Workplace Violence Retail Slides
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Transcript of Workplace Violence Retail Slides
Nicole Deese, M.S. OOHN Intern August 4th, 2009
Workplace Violence in Retail:Controls that Work
Coming Up
• Scary Statistics• Risk Factors in Retail• Crime Prevention Through Environmental
Design• Research on What Works• Summary
Quick Stats - 2007Total Workplace Fatalities 5488
Transportation Accidents 2234
Contact with Objects 916
Assaults & Violent Events 839
Falls 835
Exposure to Harmful Substances 488
Fire and Explosions 151
Bodily Reaction and Exertion 22
Quick StatsNonfatal Workplace Assaults
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15000
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25000
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Risk Factors in Retail
Risk Factors
• Cash
Risk Factors
• Public
Risk Factors
• Few People
Risk Factors
• Night time work
Risk Factors
• Poor Visibility
Risk Factors
• Easy Escape
Controls that Work
General Duty Clause 5(a)(1)
• Employer failed to keep workplace safe
• Hazard was recognized
• Hazard was causing or likely to cause death or serious physical harm
• Feasible and useful way to correct it– Proposed abatement would significantly reduce the hazard
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)
• Main Idea: Potential criminals think logically- weighing the pros & cons
• Make the pros & cons in our favor– Increasing barriers– Decreasing perceived rewards
• Most Effective is a Combination of Controls!
Convenience Stores
• Associated with Reduced Risk:– Employee Training– Security Systems– Bullet-Resistant Shielding– ATM Machines– Cash Handling Policies
• Hendricks, et al., 1999
Cash-Handling Policies
Signage
Gas Stations, Motels, Liquor Stores
• Intervention (How):– Safe– Cash Handling– Training– Accessibility– Signage– Lighting
• Peek-Asa et al., 2004
• Outcome / Reduction of Risk :– High Compliers: 5%
Decrease in Crime– Low Compliers: 28%
Increase in Crime– Look up control risk
• n = 314 (intervention)• n = 96 (control)
Lighting - Outside
Lighting- Indoors
Liquor Stores
• Intervention (How):– Lighting– Training– Escape Routes– Visibility
• Casteel et al., 2004
• Outcome / Reduction of Risk :– 82% Reduction in Robbery– Control Group Increase
• n = 9 (intervention)• n = 13 (control)
Visibility
Retail - Variety
• Intervention (How):– Cash Handling– Safe– Signage– Visibility & Lighting– Training– Accessibility
• Casteel et al., 2008
• Outcome / Reduction of Risk :– High Compliers: 26%
Lower Violent Crime Rate vs. Control
– 41% Lower Robbery & Attempted vs. Control
• n = 305 (intervention)• n = 96 (control)
Accessibility - Outside
Accessibility - Indoors
Convenience Stores
• Intervention:– Visibility & Lighting– Counter Location– Signage– Time-Release Safe
• Clifton, 1987
• Outcome / Reduction of Risk :– 64% Decrease in
Robberies
• n = 47 Stores
Buddy System
Butterworth, 1991
State Plans
• Several State plans address WPV in retail: – New Mexico– Washington– California
• Others address WPV in the healthcare setting and/or public sector:– Oregon– New York– Delaware
Summary
• CPTED- Reduce perceived gains, increase barriers.
• Most effective to use several controls together.
• Reduced crime rates by up to 82%!
• Hope this would be helpful to OSHA’s enforcement team.
Questions or Comments?
Thank you!