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Daniel Sims1: Clovis : Early Frankish king; converted Franks to Christianity c. 496; allowed establishment of Frankish kingdom.

2: Charlemagne - king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor; conqueror of the Lombards and Saxons (742-814)

3: Missi Dominici police looks after kingdom

4: Alcuin of york

5: Curriculum - course of study: an integrated course of academic studies

6: Treaty of Verdun -

In the Treaty of Verdun of 843 the three surviving sons of Louis the Pious , Charlemagne 's grandsons,divided his territories, the Carolingian Empire , into three kingdoms.

7: as Charles II he was Holy Roman Emperor and as Charles I he was king of France (823-877)

8: Lothar -11: Feudalism - loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided theirlandholding among lesser lords.

12: Vassals- lesser lord who pledged service and loyalty to the greater lords.

13: Feudal Contract- exchange of pledges b/t lords and vassals that was established by customsand traditions this contract governed feudalism.

14: Route to knighthood - page to squire to knight

15: Chivalry - code of conduct, guided a knights life, requiered:BraveLoyal

True to their word

16: Manor - lord's estate heart of the mideval economy

17: sacraments - sacred rites of the church admined by the priest.

18: Tithe - tax equal to a tenth of their income used to support the church

19: Papal Supremacy - authority over all secular ruler (i.e. Kings), medieval popes claim this

20: Benedictine Rule - 530 - a monk named benedict sets up 3 vows that governed monasteriesand convents across europe, 3 laws

A) obedience to the abbot or abbess, who headed the monastery.

B) proveryt - had to live itC) chastity and purity

21: canon laws - church's own body of laws, applied to religious teaching, clergy, marriage, and

http://wiki/Verdun-sur-Meusehttp://wiki/843http://wiki/843http://wiki/Louis_the_Pioushttp://wiki/Louis_the_Pioushttp://wiki/Charlemagnehttp://wiki/Carolingian_Empirehttp://wiki/Verdun-sur-Meusehttp://wiki/843http://wiki/Louis_the_Pioushttp://wiki/Charlemagnehttp://wiki/Carolingian_Empire

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moral

22: Excommunication - penalty for breaking church law, people no longer receive the sacramentsor christian burial if excommunicated.

23: Interdict - order that would exclude an entire town, region, or kingdom from receivingsacraments and christian burial

24: Cluniac Reforms -

(abbot Berno of clun)900 c.e.

1) revives benedictine rule, which had disappeared

2) nobles no longer allowed to interfere in monastery affairs.

3) 1077 - pope gregory VII, extends cluniac reforms

A)outlaws marriage for priests

B) prohibits simony - selling of church offices.

B)Preaching orders

25: Francis Of Assisi - sets up friars (monk who did not live in isolated monasteries, but traveledaround europe's growing towns preaching to the poor) 1200s

26: Friars - members of one of the mendicant orders, the four main orders being the Franciscans,Dominicans, Carmelites and Austin friars; they lived in regular fashion but were extensivelyinvolved with the outside community; the term literally means "brother"

27: Charter - written document that set out rights and privileges of the town.

28: Bill of Exchange - merchent/anyone could deposit money w/ their home bank

A) in return, they get a piece of paper

B) travel - find a bank, give in piece of paper, get your money.

29: Usury - lending money at interest, clergy decleares this "immoral"

30: Guilds -Guild hall

Commercial monopoly

Controlled membershipApprentice to journeyman to master craftsman

Controlled quality of the product (masterpiece)

Controlled prices.

31: 1066- Anglo Saxon King of England (edward) dies w/out an Heir

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32: William the conqueror Cristmas day William of normandy is crowned william the conqueror(r. 1066-1087) Battle of Hasting, 1066

33: Doomsday book - listed every castle, field, pigpen in england, helps build an efficient texcollecting system

34: Exchequer - treasury, collects taxs.

35: Henry II & common law - henry 11 inherits the english throne, cannot simply write new laws,but has to follow customsA) needed to figure out a way to make "customs" evolve into laws.

36: Henry II & Thomas Beckett - )

thomas beckett archbishop of cam canterbury vs. Henry II

2) 1170 - 4 of henry's knights murder thomas beckett

3) beckett - honored as a martyr and declared a saintEvolving traditions of english government

37:1215: The signing of the Magna carta

38: Magna Carta Provisions - Monarchs not above the law.B) kings had to consults a council of advisors (development of parliament)

C) kings could not tax arbitrarily

39: Great Council -

A middle class merchants townspeople (burgesses in eng bourgeoisie in fr., burghers in ger.) wereadded at the end of the 13c.

3. Eventually called pariaments.

A. By 1400 two chambers evolved:

-- house of lords nobled and clergy

House of commons knights and burgesses.

40: Burgesses Freemen

41: House of the lords and house of the commons

42: Hugh Capet Elected to vacent french throne in 987 makes throne Heraditary

43: Phillip II - 1) moved capital to paris

A) central government now in parisB) also a cultural center.

2) fought against king john of england, was victorious, won back normandy and anjou, by hisdeath 1223, was the most power ruler

44: Louis IX (r. 1226-1270)

1. "perfect medieval ruler"

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2. Created an efficient bureaucracyA. Gave citizens the right to appeal from local courts to higher courts.

B. Created a more equitable tax system45: Duke Otto I takes king of germany in 936 worked closely with the church during his reign andin 962 pope crowned ottto HRE:

46: Lay Investirture Presentation to bishops with ring and staff that symbolized their office

47: Pope Gregory VII- was the greatest medieval pope as well as most controversial.

48: Concordat of worms (1122) treaty that solves the issue of lay investriture

49: pope innocent III clashes w/ kings w/ king john of england, w/ phillip II of france when he triesto annaul his marriage and with HRE frederick

50: Palestine: place of many Holy places

51: Council of Clermont 1095 urban II gives a speech urging Bishops and knights to fight.

52: Religious Toleration policy of allowing people to worship as they choose.

53: Scholasticism using reason to support christian beleifs54: Vernacular everyday languages of ordinary people, writing started to appear in this \

55: Dante- wrote Dante's devine comedy

56: Chaucer wrote the canterbury tales, story of pilgrims traveling to thomas becket's tomb

57: Romanesque Churches looked like fortresses think wall and towers, few windows dark andgloomy

58: Gothic Architecture bright and airy stained glass window pointed arches thinner wallsElaborate and airy interiors

59: Flying buttresses Stone supports that stood outside the church, these are a key feature of gothic architecturem these supports allowed for the building of staied glass windows.

60: Illumination artistic decoration of books, Gothic architecture influenced this