World Geography TodayChapter 13 Natural Environments of Europe Preview Section 1: Physical...
-
Upload
naomi-sharp -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
3
Transcript of World Geography TodayChapter 13 Natural Environments of Europe Preview Section 1: Physical...
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Natural Environments of EuropePreview
Section 1: Physical Features
Section 2: Climates and Biomes
Section 3: Natural Resources
Chapter Wrap-Up
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Read to Discover
• What are Europe’s major landform regions?
• What are the region’s main rivers and bodies of water?
Section 1: Physical Features
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Major Islands—Great Britain, Ireland, Iceland
Major Peninsulas—Scandinavian, Iberian, Italian, Balkan
Landform Regions of Europe
• Northwest Highlands—Ancient eroded region of rugged hills and low mountains
• Northern European Plain—Broad coastal plain with rivers
• Central Uplands—Hills and small plateaus, with forested slopes and fertile valleys
• Alpine Mountain System—Europe’s major mountain ranges
Section 1: Physical Features
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Question
What are the major bodies of water in Europe?
Section 1: Physical Features
World Geography Today Chapter 13
SeasNorth Sea, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea
RiversRhine, Danube, Guadalquivir, Elbe, Seine, Thames
OceansArctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean
StraitsBosporus, Gibraltar, English Channel
Europe’s Major
Bodies of Water
Section 1: Physical Features
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Read to Discover
• How do ocean currents affect the distribution of Europe’s climates?
• Which biomes are found in this region?
Section 2: Climates and Biomes
World Geography Today Chapter 13
• The North Atlantic Drift, a warm ocean current, creates a warm, moist air mass that is blown by westerly winds across Europe, bringing mild temperatures and rain.
• Without the effects of this current, Europe would have a colder climate.
Section 2: Climates and Biomes
Ocean Currents and Climate
World Geography Today Chapter 13
• Temperate Forest—Ash, beech, maple, oak; badgers, deer, birds
• Mediterranean Scrub Forest—Small trees and shrubs; wild boars, wild sheep
• Boreal Forest—Evergreen trees
• Tundra—Usually frozen; swamps and marshes; migratory birds, reindeer, foxes
Section 2: Climates and Biomes
Biomes
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Question
What are the locations, plants, and animals of Europe’s biomes?
Section 2: Climates and Biomes
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Temperate Forest
• Covers most of Europe
• Ash, beech, maple, oak trees
• Badgers, deer, many birds
Mediterranean
Scrub Forest• Southern Europe
• Small trees, shrubs, drought-resistant plants
• Wild boars, wild sheep
Boreal Forest
• Northern and central Europe
• Spruce, pine, fir trees
Tundra
• Far northern Europe
• Treeless, frozen ground most of the year
• Swamps
• Migratory birds, reindeer, foxes
Section 2: Climates and Biomes
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Read to Discover
• Where are Europe’s forest, soil, and fishery resources located?
• What energy and mineral resources are found in this region, and where are they located?
Section 3: Natural Resources
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Question
What resources are found in each of Europe’s physical regions?
Section 3: Natural Resources
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Northwest Highlands
Forests, fishing, coal, oil, natural gas, iron ore, hydroelectricity, geothermal power,
nuclear power
Northern European Plain
Fertile soils, fishing, coal, natural gas, uranium, ocean tidal, solar power, nuclear power
Central UplandsFertile soils, coal,
nuclear power
Alpine Mountain System
Fertile soils, fishing, marble, lead, zinc, other metals, hydroelectricity
Europe’s Natural
and Energy
Resources
Section 3: Natural Resources
World Geography Today Chapter 13
• Timber-producing forests are found in Sweden and Finland.
• Many forests are depleted, but reforestation and protection programs exist.
Section 3: Natural Resources
Forests
World Geography Today Chapter 13
• Northern European Plain has excellent soil.
• Southern Europe has good alluvial soils (examples: Italy’s Po Valley, Spain’s Guadalquivir River valley).
Section 3: Natural Resources
Soils
World Geography Today Chapter 13
• Fishing occurs along all coasts.
• Best fisheries are in North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, and in North Sea.
Section 3: Natural Resources
Fisheries
World Geography Today Chapter 13
• Coal—Germany (Ruhr field), Britain, Poland
• Iron Ore—Sweden, France
• Uranium—France
• Lead, Zinc, Other Metals—Spain, southern Europe
• Marble—Italy, southern Europe
Section 3: Natural Resources
Minerals
World Geography Today Chapter 13
• Oil and Gas—North Sea (Norway, Britain, Netherlands)
• Hydroelectricity—Norway, Sweden, Switzerland
• Ocean Tidal and Solar—France
• Geothermal—Iceland
• Nuclear Power—France, Belgium, Bulgaria, Sweden
Section 3: Natural Resources
Energy Sources
World Geography Today Chapter 13
Chapter Wrap-Up Understanding the Main Ideas
1. How have tectonic processes shaped the physical environment of Europe?
2. Where can you find glacially scoured landscapes in Europe? What are these landscapes like?
3. What are Europe’s three major climate types?
4. Which biome do large parts of northern and central Europe have? How have people affected it?
5. Where are Europe’s best fisheries located?