World War II (1931 -1945) Lesson 4 A War on Two...
Transcript of World War II (1931 -1945) Lesson 4 A War on Two...
-
WorldWarII(1931-1945)Lesson4AWaronTwoFronts
-
LearningObjectives
• AnalyzethereasonsforandimpactoftheAllies’“EuropeFirst”strategy.• ExplainwhythebattlesofStalingradandMidwayweremajorturningpoints inthe
war.• DiscusshowtheAlliesput increasingpressureontheAxisinNorthAfricaandEurope.
WorldWarII(1931-1945)Lesson4AWaronTwoFronts
-
KeyTerms
• DwightEisenhower• GeorgeS.Patton,Jr.• OmarBradley,• unconditionalsurrender• saturationbombing• strategicbombing• TuskegeeAirmen• ChesterNimitz• BattleofMidway
WorldWarII(1931-1945)Lesson4AWaronTwoFronts
-
AlliedStrategy
TheattackonPearlHarborbroughtAmericaintoWorldWarIIontheAlliedside.ByJune1942,theAllieswerebatteredbutstillfighting.BritishpilotshadfoughtoffaNaziinvasionoftheirisland,whileattheBattleofCoralSea,theU.S.NavyhadfrustratedJapaneseplanstoextendtheirdominationinthePacific.Thoughyearsoffightinglayahead,theAlliesspiedsignsofhope.
-
AlliedStrategy
GermantroopsmarchthroughBerlin,Germany,tomarkthesurrenderofFrancein1940.InterpretWhatdoes thisphotosuggestaboutthepoweroftheAxisarmiesduringtheearlyyearsofthewar?
-
AlliedStrategy
AnalyzeChartsHowwerethegoalsofthecountriesfightinginWorldWarIIsimilaranddifferent?
-
TheEuropeanFront
ThefirstblowAmericastruckagainsttheAxiswasbyfulfillingRoosevelt'spromisetobethe'arsenalofdemocracy.'Americanfactoriesturnedoutmillionsoftonsofguns,tanks,andothersupplies—enough tokeeptheSovietsandBritishbattlingGermanyforyears.Theproblemwasdeliveringtheweapons,food,andmedicalsuppliesthatfueledtheAlliedwarmachine.
-
TheEuropeanFront
• WarintheAtlantic• SovietsandNazisBattleforStalingrad• WarinNorthAfrica• AlliesTakeOverNorthAfrica
-
TheEuropeanFront
AmericansailorswatchasAlliedbombersattackaGermanU-boat,1944.Afewminutesafterthisphotowastaken,theU-boatwassunk.
-
TheEuropeanFront
AnalyzeMapsUsetheinformationonthemaptosummarizethecourseofWorldWarIIinEuropebeforetheBattleofStalingrad.Support youranswerwithevidence fromthemap.
-
AxisPowersontheDefensive
Germanywasnowonthedefensive,andtheAlliesplannedtokeepitthatway.InJanuary1943,RooseveltandChurchillmetinCasablanca,Morocco,toplantheirnextmove.Theconferenceresultedintwoimportantdecisions.First,theAlliesdecidedtoincreasebombingofGermanyandinvadeItaly.Second,RooseveltannouncedthattheAllieswouldacceptonlyunconditionalsurrender,orgivingupcompletelywithout anyconcessions.Hitler,Mussolini,andTojocouldnothopetostayinpowerthroughapeaceagreement.
-
AxisPowersontheDefensive
• ItalySurrenders• AlliedBombersAttackGermany
-
AxisPowersontheDefensive
AmericansoldierswadeashoreduringtheAlliedinvasionofItaly,1943.
-
AxisPowersontheDefensive
TheB-24Liberator,shownhereinacross-section,wasthekingofAmericanbombersduringthewar,fasterthanprevious planesandabletoflyonlongermissions whilecarryingmorebombs.
-
TurningPointsinthePacific
WhiletheAlliespursuedtheir'EuropeFirst'strategy,theydidnot ignorethePacific.ThroughMay1942,Japaneseforcescontinuedtoadvancewithseeminglyunstoppablemomentum.TheyhadattackedAmerican,British,andDutchcolonies,winningcontrolofthePhilippines,Malaya,DutchEastIndies,HongKong,WakeIsland,Guam,andBurma.Then,theUnitedStatesstruckback.TheAmericansuccessattheBattleofCoralSeainMay1942servedasawarningthatthewarinthePacificwasabouttochange.
-
TurningPointsinthePacific
• AmericansTriumphatMidway• AmericansTaketheOffensive
-
TurningPointsinthePacific
AnalyzeMapsWhywasthelocationofMidwayIslandsosignificant?MakePredictionsWhatimpactwouldaJapanese victoryatMidwayhaveonthewarinthePacific?
-
TurningPointsinthePacific
TheAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSEnterprise,atleft,underJapaneseattackduringtheBattleofMidway.Explosions frombombs andgunfirearevisible asdarksmokeinthesky.
-
Quiz:AlliedStrategy
TherelationshipbetweentheAllieswascomplicatedby
A.AmericanneutralityinthefirstyearsofthewarinEurope.B.SovietmistrustofWesternintentions.C.AmericanconcernsoverJapaneseaggressioninthePacific.D.BritishconcernsoveritsbordersecurityintheAtlantic.
-
Quiz:TheEuropeanFront
WhydidtheAlliesdecidetowageacampaigninNorthAfricaratherthantheEuropeanmainland?
A.ItwouldrequirefewerresourcesandpavethewayforanAlliedinvasionofItaly.B.ItwouldallowtheAlliestogaincontrolofthepreciousoilfieldsintheMiddleEast.C.ItwouldforcetheAxistoretreatfromStalingradandgivetheSovietsachancetoregroup.D.ItwouldpreventtheAxisfromreceivingreinforcementsfromJapan’sIndianOceanfleet.
-
Quiz:AxisPowersontheDefensive
U.S.andBritishforcesstruckamajorblowagainsttheNazis’capacitytomakewarby
A.helpingdrivethemoutoftheSovietUnion.B.forcingItalytosurrenderandchangesides.C.cuttingoffitsaccesstotherichCaucasusoilfields.D.strategicallybombingGermany’smajorindustrialcenters.
-
Quiz:TurningPointsinthePacific
4.TheBattleofMidwayisconsideredoneofthemajorturningpointsofthewarbecause
A.iteffectivelydestroyedJapan’sabilityto launchairstrikes.B.iteliminatedJapan’smainrefuelingstationforitsairforce.C.itboughtU.S.forcesmoretimetofocusonthewarinEurope.D.ithaltedtheJapaneseadvanceandputthemonthedefensive.