Withholding Tax Recovery on Cross Border Investment Income: A Compliance and Corporate Governance...
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Transcript of Withholding Tax Recovery on Cross Border Investment Income: A Compliance and Corporate Governance...
Withholding Tax Recovery on Cross Border Investment Income:
A Compliance and Corporate Governance Issue
FIRMA National Risk Management Training ConferenceThe Fiduciary & Investment Risk Management Association, Inc
April 9, 2008Orlando, Florida
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Globe Tax Services, Inc., and GlobeTax Data Services, Inc. (collectively “GlobeTax”) do not provide or offer tax, investment or legal advice and nothing provided in this presentation is intended to constitute the provision thereof. GlobeTax does not assume any, and disclaims all liability
that may arise from reliance on, changes to, errors in, or omissions in the materials presented. Please note that this presentation is the exclusive and copyrighted property of Globe Tax Services, Inc. and only for viewing by the registered attendee. No redistribution rights are
granted for the content of this presentation in whole or in part.
Martin S. FoontPresident & CEO
William D. TreutVice President-Marketing
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Agenda
• The Withholding Tax Concept• Cross-Border Investment Growth• The Investment Chain• Investor Perceptions of Treatment• The Tax Reclaim Process• The Financial Opportunity• Regulatory Guidance• Shareholder Concerns• Responsibilities: Issuers and Intermediaries• Solutions: Best Practices• Sound Corporate Governance Policies• Q&A
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
The Withholding Tax Concept
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
GrossIncome
NetIncomeafter tax
WithheldTax
TaxAuthority
NetIncome
after tax reclaim
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,00019
80
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Q3
Level (US$ billions)
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Net Flows (US$ billions)
Levels (US$ billions)
Net Flows (US$ billions)
Reference Line
Source: The Federal Reserve, Flow of Fund Accounts of the United States, December 2007
• Total investment levels have risen from $279 billion in 1991 to a record $4.9 trillion in 3Q2007
• U.S. investor inflows to non-U.S. equities have been positive in every year since 1980, with the sole exception of 1987, despite declines in asset values from 2000 - 2002.
U.S. Investment in Non-U.S. Equities
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
• Cross border investment is increasing by 16% per year
• Funds historically hold 25%-35% of assets cross border
• Increasingly funds are being advised to invest up to 50% cross border to mitigate volatility and maximize yield
© 2008 Globe Tax Services Inc.
An Increasing Issue
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
The Investment Chain
Issuers
Custodians & Agent BanksBrokersFund OrganizationsTrusteesAuditorsInvestment Advisers
Investors
GrossDividendDeclared
Investor 1Net
IncomeAfter Tax
Investor 2Net
IncomeAfter Tax
What the Company intended
What was delivered
Two investors of different residency and legal status with the SAME investment
Why did Investor 1 get more than me?
Who knew?
What can be done about it?
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Investor Perceptions
GrossDividendDeclared
Investor 1Net
IncomeAfter Tax
Investor 2Net
IncomeAfter Tax
What the Company intended
What was delivered
Two investors of different residency and legal status with the SAME investment
Why did Investor 1 get more than me?
Who knew?
What can be done about it?
Tax Reclaim
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Investor Perceptions
BO Structure
Statutes of Limitations
Residency StatusResidency Status
Type of Jurisdiction
Markets
ProcessesProcesses
FormsForms
VariationsVariations
Year of Income
Recovery Time
Income Type
Regulation
BO Tax Status
Moving Parts
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
The Scale
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Assets under management
Average proportion cross border
Average long term yield
Annual average entitlement (Withholding rate-Treaty rate)
Extant TaxInc. average Statute of Limitations
Assets under management
Average proportion cross border
Average long term yield
Annual average entitlement (Withholding rate-Treaty rate)
Extant TaxInc. average Statute of Limitations
4.5%
15 %
5.2 yrs
$96.5Tn
$32.4Tn
$1.46Tn
$219Bn
$1.14Tn
Global Custody
(33.6%)
globalcustody.net
Reclaimed7%
Unreclaimed93%
© 2008 Globe Tax Services Inc.
The Opportunity
OECD Corporate Governance Guidelines
• Ensure equitable treatment of all shareholders (including minority and foreign holders). – “Within any share class, all shares
should carry the same rights. All investors should be able to obtain information about the rights attached to all series and classes of shares before they purchase.”
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
OECD Corporate Governance Guidelines
“Basic shareholder rights should include the right to:
1. Secure methods of ownership registration
2. Convey or transfer shares
3. Obtain relevant and material information about the corporation on a timely and regular basis
4. Participate and vote in shareholder meetings
5. Elect and remove members of the board
6. Share in the profits of the corporation.”
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Basel II Corporate Governance Guidelines
Duties to Shareholders and Bank Customers:
– “Meet the obligation of accountability to their shareholders and take into account the interests of other recognized stakeholders.”
– Protect the interests of bank customers
• Transparency • Information
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Shareholder Concerns
• Know they are receiving a lower dividend
• Little or no knowledge of foreign tax laws
• Ignorance of Statutes of Limitations
• Importance of full disclosure by issuers and intermediaries
• Current examples of Best Practice
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Responsibilities:Issuers and Intermediaries
• Manage shareholder expectations through effective communication
• Maximize share value and maintain investment flows
• Distribute dividend value to which shareholders are entitled
• Understand recovery processes and reveal them to investors
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Summary
• Over $200 billion of tax withheld annually
• Rising trend of amounts withheld as cross-border investment grows
• Current tax recovery negligible• Failure to address these issues
exposes issuers and intermediaries to both reputational and financial risk
• Complexity of the issue does not justify inaction
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Solutions: Best Practices
• Issuers: Need to develop effective corporate governance policies that support their investor relations strategies– Shareholder communication– Shareholder education
• Intermediaries: Need to adopt tax recovery processes to ensure investor access to legal entitlements and accompanying enhanced investment yields
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Policies on Tax Recovery
• Ensure full compliance• Foster satisfaction• Improve reputation • Enhance return on investment• Attract and keep investors/clients
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
Profile: GlobeTax
• Founded: 1992• 4,500 clients worldwide (38 countries) • Outsource service provider for all DR Depositaries
(JPMorgan Chase, BNY Mellon, Citi, and Deutsche Bank)• Processes reclaims for all DTCC participants filing claims
for ADRs and NY Registry Shares (NYRSs)• Processes reclaims for ADRs, NYRSs and ordinary shares in
all 27 jurisdictions worldwide permitting recovery of excess taxes withheld
• Research: 230+ jurisdictions• Volumes Processed: 1,700,000+ reclaims per year
© 2008 Globe Tax Services IncCONFIDENTIAL
Q & A
© 2008 GlobeTax Services Inc.
USA:Len A. Lipton – VP, Marketing [email protected]
William Treut – VP, Marketing [email protected]
Telephone: (212) 747-9100
ROW:Ross K. McGill – Director, [email protected]
Telephone: + 44 207 268 3962
The world’s pre-eminent withholding tax recovery and market data specialists
GlobeTax.com © 2008 Globe Tax Services Inc
Contact Information