Work Zone Impacts
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Transcript of Work Zone Impacts
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Work Zone Impacts
Module 5
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What is a WZ Impact Assessment?
WZ Impact Assessment is the process of understanding the safety and mobility impacts of a road construction or maintenance project
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Basic Concept
Determine impacts of project? Acceptable? If yes, no problemUnacceptable? (Significant project)
Can strategy be found to mitigate impacts to acceptable level?
Yes – develop TMP No – determine best strategy Advise stakeholders of possible problems
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WZ Impacts Considerations Maximizing Safety
Road UsersWorkers
Maximizing mobility and accessibilityRoad user costsEmergency servicesBusinesses
ConstructabilityBuilding projects effectively and efficiently
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Benefits of Assessing Impacts Identify and understand all impacts of the project Identify “significant projects” and determine
suitable TMP Aid in identifying and evaluating alternative
strategies Monitor and manage WZ impacts during
construction
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Mobility Impacts Mobility Issues
Delay Reduced quality of life issues Significant Projects – agency definition Reduced Speeds Queues and complete stoppages
Freight Interference Travel time reliability – biggest concern Delayed deliveries Unanticipated costs
Emergency response
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Causes of Recurring Congestion
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Non-recurring Congestion
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Safety Impacts Road user exposure to hazards
Will staging create safety hazards greater than existing?
Worker exposure to trafficStaging allow for positive protection?
Geometrics during phases Availability of law enforcement Speed reduction necessary/considered?
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Business Impacts Access
Temporary entrances Signing Pavement
Advance notification of phase changes Keep owners informed
Work Schedules Christmas shopping season Weekends
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Residential Access Impacts
Keep residents informed as project begins and progresses Neighborhood
association meetings, newsletters, mailings, etc.
Maintain access if possible
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Incident Response Impacts
Ensure access to all areas for emergency vehiclesHospitals nearby?Trauma centers?
Plan to provide access within work site Identify alternate routesPre-sign for use during incidents?
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Transit Impacts Transit route through project?
Bus stopsAlternate routes available Include in PR information
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Pedestrian Impacts
MUTCD Part 6D: If project affects the
movement of pedestrians, adequate pedestrian access and walkways shall be provided.
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Impact Assessment Proactive versus reactive Use early in the TMP Development
process to identify and estimate the magnitude of the impacts
Assess impacts on regional basis Use assessment to help evaluate various
strategies for mitigating impacts Possibly use assessments to justify TCP
revisions after award of project
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Goal
A good impact assessment process should keep agency from being surprised after project is underway – when it is too late to consider strategies to reduce impacts.
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Mobility Impact Assessment Tools Historical knowledge – “Lane closures do not cause
backups on this segment of road…”
Various levels of tools for more detailed analysis Sketch Planning Tools Travel Demand Models Traffic Signal Optimization Tools Macroscopic Simulation Models Mesoscopic Simulation Models Microscopic Simulation Models
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WZ Analysis Tool Model Spectrum
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Transportation Model Approachesmacro
meso
micro
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MacroscopicDelay Estimation Tools
Basic Concept Special-purpose delay
estimators for work zones
Examples: QuickZone, DELAYE, QUEWZ-98
Strengths Relatively easy-to-use,
rapid analysis Weaknesses
Limited capability beyond modeling simple “pipeline” analyses
High-level analysis
macro
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MacroscopicRegional Planning Models
Basic Concept Steady-state liquid flow Examples: TRANPLAN,
EMME/2, TransCAD, others
Strengths Can handle very large
networks (metro areas) Weaknesses
Not time sensitive Complex models,
relatively expensive to build and maintain
macro
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Mesoscopic
Basic Concept Particle Flow Vehicles are located on roadways but not specific lanes
Examples: DYNASMART-P, DYNAMEQ Strengths
Can model sub-regional areas in major metropolitan areas Weaknesses
Not detailed enough for some operational strategies (e.g., complex signal control) Model complexity is high, data and calibration resources are significant
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Microscopic
CORSIM, VISSIM, and othersModel individual vehicle movementsRequires extensive resources to establish and
calibrateUsually reserved for large and complex
projects unless existing model can be utilized
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Work Zone Analysis Primer
Aid in selection of the correct tool to use in the analysis
Provide guidance to reviewer to ensure appropriate tool was selected for project
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Work Zone Modeling and Simulation Volume IX
Case studies Aid for analysts
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How Should Results of Assessment Be Utilized? Formulate policies Identify strategies that will minimize
impacts Identify critical issues to address in
development of TMPAlternate route availabilityEffects on businesses and residents
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Results Used to Formulate Policy
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Ohio DOT MOT/PLC Policy
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TMP Development ProcessIdentify Early in Process
Analyzing Strategies
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MNDOT Specific – Fig. 1
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Impacts Assessment at Project Level
Consider WZ impacts in the assessments that are performed during alternatives evaluations.
Allocate sufficient fundsAddress impacts of multiple projects
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Work Zone Impacts Assessment During Preliminary Engineering1. Compile project /WZ Scope Information for
Alternatives2. Assess WZ Impacts of Alternatives at a
Screening Level3. Analyze Potential Impacts (optional)4. Identify WZ Management Strategies5. Perform Plan/Program Level WZ Impacts
Assessment6. Compile Planning-Level Work Zone Strategy
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Compile project /WZ Scope Information for the Alternatives
The major categories of information that may be needed include the following: Project Scope Roadway/Traffic Characteristics Other Influencing Factors
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Identify WZ Management Strategies
Issues To Be Addressed In Identifying WZ Management Strategies: TTC Strategies TO and PI Strategies. Coordination Strategies with Other
Projects. Costs for the Management Strategies
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How to Incorporate WZ Impacts Assessments During Design Compile Preliminary Engineering Materials Reassess WZ Impacts Develop/Recommend Final Construction Staging
and TMP Advertise and Award Contract
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Work Zone Impacts Assessment During Construction Assess the impact of any proposed changes prior to the
start of work Implement the TMP. Actively monitor and manage work zone impacts during
construction. Revise the TMP and implement appropriate revisions, if
necessary. Document any findings or lessons for use in
performance assessments.
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Example ChecklistDDOT
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Example ChecklistDDOT Guide
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Example ChecklistDDOT Guide
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Example ChecklistDDOT Guide
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Michigan TMP Template
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Michigan TMP Template
http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/resources/final_rule/mdot_tmp_template/mdot_tmp_template.pdf
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Review and Discussion
When should the Impacts Assessment take place in the TMP process?
Does your state have a procedure in place to assure impacts are factored in to the project planning and design?