Wireless Technologies in the Power...

Wireless Technologies in the Power Industry

Circuit Breaker On-lineMonitoring Using

Wireless Communication

Outline

BackgroundFunctional RequirementsDesign SpecificationImplementationFuture Work

Background

Concentrator

generated signals

Circuit breaker

Internet/Intranet

The big picture

Circuit Breaker Monitor Substation DataConcentrator

(typically hundreds or thousands)

Internet/Intranet

Maintenance crew(mobile computer) Enterprise Maintenance

System (RCM, EIS, etc.)

Substation set-up

CircuitBreaker

Data Acquisition

DeviceComputer

SignalProcessing

Module

Expert System Module

EventReport

Software Program

Circuit Breaker side

Circuit Breaker Control Circuit

52Y

52X

52

52

52Y52X

52Y

CC TC

Control Voltage

aa

b

a

a

Close InitiateFuse

Fuse

External Control

Trip Initiate

52Yb

External Control

Recorded signals

Client-Server solution

Centralized solution

Maintenance Service ES rulesSP

parametersES

parameters

DFR COMTRADE format data SP parameters ES parameters

Reports

Database

Conversion Software GUI

Signal Processing

Expert System

RochesterDFR Files

From Client Solution

ServerWeb Browser

Web ApplicationASP.NET pages

INTRANET

Outline


Functions

Perform data acquisition of 15 signals (11 analog and 4 status) and record sequences of tripping and closing

Create files of captured sequences according to COMTRADE file specification

Wireless file transfer to concentrator

Signals Monitored by DAU

Group Signal name

Digital signals

Trip Initiate

Close Initiate

X Coil signal

Y Coil signal

Contacts “A” Contact

“B” Contact

DC VoltagesControl DC Voltage

Yard DC Voltage

Light Wire

Coil CurrentsTrip Coil (TC) Current 1

Trip Coil (TC) Current 2

Closing Coil (CC) Current

Phase Currents

Phase Current A

Phase Current B

Phase Current C

Tripping and closing sequences

BS BS BS ESESES

TOTO LOCKOUT1 minute (the worst case)

BS -- beginning of sequence ES – end of sequenceTO – time out

DAU – Functional block diagram

Signal conditioning and galvanic

isolation

Data acquisition

COMTRADE files

Wireless transmitter

Wireless data transfer

Circuit breaker

Wireless receiver

Concentrator

Outline


Design Specification

Board for signal conditioning and galvanic isolation

Voltage levels in range [-2,2]V


Galvanic isolation and signal conditioning


Data acquisition

DAC (configurable sampling rate)

COMTRADE file

specification

COMTRADE files

Wireless data transfer Wireless transmitter Wireless

receiver

~200 m

Outline


Implementation

Signal Conditioning board – 15 channels

Filter Amplifier IsolatorISO122P

Variable gainAmp

+Input To ADC

Gnd

ADC module

A/D conversion algorithm

Updating 15 cyclic buffers (1 for each channel)

ISR5760 Hz

Updating 1 cyclic buffer (microseconds elapsed)

Microsecond resolution timer for measuring elapsed

time since last ISR

Main program flow diagram

INITIALIZATION

TRIP SIGNAL MONITORING

CHANGE OF STATUS ON “TRIP EVENT”

CHANNEL ?

No

INITIALIZE PARAMETERS. TRANSFER DATA FROM BUFFERS. WIRELESS FILE TRANSFER

END OF FILE

Yes

NoYes

Wireless file transfer

RS-232

RS-232

Frequency hopping Spread Spectrum

PROMETHEUS PC104 CPU BOARD

CONCENTRATOR

wireless modem

wireless modem

Transmission properties

Point-to-multipoint communication systemFrequency Hopping Spread Spectrum technologyPre-scheduled polling for availiable filesEnd of file determined by pre-specified code

Concentrator polling

File

to se

nd?

No

File

to se

nd?

Yes

File

to se

nd?

File

trans

fer

Breaker 1 Breaker 2 Breaker 3

CBM 1 CBM 2 CBM 3

No

Bus #1 Bus #2

Switchyard

Communication protocol

BUFFER IS FULL

SEND ACKNOWLEDGE

TIME-OUT ELAPSED

BUFFER IS FULL

SEND ACKNOWLEDGE

SEND REPEAT

DATA FROM DAU

no

no

no

Outline


Future Work

Robust communication protocol for error detection and eliminationReal time monitoring at high sampling rates –interleaving data from different CBMsWireless configuration of remote device

Acknowledgements

Earlier work related to development of the automated software for CBMA was funded by CenterPoint EnergyThe work of the CB data acquisition unit was coordinated by the Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions, and funded by the Office of Electric Transmission and Distribution, Transmission Reliability Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under Interagency Agreement No.DE-AI-99EE35075 with the National Science Foundation.

Wireless Technologies in the Power...

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