WORLD WAR I THE END

1918 - 1921

The War’s End When the U.S.

entered the war, the Allied Powers had fresh soldiers and supplies

German troops

– Had no food and other supplies

– They were forced to retreat with the coming of the U.S. army

Armistice On October 4, 1918,

Germany asked Woodrow Wilson for an armistice (an agreement to stop fighting)

– The armistice began on November 11, 1918

• 11th day, 11th month, 11th

hour

• What is Armistice day called in the U.S. today?

World War I Ends in 1918

Wilson’s 14 Points

January 1919 – world leaders gather in Paris, France for a peace conference

President Wilson presents a peace plan to end all future wars known as the “Fourteen Points”

• Creation of new nations where people could determine how they wanted to be ruled = self-determination

• Ending of secret treaties and peaceful settlement of disputes over colonies

League of Nations

Wilson’s final point called

for the creation of an

international

organization where

countries would work

together to keep peace.

This organization was

known as the League of

Nations

Paris Peace Conference

The Allies disagreed on how to “punish”

the Central Powers

– Wilson did not want to punish them – other

Allies sought revenge (why?)

Countries and Leaders at the

Peace Conference

USA – Woodrow

Wilson

Great Britain – David

Lloyd George

France – George

Clemenceau

Treaty of Versailles

June 28, 1919

Forced Germany to accept guilt for war and pay reparations (pay for damages)

Limited Germany’s military

– Forbidden to have aircraft and submarines

Germany lost colonies and territories

League of Nations was created

American Opposition Wilson presented the Treaty of Versailles to the

U.S. Senate in July 1919 for ratification

– The Senate had to approve the treaty before the U.S

could officially accept it

Many Americans did

not trust the idea of a

League of Nations

They thought that an

organization would tie

America to international work

(protecting other nations)

forever

American Opposition The U.S. Senate

rejected the Treaty of

Versailles in 1920

– The U.S. did NOT join

the League of Nations

– In 1921 the U.S. signed

a separate treaty with

each of the Central

Powers, officially

ending the war.