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World War 1 Finale. 1917 - 1918 U-Boats U-Boats American entry American entry Russian revolution...
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World War 1World War 1
FinaleFinale
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1917 - 19181917 - 1918
U-BoatsU-Boats American entryAmerican entry Russian revolutionRussian revolution Last German offensiveLast German offensive Allied victoryAllied victory Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
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U - BoatsU - Boats
British had control British had control of the seasof the seas
Germans Germans countered with countered with submarine warfaresubmarine warfare
War on British War on British NavyNavy
War on cargo shipsWar on cargo ships Lead to US Lead to US
declaration of war declaration of war in April 1917in April 1917
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U - BoatsU - Boats
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U - BoatsU - Boats
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U - BoatsU - Boats
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Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution
In 1917, the war was going badly for In 1917, the war was going badly for RussiaRussia
Bloody revolution breaks out at homeBloody revolution breaks out at home Communists versus CzaristsCommunists versus Czarists Czarists are overthrownCzarists are overthrown New Russian leader – Lenin – makes New Russian leader – Lenin – makes
peace with the Germans peace with the Germans
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Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution
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Czars – Russian Ruling ClassCzars – Russian Ruling Class
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CommunistsCommunists
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The New LeaderThe New Leader
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LeninLenin
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Last German OffensiveLast German Offensive
With Russian surrender, Germans With Russian surrender, Germans focused their efforts on the western focused their efforts on the western frontfront
Their offensive brought them to Their offensive brought them to within 50 miles of Pariswithin 50 miles of Paris
Allies recovered, supported by newly Allies recovered, supported by newly arrived Americansarrived Americans
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Allied VictoryAllied Victory
PasschendaelePasschendaele CambraiCambrai MarneMarne Final months of the warFinal months of the war
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CambraiCambrai
Allied offensiveAllied offensive No preliminary bombardmentNo preliminary bombardment 476 tanks476 tanks Six infantry divisionsSix infantry divisions Two cavalry divisionsTwo cavalry divisions Costly for both sidesCostly for both sides
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Second Battle of the MarneSecond Battle of the Marne
15 July 191815 July 1918 LudendorffLudendorff Attempted breakthrough against Attempted breakthrough against
French Army, led by General French Army, led by General Ferdinand FochFerdinand Foch
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The GeneralsThe Generals
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MarneMarne
Germans failed to break throughGermans failed to break through French counterattacked, supported by French counterattacked, supported by
British Empire, US and Italian soldiersBritish Empire, US and Italian soldiers Germans were driven back to starting Germans were driven back to starting
positionposition Allied casualties were 120,000Allied casualties were 120,000 German casualties were 168,000German casualties were 168,000 Last major German offensiveLast major German offensive
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Final months of the war Final months of the war 19181918
The war continued on into NovemberThe war continued on into November Allied saw some success in battles Allied saw some success in battles
such as Amiens, Albert and Meuse-such as Amiens, Albert and Meuse-ArgonneArgonne
In the Mediterranean, other allied In the Mediterranean, other allied divisions were forcing the surrender of divisions were forcing the surrender of Turkey, Bulgaria and Austria Hungary.Turkey, Bulgaria and Austria Hungary.
War ends on November 11 1918War ends on November 11 1918
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AmiensAmiens
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Among the Defeated (under Among the Defeated (under X)X)
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Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
Drawn and signed by the major Drawn and signed by the major powers in 1919powers in 1919
Six months of negotiationsSix months of negotiations Many conflicting viewpointsMany conflicting viewpoints A compromise nobody likedA compromise nobody liked
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Treaty of Versailles SigningTreaty of Versailles Signing
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Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
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Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles PM PM
David Lloyd George UKUK
Vittorio Orlando ItalyItaly
Georges Clemenceau of France of France
President President Woodrow Wilson USA USA
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Also PresentAlso Present
Nguyen Ai QuocNguyen Ai Quoc Ho Chi MinhHo Chi Minh Vietnamese in Vietnamese in
Paris Paris unsuccessfully unsuccessfully attempt to present attempt to present a homeland a homeland independence independence document to document to Versailles Peace Versailles Peace Conference Conference
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Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
Military limitations placed on GermansMilitary limitations placed on Germans Germany gives back the Alsace-Germany gives back the Alsace-
Lorraine districtLorraine district Germany had to recognize the Germany had to recognize the
independence of various nationsindependence of various nations Germany loses its overseas coloniesGermany loses its overseas colonies German Army limited to 100,000 menGerman Army limited to 100,000 men