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A SEMINAR REPORT ON 

“WIRELESS ELECTRICITY”

SESSION: 2013-2014 

Submitted By 

SHASHI BHUSHANB. Tech 3rd. YEAR (ECE)

Roll no. 1104231050

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERINGMADAN MOHAN MALAVIYA

UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, GORAKHPUR, UTTAR PRADESH

CONTENTS

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INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND WHY WE NEED? BASIC OF WIRELESS ELECTRICITY WIRELESS ELECTRICITY SYSTEM DESCRIPTION THEORIES FEATURES APPLICATIONS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES CONCLUSION REFERENCES

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• Normally, we picture electric devices with wires. For example, laptop, cell phone, lamp etc.

• Remember every time you travel or at home, you need to pack all the adapters and chargers for your devices. It’s unpractical, isn’t it.

The solution is near.

INTRODUCTION

Background

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• NIKOLA TESLA

He did enlighten many lamps at the distance of

2m wirelessly.

• Later the team from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) led by Prof. Marin Soljacic extend his work and they named their invention “WiTricity”(Wireless Electricity).

• In the first trial, the team was able to illuminate a 60-watt light bulb 7ft away.

NIKOLA TESLA

WiTricity team from MIT

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Why we need?• Now-a-days due to rapid increase of electronic goods

like cell phones ,laptops ,i-pods etc., which rely on the chemical storage of energy by the battery & need to recharge frequently twice a day.

• Leads to lot of E-waste.

• Precautions to be taken for electrician while working otherwise he can get shock.

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BASICS OF WIRELESS ELECTRICITY

WIRELESS ELECTRICITY

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Transmission of energy through the air.

Process of transferring electric energy or power over distance without wires.

Works on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Is a form of wireless energy transfer by resonance, the ability to provide electrical energy to remote objects without wires using oscillating magnetic fields.

Also known as “WiTricity” and “Wireless Power Transmission”.

Power source (transmitter) provides power to the devices where as capture device (receiver) captures it.

Working of Wireless electricity

Charging of a Laptop

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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

9DEMONSTRATION OF WIRELESS ELECTRICITY IN DAY-TO –DAY LIFE

THEORIES

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Two theories:-

1)NEAR FIELD THEORYValid only for few range (in meter).Uses Resonant inductive coupling between two coils that are tuned to resonate at the same frequency. Where distance is few times the diameter of the device & source. 2)FAR FIELD THEORYValid for large ranges (in km).Uses radio wave and laser’s between source & receiver.Where distance is much greater the diameter of the device & source. Uses Microwave, hence also called MICROWAVE POWER TRANSMISSION.

Near field theory

Fear field theory

FEATURES

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Highly Resonant Strong Coupling Provides High Efficiency over Distance.

Energy Transfer via Magnetic Near Field can Penetrate and Wrap Around Obstacles.

Non-Radiated Energy Transfer, hence is Safe for People and Animals.

Scalable Design enables solutions from milliwatts to Kilowatts.

Flexible Geometry allows WPT Devices to be embedded into OEM Products.

APPLICATIONS

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CONSUMER ELECTRONICS

ELECTRIC VEHICLES

MEDICAL DEVICES

LED LIGHTING

DEFENSE SYSTEMS

ADVANTAGES

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No need of line of sight.

No need of power cables.

Wastage of power is small.

Reduction of e-waste by eliminating the need for power cords.

Does not interfere with radio waves.

Negative health implications.

Able to penetrate anything.

DISADVANTAGES

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o Wireless power transmission can be possible only in few meters.

o Efficiency is only about 40%.

o Need for standardization and adaptation. So a little overheating occurs because of different voltages.

o Refitting old equipment or purchasing new equipment could become a very expensive endeavor.

o Possibility of “energy theft”.

WPT makes products:

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More Convenient:• No manual recharging or changing batteries.• Eliminate unsightly, unwieldy and costly power cords.

More Reliable:• Never run out of battery power.• Reduce product failure rates by fixing the ‘weakest link’.

More Environmentally Friendly:• Reduce use of lots & loops of wires.• Reduce E-Waste.

 

CONCLUSION

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Think that the city will be covered with WPT hot spots , just like Wireless Internet, there will be no need of charging batteries, or carrying adapters all around !

If we apply this idea to the whole city, we might not have to use any wired cable. Moreover, in the future, it would save the material cost,

& “WE CAN SAVE THE WORLD FROM WIRES”

REFERENCES

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o Nicola Tesla, ―”The transmission of electrical energy without wires”, Electrical World and Engineer, March 1905. Page 2-5 .

o William C. Brown, ―”The history of power transmission by radio waves, Microwave Theory and Techniques”, IEEE Transactions, 32(9 ), September 1984.

o A.B. Kurs, A. Karalis, R. Moffatt, J.D. Joannopoulos, P.H. Fisher, and M. Soljacic, ―”Wireless Power Transfer via Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonances” Science, 317, pp. 83-86 (2007)

o A. Karalis, J.D. Joannopoulos, and M. Soljacic, -”Efficient Wireless Non-radiative Midrange Energy Transfer”, Ann. Phys., 323, pp. 34-48, (2008) published online April 2007.

o Hirai, J., Kim, T.-W. and Kawamura, A. -”Wireless transmission of power and information and information for cableless linear motor drive” IEEE Trans. on power electronics pp.15, 21 (2000).

o IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz, IEEE Std. C95.1-2005

Thank You

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