World LiteraturePronouns Antecedent

Do Now

• Complete the entrance ticket on pronoun antecedents

Objective

• SWBAT: Identify pronoun antecedents by analyzing a text, correcting sentences, and creating sentences using pronoun antecedents.

CCRS: USG 502

Antecedent What?

an·te·ced·ent

ˌan(t)əˈsēdnt/

noun

1.

a thing or event that existed before or logically precedes another.

"some antecedents to the African novel might exist in Africa's oral traditions"

synonyms: precursor, forerunner, predecessor

Think, Write, Pair, & Share

• What do you think a pronoun antecedent is?

• A pronoun is a word used to stand for (or take the place of) a noun.

• A word can refer to an earlier noun or pronoun in the sentence.

• The pronoun his refers back to President Lincoln. President Lincoln is the ANTECEDENT for the pronoun his.

Examples: Pronouns and Pronoun Antecedents

We do not talk or write this way.  Automatically, we replace the noun Lincoln's with a pronoun.  More naturally, we say

The pronoun his refers back to President Lincoln.  President Lincoln is the ANTECEDENT for the pronoun his. 

Pronoun Antecedent Rules:

• An antecedent is a word for which a pronoun stands.  (ante = "before")

• The pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number.

• A singular pronoun must replace a singular noun; a plural pronoun must replace a plural noun.Thus, the mechanics of the previous sentence looks like this:

Rules Continued:

1.  A phrase or clause between the subject and verb does not change the number of the antecedent.            Example:

                    

Rule #2

2.  Indefinite pronouns as antecedents

   Singular indefinite pronoun antecedents take singular pronoun referents.          

            Example:

                     •Plural indefinite pronoun antecedents require plural referents.                PLURAL:  several, few, both, many

            Example:

                    

Rule #2

• Some indefinite pronouns that are modified by a prepositional phrase may be either singular or plural. 

          EITHER SINGULAR OR PLURAL:  some, any, none, all, most              

               Examples:

                        

                       

Sugar is uncountable; therefore, the sentence has a singular referent pronoun.

                        

Rule #3

3.  Compound subjects joined by and always take a plural referent.

                    Example:

                         

Rule #4

4.  With compound subjects joined by or/nor, the referent pronoun agrees with the antecedent closer to the pronoun.

                    Example #1 (plural antecedent closer to pronoun):

                          

                  

  Example #2 (singular antecedent closer to pronoun):

                             

  Note:  Example #1, with the plural antecedent closer to the pronoun, creates a smoother sentence               than example #2, which forces the use of the singular "his or her."   

Practice

• Handout

Pair and Share

• Collaborate with a partner to see if you have the same answers

Exit Ticket

• Complete the exit ticket on pronoun antecedents

Homework

• Finish the worksheet

Tuesday, October 13, 2015

• SSR 20 minutes

Announcements

• Interim is this Friday

• Set class goal

• Extra Credit Opportunity: Score 75% or higher on English or Reading section and receive 5 points.

Objective

• SWBAT Create a short response correctly using a variety of sentences.

• SWBAT Identify and correctly punctuate sentences.

CCRS: SST 601

Assignment

• Write a 15 sentence response using a variety of sentence types; however, you should INCORRECTLY punctuate the sentence. EX. I am hungry, because I did not eat breakfast.

• You will trade and look for the errors in a partners paper. There should be 15 errors.

• You should keep a record of the correct answers on a separate sheet of paper.

• You will have 30 minutes to complete this assignment.

Assignment Prompt

• Choose one to write about.

1. Your most embarrassing experience.

2. Your favorite birthday.

3. Your favorite holiday.

4. Your best memory.

5. A prompt of your choice.

Trade and Complete

• Provide the correct answers to your partner’s paper by putting correct punctuation and highlighting where the error takes place.

15 minutes!

Grade

• Now take 3-5 minutes to grade how well your partner mastered your grammar assignment.

Homework

• Write 5 sentences using semicolons. Sentences must be about your SSR book! Highlight where you are using semicolons.

• HW GRADE: 10 points!

Wednesday, October 14, 2015

• Read the article, Circle one singular subject and one plural verb, also Circle one plural subject and one singular verb. Be prepared to share!

Objective

• SWBAT identify correct or incorrect subject verb agreement in complex sentences.

• CCRS USG 402

Subject Verb Agreement

• Read the handout. Deduce the rule(s) for maintaining correct subject verb agreement.

Rule 1: Basic Principle - Singular subjects need singular verbs; plural subjects need plural verbs.

• My brother is a nutritionist. My sisters are mathematicians.

Rule 2: The indefinite pronouns anyone, everyone, someone, no one, nobody are always singular and, therefore, require sigular verbs.

• Everyone has done his or her homework.

• Somebody has left her purse.

Rule 3 : Some indefinite pronouns — such as all, some — are singular or plural depending on what they're referring to. (Is the thing referred to countable or not?) Be careful choosing a verb to accompany such pronouns.

• Some of the beads are missing.

• Some of the water is gone.

Rule 4 : On the other hand, there is one indefinite pronoun, none, that

can be either singular or plural; it often doesn't matter whether you use a singular or a plural verb — unless something else in the sentence determines its number.

• None of you claims responsibility for this incident?

• None of you claim responsibility for this incident?

• None of the students have done their homework.

• The mayor as well as his brothers is going to prison.

• The mayor and his brothers are going to jail.

Rule 5 : Phrases such as together with, as well as, and along with are not the same as and. The phrase introduced by as well as or along with will modify the earlier word (mayor in this case), but it does not compound the subjects (as the word and would do).

Rule 6 : The pronouns neither and either are singular and require singular verbs even though they seem to be referring, in a sense, to two things.

• Neither of the two traffic lights is working.

• Which shirt do you want for Christmas?Either is fine with me.

Rule 7 : In informal writing, neither and either sometimes take a plural verb when these pronouns are followed by a prepositional phrase beginning with of. This is particularly true of interrogative constructions • Have either of you two clowns read the

assignment?

• Are either of you taking this seriously?

Rule 8 : The conjunction or does not conjoin (as and does). When nor or or is used the subject closer to the verb determines the number of the verb. • Either my father or my brothers are going to sell the house.

• Neither my brothers nor my father is going to sell the house.

• Are either my brothers or my father responsible?

• Is either my father or my brothers responsible?

Rule 9 : Sometimes modifiers will get between a subject and its verb, but these modifiers must not confuse the agreement between the subject and its verb.

• The mayor, who has been convicted along with his four brothers on four counts of various crimes but who also seems, like a cat, to have several political lives, is finally going to jail.

Rule 10 : Words such as glasses, pants, pliers, and scissors are regarded as plural (and require plural verbs) unless they're preceded by the phrase pair of (in which case the word pair becomes the subject).

• My glasses were on the bed.

• My pants were torn.

• A pair of plaid trousers is in the closet.

Rule 11 : Some words end in -s and appear to be plural but are really singular and require singular verbs.

• The news from the front is bad.

• Measles is a dangerous disease for pregnant women.

Rule 12 : Fractional expressions such as half of, a part of, a percentage of, a majority of are sometimes singular and sometimes plural, depending on the meaning.

• A large percentage of the older population is voting against her.

• Two-fifths of the troops were lost in the battle.

• Two-fifths of the vineyard was destroyed by fire.

• Forty percent of the students are in favor of changing the policy.

• Forty percent of the student body is in favor of changing the policy

Rule 13 : Sums and products of mathematical processes are expressed as singular and require singular verbs. The expression "more than one" (oddly enough) takes a singular verb.

• More than one student has tried this.

• Two and two is four.

• Four times four divided by two is eight.

Rule 14 : If your sentence compounds a positive and a negative subject and one is plural, the other singular, the verb should agree with the positive subject.

• The department members but not the chair have decided not to teach on Valentine's Day.

• It is not the faculty members but the president who decides this issue.

• It was the speaker, not his ideas, that has provoked the students to riot.

Practice

• Use the handout to apply what you have learned.

Exit Ticket

• Imagine that someone you love (Parent, Sibling, Bae) does not understand the concept of subject verb agreement. Write a letter explaining the rules to that person so that he/she can get it! Be specific as possible. Feel free to provide examples.

CW: 5 points!

Homework

• Grammar Handout

Thursday, September 15, 2015

• Complete the study guide with a partner.

Objective

• SWBAT create a study guide by answering procedural questions for each Q1 standard.

• CCRS: All of Q1 standards

Assignment

• After you and your partner complete the study guide, independently read the article and answer the questions.

Homework

• If necessary, finish the article and its questions. Study for Interim!