World War I IntroTHURSDAY, JANUARY 11TH, 2018

Warm Up

1. What event is considered the trigger of WWI?

2. What is Nationalism?

Notes:

Today we are taking notes on WWI.

Please take out a piece of paper and write down key terms, figures and dates.

1. Militarism - building

up armed forces,

getting ready for war.

1914-1918

2. Alliances - agreements or

promises to defend and help another country.

a. Triple Alliance -

Germany, Austro-Hungary

& Italy

b. Triple Entente - Britain,

France & Russia

Triple Entente

Triple Alliance

Neutral

3. Imperialism - trying to

build up an Empire. Ta1910ble 1

1910 -1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures

France 10%

Britain 13%

Russia 39%

Germany 73%

1914-1918

3. Imperialism - trying to

build up an Empire.

4. Nationalism - having

pride in your country,

willing to defend it.

1914-1918

A. June 28, 1914,

Archduke Ferdinand,

of Austro-Hungary (A-H)

& his wife were

assassinated by Serbian

terrorists, Gavrila Princip

Sarajevo

•

Archduke Ferdinand and Wife

1914-1918

B. A-H blames Serbia -

- A-H declares war on Serbia

- Russia declares war A-H

- Germany declared War on Russia

- Germany declared war on France

- Britain declared war on Germany

I. Central Powers - Germany,

A-H, Bulgaria, Ottoman

Empire

2. Allied Powers - Britain,

France, Russia, Japan, Italy

Central

PowersAllied

Powers

Allied

Powers

1914-1918

II. Schliefen PlanA. Plan by Alfred von

Schlieffen’ - Germany

defeats France in 6

weeks & then attack

Russia.

B Plan Fails. Why?

- Germany met strong

resistance in Belgium

- Russia mobilized quicker

than expected

C. Germany abandoned

plan.

Schliefflen Plan

1914-1918

B. Trench warfare soon

became a war of

attrition -

wearing down the enemy

by continual losses in

people & material

A. Stalemate - deadlock in

which neither side is

able to defeat the other

1914-1918

- Poison Gas - 1st by

Germany, then by both -

caused blindness,

blisters, & death

A. Industrialization of War -

New Weapons

- Tank invented against

trench warfare

- Aircraft - spying behind

enemy lines & air battles

- Submarines - German

U-boats dominated the

seas

- Machine Gun - 100

rounds a minute

1914-1918

C. Western Front Battles- Battle of Verdun -French v. German- Battle 11 months long- 305,000 dead - no gains

- Battle of Somme -

- Eng/Fre v. Germ.

- 1 mil. dead -

- Eng/French gained 5

miles of land

1914-1918

A. Russia suffered massive

losses. - Huge population

`

Why? - Russia hadn’t

Industrialized, thus

- Russian army was short

on food, guns,

ammunition, clothes,

boots, & blankets

1914-1918

Total War

- all people & resources

devoted to war effort

- conscription - the draft

- censorship of the press

- propaganda - spreading

of ideas to promote a

cause or damage an

opposing cause

- Women worked in

factories for men in battle

1914-1918

1914-1918

1. U.S. Enters Wara. unrestricted submarine

warfare - submarines sink any ship in the waters around Britain w/o warning

- Lusitania sunk - 128

Americans dead-Americans

turned against Germ.

b. Zimmerman Telegram

Proposal to Mexico from

Germany to attack U.S.

- turned Americans against Germ..

c. Wilson declares war April 2,

1917

1914-1918

1914-1918

1. Armistice -an agreement to stop fighting

- November 11, armistice signed.

- 11 Day, 11 Month, 11 Hour