World Happiness Index : Malaysia's Initiative With Local Authorities
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Transcript of World Happiness Index : Malaysia's Initiative With Local Authorities
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
INTRODUCTION
URBANIZATION, CITIES AND COMMUNITIES
Cities as engine of economic growth
Cities as an impetus to high income economy
Urban Quality of life
Sustainable Development
Sustainable Communities
What are the indicators of well-being
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SUSTAINABLE CITIES, LIVEABLE CITIES
• “A liveable city is one that through good planning, provides a vibrant, attractive and secure environment for people to live,work and play and encompasses good governance, a competitive economy, high quality of living and environmental sustainability.” (Centre for Livable Cities, Singapore)
• “Liveability is concerned with the quality of space and the built environment. It is about how easy a place is to use and how safe it feels. It is about creating–and maintaining–a sense of place by creating an environment that is both inviting and enjoyable.” (UK Department of Communities and Local Government)
• “Unique combinations of amenity values (open space,design features,urban vegetation) : historic and cultural heritage; location: and intangibles such as character, landscape and sense of place” (New Zealand Ministry for the Environment)
•
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SUSTAINABLE CITIES, LIVEABLE CITIES
Liveability – the state of an urban system that
contributes to the physical, social and mental
well being and personal development of all its
inhabitants.
About delightful and desirable urban spaces
that offer and reflect cultural and sacred
enrichment.
Key principles that give substance to this
theme are equity, dignity, accessibility,
conviviality, participation & community
empowerment.
Adapted from CitiesPLUS, 2003. A Sustainable Urban System: The Long-term Plan for Greater Vancouver
What is missing?
.
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RANKINGS AND
MEASUREMENTS
Quality of Life Index
Liveability Index
Environmental Index
Sustainable Development
Indicators
etc 5
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DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
THE MALAYSIAN QUALITY OF LIFE INDEX
Source : Economic Planning Unit , Prime Minister Department 2011
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
LIVEABLE CITIES CRITERIA THE MERCER HUMAN RESOURCES SURVEY AND THE ECONOMIST INTELLIGENCE UNIT - EIU
political and economic
stability
cultural vitality
threats of terrorism
crime rate
educational quality
health care
efficient infrastructure
recreational opportunities
traffic congestion
currency exchange regulations
political and media censorship
schools
housing
public safety
environment
level of corruption
climate conditions
entertainment
foods & cuisine
pollution
vibrancy
inflation
cost of living
public transportation
permeability and access
cleanliness
aesthetics / attractiveness
easy mobility
child friendly
common spaces as focus of
social life
no waste
jobs and employment
opportunities
inclusiveness (dialogue and
involvement of all)
diversity
mutual respect
clubs and leisure facilities
information
innovation – new technology
clean water
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.........Government needs to work at not only increasing the
people's earning capacity, but also on making sure that
they are happy. Two yardsticks would be used to measure
national development the conventional method of looking
at the per capita income, and the happiness index of
people as well...... Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak 3 Sept 2012
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Government Transformation Programme – GTP / ETP
(NKRA, NKEA, MKRA)
Vision 2020, New Economic Model,
Five Year Malaysia Plan,
National Physical Plan (NPP),
National Urban Policy (NUP),
Component policies
on use of land
and natural
resources.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
MSSDI
Competitive
Economy
Sustainable
Community Efficient
Infrastructure
and
Transport
Sustainable
Environmental
Quality
Optimum Use of
Land and Natural
Resources
Effective
Governance
DIMENSION
DIMENSION
DIMENSION
DIMENSION
DIMENSION
DIMENSION
MURNInets
2
3
4
5
6
1
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S1 S5 S4 S3 S2 Efficient
Economic
Development and
Competitiveness
Empowerment
Optimum Use of
Land and
Natural
Resources
Balanced Regional
Development
(Infrastructure and
Transportation)
Improving the Quality of
Spatial, Environmental,
Safety and Physical
Diversity (Social /
Community)
Governance
Communications and
Provision of Infrastructure
Facilities and Community
Development
(Governance)
D1 Competitive
Economy
D2 Sustainable
Environmental
Quality
D3 Sustainable
Community
D4 Optimum Use of
Land & Natural
Resources
D5 Efficient
Transportation &
Infrastructure
D6 Effective
Governance
Themes Themes
Themes
Theme
s
Themes
Themes
No No
No
No
No
No
Economic
Growth 1
Poverty 2
Private
Investment
1
Total 4
Environmental
Quality 2
Risk
Management 1
Environmental
management 2
Total
5
Residential 1
Recreation and
Community
Facilities
1
Quality of Life 5
Security 1
Demography 1
Total
9
Changes in land
use
1
Municipal
development
3
Heritage
Preservation,
Agriculture &
Tourism
2
Total
6 Total
6 Total
6
Utility Efficiency 2
Solid Waste
Management 2
Transportation 1
Sewerage
Management 1
Delivery System 2
Strengthening
Institutions 2
Enforcement &
Monitoring 2
Total Overall Indicators = 36
SUMMARY LIST OF DIMENSIONS, THEMES AND INDICATORS MURNInets
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
Government Transformation Programme – GTP / ETP
(NKRA, NKEA, MKRA)
MSSDI
Vision 2020, New Economic Model,
Five Year Malaysia Plan,
National Physical Plan (NPP),
National Urban Policy (NUP), Component
policies on use of land and natural
resources.
Sustainable Community
HAPPINESS
DIMENSION
MURNInets
2
3
4
5
6
1
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1. Employment growth rate
2. Urban Poverty Rate
3. Poverty Rate
4. Growth rate of private investment
5. Cleanliness level of the River
6. Environmental Air Quality Conditions
7. Percentage of Population Living in Flood Prone Area
8. Percentage of per capita solid waste generation
9. Total programs / environmental campaigns carried
out in Local Authority area
10. Percentage of quality affordable housing units
11. Percent residential coverage within 400 meters of
community facilities
12. The ratio of cases relating to public nuisance
complaints per 10,000 population
13. The ratio of cases of water and vector borne diseases
per 10,000 population
14. Percentage of ‘Grade A” food premises
15. Percentage of ‘Grade A’ public toilets
16. The ratio of index crimes per 10,000 population
17. Dependency Ratio
18. The rate of change in land use from non-built-up to
built-up
19. The urbanization rate
20. The ratio of public open space per 1,000 population
21. Unsold residential properties
22. Percentage change in the forest area
23. The number of tourism attractions and recreation
center
24. Happiness Index
25. The volume of domestic water consumption per
capita.
26. Total electricity consumption (KW) per capita
27. Percentage of total waste recycled
28. Percentage of domestic solid waste collection on
schedule
29. Number of integrated public transport terminals /
stations
30. The percentage of homes with centralized sewerage
services
31. Residents' satisfaction level on Local Authority
services
32. Number of community programs implemented by
PBT
33. Percentage of PBT revenue collection performance
34. Percentage of total maintenance expenditure
compared to the overall Local Authority spending
35. Percentage of approved planning applications that
comply to the development plan / local plan
36. Number of enforcement operations executed
according to schedule, by PBT
MURNInets ( Malaysian Urban Rural National Indicators Network
for Sustainable Development) : 36 indicators
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
a. The state of happiness in the
world today shows how the new
science of happiness explains
personal and national variations
in happiness.
b. The report aims to evaluate
happiness level of 156 countries
based on a more comprehensive
measurement system that can be
used to inform policy-makers.
a. The rankings in the report were
based on a number called the
"life evaluation score," a
measurement takes into account
a variety of factors including
people's health, family and job
security.
A REVIEW OF WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT 2012
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THE GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS INDEX OF BHUTAN
Constitution of Bhutan 2008 Article 9: The
State shall strive to promote those conditions that
will enable the pursuit of Gross National
Happiness.
4th King of Bhutan, 1972 “Gross National
Happiness is more important than Gross National
Product”
Legal code of 1729 “if the government cannot
create happiness for its people, then there is no
purpose for government to exist”
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THE GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS INDEX OF BHUTAN - CRITERIA
1. ECONOMIC WELLNESS: measured by economic metrics such as
consumer debt, average income to consumer price index ratio and
income distribution;
2. ENVIRONMENTAL WELLNESS: measured by environmental metrics such
as pollution, noise and traffic;
3. PHYSICAL WELLNESS: measured by physical health metrics such as
obesity or severe illnesses;
4. MENTAL WELLNESS: measured by mental health metrics such as usage
of antidepressants, and rise or decline of psychotherapy patients;
5. WORKPLACE WELLNESS: measured by labour metrics such as jobless
claims, job change, workplace complaints and lawsuits;
6. SOCIAL WELLNESS: measured by social metrics such as discrimination,
safety, divorce rates, complaints of domestic conflict and family
lawsuits,crime rates;
7. POLITICAL WELLNESS: measured by political metrics such as the quality
of local democracy, individual freedom, and foreign conflicts. 15
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HAPPINESS INDEX IN THAILAND Thailand has developed Green and Happiness Index (GHI) in 2007
1. GHI - evaluate the performance of national development
and the happiness of all Thais - as a result of the
paradigm shift from economic-led growth to human
development.
2. It consists of six components- health, warm and loving
family, community empowerment, economic strength
and equity, good quality environment and ecological
system, and democratic society and good governance.
3. Philosophy of feeling satisfied with what they have, and
not feeling that resources are never sufficient to meet
increasing desires - is the path to happiness and unity
of people 16
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HAPPINESS INDEX IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
1. The UK government has started measuring people's
psychological and environmental well-being to achieve
a better understanding of how society is doing and to
assist coalition of policies in the future.
2. UK Happiness Index Study was launched on 25
November 2010
3. The key areas that matter most to people's well-being
are health, levels of education, local authorities
services, inequalities income and the environment.
4. The outcome of study assists in improving the quality
of life and happiness levels of the population.
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a. UK Office for National
Statistics (ONS) has
published a detailed
subjective data exploring
how happiness of the
people in UK in 24 July
2012;
b. Responses by 165,000
people reveal the
average rating of "life
satisfaction" in Britain is
7.4 out of 10;
THE RESULTS..
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WHAT PRODUCES HAPPINESS FOR PEOPLE IN THE CITY?
1. Basic conditions have to be in place and material needs have
to be met, i.e. the city has to have low corruption, safety and
jobs.
2. Commuting time; it was found that in the United States, people
who had to commute an hour each way to work and back had
lower levels of life satisfaction than those with shorter
commuting times.
3. The link between green space and happiness : green space
has been found to help people relax, to reduce stress levels,
and to help people concentrate better.
4. People also tend to look for cities with good jobs and a
stimulating intellectual climate.
5. Happy people are more likely to be good organisational
citizens. Happiness is good for the individual, city or country. 19
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WHAT IS WELL-BEING?
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SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING
PLEASANT EMOTIONS
JOY
CONTENTMENT
HAPPY
LOVE
UNPLEASANT EMOTION
SADNESS
ANGER
WORRY
STRESS
GLOBAL LIFE JUDGEMENTS
LIFE SATISFACTION
FULFILLMENT
MEANING
SUCCESS
DOMAIN SATISFACTION
MARRIAGE
WORK
HEALTH
LEISURE
Source :Ed Diener 2003 : The evolving concept of subjective well-being the multifaceted nature of happiness 22
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WHAT IS HAPPINESS?
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1Oth MP - THRUST
FOUR: IMPROVING
THE STANDARD AND
SUSTAINABILITY OF
QUALITY OF LIFE
- to create a caring
society and promote
community well-being.
MALAYSIA AND HAPPINESS INDEX
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UNIVERSAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT DOCTRINE CONCEIVED BY
THE FEDERAL DEPARTMENT OF TOWN & COUNTRY PLANNING, MALAYSIA
in 1997 ALIGNS WITH HAPPINESS AND WELL-BEING.
C
E
JUSTICE, COMPASSION, RESPECT,
TRUSTWORTHINESS & CREDIBILITY, UNITY,
CONSCIOUS OF THE CREATOR, RESPECT FOR
PRIVACY, ENCOURAGING INTERACTION AND
ACQUAINTANCESHIP, PEACE & SECURITY,
RESPECTING THE RIGHTS OF INDIVIDUALS,
COOPERATION, MUTUAL RESPECT, CONSULTATION,
CLEANILINESS & BEAUTY, PRESERVATION OF THE
ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABLE & EFFECTIVE USE OF
RESOURCES
1
2
3
4
5
UNIVERSAL PLANNING AND
DEVELOPMENT VALUES
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAN
AND HIS FELLOW MAN
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAN
AND HIS ENVIRONMENT E M
C M
M M
BALANCED RELATIONSHIPS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
MAN AND HIS CREATOR
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DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
Vision
Mission
FDTCP VISION AND MISSION ON WELL-BEING
“A Leader in Town and Country Planning towards achieving a Quality and Sustainable Living Environment by 2020”
“To spur national physical planning through Implementation and monitoring of development plans which are systematic, comprehensive and innovative to ensure the well being of communities.
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a. World Happiness Report 2012 Malaysia in 51st position
among 156 countries, the happiness factor was
measured in terms of gross national product or gross
domestic product.
b. Malaysia will strive to rank better in the world and Asia
Happiness Index besides aiming for higher economic
growth by the year 2020.
c. The aim was in line with the national transformation
agenda turn Malaysia into a high-income economy as
well as taking into consideration the happiness
ranking.
MALAYSIA AND HAPPINESS INDEX
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a. Combine the best of what’s happening in terms of well-
being measurement locally and nationally, engaging
grassroots action to engage, enable and motivate positive
change;
b. Provide more meaningful measurement of progress which
allows real and impactful dialogue between activity in
communities and local/national policy makers;
c. Provides a platform for the many bodies measuring well-
being to collaborate across different sectors, approaches
and objectives with a shared purpose of city-scale change;
and
d. Enable and inspire ordinary people in measuring their own
and their community’s development in terms they
understand, via methods they enjoy and with practical
outcomes that are meaningful and helpful in their lives
THE USEFULNESS OF HAPPINESS INDEX
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CRONOLOGY OF HAPPINESS INDEX STUDY IN MALAYSIA YEAR DATE ACTIVITIES
2010
24-26 Aug Workshop on the Formulation of Malaysia Spatial Sustainable Development
Indicators(MSSDI) – Discussion on Gross Happiness Index of Bhutan
3 Nov Working Group Discussion of MSSDI – The incorporation of Happiness Index in
MSSDI
2011
12 Jan
The Intial Discussion of Modus Operandi on the Review of MURNInet & new indicators
including Happiness Index Study (under ‘Sustainable Communities/’Komuniti
Sejahtera” dimension)
3-4 April Workshop on MURNInet Review - New Indicators, boundary of data collection and the
justification of Happiness Index Study in the MURNInets framework.
19-27 July Meeting with 8 local authorities in Malaysia to test run data viability on new indicators
and piloting Happiness Index Study’s questionnaires
8 Oct
National Consultation Workshop with United Nations Conference On Sustainable
Development 2012 organised by Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister Department :
Paper on ‘Advancing the Sustainable Development Agenda through alighning Malaysia
Plans Policies and Happiness Index Study in MURNInets’
18 Oct
Meeting on Malaysia Sustainable Development Indicators – organised by Economic
Planning Unit, Prime Minister Department : Paper on The Review of MURNInet and
Happiness Index Study
2012
2 July Commencement the MURNInets’s data collection and survey on Happiness Index
Study involving 151 Local Authorities in Malaysia
15 Aug Cabinet Meeting No 19/2012 – A Review of MURNInet including Happiness Index
Study
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MURNInets AND HAPPINESS INDEX 1. In the 10th Malaysia Plan, the Government has explicitly stated
the commitment to ensure high quality of life in urban and rural areas.
2. MURNInet has been implemented for more than 10 years and needs updating and review to new sustainability issues and changes in national development policies.
3. FDTCP is focal point for Malaysian Urban-Rural National Indicators Network for Sustainable Development (MURNInets) is now incorporating happiness indicators into the framework.
4. Happiness Index Study in MURNInets – involves primary data
collection jointly between local authorities and residents.
5. Among aspects taken into account : relationship interaction with family, neighbourhood and the community, living environment, safety, spirituality, the level of health facilities and the performance of local authority services.
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DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
THE ‘HAPPINESS INDEX’ QUESTIONNAIRE
LIKERT SCALE
UNHAPPY LESS HAPPY AVERAGE HAPPY HAPPIER
1 2 3 4 5
NO QUESTIONS
Q1 How do you rank your stress level?
Q2 Are you satisfied with your health?
Q3 How satisfied are you with your life partner and family?
Q4 Are you happy in your job?
Q5 Are you satisfied with your current monthly income?
Q6 Do you believe that religion or sprituality can bring you joy and happiness in your life?
Q7 Do you interact well with your neighbours?
Q8 Do you enjoy it when you get involved with community activities in your area?
Q9 Do you feel safe in your home?
Q10 Are you satisfied with the facilities provided in your neighbourhood?
Q11 Are you satisfied with services provided by local authorities in your area?
Q12 Are you satisfied with the service of the political representative in your area?
Q13 Are you happy with the quality of your living environment?
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METHODOLOGY CATEGORY OF
LOCAL
AUTHORITIES
NO. OF LOCAL
AUTHORITIES
as at 22/10/2012
%
NO .OF LOCAL
AUTHORITIES
PARTICIPATE
% NO OF
SAMPLE
CITY COUNCIL 14 9.27 8 5.30 2,953
MUNICIPAL
COUNCIL 36 23.84 19 12.58 3.429
DISTRICT
COUNCIL 101 66.89 39 25.83 4,081
TOTAL 151 100 66 43.71 10,463
CLUSTER SAMPLING - the target population is spread across a geography.
a. Local Authority Council's Committee Members (MPP) - 24 MPP
1 MPP x 10 RA
a. Member Of Residents’ Associations (RA) – 1 RA – 50 members
sample 3% x 50 = 1.5 ~ 2 member x 10 RA x 24 MPP = 360 samples
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ANALYSIS AND TECHNIQUES STATISTICAL PACKAGE FOR THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
HAPPINESS INDEX = MEDIAN [ Q1+ Q1 + Q2 + Q3……Q13]
13 SUBCONTRUCT X 5 LEVEL OF HAPPINESS
x 100
HAPPINESS INDEX = 54
65
x 100
= 83.08%
HAPPINESS SCALE
HAPPY >80%
AVERAGE 41-79%
LESS HAPPY <40%
ORDINAL DATA
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DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
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W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
TRENDS IN HAPPINESS INDEX FOR LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN MALAYSIA
37
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65
LOCAL AUTHORITIES
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
WHAT ARE THEY NOT HAPPY ABOUT – CITY COUNCIL? UNHAPPY LESS HAPPY AVERAGE HAPPY HAPPIER
Q1 STRESS LEVEL - 14.29% 85.71% - -
Q2 HEALTH CONDITION - - 14.29% 85.71% -
Q3 FAMILY RELATIONSHIP - - - 100% -
Q4 JOB - - 14.29% 85.71% -
Q5 MONTHLY INCOME - - 28.57% 71.43% -
Q6 RELIGION - - - 85.71% 14.29%
Q7 NEIGHBOURS INTERACTION - - - 100% -
Q8 COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES - - - 100% -
Q9 NEIGHBOURHOOD SAFETY - - 14.29% 85.71% -
Q10 PROVISION OF FACILITIES - - 57.14% 42.86% -
Q11 LOCAL AUTHORITIES - - 28.57% 71.43% -
Q12 ROLE OF POLITICAL
REPRESENTATIVE - - 57.14% 42.86% -
Q13 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY - - 57.14% 42.86% -
LESS HAPPY AVERAGE HAPPY
1.10% 27.47 % 70.33% RESULTS
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W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
WHAT ARE THEY NOT HAPPY ABOUT – MUNICIPAL COUNCIL?
UNHAPPY LESS HAPPY AVERAGE HAPPY HAPPIER
Q1 STRESS LEVEL - 33.33% 55.56% 11.11% -
Q2 HEALTH CONDITION - - 16.67% 83.33% -
Q3 FAMILY RELATIONSHIP - - - 94.44% 5.56%
Q4 JOB - - 16.67% 100% -
Q5 MONTHLY INCOME - - 33.33% 66.67% -
Q6 RELIGION - - - 88.89% 11.11%
Q7 NEIGHBOURS INTERACTION - - 5.56% 94.44% -
Q8 COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES - - 11.11% 88.89% -
Q9 NEIGHBOURHOOD SAFETY - - 33.33% 66.67% -
Q10 PROVISION OF FACILITIES - - 61.11% 38.89% -
Q11 LOCAL AUTHORITIES - - 38.89% 61.11% -
Q12 ROLE OF POLITICAL
REPRESENTATIVE - - 55.56% 44.44% -
Q13 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY - - 50% 50% -
LESS HAPPY AVERAGE HAPPY
2.56% 29.06 % 68.38% RESULTS
39
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
WHAT ARE THEY NOT HAPPY ABOUT – DISTRICT COUNCIL? UNHAPPY LESS HAPPY AVERAGE HAPPY HAPPIER
Q1 STRESS LEVEL 2.94% 23.53% 73.53% - -
Q2 HEALTH CONDITION - - 8.82% 91.18% -
Q3 FAMILY RELATIONSHIP - - - 85.29% 14.71
Q4 JOB - - - 100% -
Q5 MONTHLY INCOME - 2.94% 32.35% 64.71% -
Q6 RELIGION - - - 76.47% 23.53%
Q7 NEIGHBOURS INTERACTION - - - 97.06% 2.94%
Q8 COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES - - 2.94% 97.06% -
Q9 NEIGHBOURHOOD SAFETY - - 2.94% 97.06% -
Q10 PROVISION OF FACILITIES - - 70.59% 29.41% -
Q11 LOCAL AUTHORITIES - - 17.65% 82.35% -
Q12 ROLE OF POLITICAL
REPRESENTATIVE - - 50.00% 50.00% -
Q13 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY - - 17.65% 82.35% -
LESS HAPPY AVERAGE HAPPY
0.87% 8.13 % 91.00% RESULTS
40
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
SOME POINTERS TOWARDS HAPPY COMMUNITIES a. Creating Happy Communities is all about bringing people together
and helping them share what they know about increasing happiness.
b. One of the main ways to promote well-being is to make people feel
valued as an individual and realise that they matter in the grand
scheme of things. Feeling valued creates a supportive atmosphere
and increases the likelihood of positive interaction at all levels.
c. More emphasis on the community and helping people to make
connections and build relationships locally.
d. Requires fundamental change in the way economic entities operate.
Instead of purely profit margins, greater attention needed on well-
being.
e. Working together to makes cities better, brighter and happier.
f. Urban and neighbourhood design to support and promote happiness
g. Local Authorities to identify activities and events to promote
happiness. Local Agenda 21 can be a platform. 41
W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
CONCLUSION
1. Happiness is pre-requisite in Sustainable
Development and Sustainable Communities.
2. Happiness index as a framework for decision-
making and policy development.
3. Happiness index of the people provides
guidance to local authorities interested in
improving the level of well-being people.
4. Happiness through Neighbourhood Design
5. Promoting the business of being happy –
HAPPINOMICS
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W O R L D T O W N P L A N N I N G D A Y 2 0 1 2 : G R E E N C I T I E S H A P P Y C O M M U N I T I E S
DR.DAHLIA ROSLY & DR. AZMIZAM ABDUL RASHID
Federal Department of Town and Country Planning
Ministry of Housing and Local Government
www.townplan.gov.my
http://mytownnet.blogspot.com/
THANK YOU…….. “Happiness is the Business of Government”… Abigail Ross-Jackson 30/1/2011