World bank 2

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Transcript of World bank 2

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The World Bank was orginally established to support reconstruction in Europe after World War II.

On July 1, 2012, Jim Yong Kim became the 12th president of the World Bank Group.

Overview of the world bank

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Headquarters: Washington, DC and more than 100 offices around the world.

Established: July 1, 1944 by a conference of 44 governments in

Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, USA

Membership: 185 countries

Staff: Approximately 7,000 employees in Washington,DC and over 3,000 in offices around the world.

WORLD BANK

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IS ONE OF THE WORLD’S LARGEST SOURCES OF FUNDING FOR THE DEVELOPING WORLD

Its primary focus is on helping the

poorest people and the poorest countries.

It uses its financial resources, its staff,

and extensive experience to help

developing countries, reduce poverty, increase economic growth,

improve their quality of life.

SPECIALFEATURES OF

WORLD BANK

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FUNCTIONS Reconstruction and development.

Promotion of investment.

Promotion of long range balanced growth of international trade.

Arranging the loans through other channels for priority.

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WHO GOVERNS THE WORLD BANK?oExecutive Board (16)oBoard of GovernersoPresidentoUnequal representation

- USA: 16.68%- Japan:8%- Germany:4.5%- UK and France:4.38%

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WHO PAYS FOR THE WORLD BANK?

(5%) IBRD - paid-in capital subscription(USA: 16.98%)

AAA rated bonds & debt securities (25%) IDA – concessional loans – periodic replenishments

USA – 20.86%, Japan – 18.7%, UK & France – 7.3%

Tail has been used to shake the dog:- 1970s :- forced not to lend to Vietnam – IDA 6- 1993 :- Inspection Panel – IDA 10

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WHO USES THE RESOURCES OF THE WORLD BANK AND ON WHAT CONDITIONS?

Any member country can propose a loan

Staffs carefully prepare the proposal

A detailed proposal goes to the Board

A simple majority of votes. No one country can veto a loan

Apparently, all decisions are taken on technical and economic grounds with no potential political influence.

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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

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ACTIVE AREAS

The World Bank is active in the following areas:

Agriculture and Rural Development

Conflict and Development Development Operations and

Activities Economic Policy Education Energy Environment Financial Sector Gender Governance Health, Nutrition and

Population Industry Information and

Communication Technologies Information, Computing and

Telecommunications

International Economics and Trade

Labor and Social Protections Law and Justice Macroeconomic and

Economic Growth Mining Poverty Reduction Poverty Private Sector Public Sector Governance Rural Development Social Development Social Protection Trade Transport Urban Development Water Resources Water Supply and Sanitation

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FIVE AGENCIES – ONE GROUP

IBRD IDA IFC M.I.G.A ICSID

The International Bank for Reconstruction & Development(1945)

The International Development Association (1960)

The International Finance Corporation (1956)

The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (1988)

The International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (1966)

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THE WORLD BANK GROUP1. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

(IBRD) Founded: 1944 Members: 176 “aims to reduce poverty in middle-income and creditworthy poorer

countries by promoting sustainable development through loans, guarantees, risk management products, and analytical and advisory services”

2. International Development Association (IDA) Founded: 1960 Members: 185 interest free loans and grants

3. International Finance Corporation (IFC) Founded: 1956 Members: 185 Private sector arm of the World Bank

4. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) Founded: 1988 Members: 101 Promotes Foreign Direct Investment in developing countries

5. International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)

Est. 1966, facilitate the settlement of investment disputes between governments and foreign investors

www.worldbank.org

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SIMILARITIES BETWEEN IMF & WB The Bank and the IMF are twin intergovernmental

pillars supporting the structure of the world's economic and financial order

Both are in a sense owned and directed by the governments of member nations.

Both institutions concern themselves with economic issues and concentrate their efforts on broadening and strengthening the economies of their member nations.

Staff members of both the Bank and IMF often appear at international conferences,

Share a common library and other facilities, regularly exchange economic data, sometimes present joint seminars, daily hold informal meetings, and occasionally send out joint missions to member countries.

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DISTINCTION BETWEEN IMF & WB

World Bank is primarily a development institution IMF is a cooperative institution that seeks to

maintain an orderly system of payments and receipts between nations.

Receives its funding from different sources Assists different categories of members, and

strives to achieve distinct goals through methods peculiar to itself

A distinct size & structure

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DISTINCTION BETWEEN IMF & WB The IMF is small (about 2,300 staff members) and,

Most of its staff members work at headquarters in Washington, D.C., although three small offices are maintained in Paris, Geneva, and at the United Nations in New York. Its professional staff members are for the most part economists and financial experts.

The World Bank itself comprises two major organizations IBRD & IDA.

With over 7,000 staff members, the World Bank Group is about three times as large as the IMF, and maintains about 40 offices throughout the world, although 95 percent of its staff work at its Washington, D.C., headquarters.

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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSTargets and Goals set for 20151. Reducing Poverty and Hunger—global poverty is

projected to fall to 12 percent

2. Educating All Children—ensure that all children complete primary education.

3. Empowering Women—eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education.

4. Saving Children—reduce the under 5 mortality rate.

www.web.worldbank.org “Millennium Development Goals”

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MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

5. Caring for Mothers—reduce the maternal mortality rate.

6. Combating Diseases—such as AIDS/HIV, Tuberculosis, malaria, and other major diseases.

7. Using Resources Wisely—improvements in slum dwellings, create sustainable access to drinking water, and sustainable access to basic sanitation.

8. Working Together—make available technological advancements in information and communication. Allow affordable access to essential drugs in developing countries. Address the particular need of developing countries.

www.web.worldbank.org “Millennium Development Goals”

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PROJECTS IN INDIA

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NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL SUPPORT PROJECT

The government of India and the World Bank signed a $255 million credit agreement to support the National AIDS Control Support Project to help accelerate AIDS prevention programs by targeting vulnerable groups at high risk of infection.

So far the World Bank has provided a total of $525 million under the last three projects.

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INDIA LOW-INCOME HOUSING FINANCE

The development objective of the Low Income Housing Finance Project for India is to provide access to sustainable housing finance for low income households

Approval Date (as of board presentation)-:May 14, 2013.

Closing Date-:December 31, 2018 Total Project Cost-:US$ 100.00 million