World War IEQ: How did the U.S. involvement in WWI affect the country as well

as NC?

Key Vocabulary

• Alliance: __________________________

___________________________________

• Central Powers: The alliance between Austria-Hungary and Germany & several other countries.

• Allied Powers: ______________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Key Vocab. Continued

• Trench Warfare: Defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches.

• Zimmerman Note: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Contributing Factors to WWI

Nationalism

• ___________________________________________________________________________

• Austria-Hungary included people from many cultural groups.

• Slavic nationalists wanted to break away from Austria-Hungary and join the independent Slavic country of Serbia.

Imperialism

• __________________________________________________________________________________________________

• Germany took the Alsace-Lorraine region from France in 1871, and France wanted it back.

Militarism

• __________________________________________________________________________________________

• Raced to build armies and navies

• Made alliances to protect themselves

The Spark that Ignited a War

• Feelings of fear and distrust grew among European powers.

• ____________________________________________________________________________– Slavic nationalists resisted violently; wanted to be a

part of Serbia

• __________________________________________________________________________

– Killed by a Serb nationalist, Gavrilo Princip

• ______________________________________

______________________

_____________________________

• Russia, an ally of Serbia

• France, an ally of Russia

• _________________________________________________

• ____________________________________

• __________________________________

• ___________________________________

Pulled into the Fighting

Technology of War

Land

Air

Sea

• Trench warfare, defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches, helped make the war long and deadly.

– Cold, wet, and muddy– Disease ran rampant

• New technologies– Machine guns– Poison gases– Tanks

• ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

America Prepares for War

• ____________________________________________________________________________– Americans viewed World War I as a European

conflict.• America continued to trade with European

nations during the war.– Carried supplies and war materials to the Allies.

• ____________________________________________________________________________– ___________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

America Prepares for WarCont . . .

• ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

• ____________________________________________________________

America Prepares for WarCont . . .

• Selective Service Act - 1917 – ____________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

– Almost 3 million Americans were drafted

• ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

American Women’s War Effort

• __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

– ________________________________________________________________________

– About 25,000 women volunteered to serve in non-combat positions in Europe.

• Other women protested America’s participation in the war

Russia Leaves the WarRevolution in Russia

New Government

• November 1917: a group of Russians known as the Bolsheviks overthrew the Russian government.

• Bolsheviks were Communists– people who favor the equal distribution of wealth and the end of all forms of private property.

• _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

• _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Germany Defeated• At home and on the battlefield, Germans were tired of war.

– Food shortages

– Riots and strikes

– Shortage of soldiers

• _____________________________________________________

– Austria-Hungary reached a peace accord with the Allies on November 3, 1918.

• __________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Cost of WWI

Casualties

• Allied: 5 million soldiers dead

• Central Powers: 3.5 million soldiers dead

Financial Losses

• $30 billion in property destroyed

• Allies: $145 billion spent

• Central Powers: $63 billion spent

The Treaty of Versailles• ___________________________________________________________

_________________________________

• ____________________________________________________________________________________________

• ____________________________________________________________________________________________

• ____________________________________________________________________________________________

The Treaty of Versailles Rejected

• ____________________________________________________________________

• ____________________________________________________________________– Felt like it gave them to much military power