Workshop 1: Introduction to TCP/IP

• What Is TCP/IP?

• Installing and Configuring Microsoft TCP/IP

• Testing Microsoft TCP/IP with IPCONFIG and PING

• Microsoft Network Monitor

What Is TCP/IP?

1965 1970 1980 1985

APANETcommissioned

by DOD1969

1975

Telnet1972

FTP1973

TCP1974

IP1981

TCP/IPProtocol Suite1982

DNS1984

Microsoft TCP/IP

• Industry-Standard Suite of Protocols

• Routable Enterprise Networking Protocol

• Technology for Connecting Dissimilar Systems

• Robust, Scalable, Cross-Platform Client/Server Framework

• Method for Gaining Access to the Internet

Troubleshooting Microsoft TCP/IP

Overview

• Identifying the Problem Source

• Windows Diagnostic Tools

• Troubleshooting Guidelines

Identifying the Problem Source

• Configuration

• IP Addressing

• Subnet Addressing

• Address Resolution

• NetBIOS Name Resolution

• Host Name Resolution

The Microsoft TCP/IP Protocol Suite

Transport

ApplicationWindows® SocketsApplications

Windows® SocketsApplications

NetBIOSApplications

NetBIOSApplications

NetBIOSNetBIOS over TCP/IP

TCPTCP UDPUDP

IPIPICMP

ARP

Internet

LAN Technologies:Ethernet, Token Ring,

FDDI

LAN Technologies:Ethernet, Token Ring,

FDDI

WAN Technologies:Serial Lines, Frame Relay,

ATM

WAN Technologies:Serial Lines, Frame Relay,

ATM

Network

Sockets TDI

IGMP

Network Interface Technologies• IP Over LAN Technologies

– Ethernet– Token ring– ARCnet– FDDI

• IP Over WAN Technologies– Serial lines– Packet switched networks

What Is an IP Address?

133.120.75.8

86

131.107.0.0131.107.0.0

131.107.3.27

133.120.0.0133.120.0.0

129.102.12.7

129.102.0.0

129.102.16.2

90

94

MARIA AVEMARIA AVE

Network ID and Host ID

Network ID Host ID

32 Bits

w. x. y. z.

131.107.3.24Example:

Class B

Assigning Network IDs

Router

11 22 33

124.x.y.z124.x.y.z 192.121.73.z192.121.73.z 131.107.y.z131.107.y.z

Router

Assigning Host IDs

Router Router

124.0.0.27124.0.0.27

124.0.0.28124.0.0.28

124.0.0.29124.0.0.29

131.107.0.27131.107.0.27

131.107.0.28131.107.0.28

131.107.0.29131.107.0.29

192.121.73.1192.121.73.1

124.0.0.1124.0.0.1 192.121.73.2192.121.73.2

131.107.0.1131.107.0.1

124.x.y.z124.x.y.z 192.121.73.z192.121.73.z 131.107.0.z131.107.0.z

11 22 33

Connectivity in Heterogeneous Environments

Microsoft TCP/IP

Internet Resources

Internet Resources Windows NT

(Including RAS)

Windows NT (Including RAS)Windows for Workgroups Windows for Workgroups

TCP/IP-BasedPrinters

TCP/IP-BasedPrinters

Apple MacintoshSystems

Apple MacintoshSystems

IBM MainframesIBM Mainframes UNIX HostUNIX Host

LAN ManagerLAN Manager

LAN Managerfor UNIX Host

LAN Managerfor UNIX Host

DEC Pathworks for VMS

DEC Pathworks for VMSNFS HostsNFS Hosts

Connecting to a Remote Host with Microsoft Networking

Communication Requirements: Transport Connectivity (TCP/IP, NBF, IPX, etc.) SMB Connectivity RFC-Compliant NetBIOS Services

Remote Host with SMB Server“Server Service”

Microsoft Client“Workstation Service”

net use f: \\Server\Share

LPQLPQ Checks print queue statusChecks print queue status

SecuritySecuritySecuritySecurity

Password protectionPassword protection

No password protectionNo password protection

User and password authenticationUser and password authentication

No user authenticationNo user authentication

User and password authenticationUser and password authentication

No user authenticationNo user authentication

Microsoft TCP/IP UtilitiesUtilityUtility

REXECRSH

RCPTelnet

FTPTFTP

LPR

FunctionFunction

Run commands on UNIX hostRun commands on UNIX host

Bidirectional file transferTerminal emulation

Bidirectional file transfer over TCPBidirectional file transfer over UDP

Prints to TCP/IP-based network interface printers on UNIX hosts

Web Browser Accesses documents stored on a World Wide Web server.

LPD Services LPR requests and submits print jobs to a printer device

User and password authenticationUser and password authentication

User and password authenticationUser and password authentication

User and password authenticationUser and password authentication

User and password authenticationUser and password authentication

Using TelnetWindows NT–Based

ComputerTCP/IP Host

TelnetTelnet >>

User Account on Telnet Server Telnet Client Software

User Accounts Telnet Server Daemon

Using FTP

FTP Client Software User Account on FTP Server

FTP Server Daemon User Accounts

Windows NT–Based Computer

Example: c:\ftp 131.107.3.27username: user1password: secret

Example: c:\ftp 131.107.3.27username: user1password: secret

FTP Server

FTP: >FTP: >

Using a Web BroswerApplicationApplication

NetworkNetwork

Sockets

ApplicationApplication

TransportTransport

InternetInternet

NetworkNetwork

WWWClient

WWWServer

Internet Explorer IIS WWW Service

HTTP=TCP port 80

Sockets

HTTP Request

TCP

IP

TransportTransport

InternetInternet

TCP

IP

HTTP Response

Using the TCP/IP Print Server (LPD)

UNIX Host(LPR/LPQ)

UNIX Host(LPR/LPQ)

Windows NTTCP/IP Print Server

(LPD Service)

Windows NTTCP/IP Print Server

(LPD Service)

Windows Diagnostic Tools• TCP/IP Utilities

– PING, ARP– NETSTAT, NBTSTAT– IPCONFIG– TRACERT, ROUTE, NSLOOKUP

• Microsoft SNMP Service• Windows Utilities

– Event Log– Performance Monitor– Network Monitor– Registry Editor

Troubleshooting Guidelines

DestinationAddress

DestinationAddress

SourceAddress

SourceAddress TypeType

ARPIPICMP

ARPIPICMP

TCPUDP

TCPUDP

net use

ftptelnet

net use

ftptelnet

Network InterfaceNetwork Interface InternetInternet TransportTransport ApplicationApplicationN

etBIO

SN

etBIO

SN

etBIO

SN

etBIO

SS

ockets

So

cketsS

ockets

So

ckets

Verifying IP Communications

StartStart

Go to Go to NextNextStepStep

Ping 127.0.0.1 (Loopback Address)Ping 127.0.0.1 (Loopback Address)

Ping IP Address of a Default Gateway Ping IP Address of a Default Gateway 33

Ping IP Address of a Remote HostPing IP Address of a Remote Host44

Ping Your IP AddressPing Your IP Address

If Steps 1 – 4 Are Successful,Repeat Them Using Host Names

If Steps 1 – 4 Are Successful,Repeat Them Using Host Names

55

22

11

• The Microsoft® TCP/IP Protocol Suite• Network Interface Technologies • Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)• Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)• Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)• Internet Protocol (IP)• Ports and Sockets• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)• User Datagram Protocol (UDP)