World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
-
Upload
roycewiles -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
1/40
WFP Afghanistan
Annual Report 2003
United Nations
World FoodProgramme
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
2/40
WFP Afghanistan
Annual Report 2003
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
3/40
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
4/40
Preface 01
2003 in Review 02
2004 the Year Ahead 03
Government Collaboration 04 - 07
Security 08
WFP in Figures 09 - 11
Programme Management 12 - 25
Emergency Operation 12 - 13
Protraced Relief and Recovery Operation 13 - 22
Monitoring and Evaluation 23
Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping 24 - 25
Logistics Management 26 - 27
Finance / Administrative Management 28
Human Rersources Management 29
Special Operation 10163 30 - 31
Table of Contents
Preface 01
2003 in Review 02
2004 the Year Ahead 03
Government Collaboration 04 - 07
Security 08
WFP in Figures 09 - 11
Programme Management 12 - 25
Emergency Operation 12 - 13
Protraced Relief and Recovery Operation 13 - 22
Monitoring and Evaluation 23
Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping 24 - 25
Logistics Management 26 - 27
Finance / Administrative Management 28
Human Rersources Management 29
Special Operation 10163 30 - 31
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
5/40
1 The number of beneficiaries under the Protracted Relief and Recovery Operationmay include some of the beneficiaries also reported under the Emergency Operation.
1 The number of beneficiaries under the Protracted Relief and Recovery Operationmay include some of the beneficiaries also reported under the Emergency Operation.
PrefaceAfghanistans initial steps towards recovery have beensubstantial over the year that has just passed. The Loya Jirga,
or grand assembly, has ratified a new Afghan constitution and
with preparations for free elections in 2004 well under way,
the Government of the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistanhas shown its commitment to the countrys political future.
During the same period, 2003 has registered the best harvest
on record and brought considerable socio-economic growth
to Afghanistan. As a result, more Afghans are able to meet
their basic needs.
Pockets of vulnerability though still remain. In 2003, WFP
assisted 2.8 million people under its EmergencyOperation and
6.9 million1 under the Protracted Reliefand Recovery Operationwith a total of 233,590 MT of food being distributed. Food
aid was delivered to refugees coming home and to internally
displaced people. Families headed by war widows or the
disabled, and malnourished children and women also received
support, just as did the vulnerable households among
Afghanistans rural population, orphans in institutions, patients
in hospitals and tuberculosis sufferers.
Afghanistans recovery was reflected in the shift of WFPs
activities from emergency relief to recovery, focusing onproviding people in need with the means to build up sustainable
livelihoods. WFP promoted labour opportunities in construction
of roads, bridges and irrigation canals for vulnerable people
who otherwise have little access to food.
Assistance to education remained one of the core undertakings.
Over the past year, 1.2 million children received food to
encourage school enrolment and improve learning capacities.
In addition, WFP provided skills training and promoted literacy
among women, adolescents and the unemployed.
The security situation worsened throughout the year and was
the main constraint to recovery and reconstruction activities.
On the other hand, relief activities continued with support from
the Government and NGO partners.
During 2003, WFP strengthened its partnerships with the
Government other United Nations agencies and the humanitarian
community. Joint programming, capacity building projects
and joint review exercises contributed to making food assistance
to Afghans part and parcel of the overall reconstruction led bythe Government.
PrefaceAfghanistans initial steps towards recovery have beensubstantial over the year that has just passed. The Loya Jirga,
or grand assembly, has ratified a new Afghan constitution and
with preparations for free elections in 2004 well under way,
the Government of the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistanhas shown its commitment to the countrys political future.
During the same period, 2003 has registered the best harvest
on record and brought considerable socio-economic growth
to Afghanistan. As a result, more Afghans are able to meet
their basic needs.
Pockets of vulnerability though still remain. In 2003, WFP
assisted 2.8 million people under its EmergencyOperation and
6.9 million1 under the Protracted Reliefand Recovery Operationwith a total of 233,590 MT of food being distributed. Food
aid was delivered to refugees coming home and to internally
displaced people. Families headed by war widows or the
disabled, and malnourished children and women also received
support, just as did the vulnerable households among
Afghanistans rural population, orphans in institutions, patients
in hospitals and tuberculosis sufferers.
Afghanistans recovery was reflected in the shift of WFPs
activities from emergency relief to recovery, focusing onproviding people in need with the means to build up sustainable
livelihoods. WFP promoted labour opportunities in construction
of roads, bridges and irrigation canals for vulnerable people
who otherwise have little access to food.
Assistance to education remained one of the core undertakings.
Over the past year, 1.2 million children received food to
encourage school enrolment and improve learning capacities.
In addition, WFP provided skills training and promoted literacy
among women, adolescents and the unemployed.
The security situation worsened throughout the year and was
the main constraint to recovery and reconstruction activities.
On the other hand, relief activities continued with support from
the Government and NGO partners.
During 2003, WFP strengthened its partnerships with the
Government other United Nations agencies and the humanitarian
community. Joint programming, capacity building projects
and joint review exercises contributed to making food assistance
to Afghans part and parcel of the overall reconstruction led bythe Government.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
6/40
WFP Afghanistan
2003 in Rev iew
n February 2003, WFPs Executive Board
approved the Protracted Relief and Recovery
Operation (PRRO) 10233, designed to
contribute to the protection and re-establishment
of livelihoods and household food security in
Afghanistan, from April 2003 to March 2005.
The PRRO replaced the Emergency Operation
(EMOP) 10155, which phased out in March
2003.
Also in February 2003, with the participation
of President Hamid Karzai, the Government
received the first installment of fortified biscuits
as part of a donation of one million MT of
wheat from the Government of India to the
people of Afghanistan and the first humanitarian
donation from India to WFP.
A one-year school construction pilot project
commenced in April 2003. The project is carried
out in close partnership with UNICEF, the
Ministry of Educations Department of
Construction and community groups.
The FAO/WFP Crop and Food SupplyAssessment conducted from June to July 2003
showed that Afghanistan reaped its largest ever
harvest on record. The livelihood of many
Afghans has improved, but a considerable part
of the population does yet not meet its basic
food requirements.
The 2003 National Risk and Vulnerability
Assessment was launched in July 2003 to assess
the level of vulnerabilty among the rural Afghan
population. The preliminary results, releasedin December 2003, indicate that out of 16
million rural Afghans an estimated 3.8 million
will not be able to meet 100 percent of their
minimum food requirements next year,
compared to 4.3 million in the previous year.
The results of the school feeding baseline
survey, conducted by WFP with the Ministry
of Education and partner agencies, between
May and November 2002, were released in
October 2003 and showed a massive increase
in school enrolment, especially for girls (345
percent).
I
2
The number of beneficiaries under the Protracted Relief andRecovery Operation may include some of the beneficiaries alsoreported under the Emergency Operation.Full details of assets created can be found under EmergencyOperation (page 12) and PRRO Programme Activities (page 13)Underground irrigation channels.
In 2003, WFP:
a s s i s t e d 2.8 million people under theEmergency Operation and 6.9 million2
under the Protracted Relief and RecoveryOperation;
supported 1.2 million schoolchildrenthrough its school feeding programme;
supported the return and resettlement of990,072 returnees;
helped 4.8 million beneficiaries to protectand re-establish livelihoods and householdfood security through food-for-work andfood-for-asset creation activities; and
rebuilt infrastructure3, e.g. constructed4,203 km of roads, reconstructed 23schools and 500 returnee houses, rehabil-itated 2,063 km of canals and 2,022karezes4 to enhance agricultural production.
IMPACT OF FOODASSISTANCE
3
2
4
During the Quarterly Review workshop, held
in September 2003, to evaluate PRRO achieve-
ments, constraints and follow-up actions re-
quired, the Government acknowledged WFPsproactive assistance to the countrys recovery
and reconstruction and welcomed the quarterly
review process as an important step toward
ensuring transparency and appropriate and
effective collaboration among all stakeholders.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
7/40
Annual Report 2003
2004 the Year Ahead
3
food insecurity and devise appropriate
intervention strategies; MRRD, the World Bank
and WFP will conduct a poverty line study;
the Ministry of Health and UNICEF will study
dietary diversity as an indication of nutritional
status; and the Ministry of Agriculture and
Animal Husbandry and FAO will report on
food security and agriculture.
Based on the preliminary findings of the NRVA,
WFP intends to prioritize programmes to
address the needs of an estimated 3.2 million
rural Afghans who will not be able to meet at
least 80 percent of their minimum foodrequirements.
Food for education remains one of the pillar
interventions in Afghanistan. School feeding
activities are expected to reach more than one
million boys and girls.
New initiatives, such as a national flour
fortification campaign with the Ministry of
Health and UNICEF, will enhance long-term
recovery through addressing health concernscaused by micronutrient deficiencies,
particularly among the most vulnerable.
For the year that lies ahead, WFP is firmly
committed to pursue its support to the
Government in sustaining the reconstruction
efforts.
In the second year of the PRRO, April 2004 to
March 2005, WFP will provide 5.4 million
Afghans with 273,100 MT of targeted food aid.
By enhancing its co-operation with the
Government and humanitarian partners, WFP
will further strengthen the impact of its
intervention, while the focus on results based
management will contribute to increasedeffectiveness of the programmes.
The results of the 2003 National Risk and
Vulnerability Assessment (NRVA) will provide
in-depth insight into peoples access to markets,
health and educational facilities, changes in
vulnerability and preferred forms of assistance.
Key analyses of NRVA outcomes will play a
central role in targeting assistance where it is
most needed. For instance, a joint Ministry ofRural Rehabilitation and Development
(MRRD)/ WFP study will determine levels of
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
8/40
WFP Afghanistan
Government Collaboration
4
apacity building of the staff of theGovernment and implementing partners
as well as WFPs national staff will enhance
the Governments efforts to assess needs and
to design, contract and monitor development
programmes, and will ultimately improve food
security in the country.
To make this possible, WFP developed a
comprehensive capacity development plan for
its core operational areas. The plan includes
80 training sessions for Government
counterparts, implementing partners and WFP
staff to be conducted over a two-year period.
In 2003, Government
officials participated
in assessing, planning,
approving,
implementing and
monitoring of WFP
projects, thus
increasing their
ownership of food aid
management.
WFP collaborated with various Ministries as
listed below:
Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and
Development
A pastoralist adviser, seconded to the Ministry,
assisted the Government in the development
of a strategic framework and programmes toaddress the needs of the pastoralist populations.
A food security adviser, seconded to the
Ministry, provided technical inputs data analysis
and assessments, participated in the FAO/WFP
Crop and Food Supply Assessment and the
National Risk and Vulnerability Assessment,
and contributed to food aid and food security
policy development.
C
Ministry of Education
Phase I (October 2002 April 2003)
Language and computer trainers and two
national programme officers were secondedto the Ministry.
13 Ministry staff in Kabul and 27 provincial
staff were trained in food security and
vulnerability assessment, project
management, monitoring and evaluation,
English language and computer skills.
Trained Ministry staff participated in
vulnerability assessments and monitoring
visits.
60 Ministry staff were trained in the National
Risk and Vulnerability
Assessment
methodology and
participated in the
assessment. Their
participation in field
activities was
particularly
instrumental in
insecure areas where
United Nations staffwere unable to go.
Office equipment and furniture were provided
in Kabul and Mazari Sharif and the renovation
of the Ministrys office premises in Kabul
was supported.
Phase II (September 2003 June 2004):
62 Ministry staff in Kabul, Bamyan, Ghor and
Fayz Abad received a two-week training in
food security and vulnerability assessment,
project management and in monitoring and
evaluation.
Two international staff a data management
coordinator and a programme coordinator
and two national programme officers were
seconded to the Ministry.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
9/40
Annual Report 2003
Government Collaboration
5
The programme coordination unit in the
Ministry continued preparations for gradual
handover of the management and
implementation of food-for-education activities
from WFP to the Ministry, e.g. by planning
workshops and the elaboration of transitional
action plans.
Ministry staff were trained on project
management, monitoring and evaluation, food-
for-education project activities, school
construction, school feeding baseline survey,
deworming survey, English language, computer
skills, data collection and data entry.
An integrated education database was
established at the Ministry of Education in
partnership with the Ministry of Planning and
Statistics, merging existing electronic education
archives from various agencies. This was
achieved as a result of stakeholder collaboration
with the participation of Asian Development
Bank, Afghanistan Information Management
Service (AIMS), Civil Military Coordination,
Ministry of Education, UNESCO, UNICEF,
United States Agency for InternationalDevelopment (USAID), World Bank and WFP.
Office equipment was provided to the Ministry
in Kabul and the Department of Education in
Fayz Abad.
Ministry of Communications
WFP and the Ministry agreed to collaborate in
re-establishing communication network and
infrastructure across the country in order toimprove communication facilities in
government departments.
ICT equipment was procured for the Ministry,
including a network server which will operate
as a main mail server through HF radios for
32 provinces. Some 104 computers will be
provided to 32 provinces in January 2004.
One ICT assistant will be seconded to the
Ministry as of January 2004 to liaise between
the Ministry and WFP on projectimplementation and resource management.
Three Ministry staff will be trained by WFP
and will participate in project implementation
for 11 months.
Ministry of Womens Affairs
In line with WFPs Enhanced Commitments
to Women, WFP provided a cash contribution
to the development of a gender manual that
will be finalized by April 2004.
The WFP Gender Glossary was translated into
Dari and Pashtu and will be enclosed with the
gender manual to be used in gender trainings
organised by the Ministry.
The Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and
Development organised the first PRRO
Quarterly Review workshop in September,
covering the implementation period of
AprilJune 2003. Representatives from
counterpart ministries and other United
Nations agencies discussed and evaluated
the goals, achievements and constraints of
PRRO activities. It was agreed that the PRRO
implementation plan should be reviewed andchanges made based on the results of the
2003 National Risk and Vulnerability
Assessment. It was also recommended that
regular review workshops be organised with
broader participation of stakeholders as well
as community representatives.
artnership was strenghtened with the
Government, NGOs and United Nationsagencies, through the following agreements
signed during the year:
February 2003: Agreement with UNHCR on
return and reintegration of Afghan refugees
and internally displaced persons in
Afghanistan;
March 2003: Agreement with the Ministry
of Health and WHO on food assistance to
tuberculosis patients and their families;
P
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
10/40
WFP Afghanistan
Government Collaboration
6
March 2003: Agreement with the Ministry
of Health and UNICEF outlining roles and
responsibilities in effective and efficient
utilization of resources in nutrition projects;
April 2003: Agreement with the Ministry of
Health on institutional feeding;
May 2003: Agreements with the Ministry of
Rural Rehabilitation and Development on
thesecondment of a pastoralist adviser (fromMay till November 2003) and a food security
adviser (from April 2003 till May 2005);
June 2003: Agreement with the Ministry of
Education on implementation of the secondphase of the ARGOS5 pilot project;
June 2003: Letter of Understanding with the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs outlining the
implementation modalities of the PRRO;
July 2003: Letter of Understanding with the
Ministry of Education consolidating joint
efforts to implement the food-for-education
programme;
August 2003: Agreement with the Ministry
of Communications on re-establishing
communication centers in all provincial
capitals to help improve communication
between government departments;
August 2003: Agreement with the Ministry
of Health and UNICEF on a phase out strategy
for emergency supplementary feeding
projects;
September 2003: Agreement with the
Afghanistans New Beginnings Programme
on food assistance for demobilized
combatants;
October 2003: Agreement with UNICEF on
co-operation in all fields of education,
including water, sanitation and hygiene
education, health and nutrition and child
protection, with a particular emphasis on
basic education and accelerating girls
enrolment; and
December 2003: Interim agreement with the
Ministry of Health on wheat flour
fortification.
WFP is an active member of the joint supportunit (JSU) of the United Nations Assisstance
Mission in Afghanistan, that brings together
the United Nations agencies in Afghanistan
and aims at enhancing the complementarity
and cost-effectiveness of United Nations
activities by means of a common approach
to programming. Moreover, the JSU intends
to further harmonize United Nations
activities with Government priorities.
WFP participates in fortnightly meetings of
a Joint Programming Working Group,
established in August 2003 to coordinate
United Nations activities in the central region.
The Group selected Kapisa province for the
joint programming initiative. A draft outline
of the programme framework was prepared,
and the final document will be finalized at
the beginning of 2004. The Groups activities
will be carried out on a cost-sharing basis.
In two workshops organised in Jalal Abad,
common programme priorities in the eastern
provinces were identified for livelihoods,
infrastructure, access to and quality of health
and education services, Government capacity
building, governance and the rule of law,
natural resources management, drinking
water and irrigation.5 The ARGOS device is a solid box, resistant to climate and shocks, with
a screen and a keypad interface through which data can be transmittedvia satellite to a central computer.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
11/40
Annual Report 2003
Government Collaboration
7
Training sessionstook place in 2003 as follow:
Training sessionsTrainees Total
WFPNGO'sGovernment
Training of Women NGO Programme Officers
Participatory Rural Appraisal Training
Food for Education Review Workshop
Food & Nutrition Training
Gender Baseline Survey Review
Gender Awareness Training
Security Awareness Training
Warehouse Management TrainingAdvocacy and Media Workshop
Training of Security Trainers
Monitoring & Evaluation Training
WINGS* Training
Administration and Finance Training
Distribution Training
ARGOS Training**
Grand Total
8 - 9
29141
- 18 26
1338326
-
-
-
8 8
6666
148 148
12319 24
-
-
-
9 9
4743
110 110
1717
22 8 -
-
5 5
-
30
3761416346
499 78 559 1,136
* WFP Information Network and Global System** Goverment trainees include 39 members from parent-teacher associations.
1
14
8
24
-
-
-
80-
4
-
-
-
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
12/40
WFP Afghanistan
Security
8
Insecurity has been increasingly affecting the
humanitarian efforts in the country. The tragic
murder of a UNHCR staff member on 16
November 2003 in Ghazni underlined the
continuously deteriorating security situation.
While UNHCR withdrew its staff from southern
and southeastern provinces, missions of other
United Nations agencies to those areas were
suspended.
On 4 December, the United Nations General
Assembly issued a resolution in which it
strongly condemned the attacks directed against
humanitarian personnel and United Nations
staff.
Leading to the deteriorating security situation,
the General Assembly said, are terrorist attacks
against government forces, the United Nations
and the humanitarian community, uncheckedcriminality, outbreaks of factional fighting and
activities surrounding the illegal narcotics trade.
The impact of insecurity on WFPs operations
and on the environment in which staff work
can be characterized as follows:
Insecurity is the main constraint to WFPs
recovery and reconstruction activities.
The most insecure areas are generally also
the most poverty-stricken and food insecure.
Relief activities continue, including assistance
to internally displaced persons, patients in
hospitals and urban vulnerable households.
In circumstances where security prevented
WFP staff from operating, activities were
implemented by Government and NGO
partners.
Although the local communities are painfully
aware of WFPs reduced activities, theyremain convinced of WFPs commitment to
continue its humanitarian mission.
The WFP security unit continued to work on
enhancing the security and safety of WFP
personnel and installations through the following
initiatives:
deployment of security officers to assess the
security situation and to ensure compliance
with the minimum operating security
standards; and
provision of refresher and new training courses
for security guards and drivers on security
procedures and emergency preparedness.
Following the bombing of the United Nations
premises in Baghdad on 19 August 2003, a
review of the security measures and procedures
was carried out for all United Nations agencies
in Afghanistan, and as a consequence,
recommendations were made for theenhancement of the security and safety of United
Nations staff.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
13/40
Annual Report 2003
WFP in Figures
9
Jan03
Feb03
Mar03
Apr03
May03
Jun03
Jul03
Aug03
Sep03
Oct03
Nov03
Dec03
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
0
Planned dispatch (MT)
Planned beneficiaries (x 100)
Actual dispatch (MT)
Actual beneficiaries (x 100)
Distribution of iodized salt
With the support of UNICEF, the first plant to produce iodized salt in
Afghanistan was established in Kabul, in March 2003.
During 2003, WFP purchased 1,200 MT of iodized salt from the
cooperative.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
14/40
Total Food Dispatched for Recovery ActivitiesPRRO 10233.0, April - December 2003
The boundaries and namesof the maps do not imply official endorsementor acceptance by the United Nations, WFP Afghanistan IMU, 17- Nov - 2003
Source: WFP Afghanistan Country Office Reporting
Database (ACORD), December 2003
Total Food Dispatched (MT):
101 - 500
1 - 100
More than 500
The boundaries and names of the maps do not imply official endorsement
or acceptance by the United Nations, WFP Afghanistan IMU, 17- Nov - 2003
Source: WFP Afghanistan Country Office ReportingDatabase (ACORD), December 2003
Total Food Dispatched for Relief Activities
PRRO 10233.0, April - December 2003
1 - 100
More than 500
101 - 500
Total Food Dispatched (MT):
WFP Afghanistan
WFP in Figures
10
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
15/40
Annual Report 2003
WFP in Figures
11
EMOP Contributions
Between January and
March 2003, WFP
received
US$26,203,101 for its
Emergency Operation
from the listed donors.
During 2003, WFP
received
US$107,673,786 for its
Protracted Relief and
Recovery Operation
from the listed donors.Some US$31 million
were carried over from
the Emergency
Operation.
PRRO Contributions
CONTRIBUTIONS (US$)DONORS
United States of America
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Asia, America and Oceania
Europe
Private donors
Sub total
Sub total
Canada
Sub total
Private donors
GRAND TOTAL 26,203,101
973,154
24,151,300
25,124,454
315,778
735,294
1,051,072
27,575
27,575
* Canada, Europe Aid, Italy, Japan and Switzerland approved the reprogramming of US$64.8 million from the EMOP to the PRRO
Sub total
Sub total
Sub total
ICRC
6,200,292
2,714,987
33,974,112
31,417,400
2,708,365
1,449,275
20,000
2,785,809
107,673,786
8,131,387
14,665,273
571,429
1,119,910
29,082,320
29,874
541,364
571,238
102,980
791,692
12,956
907,628
Asia, America and Oceania
Europe
United Nations
Private donors
2,805,809
DONORS
United Kingdom
Denmark
United Nations Association, United Kingdom
UNICEF
Japan (private donor)
Benetton Group
Other Private Donors
US Friends of WFP
GRAND TOTAL
Sub total
CONTRIBUTIONS (US$)
74,306,791
436,681
Other donors
Canada*
India
Japan*
United States of America
Sub total
Italy*
EuropeAid*
Luxembourg
Norway
Switzerland*
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
16/40
WFP Afghanistan
Programme Management
12
mergency Operation
10155 phased out in March2003, after having helped alleviate
hunger in remote areas suffering
from conflict, drought and lack of
access to food, since April 2002.
The first quarter of 2003 marked
the transition of WFPs operation
from emergency to recovery
assistance.
From January to March, 2.8
million beneficiaries mostly
drought-affected people, workers
participating in communal asset
development activities,
schoolchildren, internally
displaced persons, returnees and
war widows were assisted with
56,400 MT of food.
Food for education: 357,000 schoolchildren
received 3,100 MT of food as an incentive to
attend classes. Monitoring reports indicate that
students enrolment and attendance have
significantly improved. WFP provided 390 MT
of food to 6,000 trainees in non-formaleducation, and 27 MT of food to 1,080 teacher
trainees.
Assistance to refugees and internally
displaced persons: 18,900 returnee families
received 1,840 MT of food, and 43,200 families
in IDP camps received 6,000 MT of food. A
strategy to phase out assistance to IDP camps
in Hirat province was developed and
implemented in consultation with the
Government, UNHCR and the International
Organization for Migration.
Urban vulnerable: WFP supported 78 bakeries
including 35 in Mazari Sharif, 29 in Kabul and
14 in Kandahar. 149,800 beneficiaries received
daily rations of bread produced with 3,100 MT
of fortified wheat flour. The bakery programme
addressed the needs of the most vulnerable
urban households, headed by widows, the
disabled or the aged.
Supplementary and institutional feeding:
169,600 children, expectant and nursing
mothers, orphans and hospital in-patients
received 1,072 MT of food.
Some 2,000 farmers and their family members
retroactively received 850 MT of food through
the food-for-seed programme, implemented
in cooperation with FAO in 2002.
Some 46,400 civil servants and their familymembers retroactively received 1,060 MT of
food as part of the salary supplement scheme
implemented in 2002.
E
Food for work and food for asset creation:
1.65 million beneficiaries received 39,000 MT of food, while rehabilitating communal assets
as in the table below:
Description Unit January - March 2003
404
40
13
36
48
859
433
9
737Roads constructed / rehabilitated
Culverts constructed
Canals restored / rehabilitated
Karezes*rehabilitated
Springs desilted
Drainages rehabilitated
Water reservoirs rehabilitated
Schools reconstructed
Wells dug / desilted
unit
km
unit
km
km
km
unit
unit
unit
*Underground irrigation channels
Rural Road Construction
Agriculture Related Outputs
Other Outputs
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
17/40
Annual Report 2003
Programme Management
13
rotracted Relief and Recovery
Operation 10233, was approvedby WFPs Executive Board in February
2003, and began operating in April 2003.
The overall goal is to contribute towards
the protection and re-establishment of
livelihoods and household food security
within the context of the National
Development Framework.
Food for Work
WFPs food-for-work activities helped protect
and re-establish local livelihoods and householdfood security, through the rehabilitation and
creation of sustainable communal assets such
as roads, schools and irrigation systems.
From April to December 2003, 534,490 workers
who participated in food-for-work projects and
their family members received 84,463 MT of
varied food commodities. The physical assets
created through food for work include the
following:
PWith the activities above, WFP was able to
assist targeted beneficiaries in enhancing their
household food security; protect them from
further indebtedness and depletion of assets;
support their childrens education; assist with
reintegration; and help create physical assets
to enhance food security in their communities.
Partnerships, essential for the successful
implementation of the operation, were made
with a number of organizations, including
national authorities (the Ministry of Rural
Rehabilitation and Development, the Ministry
of Education and the Ministry of Health),
national and international NGOs and other
United Nations agencies (FAO, UNHCR,
UNICEF and WHO).
Some of the majorlessons learned during the
implementation of the Emergency Operation
include the following:
Government capacity has to be enhanced.
With reinforced institutional capacity, the
government will be able to deliver essential
services and become capable in designing
and implementing reconstruction and
development strategies.
Regular meetings and discussions are essential
with Government authorities, United Nations
colleagues and implementing partners, to
efficiently address immediate and long-term
needs, based on consistent and realistic
strategic priorities.
The reintegration of women into economic
life must be further promoted. Through the
implementation of its enhanced commitments
to women, WFP should ensure the full and
effective participation of women in planning,
project development, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation.
WFP must ensure that assistance is timely
and appropriate, and effectively addresses the
needs and priorities of the beneficiaries.
Activities have been aligned with national
priorities and would ultimately be sustained
and integrated into a socio-economicframework.
*underground irrigation channels
Description
Rural Road Construction
April - December
km
km
km
km
km
km
unit
unit
unit
unit
unit
unit
SqM
unitunit
unit
unit
unit
CuM
SqM
CuM
Agriculture Related Outputs
Other Outputs
Roads constructed / rehabilitated
Bridges built
Culverts constructed
Side ditches excavated
Path ways (valley access) built
Canals restored / rehabilitated
Karezes* rehabilitated
Drainages rehabilitated
Springs desilted
Water reservoirs restoredAqua-ducts / flumes constructed
Agricultural land reclaimed
Schools reconstructed
Retumee houses constructed / rehabilitated
Wells dug / desilted
Retaining walls built (rivers)
Pit latrines constructed
Flood affected area cleared
Carpets weaved
Garbage removed
3,466
4
55
184
60
1,668
1,163
125
28237
13
55,680
10
2,000
378
909
2,212
31,000
241
61,000
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
18/40
WFP Afghanistan
Programme Management
14
These physical assets,
significantly contributed
to yielding better
agricultural crops and to
providing the community
with better access to
health and education
facilities.
Based on the results of
the 2003 National Risk
and Vulnerability Assess-
ment, WFP will review
its targeting of interventi-ons. Particular attention
will be paid to enhancing
linkages between food-
based and cash-based
programmes, e.g. the
National Emergency Employment Programme and the National Area-Based Development Programme.
Since October 2002, the Government of Japan,
with its funding support through the Ogata
Initiative, has supported the reintegration of
internally displaced persons (IDPs) and returnees
into their communities of return. In collaboration
with the Government and coordinated by
UNAMA, a variety of international organizations
took part in the implementation of the initiative,
including ICRC, UNDP, UN-HABITAT,
UNHCR, UNICEF, United Nations Mine Action
Center for Afghanistan, UNOPS and WFP.
WFP provided 9,412 MT of food to 230,300
internally displaced persons and returnees
through food-for-work activities, to help improve
access to potable water and to construct roads
and other communal assets in their places of
return. Ten percent of the food was distributed
to the most vulnerable populations such as
female-headed families, the aged and the
disabled. In addition to the daily food wages,
food-for-work participants received working
tools such as shovels, pickaxes and wheelbarrows
that were kept by the community, for future use.
In addition, some 56,000 IDPs in Kandahar
province received 2,675 MT of relief food for
two months.
In total, 65 Ogata Initiative projects were
approved in 2003 by project review committees
comprised of local authorities, implementing
partners and WFP, out of which 26 were
completed and 39 are on-going. Target areas
included Kandahar and Hilmand in the south;
Nangarhar, Laghman and Kunar in the east;
Balkh and Jawzjan in the north; and Baghlan,
Kunduz and Takhar in the northeast.
Regular meetings took place to coordinate the
implementation of projects at the provincial,
regional and central levels. The Ministry of
Rural Rehabilitation and Development and the
Embassy of Japan organized an Ogata Initiative
workshop in October in Kabul, during which
common goals were established for the
Initiatives fourth phase to start in 2004.
TheOgata Initiative
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
19/40
Annual Report 2003
Programme Management
15
Joining Hands with the Community
For the first time we understand the real
meaning of food for work, says MohammadZarif in the village of Sofak, Ghor province,
one of the most inaccessible areas in western
Afghanistan.
Mohammed Zarif participated in an exceptional
WFP project, carried out from July till August
2003. The absence of NGOs in this remote
location might have been an obstacle, but
instead it provided a unique opportunity.
In an effort to tackle food insecurity in the
village, the WFP area office in Hirat launched
a food-for-work project directly with farmers
and villagers of Sofak who contributed the
working tools required to achieve the projects
objective of rehabilitating the roads from Sofak
to neighbouring districts of Ghor province.
They even decided to expand the scope of
work beyond the original plan, without turning
to WFP for additional resources.
As a result, the food not only provided critical
pre-winter resources for 600 families, but also
served to transform donkey trails into proper
roads, strongly improving the connection be-
tween Sofak and Chaghcharan, the capital of
Ghor province, and other districts. Anothervillager of Sofak, Abdul Ghani, expresses
everyones appreciation of the vegetable oil
that was part of the food ration. Cooking oil
is too expensive in the market, and hardly
anyone can afford it, he says.
We are so happy, because WFP helped us
build these roads, says Mohammed Zari, giv-
ing the example of a pregnant woman who
was recently transported by vehicle to Ghors
capital Chaghcharan for the delivery of her
baby. Otherwise she would have had to travel
by donkey, and that could have been very
dangerous.
Back to the Valley of Sugar
It is good to work here, says Wajiba, on a
sunny morning in December. She is not referringto the breathtaking scenery of the fields set
against the snow-covered mountains under a
crystal clear sky. It al low s m e to feed m y c hildren.
Employed in a WFP-supported fruit tree nursery
in Chakardara, half an hour drive north of Kabul,
Wajiba and her husband Hazam have been able
to sustain themselves and their seven children
for the last two years.
Chakardara is a valley in the heart of the Shamali
plains, stretching north of Kabul. The plains,once called the garden of Afghanistan, and
harbouring the countrys most famous fruit
orchards apricots, peaches, grapes and
mulberries are now barren fields stripped of
almost all trees: a grim reminder of the scorched
earth warfare inflicted upon one of Afghanistans
most fertile regions.
Today, the plains are slowly recovering from a
war that ended two years ago. An estimated
150,000 people fled the region, when it was atthe front line of battle between the Taliban and
the Northern Alliance. Upon their return from a
six-month stay in Kabul, Hazam and Wajiba
found their house was destroyed, like thousands
others.
Together with almost 1,700 of the most
vulnerable men and women of Chakardara,
Hazam and Wajiba are offered food for their
work in the nursery. At the same time, the trees
they plant contribute to environmental protection,providing a canopy for Afghanistans fragile soil.
Moreover, those fruit trees have an enormous
potential to bring agro-economic returns to the
national economy. It is expected that the 184,000
fruit seedlings grown at the nursery in Chakardara
will yield sizeable sales returns when planted
out in the fields.
Hazam briefly interrupts the work he is doing.
Chakardara, he says, means: valley of sugar.
In a year, when the apricots, almonds, mulberries,peaches and grapes will be strong enough to bear
fruit, Hazam will have done his bit to give this
valley back the true meaning of its name.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
20/40
WFP Afghanistan
Programme Management
16
Food for Education
In 2003, school feeding remained one of the
core activities of WFP Afghanistan. To helpalleviate hunger and increase school enrolment,
particularly of girls, the school feeding
programme assisted 1.2 million schoolchildren
in 2,870 schools with 8,224 MT of biscuits and
13,305 MT of wheat. Among them, 370,000
girls received 4,358 MT of vegetable oil as an
incentive take-home ration.
Some 17,500 participants in non-formal
education or vocational training for income
generation received 2,341 MT of food. The
food-for-teacher training programme
continued to support the training of teachers
in 24 institutes. Some 740 teachers received
18 MT of food as cooked meals or take-home
rations.
In addition, 109,340 teachers received 5,438
MT of vegetable oil as a salary supplement.
To verify the coverage of all the eligible teachers
under this activity, the Ministry of Education
and provincial Education Departments, together
with WFP, undertook a survey of all the teachers
registered with the provincial Departments and
those on the Ministry's payroll.
Around 60 percent of the school feeding
projects and all food-for-teachers projects are
directly implemented by provincial
Departments of Education.
Skilled Girls are Most Wanted
Iknocked on many doors and eventually got
the chance to do the training, says Nasima, a
widow with three young daughters and a baby.
She is one of the forty women who participated
in a tailoring project in Khost city, eastern
Afghanistan.
I knew I would gain skills in tailoring, but I
did not know that I would receive food too,
she says about WFPs involvement in theproject. WFP provided the trainees with a
weekly ration of wheat, pulses and cooking
oil. We did not have to worry about food while
we were in training.
From June to October 2003, the female
participants received five hours of training
every day for six days a week with great
enthusiasm. Food assistance played a crucial
role in attracting the women, says the Director
of the Afghan Community DevelopmentOrganization, a national NGO that implemented
the project, with support from the Italian
Cooperation and in close collaboration with
the local community and authorities.
Located around 280 km southeast of Kabul,
Khost city has been heavily affected by the
influx of returning refugees and by years of
drought. Moreover, women in this former
Taliban stronghold have traditionally been
under-educated and isolated from activities
away from home.
The tailoring project was devised to provide
Khosts most vulnerable women with an
opportunity to acquire skills to become self-
reliant. At the end of the project, they received
sewing machines, and some of them have
started sewing clothes in their neighborhood
or for the markets.
We can start a new life by ourselves now,
Nasima says. And so she is looking ahead,
hoping that her daughters will follow her steps.Girls with skills are most wanted in this
community, she adds with a smile.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
21/40
Annual Report 2003
Programme Management
17
A one-yearschool construction pilot projectcommenced in April 2003. In order to build
the capacity of the Ministry counterparts and
to increase the level of community participation,
the project is carried out in close partnership
with the Department of Construction of the
Ministry of Education, UNICEF and local
communities. The project aims to construct 56
classrooms, 84 toilet units for students and
teachers and 14 wells or hand pumps and water
distribution tanks; to provide 2,352 sets of
classroom furniture for 4,704 students; to setup 14 water and sanitation committees; and to
train 14 hand-pump technicians. By end-2003,
45 percent of the above plan was met.
In Afghanistan, many
teachers may not be
paid for months at a
time, and hence rely
on second or third
jobs to meet their
families needs. As a
result, attendance and
the quality of
teaching is
compromised.
The food-for- teachers programme was createdto encourage teachers, through monthly oil
rations, to attend their classes regularly. The
provincial Departments of Education in
Nangarhar, Laghman, Kunar and Nuristan
provinces were anxious to implement WFPs
food-for-education projects directly, and the
food-for-teachers project proved to be the
perfect pilot.
WFP staff in Jalal Abad assisted the
Departments staff in planning their projects
and preparing the proposal, a distribution plan
and budget. Once the projects were approved,
the training of school staff on management,
storage and distribution of food began. The
trained staff, including the inspectors were
responsible for monitoring the distributions
that would take place in all districts of their
respective provinces.
So far, the school staff have successfully
distributed 690 MT of vegetable oil, most ofwhich were provided by the USA, to 10,432
teachers in 500 schools. The food-for-teachers
activity has encouraged the Department of
Education to better oversee and more
frequently communicate with the large number
of teachers in their province, Haji Sabet-U-
Rahman, the Departments focal point in
Nangarhar stated.
There have also been additional benefits: the
record keeping system set up and monitoringvisits have allowed the tracking of those
teachers who change schools or are no longer
teaching.
The oil has encouraged teachers who were
involved in other businesses to return to school
and teach again. Now that they are not involved
in other income-earning activities, they have
more time to prepare their lessons,
Mohammad Karim, the Departments focal
point in Laghman, says.
The success of this partnership with Ministry
of Education officials has strengthened the
capacity of the Departments to monitor and
implement projects. It has now been expanded
to include the implementation of school feeding
projects in two provinces. This partnership has
provided an opportunity to Departments to
better monitor rural schools and to improve of
the education system in all the provinces.
To maximize the impact of school feeding, theMinistry of Education, the Ministry of
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, FAO,
UNICEF and WFP initiated a school garden
pilot projectthat aims to:
develop education gardens as a practical tool
to teach biology and nutrition and to enhance
environmental awareness;
establish fruit tree nurseries to provide
schoolchildren with small business skills,
local communities with seedlings and schoolswith additional funds;
supplement school feeding rations with fruits
and vegetables, rich in micro-nutrients; and
Bringing Teachers Back to School
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
22/40
WFP Afghanistan
Programme Management
18
WFP selected 14 demonstration schools for
the project. The pilot project is fully funded
by WFP and implemented by the school
administration in collaboration with parent-
teacher associations. FAO will provide technical
assistance in liaison with the Ministry of
Agriculture and Animal Husbandry.
In 2003, Afghanistan was chosen as one of
the pilot countries to implement the ARGOS
school feeding monitoring system. To date,92 out of 144 ARGOS devices have been
installed throughout the country. The Ministry
of Education was closely involved in training
543 staff of the Departments of Education and
implementing partners as well as school and
community representatives in installation and
use of the electronic device.
The Wall of Peace and Learning
In December 2003, the murals
were unveiled to mark the arrival
of the second tranche of biscuits
donated by the Government of
India to Afghan children through
WFP.
They were called The Wall of
Peace and Learning and
portrayed the importance of
education as a pillar of peace.
But most of all, these murals in Kabul, Hirat
and Kandahar showed the amazing talent of
their painters, schoolchildren enrolled in WFP
school feeding programmes.
With the new Indian donation, part of an overall
pledge of one million MT of wheat by India
to WFP, more than one million schoolchildren
will receive a nutritious snack in school.
Thanking the Government of India during a
hand-over ceremony in Kabul on 8 December
2003 at Rukhsana Girls High
School, the Deputy Minister of
Education, Ishraq Hussaini
underlined Indias contribution
to increased enrolment in
primary education.
The Indian Ambassador, Vivek
Katju, said with conviction,
There is no better way to help
Afghanistan on its way toreconstruction than to support
education.
The Afghan actor and director Hashmat Khan,
partnering with WFP in the fight against global
hunger, unveiled The Wall of Peace and
Learning in Kabul. He paid tribute to the
gifted painters of Rukhsana High School,
equaled by their counterparts in Hirat and
Kandahar. Their marvelous murals will remain
as a lasting memory of the international
communitys support to education in
Afghanistan.
create new food production and income
generation activities, to strengthen both
current and future food security.
In addition, and because helminthic infestation
imposes a major negative impact on the health
and nutrition status of school-age children, many
efforts were made in deworming the student
population:
A deworming baseline study, including medical
and knowledge, attitudes and practices
(KAP) data, was conducted in collaboration
with the Ministry of Education, the Ministry
of Health and WHO.
Sensitisation materials and radio messages on
health and hygiene education were prepared
and tested with the local communities.
A teacher training kit was developed jointly
with WHO.
Deworming medicines were procured, and a
distribution plan was developed.
In March 2004, WFP will train teachers on
the distribution of the medicines and provide
them with hygiene education.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
23/40
Annual Report 2003
Programme Management
19
Due to a lower rate of return than anticipated,the Ministry of Refugees and Repatriation
revised the planning figure for 2003 from
1,010,000 to 810,000 returnees.
Some 473,600 people returned to Afghanistan
in 2003, bringing the total number of returnees
to three million. To support sustainable return
and reintegration, WFP assisted 876,700
refugees and internally displaced persons
(IDPs) in their places of origin with 14,455
MT of food, during the year.
Between February and December 2003, WFP
provided 1,484 MT of food to 48,300 IDPs
returned to their places of origin from Maslakh,
Shaidayee and Minarete camps in Hirat
province. After April 2003, Shaidayee and
Minarete camps gradually phased out, and
currently an estimated 2,920 families, i.e. some
12,800 persons, remain in Maslakh camp.
To meet the nutritional requirements of the
people who are unable to return, WFP provided
20,828 MT to 353,500 IDPs in campsin Hirat,
Hilmand and Kandahar provinces.
Return from camps in Kandahar and Hilmand
provinces to places of origin in the south and
the north has been very slow due to insecurity,
unsolved right-to-land issues and continued
drought. To promote the return of IDPs, theMinistries of Refugees and Repatriation, Rural
Rehabilitation and Development and Frontiers
and Tribal Affairs developed a Regional
Operation Plan towards Definite Solutions for
IDPs in the South. There continues to be a
need for alternative solutions for the remaining
displaced people in camps.
Refugees and Internally DisplacedPersons
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
24/40
WFP Afghanistan
Programme Management
20
Returning to Registan
Gul Mohammad believes that the drought in his homeland Registan, in southern Afghanistan,is now over and that there will be enough pasture to raise his familys livestock.
Three years ago, the continued drought dried up the wells scattered throughout the desert of
Registan, depriving kuchi nomadic pastoralists like Gul Mohammad of their only source of
water. Like thousands of others, he practically lost all his camels, goats and sheep.
Gul Mohammad was forced to leave. Along with his tribe, he moved northward to Panjwai, a
two hours drive east of Kandahar, where they could graze their remaining livestock on the shores
of the Rood river and where they hoped that, in the vicinity of the city, they would find additional
means of subsistence.
It was in 2000 that he began his life as an internally displaced person, together with 8,000 kuchi
families from Registan.
Since then, WFP has provided food assistance to the displaced kuchi nomadic pastoralists. They
receive free wheat flour, pulses, cooking oil, sugar, wheat-soya blend and iodized salt.
With this support, Gul Mohammad has managed to save a little from his on-and-off daily wages
and has started re-building a small herd of sheep and goats in preparation for his return to Registan.
WFP has helped us through the most critical situation of our lives, he says.
The supplementary feeding programme con-
tributes to the treatment of children and pregnant
and nursing women with acute malnutrition
and the prevention of futher deterioration of
their nutritional status.
Based on an agreement signed with the Ministry
of Health and UNICEF in March 2003, WFP
provides food inputs to supplementary feeding
projects endorsed by the Ministry and UNICEF.
In 2003, WFP provided 1,847 MT of food to
40,620 beneficiaries.
In August, the Ministry of Health, UNICEF
and WFP finalised a strategy to phase out
emergency supplementary feeding projects.
Although these are well-grounded as a short-
term intervention in areas with high levels of
wasting, long-term interventions need to bedeveloped to address the underlying causes of
malnutrition.
The Urban Vulnerable
The bakery programme addresses the needs of
the most vulnerable urban households, headed
by widows, the disabled or the aged, with no
able-bodied family members to participate in
income generating activities. During 2003,
WFP expanded the programme in collaboration
with various government counterparts to cover
four cities, including Kabul, Jalal Abad, Mazari
Sharif and Kandahar.
Between April and December, WFP provided
11,500 MT of fortified wheat flour and iodized
salt to 83 bakeries. Over 29,350 urban vulner-
able families (176,100 beneficiaries) received
a daily ration of five loaves of bread 400 g
each per family at a subsidized price.
WFP is also making efforts to strengthen the
operational and financial sustainability of the
bakery projects.
Supplementary and InstitutionalFeeding
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
25/40
Annual Report 2003
Programme Management
21
Through institutional feeding projects, mini-
mum nutritional requirements are provided to
orphans, hospital in-patients, hospital staff on
night duty and caregivers of malnourished
children admitted to therapeutic feeding centers
set up by the Ministry of Health and UNICEF.
In 2003, 14,000 beneficiaries received 1,343
MT of food.
After careful targeting and training of hospital
staff, the Ministry of Health gradually expanded
the institutional feeding programme in 2003.
WFP has made efforts to promote the use of
wheat-soya blend, a nutritionally balanced food
suitable, especially, for malnourished children.
In collaboration with the Ministry of Health
and WHO, 100,710 tuberculosis patients and
their family members received 4,918 MT of
wheat, pulses, vegetable oil, sugar, wheat-soya
blend and iodized salt. Main objectives were
to help ensure patients access to treatment to
provide patients with adequate nutrition during
the treatment period, and to encourage them
to complete the treatment. It has been demon-
strated that the provision of food has a signifi-cant impact on the reduction of drop-out rates
of patients.
Rural Vulnerable
WFP provided 2,680 MT of food to 99,600
rural vulnerable people unable to participate
in food-for-work activities implemented in
their communities. Target beneficiaries included
drought-affected landless or small land holding
farmers, households headed by elderly or dis-
abled people, widows, orphans, people affected
by natural disasters, the seasonally unemployed,
and people surviving mainly on charity.
In order to improve the targeting of the rural
vulnerable and to better address their needs,WFP is making efforts to build capacities of
implementing partners and to strengthen the
involvement of communities.
Emergency Assistance
In collaboration with the Government, WFP
assisted 110,300 people affected by natural
disasters in 2003 such as floods, sandstorms,
landslides and drought, with 1,022 MT of food.
Disarmament, Demobilization andReintegration
WFP signed an agreement on the Disarmament,
Demobilization and Reintegration with the
Afghanistans New Beginnings Programme, to
provide 12,710 MT of food as a one-time food
package to 100,000 ex-combatants, for a three-
year period.
The package consists of 100 kg of wheat, 14
kg of pulses, 11.1 kg of oil and 2 kg of iodized
salt per person, to help them reintegrate into
civilian life.
The pilot phase of the project, covering one
thousand combatants in six locations, started
in Kunduz in October 2003. In 2003, some2,108 ex-combatants received 267 MT of food
in Kunduz, Gardez and Kabul.
With a cash contribution of US$805,369
from the Government of Canada, WFP
initiated Food Plus activities, including
small-scale wheat flour fortification and
deworming. Possibilities to produce locally
fortified biscuits are under review. The
purpose of the initiative is to help the
vulnerable people improve their nutritionalstatus and health through promoting the use
of food fortified with micronutrients,
essential vitamins and minerals lacking in
the diet of many Afghans.
Following a feasibility survey in Badakhshan
province and Kabul city, 20 demonstration
mills were selected. The Ministry of Health
and WFP developed an action plan and
signed an interim agreement in December2003 to start fortification in ten flour mills
in Kabul city in January 2004.
Small-scale Flour Fortification
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
26/40
WFP Afghanistan
Programme Management
22
Winter Preparedness
WFP estimated that during the winter of 20032004, nearly 612,000 vulnerable people livingin areas that will become inaccessible due to extreme weather conditions and poor road
infrastructure will be in need of some 30,000 MT of food assistance. Accordingly, WFP have
positioned food stocks in 49 districts of 14 provinces across the country.
Pre-positioning of food stocks began at the end of September and continued throughout December.
By mid-December, 27,609 MT of mixed commodities were pre-positioned in targeted districts.
Beneficiaries will receive food rations through food-for-work projects, where feasible, or through
the rural vulnerable programme.
Region Provinces Food dispatched
(MT)
East
South
West
Center
TOTAL
Balkh, Faryab, Samangan, Saripul
Badakhshan, Baghlan
Kunar, Nuristan
Uruzgan
Ghor, Badghis
Bamyan, Ghazni, Wardak
9,652
3,622
1,431
4,617
2,251
6,036
27,609
North
North East
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
27/40
Annual Report 2003
Monitoring and Evaluation
23
rom April to December 2003, WFP moni-
tored 61 percent of the total 177,000 MT
of food dispatched in 1,476 monitoring visits.
Interviews took place with 17,000 beneficiaries
and 1,150 implementing partners staff, disclos-
ing that the great majority of the beneficiaries
received and consumed their rations. Only two
percent of the food was either used to pay for
transportation or exchanged for other food
commodities. In general, food was delivered
in a timely manner, and food quality and ration
sizes were acceptable to and known by the
beneficiaries. The interviewees confirmed that
WFPs food aid helped them enhance theirfood security, reduce their food expenditure
and avoid depletion of their assets.
The performance of implementing partners was
rated between August and October 2003, based
on seven indicators: targeting, implementation
capac ity, capacity building efforts, gender, in-
tegrity, cooperation with authority and reporting
capacity. Out of 176 implementing partners,
including 142 national and 34 international
NGOs,72 percent were rated good or above,
21 percent satisfactory and seven percentunsatisfactory. WFP will discontinue its part-
nership with those that received unsatisfactory
ratings.
With the transition from emergency to recovery
activities, WFP made efforts to strengthen
results based management and monitoring, in
order to be able to measure the outcomes and
impact of food aid on local livelihoods.
With a contribution from the United Kingdom
Department for International Development
(DFID), WFP made efforts to strengthen func-
tional linkages among vulnerability analysis
and mapping, monitoring and evaluation, and
implementation of projects, to develop an
integrated monitoring system that includes
both monitoring of projects and assessing the
food security status of populations.
F
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
28/40
WFP Afghanistan
Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping
24
6Full details of the NRVA methodology, including questionnaires canbe found on the following website: www.af/cg/lsp.
ow that emergency needs are waning,
thanks to Afghanistans increased food
production and economic growth, the vulnera-
bility analysis and mapping unit (VAM) has
reduced its focus on rapid response assessments
addressing emergen-
cy needs of vulnera-
ble populations. In-
stead, in collaboration
with various Minis-
tries and other stake-
holders, VAM has
concentrated on as-
sessing risks andvulnerabilities of lo-
cal livelihoods by ap-
plying broade
methodolo gies that include a wide range of
indicators.
A major achievement in 2003 was the develop-
ment and implementation of the 2003 National
Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (NRVA),
coordinated and led by WFP on behalf of the
Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Develop-ment (MRRD) and launched in July 2003.
Building on the methodology of the 2002 VAM
Countrywide Food Needs Assessment of Rural
Populations, as well as on consolidated data
needs, the NRVA methodology was developed
by a wide group of stakeholders6. Data covered
risks, vulnerabilities, needs, priorities and
intervention preferences of the community,
men and women, and different wealth-groups
in nearly 1,900 rural and nomadic communities
across the country. 269 surveyors of which
111 were women participated in the data
collection during the three-month period.
With inputs from FAO and the World Bank,
risks and vulnerabilities of individual house-
holds were also assessed.
According to preliminary findings, the highest
proportions of people at risk of not being
able to meet their minimum food
requirements are concentrated in the south and
east. Those areas are also the most insecure in
the country.
Moreover, communities in those areas rely on
as yet unreplenished underground water and
have endured
cold spells that
damaged crops
prior to the
summer harvest.
An estimated 3.8
million rural
Afghans will not
be able to meet100 percent of
their daily food
requirments, and
3.2 million will not be able to meet 80 percent.
The voluminous dataset will continue to be
analyzed in partnership with various Ministries
and other stakeholders during 2004. Key
analyses will include a joint MRRD / WFP
study to determine the levels of food insecurity
and to devise appropriate intervention strategies;a MRRD / World Bank / WFP poverty line
study; a Ministry of Health / UNICEF study
to look at dietary diversity as an indication of
nutritional status; and a Ministry of Agriculture
and Animal Husbandry / FAO food security
and agricultural study.
Urban vulnerability pilot studieswere
conducted in early 2003 in 17 urban centres in
collaboration with the Ministry of Rural
Rehabilitation and Development, the Ministry
of Refugees and Repatriation and the Ministry
of Urban Development and Housing. The target
urban centres were mapped to identify
municipal boundaries and access to facilities
and services for resident populations.
Preliminary socio-economic breakdowns,
information on markets, labour opportunities,
sources of income, agriculture and livestock
data were collected, enabling a ranking exercise
of the most vulnerable urban areas.
N
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
29/40
Annual Report 2003
Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping
25
% of District population
0%
1% - 25%
26% - 50%
51% - 75%
76% - 100%
Not accessed due to insecurity
Draft Release December 2003
Transitional Islamic State
Of Afghanistan
MRRD
The boundaries and namesof the maps do not imply official endorsementor acceptance by the United Nations, WFPAfghan istan VAM Unit, 15-12- 2003
The information gathered through the pilot
study will guide the planned in-depth urban
household assessment to be conducted in
partnership with the Government in 2004.
With participation of the Ministry of Rural
Rehabilitation and Development, the Ministry
of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry and
NGOs, rapid emergency food needs assess-
ments (REFNAs)were conducted in 20 districts
of the country in the spring of 2003 to update
the findings of the 2002/2003 countrywide
vulnerability assessment and to rapidly assess
the impact of natural disasters on peoples lives
such as the floods in Takhar province in May
2003.
Government staff were trained at both central
and provincial levels is on basic food security
and vulnerability concepts and assessment
methodologies. 114 staff from the Ministries
of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, Ref-
ugees and Repatriation, Urban Development
and Housing, Health, Womens Affairs and
Education as well as the Central Statistics Office
were trained on NRVA data collection. In addi-
tion, 41 staff from the Ministries of Rural
Rehabilitation and Development, Refugees and
Repatriation, Urban Development and Housing,
Health and Womens Affairs were trained and
participated in urban vulnerability pilot studies
and REFNAs.
In order to allow gender data mainstreaming
throughout all VAM activities, 12 women mon-itors were recruited. This has allowed assess-
ment and understanding of womens vulnerabil-
ities, especially through NRVA, where for the
first time rural women were asked directly
about their views on vulnerabilities, contribu-
tions to the household economy and livelihood
constraints.
NATIONAL RISK AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT PRELIMINARY FINDIGS:
Estimated % of the District population that will not meet 80% of their projected minimum
yearly food requirements between the 2003 and 2004 summer harvests based onincome PopulationSource: CSO estimates 2003/2004
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
30/40
WFP Afghanistan
Logistics Management
26
system, sewage disposal system, office building
and related ancillary works is currently
under design. The warehouse is constructed onland provided by the Government, which WFP
leases free of charge, for 11 years. Permanent
structures built on site will eventually be handed
over to the Government. A similar arrangement
has been made in Kandahar, where the munic-
ipality provided WFP with land for five years.
The construction of two warehouses with a
capacity of 3,000 MT will start in 2004.
As part of ongoing capacity development initi-
atives, warehouse management training courses
were organized for Government counterparts
and implementing partners. 80 Government
staff participated in training sessions held in
Kabul, Kandahar, Jalal Abad, Fayz Abad, Kun-
duz, Hirat and Mazari Sharif.
Upon completion of emergency activities, WFP
handed over to the Government demining ma-
terials, snow clearing equipment (snow mobiles,
caterpillars, muskeg vehicles and 15 snowblades) as well as the Chagcharan base camp.
During the year, efforts were made to improve
quality of logistics services and business rela-
tions with local partners:
Contracting procedures were reviewed and
standardized to improve transparency in se-
lection of partners and monitoring of trans-
porter performance as well as more timely
payments.
ome 200,000 MT of food commodities
were delivered to Afghanistan during the
year, out of which 79 percent, i.e. 158,600 MT
were transported through the southern Pakistan
corridor, with the balance through the northern
corridor (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajiki-
stan).
With the availability of alternative, more cost
efficient and cost effective supply routes, three
external hubs Osh (Kyrgyzstan), Turkmena-
bad (Turkmenistan) and Ishkashim (Tajikistan)
were closed during the year. Two new corri-
dors Traceca (via the Black Sea) and NizhnyPianj - Sherkhan Bandar were used during
the year. The Bandar Abas corridor in Iran was
used as the main entry point for the delivery
of biscuits from India.
Direct delivery of food from Karachi port to
Afghanistan to further minimize transshipment
costs was tested. However, results were not
satisfactory, as conditions for international
transport exchanges including security are not
yet in place between Afghanistan and Pakistan.
As a result of these measures, which contributed
to reducing costs, landside transport, storage
and handling (LTSH) rates have been reviewed
and are expected to be at significantly lower
levels in 2004. Monitoring of available funds
was intensified, allowing accurate allocations
for essential logistics developments. Budget
control efforts were made at every step of the
logistics chain, including the revision of project
LTSH rate twice during the year.
The construction of a new warehouse complex
in Kabul with a storage capacity of 15,000 MT,
a truck park, a workshop and an office building
started in the second half of 2003. Phase I and
II erection of a boundary fence; installation
of water tanks, electrical lightening, wash bays
and toilets; construction of two warehouses
and workshop are ongoing. Phase III site
S
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
31/40
Annual Report 2003
Logistics Management
27
WFP Afghanistans First Two Donkeys
Since October 2003, two donkeys can be seenclimbing the slopes of Katakam hill, just outside
Maymana city in the northwestern Afghanistan
Faryab province. If you stand close enough,
you can read the signs around their necks:
Property of WFP.
There is no mistake: the donkeys are part of
WFP Afghanistans assets! The sub-office in
Maymana bought the animals for US$180 each
in order to bring food, water and supplies to
the security guards stationed at the top ofKatakam hill, seven kilometers away from the
sub-office.
The guards protect a VHF communication
repeater station on the hilltop. Since its estab-
lishment in February 2003, the repeater has
facilitated the operation of VHF radios for all
United Nations agencies and international or-
ganisations in Maymana.
Now that the uphill trek no longer requires a
four-wheel-drive vehicle, the guards get their
supplies always on time, no matter what the
weather conditions are. And the only fuel
needed is grass!
When asked why the donkeys carry signs, staff
says, In case they wander off.
Periodic reviews of transport companies were
carried out in order to obtain competitive
transport rates at satisfactory performance
levels.
Milling activities in Pakistan, for Afghanistan,
were reviewed and the market was analysed
to enable the selection of best performing
and reliable milling companies in Peshawar
and Quetta.
A comprehensive technical and financial
review of the truck fleet was carried out in
order to identify the most appropriate and
cost effective types and quantities of trucks
and to avoid a potential negative impact onlocal economy.
Maintenance and repair workshops were
established and improved in Fayz Abad, Hirat
and Mazari Sharif, and mobile workshops,
were maintained in Kandahar and Kabul.
Containerized transport of vegetable oil was
opted for instead of transport in break bulk
whenever possible, resulting in reduced losses.
42 WFP staff were trained on the CommodityMovement Process and Analysis System
(COMPAS) followed by improved integrity
and accuracy of data pertaining to movements
and stocks of WFP food in the region.
COMPAS was instrumental in creating reli-
able statistical reports as well as facilitating
transporter payments.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
32/40
WFP Afghanistan
Finance / Administrative Management
28
n 2003, the WFP Information Network and-
Global System (WINGS) replaced the manualfinancial system of
WFP in Afghanistan.
The implementation
of WINGS was invalu-
able in the biennial
financial closure of its
accounts at 31
December 2003 for
the first time on a full
accrual basis and
three months earlier
than in the past. To provide technical guidance
and support to this biennial financial closure
process, several training sessions and work-
shops took place for all WINGS users.
In keeping with the carry-over food stocks,
the transfer of funds from the EmergencyOperation to the Protracted
Reliefand Recovery
Operation is underway.
Under a new asset manage-
ment system, the physical
inventory of all WFP assets
has been completed, with
labels being placed on all
WFP assets.
Administrative support was provided to the
closure of logistics hubs in Osh (Kyrgyzstan)
and Turkmenabad (Turkmenistan) and to the
transfer of assets from Osh and Turkmenabad
to area offices in the country.
Information and Communications Technology Management
Financial and Administrative Management
I
n 2003, WINGS was
rolled out to the country
office in Kabul, the liaison
office in Islamabad, and
the offices in Mazari
Sharif, Fayz Abad, Kabul,
Kandahar and Hirat.
WINGS will enable the
country office to manage
its resources and produce
financial reports in a more
efficient and timelymanner.
A major rewiring exercise
for more than 100
generators currently used
in the country is
underway, to improve
safety and power supply.
I
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
33/40
Annual Report 2003
Human Resources Management
29
To better serve the dynamic needs of the operations in a more proactive, strategic and timely
manner, the human resources unit has strengthened its capacities in 2003. All the national
staff in the unit have undertaken professional development courses, ranging from secretarial and
English language training to distance learning on Human Resources.
To better serve the needs of the more stable, less fluid operation, regularizing contractual status,
review of duties by category and ensuring adequate grade levels and salaries were the
priorities in 2003. National staff have been enrolled in the appropriate pension and insurance
schemes, and guesthouse workers received contracts that provide better terms and conditions
of service.
Looking ahead, the challenges faced by the unit include a review of future staffing needs
and the designation of core posts in the area and sub-offices. Similarly, efforts in capacity
building will intensify, based on the analysis of training needs.
Human Resources Management
Human Resources Management
Human Resources Management
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
34/40
WFP Afghanistan
Special Operation 10163
30
he United Nations Humanitarian
Air Services (UNHAS) has facilitatedhumanitarian operations in Afghanistan since
January 2002, by providing safe and efficient
air transport services in the country and to
neighboring countries to the staff of the United
Nations agencies, non-governmental
organizations, government counterparts and
the diplomatic corps.
Domestic UNHAS flights, operating from
Kabul, serve eight scheduled destinations in
Afghanistan: Fayz Abad, Kunduz, Mazari
Sharif, Maymana, Jalal Abad, Bamyan, Hiratand Kandahar.
Internationally, UNHAS continues to operate
round-trip passenger flights six times a week
between Kabul and Islamabad and twice weekly
to Dushanbe, Tajikistan. A bi-weekly service
from Kabul to Dubai operates on a full cost-
recovery basis.
The UNHAS aircraft, consisting of one Fokker
28 twin-jet, three Beechcraft 1900 twin-propellers, and one Beechcraft 200 twin-engine,
transported on average 4,600 passengers per
month.
TT he United Nations Joint LogisticsCentre (UNJLC) completed itsactivities in Afghanistan in March 2003,
after one and a half years of operation. The
major role of the UNJLC was to co-ordinate
the logistics of the United Nations agencies
and other organizations responding to the
humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan and its
neighbouring countries.
Major achievements of the UNJLC include:
co-ordination and prioritizing common air
cargo services;
air and land logistics support to the LoyaJirga in June 2003;
logistics policy framing;
emergency road and infrastructure repairs;
logistical assistance to winter preparation;
co-ordination of the new Afghan currency
project at the provincial level; and
Government capacity building in air and land
transport, public works and rural
development.
The UNJLC received direct support from the
Swiss Humanitarian Aid Unit, the United
Kingdom Department for International
Development, the Swedish Civil Aviation
Authority, the Swedish Rescue Service Agency,
the United
Nations
Assistance
Mission in
Afghanistan, the
United States
Agency for
International
Development
and WFP.
-
7/29/2019 World Food Programme Afghanistan, Annual report 2003
35/40
Annual Report 2003
Special Operation 10163
31
These aircraft made 3,967 flights during 2003,
flying 4,990 hours, carrying 55,275 passengers
and 1,260 MT of cargo.
The passengers included staff of NGOs (41
percent) and the United Nations agencies (41
percent), diplomatic personnel (15 percent) and
the media (1 percent). Passengers enjoyed
frequent and safe access to and around the
country.