The World WarsWorld War I (1914-1918)

World War II (1939-1945)In what ways were they connected?

How is it like dominoes?video video 2

WORLD WAR I

How did all this come about?

Alliances

Rivalries and Nationalism

The Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-HungaryThe Triple Entente: France, Russia,

Britain

Each European power guarded their statusStatus = high standing, rank, or prestige

A Powder Keg Waiting to Ignite

WORLD WAR I

AlliancesThe Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-

HungaryThe Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain

The intended purpose of an alliance was to promote peace by creating powerful combinations that no one would dare attack. In the end, they had the opposite effect!

WORLD WAR I

How did it all begin?

WORLD WAR IRivalries and Nationalism

Each European power guarded their status British

Empire x 10 people and x 100 the area

PlusTwo old empires

struggling to survive

Austria-Hungary

Ottoman- Turkey

“The sun never sets on the British Empire.”

WORLD WAR IRivalries and Nationalism

Economic Rivalries Germany was the newest of the great powers

Rapidly becoming economic and military powerhouse

German Confederation (gray) around 1820

Prussia (blue)Austria-Hungary (yellow)

WORLD WAR IRivalries and Nationalism

Economic Rivalries Each time Germany did something to

gain territory or influence, Britain and France would strengthen their ties

against GermanyTENSIONS CONTINUE TO GROW

German navy begins to rival

Britain’s-new weapons

matched-

WORLD WAR IRivalries and Nationalism

The military paints war in romantic colors…

blaring trumpets, dashing cavalry charges

GLORIFICATION OF THE MILITARY

WORLD WAR IRivalries and Nationalism

German pride in their new empire’s military power and industrial

leadership Russia sponsors Pan-Slavism, dreams of creating a South Slav

state

Nationalism strongin France and Germany

WORLD WAR I

Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary visits Sarajevo, the capital of

Bosnia

The Powder Keg Ignites

Ferdinand was heir to throne in Austria.Many Serbia nationalists angry about his

visit.

WORLD WAR I

Austria issues ultimatum !To avoid war, Serbia

must… End all anti-Austrian

agitation Punish any Serbian

official involved in the plot

Allow Austria to join in the investigation

The Powder Keg Ignites

Serbia agrees to most, but not all,

of the terms of Austria’s ultimatum

WORLD WAR I

July 28, 1914 Austria

declares war on Serbia

The Powder Keg Ignites

Alliances Kick In

“The fuse has been

lit!”

WORLD WAR IAlliances lead to WARThe Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-

HungaryThe Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain

The Call to Arms!THE CENTRAL POWERS: Germany, Italy, Austria-

HungaryThe ALLIES: France, Russia, Britain

WORLD WAR ITHE CALL TO ARMS!

Country Allied With Reasons for Entering War

Austria-Hungary

Germany Wanted to punish Serbia for encouraging terrorism

Germany Austria-Hungary

Stood by its one dependable ally, Austria-Hungary

Serbia RussiaAttacked by Austria-Hungary after assassination of Archduke

RussiaSerbia, France, Britain

Wanted to defend Slavic peoples in Serbia

FranceRussia and Britain

Wanted to avoid facing Germany alone at a later date

Belgium Neutral Invaded by Germany

BritainFrance and Russia Outraged by invasion of Belgium

WORLD WAR I

“Get ‘er done!”Countries wanted quick

response

Most marched through neutral countries in order to encircle

and crush the opposition

New Weapons & Trench Warfare

Reaction to the War

Military leaders insisted they mobilize forces

immediately to accomplish their

military goals. This made negotiations next

to impossible!

WORLD WAR I

Russia Revolution in 1917 forces their withdrawal from

the war

The Communist Party takes control of Russia shortly

thereafterFollowing the war, Treaty of Versailles is signed and the

conflict stops

IN THE AFTERMATH

WORLD WAR I

Treaty of Versailles is very hard on Germany- forced to disarm, give up

territory, and pay war damages to Allies

Picking up the pieces: millions of men, women & children die, and entire cities

destroyed

European map changes

Germany changes from monarchy to republic

IN THE AFTERMATH