World History SOL Review Day 3. World War I Causes Military Alliances Imperialism Nationalism...
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Transcript of World History SOL Review Day 3. World War I Causes Military Alliances Imperialism Nationalism...
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World HistorySOL Review Day 3
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World War I• Causes
MilitaryAlliancesImperialismNationalism
European Nations building up their armies before World War I
Secret Alliance between nations. Didn’t think that they would ever be call up for a war
European nations in competitions over colonies
Pride in one’s nations. We’re the Best!
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The Spark• Assassination of Austria’s Archduke
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Major Events• United States entering the War• Russia Leaves the War– Why does Russia leave the War early?
• What are the significances of these events?
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Major Leaders• Woodrow Wilson– Fourteen points– Paris Peace talks
• Kaiser Wilhelm II– Wanted to show how
powerful Germany was– Wanted to build an Empire– Alliance with Austria-
Hungary
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Outcomes of WWI• What were the outcomes and global effects
of WWI?– Colonies participation in the war, which increased
demand for independence– End of the Russian Imperial Family, Ottoman
empire, German and Austro-Hungarian empires. – Enormous cost of the war in lives, property and
social disruption
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Treaty of Versailles• Forced Germany to accept responsibility for
war and loss territory to pay reparations• Limited the German military • League of Nations
Reparations:compensation in money, payable by a defeated country to another country or to an individual for loss suffered during or as a result of war.
That’s my idea!
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Russian Revolution 1917 • Causes • Rise of Communism – Lenin’s Rule:• New Economic Policy
– Government controlled major industries, banks and communication
– But is allow some private ownership and allowed peasants to sell their surplus.
– Stalin became Lenin’s successor
Lenin Stalin
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End of WWILeague of Nations• Established to prevent
future wars
• Weakness:• Did not have the power to
enforce its decision
The Mandate system• During World War I, Great
Britain and France agreed to divide large portions of the Ottoman Empire in the Middes east between themselves
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The Great Depression • Impact of the Worldwide
Depression– High unemployment in
industrial countries– Bank failures and collapse of
credit– Collapse of prices in world
trade– Nazi Party’s growing
importance in Germany; Nazi Party’s blame of European Jews for economic collapse
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DictatorsJoseph Stalin
Adolf Hitler
Benito Mussolini
Hirohito and Hideki Tojo
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Dictators• Why did Dictators emerge in Germany, Italy,
Japan and the USSR after WWI?
• How did these regimes affect the world following WWI?
Joseph Stalin
Adolf Hitler
Benito Mussolini
Hirohito and Hideki Tojo
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World War II• Economic and political causes of WWII– Aggression by toleration states: Germany, Italy and
Japan– Appeasement– Examples:• Hitler’s want of Rhineland
The making of concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid war
Write in your own words
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Major Events• Battle of Britain: Bombardment of Britain's
cities by the Germans.• Germans invasion of Russia.
• Blitz• Total War
“lighting War” a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving
airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces
A Conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort
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Outcome• United Nations• Marshall Plan: A US program of economic aid
to European countries to help them rebuild after WWII
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Holocaust and Genocide• Genocide: The systematic and purposeful
destruction of a racial, political, religious or cultural group
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ReconstructionGermany• Democratic government
installed in West Germany and West Berlin.
• Germany and Berlin divided Emergence of West Germany as economic power in post war Europe
Japan• United States occupation of
japan under MacArthur's administration
• Democracy and economic developments
• Elimination of Japan’s military offensive capabilities
• Japan economy emerges as dominant in Asia
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The Cold War • Yalta Conference– Meeting after WWII– Begins rivalry between US and USSR– Goals were to • Promote peace• Provide emergency relief• Help interim government
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Matching of Cold War Events
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Collapse of the Soviet Union
• Soviet economic collapse forced them to pull their military out of Eastern Europe
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Containment • A policy for preventing the expansion of
communism
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Conflicts in China • Civil War between Communist and Nationalist• The nationalist fled to Taiwan at the end of the
civil war.– Led by Chiang Kai-shek – Established nationalist China in Taiwan
• The Communist established a communist China on the main land– Led by Mao Tse-Tung (Mao Zedong)– Communist China participated in the Korean War
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Vietnam • Vietnam as a colony – French did not want to give up
Vietnam– As a colony, the Vietnam had
little involvement in government.
• Ho Chi Minh – Leader of the Communist party – Later ruled North Vietnam
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Policy of Containment • Former colony of Vietnam is divided
between North and South. • Communist in the North (independent)
and South non-communist supported by the United States. – Domino theory (President Eisenhower)
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War Break outs • Vietcong- Communist guerillas fighters in the
south begin to gain strength • Containment
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Indian Independence
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Characteristic of African Independents
• Right to self-determination (UN Charter)
• Some Peaceful , some violent• Pride in African Culture and
Heritage • Resentment of Imperial Rule
and economic explorations
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Middle East Independence
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Ethnic conflicts• Balkins:– Yugoslavia falls apart• Made up of several different
groups: Serbs, Croats, Muslims, Slovenes, Macedonians and Montenegrins
• Josip Tito held Yugoslavia together till he died
• Ethnic conflicts boiled over• Slovenia and Croatia-declared
independence- Serb-yugoslav invaded both republic.
• Ethnic cleansing of Bosnia Muslim population
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Rwanda • Ethnic Cleansing – During the Rwanda Revolution. The Hutu killed the
Tutsi (Tribe clans) – During Belgium colonization: divided the Hutu and
Tutsi– Belgium promoted Tutsi supremacy. Each person
had a ID card. Prevented movement between social class