. For example, it includes tourism promotion,

visitor inormation services, administrative services and

other public services. This is consistent with total collective

tourism consumption in table 9 o TSA: RMF 2008.

• Supply-chaineffects– purchases o domestic goods

and services directly by dierent sectors o the Travel &

Tourism industry as inputs to their nal tourism output.

Idced cotribtio – the broader contribution to GDP

and employment o spending by those who are directly or

indirectly employed by Travel & Tourism.

OThER InDICaTORS

Otbod expeditre – spending outside the country

by residents on all trips abroad. This is ully aligned with total

outbound tourism expenditure in table 3 o the TSA: RMF 2008.

foreig visitor rrivls – the number o arrivals o oreign

visitors, including same-day and overnight visitors (tourists) to

the country.

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http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/world20131 16/24WTTC Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 201312

WTTC has an on-going commitment to align its economic impact research with the UN StatisticsDivision-approved 2008 Tourism Satellite Account: Recommended Methodological Framework (TSA:RMF 2008)and has made small revisions to the research both this year and in 2012, ollowing a ull renement in 2011. This has involved urther benchmarking o country reports to ocial, published TSAs, including or countrieswhich are reporting data or the rst time, as well as existing countries reporting an additional year’s data.New country TSAs incorporated this year were Jordan, Italy and Sweden. As part o the alignment process in2012, international travel expenditure infows and outfows related to education were excluded rom the data. Three new countries have been added in 2013 (Georgia, Iraq and Uzbekistan), bringing the total countriescovered to 184 country reports. Additionally, we also produce a world report and reports on 17 world regionsand sub-regions. This year there are 7 reports or special economic and geographic groups, including, or therst time, the Organization o American States (OAS) and the Commonwealth.

Ecooic d Geogrpic Grops aPEC (aSIa-PaCIfIC ECOnOmIC COOPERaTIOn) Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Russian Federation, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, USA, Vietnam.

G20 Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, European Union, France*, Germany*, India, Indonesia, Italy*, Japan,Mexico, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, South Arica, South Korea, Turkey, UK*, USA.

mEDITERRanEan Albania, Algeria, Bosnia Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece , Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya,Malta, Montenegro, Morocco, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Jordan, Macedonia, Portugal.

OaS (ORGanIzaTIOn Of amERICan STaTES) Argentina, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia,Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Dominica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, St Kitts and Nevis, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St Lucia,St Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, USA, Uruguay.

OECD (ORGanISaTIOn fOR ECOnOmIC CO-OPERaTIOn anD DEVELOPmEnT) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands,New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, USA.

OThER OCEanIa American Samoa, Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Guam, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States o),New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Somoa, Tuvalu.

SaDC (SOuThERn afRICan DEVELOPmEnT COmmunITy) Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic o Congo (DRC), Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius,Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Arica, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

ThE COmmOnWEaLTh Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Botswana,Brunei, Cameroon, Canada, Cayman Islands, Cyprus, Dominica, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India,Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria,

New Zealand, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, South Arica, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, UK, British Virgin Islands, Vanuatu, Zambia.

*included in European Union

Methodological note

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WORLD

Economic impact reports:Regions, sub-regions and countries

RegionSub-

RegionCountRy

A f R i C A

n o R t h

A f R i C A

Algeria

Egypt

Libya

Morocco

Tunisia

S u b - S A h A R A n

Angola

Benin

Botswana

Burkina Faso

Burundi

Cameroon

Cape Verde

Central AfricanRepublic

Chad

Comoros

DemocraticRepublic of Congo

Ethiopia

Gabon

Gambia

Ghana

GuineaIvory Coast

Kenya

Lesotho

Madagascar

Malawi

Mali

Mauritius

Mozambique

Namibia

Niger

Nigeria

Republic of Congo

Reunion

Rwanda

Sao Tome &Principe

Senegal

Seychelles

Sierra Leone

South Africa

Sudan

Swaziland

Tanzania

Togo

Uganda

Zambia

Zimbabwe

RegionSub-

RegionCountRy

e u R o p e

e u R o p e A n

u n i o n

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malta

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

UK

o t h e R

e u R o p e

Albania

Armenia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

BosniaHerzegovina

Croatia

Georgia

Iceland

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Macedonia

Moldova

Montenegro

Norway

RussianFederation

Serbia

Switzerland

Turkey

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

M i d d l e e A S t

Bahrain

Iran

Iraq

Israel

Jordan

Kuwait

Lebanon

Oman

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Syria

UAE

Yemen

RegionSub-

RegionCountRy

A S i A - p A C i f i C

n o R t h e A S t A S i A

Japan

China

Hong Kong

South Korea

Macau

Taiwan

Mongolia

o C e A n i A

Australia

New Zealand

FijiKiribati

Other Oceania

PapuaNew Guinea

Solomon Islands

Tonga

Vanuatu

S o u t h A S i A

Bangladesh

India

Maldives

Nepal

PakistanSri Lanka

S o u t h e A S t A S i A

Brunei

Cambodia

Indonesia

Laos

Malaysia

Myanmar

Philippines

Singapore

Thailand

Vietnam

e u R o p e

e u R o p e A n

u n i o n

Austria

Belgium

Bulgaria

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

Estonia

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Ireland

Italy

Latvia

RegionSub-

RegionCountRy

A M e R i C A S

C A R i b b e A n

Anguilla

Antigua &Barbuda

Aruba

Bahamas

Barbados

Bermuda

Cayman Islands

Cuba

FormerNetherlandsAntilles

Dominica

DominicanRepublic

Grenada

Guadeloupe

Haiti

Jamaica

Martinique

Puerto Rico

St Kitts & Nevis

St Lucia

St Vincent & theGrenadines

Trinidad &Tobago

UK Virgin Islands

US Virgin Islands

l A t i n A M e R i C A

Argentina

Belize

Bolivia

Brazil

Chile

Colombia

Costa Rica

El Salvador

Ecuador

Guatemala

Guyana

Honduras

Nicaragua

Panama

Paraguay

Peru

Suriname

Uruguay

Venezuela

n o R t h

A M e R i C A Canada

Mexico

USA

7/28/2019 world2013_1


Every trip that is taken helps to boost our global economy by trillions

of dollars and supports 260 million jobs worldwide. That’s almost

1 in 11 of all the jobs on our planet. So, thanks for playing your

part in Travel & Tourism – one of the world’s greatest industries.

for ore iortio o te

World Trvel & Toris Cocil visit wttc.org

Travel with thefeelgood factor

7/28/2019 world2013_1


ThE WORLD TRaVEL & TOuRISm COunCILIS ThE fORum fOR BuSInESS LEaDERS In ThETRaVEL & TOuRISm InDuSTRy.

With the Chairs and Chie Executives o the 100 oremost Travel & Tourism companies as its

members, WTTC has a unique mandate and overview on all matters related to Travel & Tourism.

WTTC works to raise awareness o Travel & Tourism as one o the world’s largest industries,

supporting over 260 million jobs and generating 9% o global GDP in 2012.

Together with its research partner, Oxord Economics, WTTC produces comprehensive reports

on an annual basis - to quantiy, compare and orecast the economic impact o Travel & Tourism

on 184 economies around the world. It also publishes a World report highlighting global trends,

as well as reports on regions, sub-regions and economic and geographic groups.

To download one-page summaries, the ull reports or spreadsheets, visi t www.wttc.org

aSSISTInG WTTC TO PROVIDE TOOLS fOR anaLySIS,BEnChmaRKInG, fORECaSTInG anD PLannInG.

Over the last 30 years, Oxord Economics has built a diverse and loyal client base o over 700

organisations worldwide, including international organisations, governments, central banks,

and both large and small businesses. Headquartered in Oxord, England, with oces in

London, Belast, Paris, the UAE, Singapore, Philadelphia, New York and San Francisco, Oxord

Economics employs over 80 ull-time, highly qualied economists and data analysts, while

maintaining links with a network o economists in universities worldwide.

For more inormation, please take advantage o a ree trial on our website,

www.oxordecooics.co, or contact Frances Nicholls, Head o Business Development,

Oxord Economics Ltd, Broadwall House, 21 Broadwall, London SE1 9PL.

Tel: +44 (0)207 803 1418, email: nichol [email protected]

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ChaIRman

TUI DEUTSCHLAND GMBH& TUIFLY GMBHDr Michael FrenzelChairman o the Executive Board

PRESIDEnT & CEO

WORLD TRAVEL & TOURISM COUNCILDavid Scowsill

VICE ChaIRmEn

BEIJING TOURISM GROUPDUAN QiangChairman

ETIHAD AIRWAYSJames HoganCEO

GLOBAL LEISURE PARTNERSMark HarmsChairman & CEO

JUMEIRAH GROUPGerald LawlessPresident & Group CEO

MANDARIN ORIENTALEdouard EttedguiGroup Chie Executive

SILVERSEA CRUISESManredi Leebvre d’Ovidio diBalsorano de ClunieresChairman

THE TRAVEL CORPORATIONBrett TollmanPresident & Chie Executive

WYNDHAM WORLDWIDEStephen P HolmesChairman & CEO

EXECuTIVE COmmITTEE

ABERCROMBIE & KENTGeorey J W KentFounder, Chairman & CEO

ACCORDenis HennequinChairman & CEO

AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY William GlennPresident, Global Merchant Network Group

BHARAT HOTELSJyotsna SuriChairperson & Managing Director

CARLSON

Douglas AndersonPresident & CEO Carlson Wagonlit Travel

EMIRATES

Gary Chapman President Group Services & Dnata,Emirates Group

HILTON WORLDWIDEChristopher J NassettaPresident & CEO

INTERCONTINENTAL HOTELS GROUPRichard SolomonsChie Executive

MARRIOTT INTERNATIONALJW Marriott, Jr Chairman

Arne M Sorenson

President & CEO

OUTRIGGER ENTERPRISES GROUPDr Richard R KelleyChairman Emeritus

REVOLUTION PLACESPhilippe Bourguignon

Vice Chairman

RIOFORTE INVESTMENTS SA Manuel Fernando Espírito SantoChairman

SABRE HOLDINGSTom KleinPresident

SHUN TAK HOLDINGSPansy HoManaging Director

JTB CORPHiromi TagawaPresident & CEO

TRAVEL GUARD WORLDWIDEJerey C RutledgeChairman & CEO

TRAVELPORTGordon WilsonPresident & CEO

TSOGO SUN GROUPJabu MabuzaDeputy Chairman

VISITBRITAINChristopher Rodrigues, CBEChairman

GLOBaL mEmBERS

ALTOUR Alexandre ChemlaPresident

AMADEUS IT GROUP SA Luis Maroto

President & CEO

AVIS BUDGET GROUPRonald L NelsonChairman & CEO

BEIJING CAPITAL

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT CODONG ZhiyiChairman

ZHANG GuanghuiPresident & CEO

BEIJING TOURISM GROUPLIU YiPresident

BEST DAY TRAVELFernando García ZalvideaPresident & Founder

BOSCOLO GROUPGiorgio Boscolo

CEO

BRITISH AIRWAYSKeith WilliamsChie Executive Ocer

CANNERY ROW COMPANY Ted J BalestreriChairman & CEO

CHINA INTERNATIONAL TRAVELSERVICE, HEAD OFFICE (CITS)

YU NingningPresident

CHINA SOUTHERN AIRLINESTAN Wangeng

President & CEO

COSTA CRUISESPier Luigi FoschiChairman o the Board

CTRIP.COM INTERNATIONALMin FanCEO

DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM & COMMERCE MARKETING,GOVERMENT OF DUBAIKhalid A bin SulayemDirector General

DIAMOND RESORTS

Stephen J CloobeckFounder & Chairman

DLA PIPERSir Nigel KnowlesCo-CEO & Managing Partner

DUBAILANDMohammed Al HabbaiCEO

DUBAI AIRPORTS INTERNATIONALPaul GrifthsCEO

EAST JAPAN RAILWAY COMPANY Satoshi Seino

Chairman & Director

EXPEDIA INCDara KhosrowshahiPresident & CEO

FAIRMONT HOTELS & RESORTS

Jennier FoxPresident

GLOBAL BLUE GROUPPer SetterbergPresident & CEO

HERTZ CORPORATIONMark FrissoraChairman & CEO,

Michel TaridePresident, Hertz International

HNA GROUPCHEN FengChairman o the Board

HOGG ROBINSON GROUPDavid RadclieChie Executive

HONG KONG & SHANGHAI HOTELSClement KwokCEO & MD

HOTELPLAN GROUPHans Lerch

Vice Chairman & CEO

HUANGSHAN TOURISM GROUP XU JiweiChairman

HYATT HOTELS CORPORATIONMark S HoplamazianPresident and CEO

IBMMarty SalenGeneral Manager, Global Travel &

Transportation Industry

INDIAN HOTELS COMPANY RK Krishna Kumar

Vice Chairman

INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES GROUPWillie WalshChie Executive

INTERSTATE HOTELS & RESORTSJim AbrahamsonCEO

JONES LANG LASALLE HOTELS Arthur de HaastChairman

LEBUA HOTELS & RESORTSRattawadee BualertPresident

Deepak OhriCEO

LOEWS HOTELSJonathan M Tisch

Chairman & CEO

LOS ANGELES WORLD AIRPORTSGina Marie LindseyExecutive Director

WTTC Members

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WTTC Members

LOTTE

Dong-Bin ShinChairman

MELIÁ HOTELS INTERNATIONALSebastián Escarrer

Vice Chairman

MESSE BERLIN GMBHRaimund HoschPresident & CEO

MGM RESORTSINTERNATIONALJim MurrenCEO

MISSION HILLS GROUPDr Ken ChuChairman & CEO

ORBITZ WORLDWIDEBarney HarordCEO

OTI HOLDING Ayhan BektasChairman

OZALTIN HOLDINGÖznur Özdemir

Vice Chairman

PALACE RESORTS

José Chapur ZahoulPresident

PAN PACIFIC HOTEL GROUPPatrick ImbardelliPresident & CEO

QUNARCC ZhuangCo-Founder & CEO

RADISSON EDWARDIAN HOTELSJasminder SinghChairman & CEO

REED TRAVEL EXHIBITIONS

Richard MortimoreManaging Director

RELAIS & CHÂTEAUX Jaume TàpiesPresident

ROYAL CARIBBEAN CRUISESRichard D FainChairman & CEO

R TAUCK & PARTNERSRobin TauckPresident

S-GROUP CAPITALMANAGEMENT

Vladimir YakushevManaging Partner

SHANGRI-LA INTERNATIONAL HOTEL

MANAGEMENTGreg DoganPresident & CEO

SHANGHAI JIN JIANG INTERNATIONALHOTELS

YANG WeiminCEO

SOUTH AFRICAN AIRWAYSSizakele MzimelaCEO

SPRING INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL SERVICES YU Wan

Vice-President

STARWOOD HOTELS & RESORTSWORLDWIDEFrits D van PaasschenPresident & CEO

TAJ HOTELS RESORTS & PALACESRaymond BicksonManaging Director & CEO

TAP PORTUGALFernando PintoCEO

TRANSAERO AIRLINES Alexander PleshakovChairman

TRAVEL LEADERSMichael BattChairman & CEO

UNITED AIRLINESJe SmisekPresident & CEO

Jim ComptonExecutive Vice President & Chie Rev-enue Ocer

VALUE RETAILDesiree Bollier

CEO

VIRTUOSOMatthew D Upchurch CTCCEO

WILDERNESS SAFARIS Andy PayneCEO

ZAGAT SURVEY LLCTim ZagatCo-Founder, Co-Chair & CEO

InDuSTRy PaRTnERS

BOSTON CONSULTING GROUPDr Achim FechtelSenior Partner & Managing Director

Dr Daniel Stelter Senior Partner & Managing Director

THE COCA-COLA COMPANY Steie D miller

Group Vice President, StrategicPartnership Marketing

DELOITTE Adam Weissenberg Vice Chairman & Partner, Deloitte & Touche LLP

GOOGLERob Torres

Managing Director or Travel

JCBKoreits Soi

President & Chie Operating Ocer

SPENCER STUARTJerry NoonanGlobal Consumer Leader

TOSHIBA CORPORATION atstosi nisid

Chairman o the Board

REGIOnaL mEmBERS

APPLE LEISURE GROUP Alex ZozayaCEO

DOURO AZULMario Ferreira

CEO

EL CID RESORTSCarlos BerdeguéCEO

JA RESORTS AND HOTELSKevin WallacePresident & CEO

MAKEMYTRIP.COMDeep KalraFounder & Chie Executive

NORTHERN CAUCACUS RESORTS Alexey AnatolyevichDirector General

ROTANA HOTEL MANAGEMENTCORPORATIONSelim El Zyr President & CEO

SHKP HOTELSRicco De BlankCEO

SWAIN TOURSIan SwainPresident

TREND OPERADORA LTDA Luis Paulo Luppa

CEO

hOnORaRy mEmBERS

ACCORGérard PélissonCo-Chairman,Supervisory Board

AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY Jonathan S Linen

Adviser to Chairman

ANDRÉ JORDAN GROUP André JordanChairman

THE HERTZ CORPORATIONFrank OlsenRetired Chairman o the Board

TOSCANA VILLE & CASTELLITommaso ZanzottoPresident

UNIVERSAL MEDIA Carl RudermanChairman

ChaIRman EmERITuS

RRE VENTURESJames D Robinson IIIGeneral PartnerWTTC Chairman (1990-1994)

ImmEDIaTE PaST

ChaIRman ABERCROMBIE & KENTGeorey J W KentFounder, Chairman & CEOWTTC Chairman (2007-2012)

fORmER ChaIRmEn

GLOBAL ALLIANCE ADVISORS LLC Vincent A WolfngtonChairman

WTTC Chairman (2004-2007)INTERCONTINENTAL HOTELS GROUPSir Ian Prosser Retired ChairmanWTTC Chairman (2001-2003)

AMERICAN EXPRESSHarvey GolubRetired Chairman & CEOWTTC Chairman (1996-2001)

ROBERT H BURNS HOLDINGSRobert H BurnsChairmanWTTC Chairman (1994-1996)

ImmEDIaTE PaSTPRESIDEnT

CREWE ASSOCIATESJean-Claude Baumgarten

Chairman & MD

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Notes

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1-2 Queen Victoria Terrace,

Sovereign Court,

London E1W 3HA

United Kingdom

Telephone: +44 (0) 20 7481 8007

Fax: +44 (0) 20 7488 1008

Email: [email protected]

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