World Mortality 2009 Wall Chart

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Country or area 1 Annual number of deaths (thousands) Crude death rate (per 1,000) Life expectancy at birth (years) Infant mortality (deaths per 1,000 live births) Under- five mortality (deaths per 1,000 live births) Probability of dying (per 1,000) Percentage of deaths by cause 2 HIV preva- lence (among adults aged 15-49 as percen- tage) AIDS deaths (thou- sands) Maternal mortal- ity ratio (maternal deaths per 100,000 live births) 3 Both sexes Males Females From birth to age 15 From age 15 to age 60 From birth to age 60 Group I: Commu- nicable, perinatal, maternal, nutri- tional condi- tions Group II: Non- communi- cable diseases Group III: Injuries (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) 2005-2010 2004 2007 2005 World 56 844 8.5 68 65 70 47 71 85 175 244 31 59 10 0.8 2 000 400 More developed regions 4 12 349 10.1 77 74 81 6 8 10 116 124 6 86 8 .. .. 11 Less developed regions 5 44 495 8.1 66 64 67 52 78 93 188 264 37 52 10 .. .. 450 Least developed countries 6 9 232 11.4 56 55 57 82 132 160 297 410 63 30 8 .. .. 870 Other less developed countries 7 35 263 7.5 68 66 70 43 62 73 173 234 30 59 11 .. .. 310 Sub-Saharan Africa 8 11 286 13.9 51 50 53 89 148 183 385 498 66 26 8 5.0 1 500 900 Africa 12 200 12.5 54 53 55 83 136 167 338 449 64 28 7 .. .. 820 Eastern Africa 9 3 889 12.7 53 52 54 76 124 157 390 485 70 23 7 .. .. 750 Burundi 111 14.0 50 49 52 98 166 208 372 503 70 21 9 2.0 11 1 100 Comoros 10 4 6.8 65 63 67 48 63 74 203 262 51 41 7 <0.1 400 Djibouti 9 11.1 55 54 57 85 125 147 331 429 57 36 7 3.1 1 650 Eritrea 42 8.6 59 57 62 54 75 88 333 392 59 32 9 1.3 3 450 Ethiopia 955 12.0 55 54 56 79 131 164 320 431 70 24 6 2.1 67 720 Kenya 11 449 11.7 54 54 55 64 104 133 410 488 71 22 7 560 Madagascar 176 9.3 60 59 62 65 100 126 247 342 59 34 7 0.1 <1 510 Malawi 182 12.4 53 52 54 84 121 138 427 507 77 18 5 11.9 68 1 100 Mauritius 10, 12 9 7.2 72 69 76 15 17 20 171 188 6 88 6 1.7 15 Mayotte 1 2.9 76 72 80 7 9 11 107 117 .. .. .. .. .. .. Mozambique 356 16.1 48 47 49 90 153 191 472 573 70 24 6 12.5 81 520 Réunion 4 5.5 76 72 81 7 9 11 103 112 .. .. .. .. .. .. Rwanda 141 14.7 50 48 52 100 155 213 381 513 74 20 7 2.8 8 1 300 Somalia 141 15.9 50 48 51 110 180 228 346 495 62 26 11 0.5 2 1 400 Uganda 402 12.9 52 52 53 74 122 156 416 507 71 20 9 5.4 77 550 United Republic of Tanzania 484 11.5 55 55 56 65 106 134 372 456 68 25 7 6.2 96 950 Zambia 219 17.5 45 45 46 95 160 205 540 634 77 18 5 15.2 56 830 Zimbabwe 203 16.2 44 43 44 58 94 128 700 738 79 16 5 15.3 140 880 Middle Africa 1 990 16.4 48 47 50 112 189 235 380 526 71 22 8 .. .. 1 200 Angola 305 17.1 47 45 49 117 205 255 383 540 73 20 7 2.1 11 1 400 Cameroon 270 14.3 51 50 52 87 144 180 405 513 65 29 6 5.1 39 1 000 Central African Republic 73 17.1 47 45 48 105 180 225 443 568 65 26 8 6.3 11 980 Chad 181 16.8 49 47 50 130 211 240 340 498 71 23 6 3.5 14 1 500 Congo 46 12.9 54 53 55 79 128 162 367 470 65 28 7 3.5 6 740 Dem. Republic of the Congo 13 1 089 17.2 47 46 49 117 198 247 376 531 72 19 9 1 100 Equatorial Guinea 10 10 15.1 50 49 51 100 168 210 372 504 64 29 7 3.4 680 Gabon 14 9.8 60 59 62 51 80 99 303 372 51 41 8 5.9 2 520 Sao Tome and Principe 1 7.5 66 64 67 72 95 104 143 232 53 38 9 .. .. .. Northern Africa 1 337 6.6 68 66 70 42 56 67 155 211 28 62 10 .. .. 230 Algeria 169 4.9 72 71 74 31 33 39 113 147 30 60 9 0.1 <1 180 Egypt 14 475 5.9 70 68 72 35 41 45 136 175 17 78 5 <0.5 130 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 14 25 4.1 74 72 77 18 20 22 124 143 16 73 11 .. 97 Morocco 183 5.8 71 69 73 31 36 41 122 158 20 72 8 0.1 <1 240 Sudan 423 10.3 58 56 60 69 111 139 286 385 43 39 18 1.4 25 450 Tunisia 60 5.9 74 72 76 20 22 24 98 120 27 65 8 0.1 <0.2 100 Western Sahara 3 5.8 66 64 68 44 56 66 196 249 .. .. .. .. .. .. Southern Africa 839 14.8 52 50 53 49 72 89 537 578 59 32 9 .. .. 410 Botswana 22 11.7 55 55 55 36 54 71 485 521 76 18 6 23.9 11 380 Lesotho 34 16.9 45 44 46 70 104 126 642 687 72 24 4 23.2 18 960 Namibia 18 8.5 61 60 62 35 52 64 331 373 70 25 6 15.3 5 210 South Africa 746 15.1 52 50 53 49 72 88 541 581 57 33 9 18.1 350 400 Swaziland 18 15.7 46 46 45 66 102 127 626 673 74 20 6 26.1 10 390 Western Africa 15 4 146 14.4 51 50 52 98 166 202 353 484 68 26 6 .. .. 1 100 Benin 79 9.3 61 60 62 85 121 134 194 302 66 28 6 1.2 3 840 Burkina Faso 197 13.1 53 52 54 80 157 185 308 436 68 26 6 1.6 9 700 Cape Verde 2 5.0 71 68 74 26 31 36 132 163 37 53 10 .. .. 210 Côte d’Ivoire 223 10.9 57 56 59 87 123 139 301 398 64 25 11 3.9 38 810 Gambia 10 19 11.4 56 54 57 77 116 138 301 397 56 38 6 0.9 690 Ghana 258 11.2 57 56 57 73 117 147 310 411 60 34 6 1.9 21 560 Guinea 109 11.2 58 56 60 98 148 166 229 356 64 30 7 1.6 5 910 Guinea-Bissau 27 17.4 48 46 49 114 196 244 378 530 72 23 5 1.8 1 1 100 Liberia 39 10.6 58 57 59 95 140 157 233 353 76 17 7 1.7 2 1 200 Mali 200 15.9 48 48 49 106 191 223 375 515 69 26 5 1.5 6 970 Mauritania 33 10.5 57 55 59 73 120 142 277 379 56 37 7 0.8 <1 820 Niger 220 15.2 51 50 52 88 172 201 331 466 75 21 4 0.8 4 1 800 Nigeria 2 467 16.5 48 47 48 109 187 233 395 536 70 25 6 3.1 170 1 100 Senegal 132 11.0 55 54 57 58 120 143 302 402 56 38 7 1.0 2 980 Sierra Leone 88 16.0 47 46 49 104 148 180 489 581 73 21 6 1.7 3 2 100 Togo 52 8.2 62 61 64 71 98 109 221 305 65 29 6 3.3 9 510 Asia 29 980 7.4 69 67 71 42 58 68 160 217 27 61 11 .. .. 320 Eastern Asia 11 046 7.2 74 72 76 22 28 33 116 145 11 79 10 .. .. 48 China 16 9 321 7.0 73 71 75 23 29 34 122 152 10 79 10 0.1 39 45 China, Hong Kong SAR 17 42 6.1 82 79 85 4 5 5 55 60 .. .. .. .. .. .. China, Macao SAR 18 2 4.4 81 79 83 5 6 7 59 65 .. .. .. .. .. .. Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea 236 9.9 67 65 69 48 63 70 149 209 30 63 6 .. .. 370 Japan 14 1 164 9.1 83 79 86 3 4 5 57 62 12 80 7 <0.1 6 Mongolia 10 17 6.7 66 63 70 42 44 51 242 281 18 71 11 0.1 46 Republic of Korea 263 5.5 79 76 83 4 6 7 74 81 5 83 12 <0.1 <0.5 14 South-Central Asia 19 13 976 8.1 64 63 65 56 82 95 210 285 40 50 11 .. .. 480 Afghanistan 10 528 19.7 44 44 44 157 235 276 428 586 68 28 4 .. 1 800 Bangladesh 14 1 053 6.6 66 65 67 45 57 67 195 249 45 45 10 <0.5 570 Bhutan 10 5 7.2 66 64 68 44 64 80 195 259 40 50 10 0.1 440 India 9 960 8.5 63 62 65 55 81 96 221 296 39 50 11 0.3 .. 450 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 419 5.7 71 70 73 29 34 37 123 156 15 70 15 0.2 4 140 Kazakhstan 174 11.3 65 59 71 26 30 35 281 306 12 77 12 0.1 <0.5 140 Kyrgyzstan 40 7.4 68 64 72 37 46 50 196 237 17 73 9 0.1 <0.2 150 Maldives 10, 14 1 4.6 71 70 73 24 28 33 134 163 19 62 18 120 Nepal 185 6.5 67 66 67 42 54 63 188 239 46 44 11 0.5 5 830 Pakistan 1 225 7.0 66 66 67 64 89 100 151 236 46 45 8 0.1 5 320 Sri Lanka 10, 14 129 6.5 74 70 78 16 20 24 137 158 9 52 40 58 Tajikistan 44 6.4 67 64 69 60 78 90 177 251 46 50 4 0.3 <.5 170 Turkmenistan 39 7.7 65 61 69 50 64 75 231 288 27 66 7 <0.1 .. 130 Uzbekistan 176 6.5 68 65 71 48 58 67 191 245 25 69 6 0.1 <0.5 24 South-Eastern Asia 3 736 6.5 70 68 72 28 37 43 160 196 29 55 16 .. .. 300 Brunei Darussalam 1 2.8 77 75 80 6 7 8 81 88 10 80 10 .. .. 13 Cambodia 121 8.4 61 59 63 62 89 104 259 335 55 38 6 0.8 7 540 Indonesia 1 429 6.3 71 69 73 27 32 37 143 174 25 51 24 0.2 9 420 Lao People’s Dem. Republic 44 7.1 65 63 66 50 65 76 207 268 46 43 11 0.2 <0.1 660 Malaysia 120 4.5 74 72 77 9 11 14 120 133 21 70 9 0.5 4 62 Myanmar 491 9.9 61 59 63 75 111 130 228 328 41 51 8 0.7 25 380 Philippines 14 431 4.8 72 70 74 23 27 31 130 157 35 57 8 <0.2 230 Singapore 23 5.1 80 78 83 3 4 5 62 67 17 77 6 0.2 <0.2 14 Thailand 599 8.9 69 66 72 7 10 17 237 250 28 61 11 1.4 30 110 Timor-Leste 10 8.8 61 60 62 67 92 108 250 331 56 36 8 .. .. 380 Viet Nam 467 5.4 74 72 76 20 23 28 113 138 23 68 9 0.5 24 150 Western Asia 1 222 5.5 71 69 74 30 37 42 132 169 23 63 14 .. .. 160 Armenia 27 8.7 74 70 77 25 28 30 119 146 4 92 3 0.1 <0.2 76 Azerbaijan 59 6.8 70 68 72 43 53 58 146 195 17 80 3 0.2 <0.1 82 Bahrain 14 2 2.6 76 74 77 10 13 15 88 102 9 81 10 .. 32 Cyprus 14 6 7.1 80 77 82 5 7 7 59 66 7 89 4 .. 10 Georgia 10 52 11.9 72 68 75 35 36 39 136 170 8 89 3 0.1 66 Iraq 14 182 6.1 67 63 72 33 41 50 174 215 33 36 30 .. 300 Israel 38 5.5 81 79 83 5 6 7 59 65 6 88 6 0.1 <0.2 4 Jordan 14 25 4.2 73 71 74 19 22 26 140 162 17 72 11 .. 62 Kuwait 14 5 1.9 78 76 80 9 10 12 74 86 10 74 16 .. 4 Lebanon 29 6.9 72 70 74 22 26 30 126 152 10 78 11 0.1 <0.2 150 Occupied Palestinian Territory 15 3.7 73 72 75 18 20 23 109 130 .. .. .. .. .. .. Oman 14 7 2.7 76 74 77 12 14 16 90 104 8 81 11 .. 64 Qatar 14 2 2.0 76 75 77 8 10 13 110 122 12 72 16 .. 12 Saudi Arabia 14 91 3.6 73 71 75 19 22 25 120 142 16 67 17 .. 18 Syrian Arab Republic 14 71 3.4 74 72 76 16 18 21 103 122 14 76 9 .. 130 Turkey 14 437 6.0 72 69 74 28 32 35 118 149 13 81 6 .. 44 United Arab Emirates 14 7 1.5 77 77 79 10 11 12 75 86 16 64 20 .. 37 Yemen 14 166 7.4 63 61 64 59 79 93 229 301 47 42 10 .. 430 Country or area 1 Annual number of deaths (thousands) Crude death rate (per 1,000) Life expectancy at birth (years) Infant mortality (deaths per 1,000 live births) Under- five mortality (deaths per 1,000 live births) Probability of dying (per 1,000) Percentage of deaths by cause 2 HIV preva- lence (among adults aged 15-49 as percen- tage) AIDS deaths (thou- sands) Maternal mortal- ity ratio (maternal deaths per 100,000 live births) 3 Both sexes Males Females From birth to age 15 From age 15 to age 60 From birth to age 60 Group I: Commu- nicable, perinatal, maternal, nutri- tional condi- tions Group II: Non- communi- cable diseases Group III: Injuries (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) 2005-2010 2004 2007 2005 Europe 8 334 11.4 75 71 79 7 9 11 139 149 5 87 9 .. .. 13 Eastern Europe 4 132 14.0 69 64 75 11 14 17 228 242 4 84 12 .. .. 21 Belarus 142 14.7 69 63 75 9 12 14 223 234 2 86 12 0.2 1 18 Bulgaria 10 111 14.6 73 70 77 12 15 18 129 144 2 94 3 .. 11 Czech Republic 10, 14 111 10.8 76 73 80 4 5 6 96 102 3 91 7 4 Hungary 10 135 13.4 73 69 77 7 8 10 156 164 2 92 7 0.1 6 Poland 381 10.0 76 71 80 7 8 10 123 132 3 90 7 0.1 <0.2 8 Republic of Moldova 47 12.9 68 65 72 18 23 27 203 225 4 88 8 0.4 <0.1 22 Romania 10 264 12.3 73 69 76 15 18 21 139 157 4 91 5 0.1 24 Russian Federation 2 146 15.1 66 60 73 12 16 19 286 300 5 80 16 1.1 40 28 Slovakia 54 10.0 75 71 79 7 8 10 125 133 4 90 6 <0.1 .. 6 Ukraine 741 16.0 68 63 74 12 15 19 242 256 4 87 9 1.6 19 18 Northern Europe 20 971 9.9 79 76 81 5 6 7 80 86 7 89 5 .. .. 7 Channel Islands 21 1 9.5 79 77 81 5 6 7 61 67 .. .. .. .. .. .. Denmark 10 56 10.3 78 76 81 4 6 7 86 92 4 91 5 0.2 3 Estonia 17 12.9 73 68 78 8 10 12 171 181 3 87 10 1.3 <0.5 25 Finland 10, 22 50 9.4 80 76 83 3 4 5 77 82 5 86 9 0.1 7 Iceland 10 2 6.1 82 80 83 3 4 5 49 54 4 90 6 0.2 4 Ireland 28 6.4 80 78 82 4 6 7 63 69 8 87 5 0.2 <0.1 1 Latvia 31 13.8 72 67 77 9 11 14 173 184 3 88 10 0.8 <0.5 10 Lithuania 44 13.1 72 66 78 9 12 14 189 200 3 85 12 0.1 <0.2 11 Norway 10, 23 41 8.7 81 78 83 3 5 6 61 66 6 88 6 0.1 7 Sweden 92 10.1 81 79 83 3 4 5 58 63 5 90 5 0.1 <0.1 3 United Kingdom 607 9.9 79 77 82 5 6 7 71 78 8 89 3 0.2 <0.5 8 Southern Europe 24 1 466 9.7 80 77 83 5 6 8 72 79 4 91 5 .. .. 8 Albania 14 19 6.2 76 73 80 16 18 20 78 97 6 87 7 .. 92 Bosnia and Herzegovina 37 9.8 75 72 78 13 15 16 98 112 3 93 5 <0.1 .. 3 Croatia 51 11.5 76 73 80 6 8 9 103 111 4 90 6 <0.1 .. 7 Greece 113 10.2 79 77 81 4 4 5 65 70 4 92 4 0.2 <0.1 3 Italy 589 9.9 81 78 84 4 5 6 62 68 3 92 5 0.4 2 3 Malta 10 3 7.8 80 78 81 6 7 9 59 68 8 88 4 0.1 8 Montenegro 25 6 10.2 74 72 76 9 10 11 125 135 .. .. .. .. .. .. Portugal 108 10.1 79 75 82 4 5 7 81 87 7 88 5 0.5 <0.5 11 Serbia 25 114 11.6 74 72 76 12 14 16 118 132 .. .. .. 0.1 <0.1 .. Slovenia 19 9.5 78 75 82 4 5 6 88 93 6 86 8 <0.1 <0.1 6 Spain 386 8.7 81 78 84 4 5 6 66 71 5 91 5 0.5 2 4 TFYR Macedonia 26 19 9.1 74 72 77 15 17 19 109 126 3 89 8 <0.1 .. 10 Western Europe 27 1 764 9.4 80 77 83 4 5 6 71 77 5 90 5 .. .. 6 Austria 10 77 9.3 80 77 83 4 5 6 70 76 3 91 6 0.2 4 Belgium 103 9.7 80 77 83 4 5 6 74 80 6 89 6 0.2 <0.1 8 France 530 8.6 81 78 85 4 5 6 72 77 6 87 7 0.4 2 8 Germany 849 10.3 80 77 82 4 5 6 70 76 4 92 4 0.1 <0.5 4 Luxembourg 10 4 8.2 79 77 82 4 6 7 71 78 7 86 7 0.2 12 Netherlands 138 8.4 80 78 82 4 6 7 65 71 7 90 4 0.2 <0.2 6 Switzerland 62 8.3 82 79 84 4 5 6 58 64 4 90 6 0.6 <0.5 5 Latin America and the Caribbean 3 409 6.0 73 70 77 22 28 33 147 175 19 69 12 .. .. 130 Caribbean 28 304 7.3 72 69 74 34 45 52 153 197 30 59 11 1.1 14 300 Aruba 1 7.3 75 72 77 16 18 20 99 117 .. .. .. .. .. .. Bahamas 2 6.0 73 71 76 9 13 18 168 183 25 64 11 3.0 <0.2 16 Barbados 2 7.7 77 74 80 10 11 13 84 96 14 81 5 1.2 <0.1 16 Cuba 77 6.8 79 77 81 5 8 10 89 98 9 82 8 0.1 <0.1 45 Dominican Republic 58 5.9 72 70 75 30 33 38 172 204 23 66 12 1.1 4 150 Grenada 1 6.2 75 74 77 13 15 17 92 107 17 78 5 .. .. .. Guadeloupe 4 7.9 79 76 82 7 9 10 87 96 .. .. .. .. .. .. Haiti 89 9.1 61 59 63 62 85 100 256 331 54 32 14 2.2 7 670 Jamaica 20 7.4 72 68 75 23 28 32 173 200 17 75 8 1.6 2 170 Martinique 3 7.7 80 77 82 7 8 10 85 94 .. .. .. .. .. .. Netherlands Antilles 1 7.4 76 73 79 13 14 16 115 129 .. .. .. .. .. .. Puerto Rico 31 7.8 79 75 83 7 9 10 92 101 .. .. .. .. .. 18 Saint Lucia 1 6.6 74 72 76 13 16 19 135 151 11 78 11 .. .. .. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1 7.5 72 69 74 23 28 32 132 160 20 72 8 .. .. .. Trinidad and Tobago 10 11 8.0 69 66 73 26 33 38 190 220 15 78 7 1.5 45 United States Virgin Islands 1 6.9 79 76 82 9 10 11 75 86 .. .. .. .. .. .. Central America 731 4.9 75 73 78 20 25 29 120 146 18 71 11 .. .. 120 Belize 1 3.7 76 74 78 17 21 23 109 130 22 62 16 2.1 <0.2 52 Costa Rica 18 4.1 79 76 81 10 11 14 87 99 8 80 12 0.4 <0.2 30 El Salvador 42 6.8 71 67 76 22 26 31 203 228 25 60 15 0.8 2 170 Guatemala 77 5.7 70 67 74 30 39 47 180 218 40 47 13 0.8 4 290 Honduras 37 5.1 72 70 75 28 39 48 147 188 27 64 9 0.7 2 280 Mexico 512 4.7 76 74 79 17 20 24 109 130 14 76 10 0.3 11 60 Nicaragua 27 4.7 73 70 76 21 26 31 163 189 22 67 10 0.2 <0.5 170 Panama 17 5.0 76 73 78 18 24 28 106 131 20 69 11 1.0 <1 130 South America 29 2 374 6.2 73 70 77 21 28 33 155 183 18 70 12 .. .. 120 Argentina 309 7.8 75 72 79 13 16 18 122 138 13 80 6 0.5 7 77 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 73 7.6 66 63 68 46 61 80 206 269 37 55 8 0.2 <0.5 290 Brazil 1 214 6.4 72 69 76 23 29 34 176 204 19 70 11 0.6 15 110 Chile 90 5.4 78 76 82 7 9 11 93 103 8 83 8 0.3 1 16 Colombia 246 5.5 73 69 77 19 26 31 148 174 14 59 26 0.6 10 130 Ecuador 69 5.2 75 72 78 21 26 31 127 154 22 64 13 0.3 1 210 French Guiana 1 3.7 76 73 80 13 15 17 90 106 .. .. .. .. .. .. Guyana 6 8.2 67 64 70 42 56 66 207 260 27 62 11 2.5 <1 470 Paraguay 34 5.6 72 70 74 32 38 44 150 188 20 68 12 0.6 <1 150 Peru 155 5.4 73 71 76 21 33 40 134 168 31 61 9 0.5 3 240 Suriname 10 4 7.6 69 65 73 22 31 36 205 233 20 69 11 2.4 72 Uruguay 31 9.3 76 73 80 13 16 18 103 119 8 86 6 0.6 <0.5 20 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 142 5.1 74 71 77 17 22 26 136 159 14 66 20 .. .. 57 Northern America 30 2 678 7.8 79 77 82 6 7 9 87 94 6 87 7 .. .. 10 Canada 245 7.4 81 78 83 5 6 7 67 73 5 89 6 0.4 <0.5 7 United States of America 2 432 7.8 79 77 81 6 7 9 89 97 6 87 7 0.6 22 11 Oceania 243 7.0 76 74 79 23 30 35 101 132 16 77 7 0.4 1 180 Australia/New Zealand 173 6.9 81 79 84 5 6 7 59 66 4 90 6 .. .. 5 Australia 31 144 6.9 81 79 84 5 6 7 58 64 5 89 6 0.2 <0.1 4 New Zealand 10 30 7.0 80 78 82 5 6 7 69 76 3 91 6 0.1 9 Melanesia 63 7.6 63 61 65 47 63 74 275 328 48 43 9 .. .. 430 Fiji 10 6 6.6 69 67 71 20 24 29 192 215 19 75 5 0.1 210 New Caledonia 1 5.5 76 73 80 6 9 11 104 114 .. .. .. .. .. .. Papua New Guinea 52 8.0 61 59 63 51 69 81 306 362 53 38 9 1.5 <1 470 Solomon Islands 3 6.2 66 65 67 44 57 66 194 248 37 57 6 .. .. 220 Vanuatu 1 5.0 70 68 72 28 34 40 149 182 29 66 6 .. .. .. Micronesia 32 3 5.1 72 70 74 25 30 35 125 155 24 71 5 .. .. .. Guam 1 5.5 76 73 78 9 10 13 94 106 .. .. .. .. .. .. Micronesia (Fed. States of) 1 6.1 69 68 69 34 42 49 166 207 24 71 5 .. .. .. Polynesia 33 4 5.4 73 70 76 17 21 24 136 157 24 72 5 .. .. .. French Polynesia 1 5.1 74 72 77 8 10 13 123 134 .. .. .. .. .. .. Samoa 1 5.3 72 69 75 22 27 30 155 181 24 71 5 .. .. .. Tonga 1 6.1 72 69 75 22 26 29 150 175 23 73 4 .. .. .. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division www.unpopulation.org World Mortality 2009 Annual number of deaths: Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009. Crude death rate: Number of deaths over a given period divided by the person-years lived by the population over that period. It is expressed as number of deaths per 1,000 pop- ulation. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009. Life expectancy at birth:The average number of years of life expected by a hypothetical cohort of individuals who would be subject during all their lives to the mortality rates of a given period. It is expressed in years. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009. Infant mortality: Probability of dying between birth and exact age 1. It is expressed as deaths per 1,000 live births. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publica- tion, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009. Under-five mortality: Probability of dying between birth and exact age 5. It is expressed as deaths per 1,000 live births. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009. Probability of dying: The probability that, given the mortality conditions of the given year or period, an individual alive at exact age x would die before exact age x+n ; this wallchart presents the probability of dying between birth and exact age 15 (column 8), between exact age 15 and exact age 60 (column 9) and between birth and exact age 60 (column 10). It is expressed as deaths per 1,000 live births (columns 8 and 10) or per 1,000 persons living at exact age 15 (column 9). The probability of survival is the complement of these figures, that is, 1,000 minus the probability of dying, and it represents survivors per 1,000 persons. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009. Percentage of deaths by cause: Group I refers to deaths from communicable, maternal, peri- natal and nutritional conditions; Group II refers to deaths from non-communicable diseases; and Group III refers to deaths from injuries, including homicides and suicides. Estimates of the proportion of deaths by cause for regional and other country aggregates exclude areas that are not member States of the World Health Organization (WHO). Source: World Health Organization (2009). Death and DALY Estimates for 2004 by Cause for WHO Member States (Geneva). Data available online at http://www. who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/ gbddeathdalycountryestimates2004.xls. HIV prevalence: The percentage of adults aged 15 to 49 who were living with HIV at the end of the year. Source: UNAIDS (2008). 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Geneva). Data available online at http://data. unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2008/20080820_ gr08_annex1_table_en.xls. AIDS deaths: The number of adults and children who died from AIDS during the year. Source: UNAIDS (2008). 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Geneva). Data available online at http://data.unaids.org/pub/ GlobalReport/2008/20080820_gr08_annex1_ table_en.xls. Maternal mortality ratio: The number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100,000 live births during the same time period. A maternal death is defined as the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespec- tive of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes. Source: World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank (2007). Maternal Mortality in 2005 (Geneva). Data available online at http://www. who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/ monitoring/9789241596213/en/index.html. Definitions and sources Under-five mortality by major area, 1950-2010 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2010 2005 Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 live births Africa Asia Europe Latin America and the Caribbean Northern America Oceania Life expectancy at birth by development group, 1950-2010 Years World Least developed countries More developed regions Other less developed countries 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2010 2005 Life expectancy at birth, 2005-2010 Less than 50 50 to 60 60 to 70 70 to 80 80 or over No data Life expectancy at birth (years) The designations employed and the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations “more developed” and “less developed” regions are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The term “country” as used in this publication also refers, as appropriate, to ter- ritories or areas. Two dots (..) indicate that data are not available. Three dots (…) indicate that UNAIDS published a range of estimates for the country, but no point estimate. Figures may not add to totals because of rounding. Countries or areas listed individually are only 1 those with 100,000 inhabitants or more in 2009; the rest are included in the regional aggregates but are not listed separately. Estimates for regional aggregates exclude 2 areas that are not member States of WHO. This exclusion affects particularly the estimates for the Caribbean (13 per cent of the regional deaths were excluded), Micronesia (37 per cent of deaths were excluded) and Polynesia (47 per cent of deaths were excluded). Estimated maternal mortality ratios (MMR) 3 for regional aggregates assume that countries or areas for which estimates were not avail- able have an MMR equal to the average for other countries in the region with estimates available. More developed regions comprise all regions 4 of Europe plus Northern America, Australia/ New Zealand and Japan. Less developed regions comprise all regions 5 of Africa, Asia (excluding Japan), Latin America and the Caribbean plus Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. The current list of least developed countries, 6 as defined by the United Nations General Assembly, includes 49 countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, the Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Mada- gascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, the Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia. The least developed countries are a subset of all less developed countries and are located in the less developed regions. Other less developed countries are those 7 in the less developed regions minus the least developed countries. Sub-Saharan Africa includes the countries 8 in Africa minus those in Northern Africa plus the Sudan. Including Seychelles. 9 For some countries, UNAIDS published an 10 upper bound estimate of the number of AIDS deaths in 2007, but no point estimate. The upper bound indicated that each of the following countries had fewer than 1,000 AIDS deaths in 2007: Afghanistan, Austria, Bhutan, Bulgaria, Comoros, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Finland, the Gambia, Georgia, Hungary, Iceland, Luxembourg, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mongolia, New Zealand, Norway, Romania, Sri Lanka, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. For more informa- tion see the 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic by UNAIDS, available online at http:// www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/ GlobalReport/2008/2008_Global_report.asp. UNAIDS estimated that, at the end of 2007, 11 adult HIV prevalence in Kenya was between 7.1 per cent and 8.5 per cent and that between 85,000 and 130,000 AIDS deaths occurred in the country that year. No point estimates were presented. Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint 12 Brandon. UNAIDS estimated that, at the end of 2007, 13 adult HIV prevalence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was between 1.2 per cent and 1.5 per cent and that between 24,000 and 34,000 AIDS deaths occurred in the country that year. No point estimates were presented. For some countries, UNAIDS published an 14 upper bound estimate of adult HIV prevalence in 2007, but no point estimate. The upper bound indicated that adult HIV prevalence was below 0.2 per cent at the end of 2007 in the following countries: Albania, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Egypt, Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Maldives, Oman, the Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, the Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen. For more infor- mation see the 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic by UNAIDS, available online at http:// www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/ GlobalReport/2008/2008_Global_report.asp. Including Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan 15 da Cunha. For statistical purposes, the data for China 16 do not include Hong Kong and Macao, Special Administrative Regions (SAR) of China. As of 1 July 1997, Hong Kong became a 17 Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China. As of 20 December 1999, Macao became a 18 Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China. The regions of Southern Asia and Central 19 Asia are combined into South-Central Asia. Including the Faeroe Islands and the Isle 20 of Man. Refers to Guernsey and Jersey. 21 Including the Åland Islands. 22 Including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands. 23 Including Andorra, Gibraltar, the Holy See 24 (refers to the Vatican City State) and San Marino. Montenegro and Serbia formally dissolved 25 into two independent countries on 3 June 2006. WHO estimated that in 2004 the distribution of deaths by cause for the combined populations of Serbia and Montenegro was: 2 per cent of deaths were due to Group I causes; 94 per cent to Group II causes; and 4 per cent to Group III causes. WHO and others (2007) estimated that the maternal mortality ratio for the combined populations of Serbia and Montenegro in 2005 was 14 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. 26 Including Liechtenstein and Monaco. 27 Including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, 28 the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Dominica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. Including the Falkland Islands (Malvinas). 29 Including Bermuda, Greenland, and Saint 30 Pierre and Miquelon. Including Christmas Island, the Cocos 31 (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island. Including Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, 32 Nauru, the Northern Mariana Islands and Palau. Including American Samoa, the Cook Islands, 33 Niue, Pitcairn, Tokelau, Tuvalu, and the Wallis and Futuna Islands. Percentage of world population Share of world population by level of life expectancy at birth 1950-1955 1975-1980 0 20 40 60 80 100 2005-2010 80 or over 70-80 60-70 50-60 40-50 Less than 40 Notes Suggested citation: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Mortality 2009. Wallchart (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XIII.4).

description

World Mortality 2009 presents key indicators of mortality at the global, regional and country levels; it includes data for 196 countries or areas. The wall chart highlights variations among countries in a number of indicators of mortality: annual deaths; crude death rates; life expectancy at birth by sex; infant mortality; under-five mortality; and probabilities of dying from birth to age 15, from age 15 to age 60, and from birth to age 60. Estimates of mortality are complemented by information related to major causes of death, such as the proportion of deaths due to three broad groups of causes, adult HIV prevalence, AIDS deaths, and the maternal mortality ratio.

Transcript of World Mortality 2009 Wall Chart

Page 1: World Mortality 2009 Wall Chart

Country or area 1

Annual number

of deaths (thousands)

Crude death

rate (per 1,000)

Life expectancy at birth (years)

Infant mortality (deaths

per 1,000 live

births)

Under-five

mortality (deaths

per 1,000 live

births)

Probability of dying (per 1,000)

Percentage of deaths by cause 2

HIV preva-lence

(among adults aged

15-49 as percen-tage)

AIDS deaths (thou-sands)

Maternal mortal-ity ratio

(maternal deaths per

100,000 live

births) 3Both sexes Males Females

From birth to age 15

From age 15 to

age 60

From birth to age 60

Group I: Commu-nicable,

perinatal, maternal,

nutri-tional condi-tions

Group II: Non-

communi-cable

diseasesGroup III: Injuries

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

2005-2010 2004 2007 2005

World 56 844 8.5 68 65 70 47 71 85 175 244 31 59 10 0.8 2 000 400

More developed regions 4 12 349 10.1 77 74 81 6 8 10 116 124 6 86 8 .. .. 11

Less developed regions 5 44 495 8.1 66 64 67 52 78 93 188 264 37 52 10 .. .. 450

Least developed countries 6 9 232 11.4 56 55 57 82 132 160 297 410 63 30 8 .. .. 870

Other less developed countries 7 35 263 7.5 68 66 70 43 62 73 173 234 30 59 11 .. .. 310

Sub-Saharan Africa 8 11 286 13.9 51 50 53 89 148 183 385 498 66 26 8 5.0 1 500 900

Africa 12 200 12.5 54 53 55 83 136 167 338 449 64 28 7 .. .. 820

Eastern Africa 9 3 889 12.7 53 52 54 76 124 157 390 485 70 23 7 .. .. 750Burundi 111 14.0 50 49 52 98 166 208 372 503 70 21 9 2.0 11 1 100Comoros 10 4 6.8 65 63 67 48 63 74 203 262 51 41 7 <0.1 … 400Djibouti 9 11.1 55 54 57 85 125 147 331 429 57 36 7 3.1 1 650Eritrea 42 8.6 59 57 62 54 75 88 333 392 59 32 9 1.3 3 450Ethiopia 955 12.0 55 54 56 79 131 164 320 431 70 24 6 2.1 67 720Kenya 11 449 11.7 54 54 55 64 104 133 410 488 71 22 7 … … 560Madagascar 176 9.3 60 59 62 65 100 126 247 342 59 34 7 0.1 <1 510Malawi 182 12.4 53 52 54 84 121 138 427 507 77 18 5 11.9 68 1 100Mauritius 10, 12 9 7.2 72 69 76 15 17 20 171 188 6 88 6 1.7 … 15Mayotte 1 2.9 76 72 80 7 9 11 107 117 .. .. .. .. .. ..Mozambique 356 16.1 48 47 49 90 153 191 472 573 70 24 6 12.5 81 520Réunion 4 5.5 76 72 81 7 9 11 103 112 .. .. .. .. .. ..Rwanda 141 14.7 50 48 52 100 155 213 381 513 74 20 7 2.8 8 1 300Somalia 141 15.9 50 48 51 110 180 228 346 495 62 26 11 0.5 2 1 400Uganda 402 12.9 52 52 53 74 122 156 416 507 71 20 9 5.4 77 550United Republic of Tanzania 484 11.5 55 55 56 65 106 134 372 456 68 25 7 6.2 96 950Zambia 219 17.5 45 45 46 95 160 205 540 634 77 18 5 15.2 56 830Zimbabwe 203 16.2 44 43 44 58 94 128 700 738 79 16 5 15.3 140 880

Middle Africa 1 990 16.4 48 47 50 112 189 235 380 526 71 22 8 .. .. 1 200

Angola 305 17.1 47 45 49 117 205 255 383 540 73 20 7 2.1 11 1 400Cameroon 270 14.3 51 50 52 87 144 180 405 513 65 29 6 5.1 39 1 000Central African Republic 73 17.1 47 45 48 105 180 225 443 568 65 26 8 6.3 11 980Chad 181 16.8 49 47 50 130 211 240 340 498 71 23 6 3.5 14 1 500Congo 46 12.9 54 53 55 79 128 162 367 470 65 28 7 3.5 6 740Dem. Republic of the Congo 13 1 089 17.2 47 46 49 117 198 247 376 531 72 19 9 … … 1 100Equatorial Guinea 10 10 15.1 50 49 51 100 168 210 372 504 64 29 7 3.4 … 680Gabon 14 9.8 60 59 62 51 80 99 303 372 51 41 8 5.9 2 520Sao Tome and Principe 1 7.5 66 64 67 72 95 104 143 232 53 38 9 .. .. ..

Northern Africa 1 337 6.6 68 66 70 42 56 67 155 211 28 62 10 .. .. 230

Algeria 169 4.9 72 71 74 31 33 39 113 147 30 60 9 0.1 <1 180Egypt 14 475 5.9 70 68 72 35 41 45 136 175 17 78 5 … <0.5 130Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 14 25 4.1 74 72 77 18 20 22 124 143 16 73 11 … .. 97Morocco 183 5.8 71 69 73 31 36 41 122 158 20 72 8 0.1 <1 240Sudan 423 10.3 58 56 60 69 111 139 286 385 43 39 18 1.4 25 450Tunisia 60 5.9 74 72 76 20 22 24 98 120 27 65 8 0.1 <0.2 100Western Sahara 3 5.8 66 64 68 44 56 66 196 249 .. .. .. .. .. ..

Southern Africa 839 14.8 52 50 53 49 72 89 537 578 59 32 9 .. .. 410

Botswana 22 11.7 55 55 55 36 54 71 485 521 76 18 6 23.9 11 380Lesotho 34 16.9 45 44 46 70 104 126 642 687 72 24 4 23.2 18 960Namibia 18 8.5 61 60 62 35 52 64 331 373 70 25 6 15.3 5 210South Africa 746 15.1 52 50 53 49 72 88 541 581 57 33 9 18.1 350 400Swaziland 18 15.7 46 46 45 66 102 127 626 673 74 20 6 26.1 10 390

Western Africa 15 4 146 14.4 51 50 52 98 166 202 353 484 68 26 6 .. .. 1 100

Benin 79 9.3 61 60 62 85 121 134 194 302 66 28 6 1.2 3 840Burkina Faso 197 13.1 53 52 54 80 157 185 308 436 68 26 6 1.6 9 700Cape Verde 2 5.0 71 68 74 26 31 36 132 163 37 53 10 .. .. 210Côte d’Ivoire 223 10.9 57 56 59 87 123 139 301 398 64 25 11 3.9 38 810Gambia 10 19 11.4 56 54 57 77 116 138 301 397 56 38 6 0.9 … 690Ghana 258 11.2 57 56 57 73 117 147 310 411 60 34 6 1.9 21 560Guinea 109 11.2 58 56 60 98 148 166 229 356 64 30 7 1.6 5 910Guinea-Bissau 27 17.4 48 46 49 114 196 244 378 530 72 23 5 1.8 1 1 100Liberia 39 10.6 58 57 59 95 140 157 233 353 76 17 7 1.7 2 1 200Mali 200 15.9 48 48 49 106 191 223 375 515 69 26 5 1.5 6 970Mauritania 33 10.5 57 55 59 73 120 142 277 379 56 37 7 0.8 <1 820Niger 220 15.2 51 50 52 88 172 201 331 466 75 21 4 0.8 4 1 800Nigeria 2 467 16.5 48 47 48 109 187 233 395 536 70 25 6 3.1 170 1 100Senegal 132 11.0 55 54 57 58 120 143 302 402 56 38 7 1.0 2 980Sierra Leone 88 16.0 47 46 49 104 148 180 489 581 73 21 6 1.7 3 2 100Togo 52 8.2 62 61 64 71 98 109 221 305 65 29 6 3.3 9 510

Asia 29 980 7.4 69 67 71 42 58 68 160 217 27 61 11 .. .. 320

Eastern Asia 11 046 7.2 74 72 76 22 28 33 116 145 11 79 10 .. .. 48

China 16 9 321 7.0 73 71 75 23 29 34 122 152 10 79 10 0.1 39 45China, Hong Kong SAR 17 42 6.1 82 79 85 4 5 5 55 60 .. .. .. .. .. ..China, Macao SAR 18 2 4.4 81 79 83 5 6 7 59 65 .. .. .. .. .. ..Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea 236 9.9 67 65 69 48 63 70 149 209 30 63 6 .. .. 370Japan 14 1 164 9.1 83 79 86 3 4 5 57 62 12 80 7 … <0.1 6Mongolia 10 17 6.7 66 63 70 42 44 51 242 281 18 71 11 0.1 … 46Republic of Korea 263 5.5 79 76 83 4 6 7 74 81 5 83 12 <0.1 <0.5 14

South-Central Asia 19 13 976 8.1 64 63 65 56 82 95 210 285 40 50 11 .. .. 480

Afghanistan 10 528 19.7 44 44 44 157 235 276 428 586 68 28 4 .. … 1 800Bangladesh 14 1 053 6.6 66 65 67 45 57 67 195 249 45 45 10 … <0.5 570Bhutan 10 5 7.2 66 64 68 44 64 80 195 259 40 50 10 0.1 … 440India 9 960 8.5 63 62 65 55 81 96 221 296 39 50 11 0.3 .. 450Iran (Islamic Republic of) 419 5.7 71 70 73 29 34 37 123 156 15 70 15 0.2 4 140Kazakhstan 174 11.3 65 59 71 26 30 35 281 306 12 77 12 0.1 <0.5 140Kyrgyzstan 40 7.4 68 64 72 37 46 50 196 237 17 73 9 0.1 <0.2 150Maldives 10, 14 1 4.6 71 70 73 24 28 33 134 163 19 62 18 … … 120Nepal 185 6.5 67 66 67 42 54 63 188 239 46 44 11 0.5 5 830Pakistan 1 225 7.0 66 66 67 64 89 100 151 236 46 45 8 0.1 5 320Sri Lanka 10, 14 129 6.5 74 70 78 16 20 24 137 158 9 52 40 … … 58Tajikistan 44 6.4 67 64 69 60 78 90 177 251 46 50 4 0.3 <.5 170Turkmenistan 39 7.7 65 61 69 50 64 75 231 288 27 66 7 <0.1 .. 130Uzbekistan 176 6.5 68 65 71 48 58 67 191 245 25 69 6 0.1 <0.5 24

South-Eastern Asia 3 736 6.5 70 68 72 28 37 43 160 196 29 55 16 .. .. 300

Brunei Darussalam 1 2.8 77 75 80 6 7 8 81 88 10 80 10 .. .. 13Cambodia 121 8.4 61 59 63 62 89 104 259 335 55 38 6 0.8 7 540Indonesia 1 429 6.3 71 69 73 27 32 37 143 174 25 51 24 0.2 9 420Lao People’s Dem. Republic 44 7.1 65 63 66 50 65 76 207 268 46 43 11 0.2 <0.1 660Malaysia 120 4.5 74 72 77 9 11 14 120 133 21 70 9 0.5 4 62Myanmar 491 9.9 61 59 63 75 111 130 228 328 41 51 8 0.7 25 380Philippines 14 431 4.8 72 70 74 23 27 31 130 157 35 57 8 … <0.2 230Singapore 23 5.1 80 78 83 3 4 5 62 67 17 77 6 0.2 <0.2 14Thailand 599 8.9 69 66 72 7 10 17 237 250 28 61 11 1.4 30 110Timor-Leste 10 8.8 61 60 62 67 92 108 250 331 56 36 8 .. .. 380Viet Nam 467 5.4 74 72 76 20 23 28 113 138 23 68 9 0.5 24 150

Western Asia 1 222 5.5 71 69 74 30 37 42 132 169 23 63 14 .. .. 160

Armenia 27 8.7 74 70 77 25 28 30 119 146 4 92 3 0.1 <0.2 76Azerbaijan 59 6.8 70 68 72 43 53 58 146 195 17 80 3 0.2 <0.1 82Bahrain 14 2 2.6 76 74 77 10 13 15 88 102 9 81 10 … .. 32Cyprus 14 6 7.1 80 77 82 5 7 7 59 66 7 89 4 … .. 10Georgia 10 52 11.9 72 68 75 35 36 39 136 170 8 89 3 0.1 … 66Iraq 14 182 6.1 67 63 72 33 41 50 174 215 33 36 30 … .. 300Israel 38 5.5 81 79 83 5 6 7 59 65 6 88 6 0.1 <0.2 4Jordan 14 25 4.2 73 71 74 19 22 26 140 162 17 72 11 … .. 62Kuwait 14 5 1.9 78 76 80 9 10 12 74 86 10 74 16 … .. 4Lebanon 29 6.9 72 70 74 22 26 30 126 152 10 78 11 0.1 <0.2 150Occupied Palestinian Territory 15 3.7 73 72 75 18 20 23 109 130 .. .. .. .. .. ..Oman 14 7 2.7 76 74 77 12 14 16 90 104 8 81 11 … .. 64Qatar 14 2 2.0 76 75 77 8 10 13 110 122 12 72 16 … .. 12Saudi Arabia 14 91 3.6 73 71 75 19 22 25 120 142 16 67 17 … .. 18Syrian Arab Republic 14 71 3.4 74 72 76 16 18 21 103 122 14 76 9 … .. 130Turkey 14 437 6.0 72 69 74 28 32 35 118 149 13 81 6 … .. 44United Arab Emirates 14 7 1.5 77 77 79 10 11 12 75 86 16 64 20 … .. 37Yemen 14 166 7.4 63 61 64 59 79 93 229 301 47 42 10 … .. 430

Country or area 1

Annual number

of deaths (thousands)

Crude death

rate (per 1,000)

Life expectancy at birth (years)

Infant mortality (deaths

per 1,000 live

births)

Under-five

mortality (deaths

per 1,000 live

births)

Probability of dying (per 1,000)

Percentage of deaths by cause 2

HIV preva-lence

(among adults aged

15-49 as percen-tage)

AIDS deaths (thou-sands)

Maternal mortal-ity ratio

(maternal deaths per

100,000 live

births) 3Both sexes Males Females

From birth to age 15

From age 15 to

age 60

From birth to age 60

Group I: Commu-nicable,

perinatal, maternal,

nutri-tional condi-tions

Group II: Non-

communi-cable

diseasesGroup III: Injuries

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

2005-2010 2004 2007 2005

Europe 8 334 11.4 75 71 79 7 9 11 139 149 5 87 9 .. .. 13

Eastern Europe 4 132 14.0 69 64 75 11 14 17 228 242 4 84 12 .. .. 21

Belarus 142 14.7 69 63 75 9 12 14 223 234 2 86 12 0.2 1 18Bulgaria 10 111 14.6 73 70 77 12 15 18 129 144 2 94 3 .. … 11Czech Republic 10, 14 111 10.8 76 73 80 4 5 6 96 102 3 91 7 … … 4Hungary 10 135 13.4 73 69 77 7 8 10 156 164 2 92 7 0.1 … 6Poland 381 10.0 76 71 80 7 8 10 123 132 3 90 7 0.1 <0.2 8Republic of Moldova 47 12.9 68 65 72 18 23 27 203 225 4 88 8 0.4 <0.1 22Romania 10 264 12.3 73 69 76 15 18 21 139 157 4 91 5 0.1 … 24Russian Federation 2 146 15.1 66 60 73 12 16 19 286 300 5 80 16 1.1 40 28Slovakia 54 10.0 75 71 79 7 8 10 125 133 4 90 6 <0.1 .. 6Ukraine 741 16.0 68 63 74 12 15 19 242 256 4 87 9 1.6 19 18

Northern Europe 20 971 9.9 79 76 81 5 6 7 80 86 7 89 5 .. .. 7

Channel Islands 21 1 9.5 79 77 81 5 6 7 61 67 .. .. .. .. .. ..Denmark 10 56 10.3 78 76 81 4 6 7 86 92 4 91 5 0.2 … 3Estonia 17 12.9 73 68 78 8 10 12 171 181 3 87 10 1.3 <0.5 25Finland 10, 22 50 9.4 80 76 83 3 4 5 77 82 5 86 9 0.1 … 7Iceland 10 2 6.1 82 80 83 3 4 5 49 54 4 90 6 0.2 … 4Ireland 28 6.4 80 78 82 4 6 7 63 69 8 87 5 0.2 <0.1 1Latvia 31 13.8 72 67 77 9 11 14 173 184 3 88 10 0.8 <0.5 10Lithuania 44 13.1 72 66 78 9 12 14 189 200 3 85 12 0.1 <0.2 11Norway 10, 23 41 8.7 81 78 83 3 5 6 61 66 6 88 6 0.1 … 7Sweden 92 10.1 81 79 83 3 4 5 58 63 5 90 5 0.1 <0.1 3United Kingdom 607 9.9 79 77 82 5 6 7 71 78 8 89 3 0.2 <0.5 8

Southern Europe 24 1 466 9.7 80 77 83 5 6 8 72 79 4 91 5 .. .. 8

Albania 14 19 6.2 76 73 80 16 18 20 78 97 6 87 7 … .. 92Bosnia and Herzegovina 37 9.8 75 72 78 13 15 16 98 112 3 93 5 <0.1 .. 3Croatia 51 11.5 76 73 80 6 8 9 103 111 4 90 6 <0.1 .. 7Greece 113 10.2 79 77 81 4 4 5 65 70 4 92 4 0.2 <0.1 3Italy 589 9.9 81 78 84 4 5 6 62 68 3 92 5 0.4 2 3Malta 10 3 7.8 80 78 81 6 7 9 59 68 8 88 4 0.1 … 8Montenegro 25 6 10.2 74 72 76 9 10 11 125 135 .. .. .. .. .. ..Portugal 108 10.1 79 75 82 4 5 7 81 87 7 88 5 0.5 <0.5 11Serbia 25 114 11.6 74 72 76 12 14 16 118 132 .. .. .. 0.1 <0.1 ..Slovenia 19 9.5 78 75 82 4 5 6 88 93 6 86 8 <0.1 <0.1 6Spain 386 8.7 81 78 84 4 5 6 66 71 5 91 5 0.5 2 4TFYR Macedonia 26 19 9.1 74 72 77 15 17 19 109 126 3 89 8 <0.1 .. 10

Western Europe 27 1 764 9.4 80 77 83 4 5 6 71 77 5 90 5 .. .. 6

Austria 10 77 9.3 80 77 83 4 5 6 70 76 3 91 6 0.2 … 4Belgium 103 9.7 80 77 83 4 5 6 74 80 6 89 6 0.2 <0.1 8France 530 8.6 81 78 85 4 5 6 72 77 6 87 7 0.4 2 8Germany 849 10.3 80 77 82 4 5 6 70 76 4 92 4 0.1 <0.5 4Luxembourg 10 4 8.2 79 77 82 4 6 7 71 78 7 86 7 0.2 … 12Netherlands 138 8.4 80 78 82 4 6 7 65 71 7 90 4 0.2 <0.2 6Switzerland 62 8.3 82 79 84 4 5 6 58 64 4 90 6 0.6 <0.5 5

Latin America and the Caribbean 3 409 6.0 73 70 77 22 28 33 147 175 19 69 12 .. .. 130

Caribbean 28 304 7.3 72 69 74 34 45 52 153 197 30 59 11 1.1 14 300

Aruba 1 7.3 75 72 77 16 18 20 99 117 .. .. .. .. .. ..Bahamas 2 6.0 73 71 76 9 13 18 168 183 25 64 11 3.0 <0.2 16Barbados 2 7.7 77 74 80 10 11 13 84 96 14 81 5 1.2 <0.1 16Cuba 77 6.8 79 77 81 5 8 10 89 98 9 82 8 0.1 <0.1 45Dominican Republic 58 5.9 72 70 75 30 33 38 172 204 23 66 12 1.1 4 150Grenada 1 6.2 75 74 77 13 15 17 92 107 17 78 5 .. .. ..Guadeloupe 4 7.9 79 76 82 7 9 10 87 96 .. .. .. .. .. ..Haiti 89 9.1 61 59 63 62 85 100 256 331 54 32 14 2.2 7 670Jamaica 20 7.4 72 68 75 23 28 32 173 200 17 75 8 1.6 2 170Martinique 3 7.7 80 77 82 7 8 10 85 94 .. .. .. .. .. ..Netherlands Antilles 1 7.4 76 73 79 13 14 16 115 129 .. .. .. .. .. ..Puerto Rico 31 7.8 79 75 83 7 9 10 92 101 .. .. .. .. .. 18Saint Lucia 1 6.6 74 72 76 13 16 19 135 151 11 78 11 .. .. ..Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1 7.5 72 69 74 23 28 32 132 160 20 72 8 .. .. ..Trinidad and Tobago 10 11 8.0 69 66 73 26 33 38 190 220 15 78 7 1.5 … 45United States Virgin Islands 1 6.9 79 76 82 9 10 11 75 86 .. .. .. .. .. ..

Central America 731 4.9 75 73 78 20 25 29 120 146 18 71 11 .. .. 120

Belize 1 3.7 76 74 78 17 21 23 109 130 22 62 16 2.1 <0.2 52Costa Rica 18 4.1 79 76 81 10 11 14 87 99 8 80 12 0.4 <0.2 30El Salvador 42 6.8 71 67 76 22 26 31 203 228 25 60 15 0.8 2 170Guatemala 77 5.7 70 67 74 30 39 47 180 218 40 47 13 0.8 4 290Honduras 37 5.1 72 70 75 28 39 48 147 188 27 64 9 0.7 2 280Mexico 512 4.7 76 74 79 17 20 24 109 130 14 76 10 0.3 11 60Nicaragua 27 4.7 73 70 76 21 26 31 163 189 22 67 10 0.2 <0.5 170Panama 17 5.0 76 73 78 18 24 28 106 131 20 69 11 1.0 <1 130

South America 29 2 374 6.2 73 70 77 21 28 33 155 183 18 70 12 .. .. 120

Argentina 309 7.8 75 72 79 13 16 18 122 138 13 80 6 0.5 7 77Bolivia (Plurinational State of ) 73 7.6 66 63 68 46 61 80 206 269 37 55 8 0.2 <0.5 290Brazil 1 214 6.4 72 69 76 23 29 34 176 204 19 70 11 0.6 15 110Chile 90 5.4 78 76 82 7 9 11 93 103 8 83 8 0.3 1 16Colombia 246 5.5 73 69 77 19 26 31 148 174 14 59 26 0.6 10 130Ecuador 69 5.2 75 72 78 21 26 31 127 154 22 64 13 0.3 1 210French Guiana 1 3.7 76 73 80 13 15 17 90 106 .. .. .. .. .. ..Guyana 6 8.2 67 64 70 42 56 66 207 260 27 62 11 2.5 <1 470Paraguay 34 5.6 72 70 74 32 38 44 150 188 20 68 12 0.6 <1 150Peru 155 5.4 73 71 76 21 33 40 134 168 31 61 9 0.5 3 240Suriname 10 4 7.6 69 65 73 22 31 36 205 233 20 69 11 2.4 … 72Uruguay 31 9.3 76 73 80 13 16 18 103 119 8 86 6 0.6 <0.5 20Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of ) 142 5.1 74 71 77 17 22 26 136 159 14 66 20 .. .. 57

Northern America 30 2 678 7.8 79 77 82 6 7 9 87 94 6 87 7 .. .. 10

Canada 245 7.4 81 78 83 5 6 7 67 73 5 89 6 0.4 <0.5 7United States of America 2 432 7.8 79 77 81 6 7 9 89 97 6 87 7 0.6 22 11

Oceania 243 7.0 76 74 79 23 30 35 101 132 16 77 7 0.4 1 180

Australia/New Zealand 173 6.9 81 79 84 5 6 7 59 66 4 90 6 .. .. 5

Australia 31 144 6.9 81 79 84 5 6 7 58 64 5 89 6 0.2 <0.1 4New Zealand 10 30 7.0 80 78 82 5 6 7 69 76 3 91 6 0.1 … 9

Melanesia 63 7.6 63 61 65 47 63 74 275 328 48 43 9 .. .. 430

Fiji 10 6 6.6 69 67 71 20 24 29 192 215 19 75 5 0.1 … 210New Caledonia 1 5.5 76 73 80 6 9 11 104 114 .. .. .. .. .. ..Papua New Guinea 52 8.0 61 59 63 51 69 81 306 362 53 38 9 1.5 <1 470Solomon Islands 3 6.2 66 65 67 44 57 66 194 248 37 57 6 .. .. 220Vanuatu 1 5.0 70 68 72 28 34 40 149 182 29 66 6 .. .. ..

Micronesia 32 3 5.1 72 70 74 25 30 35 125 155 24 71 5 .. .. ..

Guam 1 5.5 76 73 78 9 10 13 94 106 .. .. .. .. .. ..Micronesia (Fed. States of) 1 6.1 69 68 69 34 42 49 166 207 24 71 5 .. .. ..

Polynesia 33 4 5.4 73 70 76 17 21 24 136 157 24 72 5 .. .. ..

French Polynesia 1 5.1 74 72 77 8 10 13 123 134 .. .. .. .. .. ..Samoa 1 5.3 72 69 75 22 27 30 155 181 24 71 5 .. .. ..Tonga 1 6.1 72 69 75 22 26 29 150 175 23 73 4 .. .. ..

United Nations • Department of Economic and Social Affairs • Population Division

www.unpopulation.orgWorld Mortality 2009

Annual number of deaths: Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009.

Crude death rate: Number of deaths over a given period divided by the person-years lived by the population over that period. It is expressed as number of deaths per 1,000 pop-ulation. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009.

Life expectancy at birth: The average number of years of life expected by a hypothetical cohort of individuals who would be subject during all their lives to the mortality rates of a given period. It is expressed in years. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009.

Infant mortality: Probability of dying between birth and exact age 1. It is expressed

as deaths per 1,000 live births. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publica-tion, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009.

Under-five mortality: Probability of dying between birth and exact age 5. It is expressed as deaths per 1,000 live births. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009.

Probability of dying: The probability that, given the mortality conditions of the given year or period, an individual alive at exact age x would die before exact age x+n ; this wallchart presents the probability of dying between birth and exact age 15 (column 8), between exact age 15 and exact age 60 (column 9) and between birth and exact age 60 (column 10). It is expressed as deaths per 1,000 live births (columns 8 and 10) or per 1,000 persons living at exact age 15 (column 9). The probability of survival is the complement of these figures, that is, 1,000 minus the probability of dying,

and it represents survivors per 1,000 persons. Source: World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. CD-ROM Edition—Extended Dataset in Excel and ASCII formats, United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6, 2009.

Percentage of deaths by cause: Group I refers to deaths from communicable, maternal, peri-natal and nutritional conditions; Group II refers to deaths from non-communicable diseases; and Group III refers to deaths from injuries, including homicides and suicides. Estimates of the proportion of deaths by cause for regional and other country aggregates exclude areas that are not member States of the World Health Organization (WHO). Source: World Health Organization (2009). Death and DALY Estimates for 2004 by Cause for WHO Member States (Geneva). Data available online at http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/ gbddeathdalycountryestimates2004.xls.

HIV prevalence: The percentage of adults aged 15 to 49 who were living with HIV at the end of the year. Source: UNAIDS (2008). 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Geneva). Data available online at http://data.

unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2008/20080820_gr08_annex1_table_en.xls.

AIDS deaths: The number of adults and children who died from AIDS during the year. Source: UNAIDS (2008). 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Geneva). Data available online at http://data.unaids.org/pub/GlobalReport/2008/20080820_gr08_annex1_table_en.xls.

Maternal mortality ratio: The number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100,000 live births during the same time period. A maternal death is defined as the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespec-tive of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes. Source: World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank (2007). Maternal Mortality in 2005 (Geneva). Data available online at http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/ monitoring/9789241596213/en/index.html.

Definitions and sources

Under-five mortality by major area, 1950-2010

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 200020102005

Dea

ths

un

der

ag

e 5

per

1,0

00 li

ve b

irth

s

AfricaAsia

EuropeLatin America and the Caribbean

Northern AmericaOceania

Life expectancy at birth by development group, 1950-2010

Year

s

WorldLeast developed countries

More developed regionsOther less developed countries

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 200020102005

Life expectancy at birth, 2005-2010

Less than 50

50 to 60

60 to 70

70 to 80

80 or over

No data

Life expectancyat birth (years)

The designations employed and the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

The designations “more developed” and “less developed” regions are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The term “country” as used in this publication also refers, as appropriate, to ter-ritories or areas.

Two dots (..) indicate that data are not available.

Three dots (…) indicate that UNAIDS published a range of estimates for the country, but no point estimate.

Figures may not add to totals because of rounding.

Countries or areas listed individually are only 1

those with 100,000 inhabitants or more in 2009; the rest are included in the regional aggregates but are not listed separately.

Estimates for regional aggregates exclude 2

areas that are not member States of WHO. This exclusion affects particularly the estimates for the Caribbean (13 per cent of the regional deaths were excluded), Micronesia (37 per cent of deaths were excluded) and Polynesia (47 per cent of deaths were excluded).

Estimated maternal mortality ratios (MMR) 3

for regional aggregates assume that countries or areas for which estimates were not avail-able have an MMR equal to the average for other countries in the region with estimates available.

More developed regions comprise all regions 4

of Europe plus Northern America, Australia/New Zealand and Japan.

Less developed regions comprise all regions 5

of Africa, Asia (excluding Japan), Latin America and the Caribbean plus Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia.

The current list of least developed countries, 6

as defined by the United Nations General Assembly, includes 49 countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, the Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Mada-ga scar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, the Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia. The least developed countries are a subset of all less developed countries and are located in the less developed regions.

Other less developed countries are those 7

in the less developed regions minus the least developed countries.

Sub-Saharan Africa includes the countries 8

in Africa minus those in Northern Africa plus the Sudan.

Including Seychelles.9

For some countries, UNAIDS published an 10

upper bound estimate of the number of AIDS deaths in 2007, but no point estimate. The upper bound indicated that each of the following countries had fewer than 1,000 AIDS deaths in 2007: Afghanistan, Austria, Bhutan, Bulgaria, Comoros, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Finland, the Gambia, Georgia, Hungary, Iceland, Luxembourg, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mongolia, New Zealand, Norway, Romania, Sri Lanka, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago. For more informa-tion see the 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic by UNAIDS, available online at http://

www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/GlobalReport/2008/2008_Global_report.asp.

UNAIDS estimated that, at the end of 2007, 11

adult HIV prevalence in Kenya was between 7.1 per cent and 8.5 per cent and that between 85,000 and 130,000 AIDS deaths occurred in the country that year. No point estimates were presented.

Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint 12

Brandon.

UNAIDS estimated that, at the end of 2007, 13

adult HIV prevalence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was between 1.2 per cent and 1.5 per cent and that between 24,000 and 34,000 AIDS deaths occurred in the country that year. No point estimates were presented.

For some countries, UNAIDS published an 14

upper bound estimate of adult HIV prevalence in 2007, but no point estimate. The upper bound indicated that adult HIV prevalence was below 0.2 per cent at the end of 2007 in the following

countries: Albania, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Egypt, Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Maldives, Oman, the Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, the Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen. For more infor-mation see the 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic by UNAIDS, available online at http://www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/GlobalReport/2008/2008_Global_report.asp.

Including Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan 15

da Cunha.

For statistical purposes, the data for China 16

do not include Hong Kong and Macao, Special Administrative Regions (SAR) of China.

As of 1 July 1997, Hong Kong became a 17

Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.

As of 20 December 1999, Macao became a 18

Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.

The regions of Southern Asia and Central 19

Asia are combined into South-Central Asia.

Including the Faeroe Islands and the Isle 20

of Man.

Refers to Guernsey and Jersey.21

Including the Åland Islands.22

Including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.23

Including Andorra, Gibraltar, the Holy See 24

(refers to the Vatican City State) and San Marino.

Montenegro and Serbia formally dissolved 25

into two independent countries on 3 June 2006. WHO estimated that in 2004 the distribution of deaths by cause for the combined populations of Serbia and Montenegro was: 2 per cent of deaths were due to Group I causes; 94 per cent to Group II causes; and 4 per cent to Group III causes. WHO and others (2007) estimated that the maternal mortality ratio for the combined populations of Serbia and Montenegro in 2005 was 14 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.26

Including Liechtenstein and Monaco.27

Including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, 28

the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Dominica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and the Turks and Caicos Islands.

Including the Falkland Islands (Malvinas).29

Including Bermuda, Greenland, and Saint 30

Pierre and Miquelon.

Including Christmas Island, the Cocos 31

(Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.

Including Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, 32

Nauru, the Northern Mariana Islands and Palau.

Including American Samoa, the Cook Islands, 33

Niue, Pitcairn, Tokelau, Tuvalu, and the Wallis and Futuna Islands.

Perc

enta

ge

of

wo

rld

po

pu

lati

on

Share of world population by level of life expectancy at birth

1950-1955 1975-19800

20

40

60

80

100

2005-2010

80 or over

70-80

60-70

50-60

40-50

Less than 40

Notes

Suggested citation: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Mortality 2009. Wallchart (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XIII.4).

Page 2: World Mortality 2009 Wall Chart

Introduction. The potential to live a long and healthy life is a fundamental aspect of human development. In recent decades, enormous progress has been achieved in health and survival around the world. Life expectancy at birth for the world population rose from 47 years in 1950-1955 to 68 years in 2005-2010. However, wide disparities remain in levels of mortality across countries and regions. These differentials reflect inequalities in access to food, safe drinking water, sanitation, medical care and other basic human needs. They also reflect risk factors, behavioural choices and societal contexts that affect the survival of individuals. The reduction of mortality, particularly child and maternal mortality, is a core target in the internationally agreed development goals, such as those contained in the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and in the United Nations Millennium Declaration. This wallchart presents key indi-cators of mortality at the global, regional and country levels for the period 2005-2010 and for other recent years.

Annual deaths. Worldwide, 56.8 million deaths are estimated to occur on average each year during 2005-2010. Of these, 12.3 million deaths are estimated to occur in the more developed regions and 44.5 million in the less developed regions. India has the highest average number of annual deaths (10.0 million) and is followed by China with an estimated 9.3 million deaths per year.

Crude death rate. The crude death rate (CDR) is a measure of the overall frequency of deaths in a population and is expressed as the average annual number of deaths per 1,000 population. Worldwide, the CDR in 2005-2010 is estimated at 8.5 deaths per 1,000 popula-tion. Afghanistan has the highest CDR in the world at 19.7 deaths per 1,000 population, while the United Arab Emirates has the low-est, at 1.5 deaths per 1,000 population. The more developed regions have a CDR of 10.1 deaths per 1,000 population, compared to 8.1 deaths per 1,000 population in the less developed regions. The CDR is higher in the more developed regions because, despite their lower overall mortality levels, their population has a higher propor-tion of older persons than that of the less developed regions.

Life expectancy at birth. The life expectancy at birth is a meas-ure of the average length of life that a hypothetical population would have if it were subject during all its life to the mortality risks prevalent during a given period. In 2005-2010, the global life expect-ancy at birth is 68 years. The population of the least developed countries, whose life expectancy amounts to a low 56 years, is the most disadvantaged in terms of survival prospects. The population of the other developing countries has an average life expectancy of 68 years and that of people living in the more developed regions ascended to 77 years. At the country level, life expectancy at birth ranges from a low of 44 years in Afghanistan and Zimbabwe to a high of 83 years in Japan. In nearly all countries, women have a higher life expectancy at birth than men, and at the global level, female life expectancy exceeds that of males by 5 years (70 years vs. 65 years).

Infant and under-five mortality. The United Nations Millennium Declaration identified the reduction of child mortality as a critical challenge for the twenty-first century. Every year millions of young children die of preventable causes. Mortality in childhood is high-est in the least developed countries, where infant mortality aver-ages 82 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2005-2010 and 132 children out of every 1,000 born alive are expected to die before age 5. Among the world’s major areas, Africa has the highest level of under-five mortality in 2005-2010, at 136 deaths per 1,000 births, and the region has experienced a slower decline in child mortality than other developing regions. Differences in the survival chances of young children reflect major disparities among countries in terms of health and development. In 2005-2010, under-five mortal-ity is highest in Afghanistan, where 235 out of every 1,000 children born alive die before age 5. In sharp contrast, countries such as Finland, Greece, Iceland, Japan, Singapore, and Sweden have very low under-five mortality, with only 4 out of every 1,000 children born alive dying before their fifth birthday.

Probability of dying. Another useful indicator of mortality across different parts of the age range is the probability of dying

between specific ages, expressed per 1,000 individuals alive at the initial age. The probability of dying between birth and age 15 reflects the likelihood of dying during the full period of childhood. In Western Europe, just 6 out of every 1,000 children born alive die before age 15 at current mortality rates, whereas in Middle Africa the equivalent figure ascends to 235 out of every 1,000 children born alive. The probability of dying between ages 15 and 60 is an indicator of mortality in the working ages. This probability is particularly high in the Russian Federation, where 286 of every 1,000 persons who reach age 15 are expected to die before age 60 at current mortality rates. Such a high probability of dying in the adult ages contrasts with the low probability of death from birth to age 15 in the Russian Federation, which stands at just 19 persons out of every 1,000 born alive. In developed countries as a whole, the probability of dying between ages 15 and 60 is 116 per 1,000 in 2005-2010, while in developing countries it is over 60 per cent higher, at 188 per 1,000. The probability of dying during adulthood is particularly high in populations that are highly affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic because the disease afflicts adults dispropor-tionately. In Zimbabwe in 2005-2010, for instance, the probability of dying between age 15 and age 60 ascends to 700 per 1,000. The probability of dying between birth and age 60 reflects the cumulative impact of mortality through the life course to age 60. In countries with low mortality, the great majority of people survive to their sixtieth birthday. In Iceland, where the probability of dying by age 60 is lowest, only 54 out of every 1,000 children born alive would die before age 60 given the mortality risks prevalent dur-ing 2005-2010. In contrast, in sub-Saharan Africa the probability of dying before age 60 is a high 498 per 1,000.

Distribution of deaths by cause. As countries undergo the transition from high to low mortality, they experience a shift in the distribution of deaths by major cause. When mortality is high, large proportions of deaths are caused by communicable diseases, as well as by maternal, perinatal and nutritional condi-tions (collectively called Group I causes), while lower proportions of deaths are caused by non-communicable diseases, which include cardiovascular diseases and cancers (collectively called Group II causes). In low-mortality populations, the majority of deaths are due to Group II causes. In developed countries, whose populations are generally characterized by low mortality, just

6 per cent of the deaths occurring in 2004 were due to Group I causes, whereas 86 per cent were attributable to Group II causes. In the least developed countries, where both communicable and non-communicable diseases contribute to high morbidity and mortality, 63 per cent of all deaths in 2004 were the result of Group I causes, while 30 per cent were attributable to Group II causes. Injuries are the third major category of causes of death and include those caused by accidents as well as homicide and suicide. Injuries accounted for 10 per cent of deaths worldwide in 2004, with their share ranging from a low 3 per cent in a number of countries to a high 40 per cent in Sri Lanka as a result of the tsunami that hit that country at the end of the year.

HIV prevalence. The Millennium Declaration called for halt-ing and reversing the spread of HIV by 2015. Despite recent downward revisions of the estimated HIV prevalence in several countries, the number of people living with HIV has continued to increase in all world regions, although this increase is partly due to the expansion of the number of persons getting antiretroviral therapy and the resulting increase in survival. In 2007, 33 million people were living with HIV, including 31 million persons aged 15 or over and 2 million children under age 15. Adult HIV prevalence, measured as the percentage of HIV-positive persons among those aged 15 to 49, varied widely across regions and countries. Sub-Saharan Africa as a whole had an adult HIV prevalence of 5 per cent, with the populations of the countries in Southern Africa being especially hard hit by the epidemic (the adult HIV prevalence among those countries ranged from 15 per cent to 26 per cent). Following Africa, the Caribbean has the second high-est HIV prevalence, with 1.1 per cent of the population aged 15 to 49 living with HIV.

AIDS deaths. The number of deaths caused by AIDS increased dramatically from 1990 to 2005, but recent estimates by UNAIDS indicate that the number of AIDS deaths has decreased slightly, amounting to 2 million in 2007. This outcome owes much to the rising coverage of antiretroviral therapy, which is lengthening the lives of people living with HIV. More than three quarters of AIDS deaths occurred in Africa. AIDS remains a major cause of death worldwide and is the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa, where the provision of treatment to all those who need it remains a major challenge.

Maternal mortality. The Millennium Declaration urged the inter-national community to strive for a dramatic reduction in maternal mortality. The World Health Organization defines a maternal death as “the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or inci-dental causes” (WHO et al., 2007; see the source of column 16 for a full reference). The usual indicator of maternal mortality is the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), defined as the number of mater-nal deaths per 100,000 live births. At the global level, an estimated 536,000 women died because of maternal causes in 2005, resulting in an MMR of 400 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. In devel-oping countries as a whole, the MMR was estimated at 450 mater-nal deaths per 100,000 live births, while in developed countries it averaged 11 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Mothers in the least developed countries face the highest risks of death, with 870 maternal deaths occurring for every 100,000 live births. Efforts to reduce maternal mortality must be targeted to the most disad-vantaged populations.

A note on the data: The quality of the data available for estimating mortality varies widely from country to country. Data for countries with high-quality vital registration systems are the most reliable. For other countries, estimates of overall mortality are most often based on data gathered via special questions included in sample surveys or population censuses. Such sources can produce robust estimates of child mortality but are less successful in producing adequate estimates of adult mortality. Therefore, estimates for those countries are frequently based on model mortality schedules that permit extrapolating the estimated mortality in childhood to the full age range. Data on causes of death, including HIV/AIDS and maternal causes, are less commonly available than data on overall mortality and reported causes of death are more prone to error than reports on the occurrence of deaths even in countries with good vital registration coverage. Readers are encouraged to consult the references for columns (11) to (16), which shed light on the issue of data quality and the uncertainty associated with the estimates of deaths by cause, the prevalence of HIV, the number of deaths caused by AIDS, and maternal mortality.

World Mortality 2009

World Mortality

2009

United Nations

Copyright © United Nations, 2009All rights reserved

ST/ESA/SER.A/286Sales No. E.09.XIII.4

Enquiries should be directed to:

Ms. Hania Zlotnik, DirectorPopulation DivisionDepartment of Economic and Social AffairsUnited NationsNew York, NY 10017Fax number: 1-212-963-2147

Printed at the United Nations, New York

09-45960—October 2009—3,570

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ISBN 978-92-1-151452-0